Pub Date : 2020-06-25DOI: 10.15320/iconarp.2020.110
Filiz Umaroğullari, Semiha Kartal, Dinçer Aydın
In today’s living conditions, the quality of life depends on well-managed energy. Therefore, countries produce different energy policies to manage their energy resources. Determining appropriate, feasible, and controllable energy policies becomes important especially for buildings, as being one of the most significant energy consumers. Green building certification systems (GBCSs) are one of the most common applications for energy efficiency in the building sector. Purpose This paper is a comparative analysis of GBCSs in developed and developing countries, in an effort to establish the similarities and differences between Turkey’s first national GBCS – B.E.S.T and other GBCSs, and to determine how the energy criteria in GBCSs contribute to each dimension of sustainability (i.e., environmental, economic, social). Design/Methodology/Approach The research methodology depends on the literature review and documentary review on energy-related regulations, legislation, and laws. A comparative analysis of GBCSs was conducted in the study. Not only the sub-criteria directly exist under the energy criterion, but also indirect energy criteria, which are included in the sub-criteria of all other criteria within the GBCS, were numerically evaluated with the helped of developed matrix. Findings The results show that energy credits were given the highest weight by LEED (~33%) in international GBCSs and by GRIHA (~42%) in national GBCSs. In B.E.S.T, this is ~29%. It was determined that B.E.S.T was structurally similar to LEED, while it was similar to BREEAM in terms of weight and importance given to the energy criteria. According to the developing country GBCSs, the biggest similarity is seen with GBI. In terms of SD, it is found that GBCSs present similar characteristics to their regional development level. Where a GBCS serves for a developing region, the main concerns of energy criteria focus on the intersection of its environmental and economic aspects. Thus, B.E.S.T has been created in a similar structure and the highest share (%80) on environmental-economic aspects. Research Limitations In the study, the comparison was made between selected international GBCSs like BREEAM, LEED, and DGNB and national GBCSs like GM, GBI, and GRIHA. Practical Implications In practice, the results can help owners or developers to focus on which energy criteria contribute economic, social or environmental advantage for them. Social Implications This study also provides some recommendations for further application and academic studies of B.E.S.T. Originality/Value Increasing the recognition of Turkey’s national GBCS in scientific researches and contributing to the development of it have made this study original and unique.
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Turkey’s National Green Building Certification System Under Energy Policy Developments","authors":"Filiz Umaroğullari, Semiha Kartal, Dinçer Aydın","doi":"10.15320/iconarp.2020.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15320/iconarp.2020.110","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s living conditions, the quality of life depends on well-managed energy. Therefore, countries produce different energy policies to manage their energy resources. Determining appropriate, feasible, and controllable energy policies becomes important especially for buildings, as being one of the most significant energy consumers. Green building certification systems (GBCSs) are one of the most common applications for energy efficiency in the building sector. Purpose This paper is a comparative analysis of GBCSs in developed and developing countries, in an effort to establish the similarities and differences between Turkey’s first national GBCS – B.E.S.T and other GBCSs, and to determine how the energy criteria in GBCSs contribute to each dimension of sustainability (i.e., environmental, economic, social). Design/Methodology/Approach The research methodology depends on the literature review and documentary review on energy-related regulations, legislation, and laws. A comparative analysis of GBCSs was conducted in the study. Not only the sub-criteria directly exist under the energy criterion, but also indirect energy criteria, which are included in the sub-criteria of all other criteria within the GBCS, were numerically evaluated with the helped of developed matrix. Findings The results show that energy credits were given the highest weight by LEED (~33%) in international GBCSs and by GRIHA (~42%) in national GBCSs. In B.E.S.T, this is ~29%. It was determined that B.E.S.T was structurally similar to LEED, while it was similar to BREEAM in terms of weight and importance given to the energy criteria. According to the developing country GBCSs, the biggest similarity is seen with GBI. In terms of SD, it is found that GBCSs present similar characteristics to their regional development level. Where a GBCS serves for a developing region, the main concerns of energy criteria focus on the intersection of its environmental and economic aspects. Thus, B.E.S.T has been created in a similar structure and the highest share (%80) on environmental-economic aspects. Research Limitations In the study, the comparison was made between selected international GBCSs like BREEAM, LEED, and DGNB and national GBCSs like GM, GBI, and GRIHA. Practical Implications In practice, the results can help owners or developers to focus on which energy criteria contribute economic, social or environmental advantage for them. Social Implications This study also provides some recommendations for further application and academic studies of B.E.S.T. Originality/Value Increasing the recognition of Turkey’s national GBCS in scientific researches and contributing to the development of it have made this study original and unique.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129301976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. X. Hien, Phung Dinh Hoat, P. Hung, Sangwook Lee, Joon-Hyung Lee, Y. Heo
Perovskite halide materials are currently attracting considerable attention owing to their superior optical and electrical properties. This study proposes a reliable process for synthesizing hybrid nanomaterials made of methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) submicron spheres and tin dioxide (SnO2) nanowires. Post-fabricated hybrid nanomaterials were investigated for NO2 sensing properties at 25°C in the dark. The effect of moisture on the NO2 sensitivity of this material was investigated. The durability of sensor components using this material was also investigated. In this paper, we also discuss the NO2 sensitivity mechanism of MASnI3/SnO2 hybrid nanomaterials in detail.
