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YouNICon: YouTube’s CommuNIty of Conspiracy Videos youicon: YouTube的阴谋视频社区
Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v17i1.22218
Shao Yi Liaw, Fan Huang, Fabricio Benevenuto, Haewoon Kwak, Jisun An
Conspiracy theories are widely propagated on social media. Among various social media services, YouTube is one of the most influential sources of news and entertainment. This paper seeks to develop a dataset, YOUNICON, to enable researchers to perform conspiracy theory detection as well as classification of videos with conspiracy theories into different topics. YOUNICON is a dataset with a large collection of videos from suspicious channels that were identified to contain conspiracy theories in a previous study. Overall, YOUNICON will enable researchers to study trends in conspiracy theories and understand how individuals can interact with the conspiracy theory producing community or channel. Our data is available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7466262.
阴谋论在社交媒体上被广泛传播。在各种社交媒体服务中,YouTube是最具影响力的新闻和娱乐来源之一。本文试图开发一个数据集,YOUNICON,使研究人员能够进行阴谋论检测以及将阴谋论视频分类为不同的主题。YOUNICON是一个数据集,其中收集了大量来自可疑频道的视频,这些视频在之前的一项研究中被认定包含阴谋论。总体而言,YOUNICON将使研究人员能够研究阴谋论的趋势,并了解个人如何与阴谋论生产社区或频道互动。我们的数据可在https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7466262上获得。
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引用次数: 0
Unique in What Sense? Heterogeneous Relationships between Multiple Types of Uniqueness and Popularity in Music 什么意义上的独特?音乐多类型独特性与流行性的异质关系
Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v17i1.22199
Yulin Yu, Pui Yin Cheung, Yong-Yeol Ahn, Paramveer S. Dhillon
How does our society appreciate the uniqueness of cultural products? This fundamental puzzle has intrigued scholars in many fields, including psychology, sociology, anthropology, and marketing. It has been theorized that cultural products that balance familiarity and novelty are more likely to become popular. However, a cultural product's novelty is typically multifaceted. This paper uses songs as a case study to study the multiple facets of uniqueness and their relationship with success. We first unpack the multiple facets of a song's novelty or uniqueness and, next, measure its impact on a song's popularity. We employ a series of statistical models to study the relationship between a song's popularity and novelty associated with its lyrics, chord progressions, or audio properties. Our analyses performed on a dataset of over fifty thousand songs find a consistently negative association between all types of song novelty and popularity. Overall we found a song's lyrics uniqueness to have the most significant association with its popularity. However, audio uniqueness was the strongest predictor of a song's popularity, conditional on the song's genre. We further found the theme and repetitiveness of a song's lyrics to mediate the relationship between the song's popularity and novelty. Broadly, our results contradict the "optimal distinctiveness theory'' (balance between novelty and familiarity) and call