{"title":"Room-Temperature No 2 Sensor Based on a Hybrid Nanomaterial of Methylammonium Tin Iodide Submicron Spheres and Tin Dioxide Nanowires","authors":"V. X. Hien, Phung Dinh Hoat, P. Hung, Sangwook Lee, Joon-Hyung Lee, Y. Heo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3603596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3603596","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite halide materials are currently attracting considerable attention owing to their superior optical and electrical properties. This study proposes a reliable process for synthesizing hybrid nanomaterials made of methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) submicron spheres and tin dioxide (SnO2) nanowires. Post-fabricated hybrid nanomaterials were investigated for NO2 sensing properties at 25°C in the dark. The effect of moisture on the NO2 sensitivity of this material was investigated. The durability of sensor components using this material was also investigated. In this paper, we also discuss the NO2 sensitivity mechanism of MASnI3/SnO2 hybrid nanomaterials in detail.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126344585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maya K. Kini, C. Merola, B. Breitbach, Dennis Klapproth, B. Philippi, Jean-Baptiste Molin, C. Kirchlechner, G. Dehm
Abstract Wafer curvature measurements reported in literature for polycrystalline (often textured) and epitaxial fcc metal thin films on hard substrates show a characteristic “signature” in the stress-temperature evolution for either type of films. While epitaxial films reveal characteristic elastic – ideal plastic deformation with no dislocation storage and highly repeatable cycles, polycrystalline films show considerable hardening upon cooling in addition to the relaxation by diffusional creep at elevated temperatures. In the present study, we study the deformation characteristics of an electron beam deposited epitaxial nanotwinned Ag on Si (111) substrate. The twin spacing λ of the nanotwinned Ag is controlled by suitable heat treatment and the “signature” thermomechanical deformation curves by wafer curvature measurements are recorded for twin spacings varying from 20 nm to 1 μm. Further, deformation is compared to other small scale deformation studies on fcc metals such as epitaxial bicrystal films, bicrystal micropillars containing a coherent twin boundary and nanotwinned micropillars.
{"title":"Dislocation Plasticity and Detwinning Under Thermal Stresses in Nanotwinned Ag Thin Films","authors":"Maya K. Kini, C. Merola, B. Breitbach, Dennis Klapproth, B. Philippi, Jean-Baptiste Molin, C. Kirchlechner, G. Dehm","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3591844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3591844","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wafer curvature measurements reported in literature for polycrystalline (often textured) and epitaxial fcc metal thin films on hard substrates show a characteristic “signature” in the stress-temperature evolution for either type of films. While epitaxial films reveal characteristic elastic – ideal plastic deformation with no dislocation storage and highly repeatable cycles, polycrystalline films show considerable hardening upon cooling in addition to the relaxation by diffusional creep at elevated temperatures. In the present study, we study the deformation characteristics of an electron beam deposited epitaxial nanotwinned Ag on Si (111) substrate. The twin spacing λ of the nanotwinned Ag is controlled by suitable heat treatment and the “signature” thermomechanical deformation curves by wafer curvature measurements are recorded for twin spacings varying from 20 nm to 1 μm. Further, deformation is compared to other small scale deformation studies on fcc metals such as epitaxial bicrystal films, bicrystal micropillars containing a coherent twin boundary and nanotwinned micropillars.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117118801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.200021
O. Plakhtii, V. Nerubatskyi, D. Sushko, D. Hordiienko, H. Khoruzhevskyi
One of the most important parameters of multilevel inverters is the sinusoidal output voltage . There are many different modulation algorithms, which make it possible to obtain different indicators of the sinusoidal output voltage and different content of the higher harmonics. This paper reports a universal modulation algorithm, which makes it possible to obtain the shape of the output voltage of a multilevel inverter at any number of stages, optimized for the content of the higher harmonics, namely a minimum of the coefficient of harmonic distortions. The proposed algorithm enables obtaining the lowest possible THD for any level voltage. The advantage of the proposed algorithm compared to similar optimization algorithms is ensuring smaller harmonic distortions, as well as its relative simplicity. The reported algorithm is based on the amplitude modulation of the sine signal with a 25 % modulation relative to the highest discreteness. The analytical expressions have been given that make it possible to determine the time (angle) of enabling each level of the output voltage to form a minimum of the root mean square value of higher harmonics. To confirm the optimum analytic point, the MATLAB/Simulink programming environment was employed to design a series of multi-level voltage inverters, which form the five-, seven-, nine-, and eleven-level shapes of output voltage. The current study has shown that the optimum points for all shapes of multilevel voltages are achieved at the same coefficient of amplitude modulation. It has been demonstrated that the proposed modulation algorithm could also be used to control the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage in a multilevel inverter. The paper gives a control characteristic of the output voltage of a multilevel inverter at the pulse amplitude modulation
{"title":"Improving the Harmonic Composition of Output Voltage in Multilevel Inverters Under an Optimum Mode of Amplitude Modulation","authors":"O. Plakhtii, V. Nerubatskyi, D. Sushko, D. Hordiienko, H. Khoruzhevskyi","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.200021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.200021","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important parameters of multilevel inverters is the sinusoidal output voltage . There are many different modulation algorithms, which make it possible to obtain different indicators of the sinusoidal output voltage and different content of the higher harmonics. This paper reports a universal modulation algorithm, which makes it possible to obtain the shape of the output voltage of a multilevel inverter at any number of stages, optimized for the content of the higher harmonics, namely a minimum of the coefficient of harmonic distortions. The proposed algorithm enables obtaining the lowest possible THD for any level voltage. The advantage of the proposed algorithm compared to similar optimization algorithms is ensuring smaller harmonic distortions, as well as its relative simplicity. The reported algorithm is based on the amplitude modulation of the sine signal with a 25 % modulation relative to the highest discreteness. The analytical expressions have been given that make it possible to determine the time (angle) of enabling each level of the output voltage to form a minimum of the root mean square value of higher harmonics. To confirm the optimum analytic point, the MATLAB/Simulink programming environment was employed to design a series of multi-level voltage inverters, which form the five-, seven-, nine-, and eleven-level shapes of output voltage. The current study has shown that the optimum points for all shapes of multilevel voltages are achieved at the same coefficient of amplitude modulation. It has been demonstrated that the proposed modulation algorithm could also be used to control the amplitude and frequency of the output voltage in a multilevel inverter. The paper gives a control characteristic of the output voltage of a multilevel inverter at the pulse amplitude modulation","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129997482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Efficient natural gas recovery requires the development of an extensive pipeline network of gathering lines, connecting individual gas wells with processing stations and major transmission lines. Networks of gathering lines are likely to face the economic problem of double marginalization, whereby it is more expensive to run a pipe of a given length through a geographic area that is owned by multiple parties than it would be if the area were owned by a single party, ceteris paribus. Due to the economics of double marginalization, gathering lines may be placed so as to avoid paths with multiple property owners. I formalize this using a simple game theoretic model, and explore this theory empirically in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, a jurisdiction that has recently experienced a dramatic increase in natural gas production due to recent innovations in drilling. In Bradford, I observe the locations of recently drilled gas wells and, importantly, gathering lines for a single cross-section of the county taken in 2012. I combine these data with data on tax parcel boundaries in order to investigate whether the paths taken by gathering lines are influenced by parcel ownership patterns in ways consistent with the economic theory of double marginalization.
{"title":"Double Marginalization and the Paths of Natural Gas Gathering Pipelines","authors":"R. DiSalvo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3509309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3509309","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient natural gas recovery requires the development of an extensive pipeline network of gathering lines, connecting individual gas wells with processing stations and major transmission lines. Networks of gathering lines are likely to face the economic problem of double marginalization, whereby it is more expensive to run a pipe of a given length through a geographic area that is owned by multiple parties than it would be if the area were owned by a single party, ceteris paribus. Due to the economics of double marginalization, gathering lines may be placed so as to avoid paths with multiple property owners. I formalize this using a simple game theoretic model, and explore this theory empirically in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, a jurisdiction that has recently experienced a dramatic increase in natural gas production due to recent innovations in drilling. In Bradford, I observe the locations of recently drilled gas wells and, importantly, gathering lines for a single cross-section of the county taken in 2012. I combine these data with data on tax parcel boundaries in order to investigate whether the paths taken by gathering lines are influenced by parcel ownership patterns in ways consistent with the economic theory of double marginalization.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125645767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.194009
B. Pospelov, R. Meleshchenko, O. Krainiukov, K. Karpets, O. Petukhova, Yuliia Bezuhla, T. Butenko, Viktoriia Horinova, Pavlo Borodych, E. Kochanov
A method has been proposed to prevent anthropogenic emergencies caused by fire in the premises, based on using the current measure of increment recurrence in the vector of the gas environment state in order to detect possible dangers of maintenance personnel injuries and equipment destruction in the premises. The proposed measure makes it possible to monitor the dynamics of the gas environment state and to identify dangerous states caused by the emergence of fires in the premises at a facility. It has been shown that the gas environment in the premises a means for the transition of impacts from a source of ignition when danger appears in the form of a fire. We verified the proposed method using an example of detecting danger in the form of ignitions of alcohol and paper in a model chamber, which simulated a no hermetic location of an object. It has been established that the estimation of the probability of recurrence of increments in the states of the gas environment tends to increase from zero to 0.5 for alcohol and 0.6 for paper before the moment of the start of a fire. One should note that a sharp and periodic change in the probability estimate is characteristic of the growth trend in the estimation of the probability of recurrence of increments in the gas environment state. It was revealed that there is a random change of phase states corresponding to the mode of the dynamic stability in the dynamics of increments before the emergence of a danger caused by the ignition of a material. The estimate of the probability of recurrence of increments becomes close to zero when danger emerges in the form of ignition of a material. Such a situation corresponds to the loss of dynamic stability of the state of the gas environment. After that, there are the individual random recurrence points, which belong to the region of the main diagonal of the recurrence plot in the dynamics of increments. Further development of the danger under consideration leads to the chaotic nature of increments in the gas environment state. It has been shown that monitoring the dynamics of increments of the states of the gas environment makes it possible to identify the moments of the emergence of a danger caused by the ignition of materials in the premises at a facility. The above indicates the efficiency of the proposed method to prevent emergencies caused by fires at facilities by early detection of ignitions of materials based on the identification of moments when the stability of increments of the states of the gas environment in the premises is disrupted
{"title":"A Method for Preventing the Emergency Resulting From Fires in the Premises Through Operative Control Over a Gas Medium","authors":"B. Pospelov, R. Meleshchenko, O. Krainiukov, K. Karpets, O. Petukhova, Yuliia Bezuhla, T. Butenko, Viktoriia Horinova, Pavlo Borodych, E. Kochanov","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.194009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.194009","url":null,"abstract":"A method has been proposed to prevent anthropogenic emergencies caused by fire in the premises, based on using the current measure of increment recurrence in the vector of the gas environment state in order to detect possible dangers of maintenance personnel injuries and equipment destruction in the premises. The proposed measure makes it possible to monitor the dynamics of the gas environment state and to identify dangerous states caused by the emergence of fires in the premises at a facility. It has been shown that the gas environment in the premises a means for the transition of impacts from a source of ignition when danger appears in the form of a fire. We verified the proposed method using an example of detecting danger in the form of ignitions of alcohol and paper in a model chamber, which simulated a no hermetic location of an object. It has been established that the estimation of the probability of recurrence of increments in the states of the gas environment tends to increase from zero to 0.5 for alcohol and 0.6 for paper before the moment of the start of a fire. One should note that a sharp and periodic change in the probability estimate is characteristic of the growth trend in the estimation of the probability of recurrence of increments in the gas environment state. It was revealed that there is a random change of phase states corresponding to the mode of the dynamic stability in the dynamics of increments before the emergence of a danger caused by the ignition of a material. The estimate of the probability of recurrence of increments becomes close to zero when danger emerges in the form of ignition of a material. Such a situation corresponds to the loss of dynamic stability of the state of the gas environment. After that, there are the individual random recurrence points, which belong to the region of the main diagonal of the recurrence plot in the dynamics of increments. Further development of the danger under consideration leads to the chaotic nature of increments in the gas environment state. It has been shown that monitoring the dynamics of increments of the states of the gas environment makes it possible to identify the moments of the emergence of a danger caused by the ignition of materials in the premises at a facility. The above indicates the efficiency of the proposed method to prevent emergencies caused by fires at facilities by early detection of ignitions of materials based on the identification of moments when the stability of increments of the states of the gas environment in the premises is disrupted","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130435279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-19DOI: 10.20998/2074-272x.2020.1.02
Yu. M. Vaskovskyi, O. Geraskin
Purpose. Research of the TGV-200 turbogenerator rotor heating in case of rotor winding damages, which occur as a result of prolonged operation of the turbogenerator, namely - clogging of the ventilation channels of the rotor winding and the occurrence of short circuits of the rotor windings. Particular attention is paid to heating during short-term increasing of the excitation current, which is performed to keep the generator in synchronous mode of operation. Methods. Field mathematical models are used. Results. It is determined that the clogging of the rotor winding ducts has a greater effect on the rotor heating compared to the short circuits of the individual windings of the rotor winding. It was defined that increasing of the excitation current within the limits regulated by the current standards of the turbogenerators operation becomes impossible with clogging of a small number of ventilation channels of the rotor winding, which impairs the efficiency of the turbogenerator and requires its output to repair. Scientific novelty. A mathematical model of rotor heating is developed in case of typical damages of the rotor winding. Practical value. The areas in the rotor where the temperatures and temperature gradients reach the highest values was determined, which allows to recommend the locations of the optimal temperature sensors placements.
{"title":"Turbogenerator Rotor Heating in Presence of Rotor Winding Defects and Excitation Current Forcing","authors":"Yu. M. Vaskovskyi, O. Geraskin","doi":"10.20998/2074-272x.2020.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2020.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Research of the TGV-200 turbogenerator rotor heating in case of rotor winding damages, which occur as a result of prolonged operation of the turbogenerator, namely - clogging of the ventilation channels of the rotor winding and the occurrence of short circuits of the rotor windings. Particular attention is paid to heating during short-term increasing of the excitation current, which is performed to keep the generator in synchronous mode of operation. Methods. Field mathematical models are used. Results. It is determined that the clogging of the rotor winding ducts has a greater effect on the rotor heating compared to the short circuits of the individual windings of the rotor winding. It was defined that increasing of the excitation current within the limits regulated by the current standards of the turbogenerators operation becomes impossible with clogging of a small number of ventilation channels of the rotor winding, which impairs the efficiency of the turbogenerator and requires its output to repair. Scientific novelty. A mathematical model of rotor heating is developed in case of typical damages of the rotor winding. Practical value. The areas in the rotor where the temperatures and temperature gradients reach the highest values was determined, which allows to recommend the locations of the optimal temperature sensors placements.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128924211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Das, A. Mukherjee, Ishita Sinha, Arghyadeep De, Kunal Roy, A. Sirkar
The boiling point of a solution increases with the increase of non-volatile solute concentration as the vapor pressure of solvent reduces due to addition of solute in it. Thus the solution need to be heated to a higher temperature in order to get the vapor pressure to become equal to the external pressure at the boiling point. Experiment shows that the change in boiling point of the solvent above a solution from that of the pure solvent is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute. Since evaporators dealing with boiling solutions, and in particular with solutions with non-volatile solutes, any problems related with heat transfer on it must account for the effect of boiling point elevation in designing the evaporator. In this experimental studies the boiling point elevations of water due to presence of individual sodium and potassium salts like NaCl, NaOH, KCl, KNO3 as well as mixtures consisting of both NaCl & NaOH and KCl& KNO3 have been correlated to salt concentrations and solubility of the salts. The correlations are based on combination of Clasius-Clapeyran relation with Raoult’s law considering wide range of salt concentrations from 1.4 to 16 wt. %. The correlation takes care of two factors namely interaction between the salts and water common ion effect of the cations together.
{"title":"Studies on Boiling Point Elevation of Water and it’s Correlation with Salt Concentrations for Application in Evaporator Design","authors":"R. Das, A. Mukherjee, Ishita Sinha, Arghyadeep De, Kunal Roy, A. Sirkar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3717349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3717349","url":null,"abstract":"The boiling point of a solution increases with the increase of non-volatile solute concentration as the vapor pressure of solvent reduces due to addition of solute in it. Thus the solution need to be heated to a higher temperature in order to get the vapor pressure to become equal to the external pressure at the boiling point. Experiment shows that the change in boiling point of the solvent above a solution from that of the pure solvent is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solute. Since evaporators dealing with boiling solutions, and in particular with solutions with non-volatile solutes, any problems related with heat transfer on it must account for the effect of boiling point elevation in designing the evaporator. \u0000 \u0000In this experimental studies the boiling point elevations of water due to presence of individual sodium and potassium salts like NaCl, NaOH, KCl, KNO3 as well as mixtures consisting of both NaCl & NaOH and KCl& KNO3 have been correlated to salt concentrations and solubility of the salts. The correlations are based on combination of Clasius-Clapeyran relation with Raoult’s law considering wide range of salt concentrations from 1.4 to 16 wt. %. The correlation takes care of two factors namely interaction between the salts and water common ion effect of the cations together.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124064626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.34218/ijeet.10.4.2019.006
M. S. Tagueu, B. Ndzana
This article proposes a comparison of different approaches in the lighting optimization process. Beginning with the dual Fluo/LED luminaires, a neural network model is designed to represent the relationship between dimming levels of luminaires and illumination. A similar model is built with a mathematical approach and the obtained results from all these models are compared with DIALux simulation. The proposed models, implemented in a specific room, show significant energy savings according to users preference illumination. The error generated by the models is low compared to the experimental one. The proposed approach is easy to implement in a micro-controller system and is applicable in all interior building.
{"title":"Lighting Optimisation Control of Fluo/Led Systems Using Neural Network and Mathematical Model","authors":"M. S. Tagueu, B. Ndzana","doi":"10.34218/ijeet.10.4.2019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/ijeet.10.4.2019.006","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes a comparison of different approaches in the lighting optimization process. Beginning with the dual Fluo/LED luminaires, a neural network model is designed to represent the relationship between dimming levels of luminaires and illumination. A similar model is built with a mathematical approach and the obtained results from all these models are compared with DIALux simulation. The proposed models, implemented in a specific room, show significant energy savings according to users preference illumination. The error generated by the models is low compared to the experimental one. The proposed approach is easy to implement in a micro-controller system and is applicable in all interior building.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115175762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-30DOI: 10.34218/ijeet.10.4.2019.003
Neha Dahate, Dr. N. R. Bhasme
Production of fossil fuel energy is decreasing but the demand for electrical power is rapidly increasing day by day. Solar energy is used because it is clean energy, and also is abundant in nature and has a lot of scope for future development. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is an algorithm method used in power electronic circuits to extract maximum power from the solar Photo-voltaic (PV) Systems. This paper summarizes the development of a photo-voltaic solar system based techniques like Incremental conductance, Fractional open-circuit voltage, Perturb and observe, Fractional short-circuit current and Fuzzy logic that improves accuracy, stability, and efficiency of PV systems.
{"title":"Review on MPPT Techniques Used in PV System","authors":"Neha Dahate, Dr. N. R. Bhasme","doi":"10.34218/ijeet.10.4.2019.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/ijeet.10.4.2019.003","url":null,"abstract":"Production of fossil fuel energy is decreasing but the demand for electrical power is rapidly increasing day by day. Solar energy is used because it is clean energy, and also is abundant in nature and has a lot of scope for future development. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is an algorithm method used in power electronic circuits to extract maximum power from the solar Photo-voltaic (PV) Systems. This paper summarizes the development of a photo-voltaic solar system based techniques like Incremental conductance, Fractional open-circuit voltage, Perturb and observe, Fractional short-circuit current and Fuzzy logic that improves accuracy, stability, and efficiency of PV systems.","PeriodicalId":337638,"journal":{"name":"EngRN: Materials in Energy (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132290987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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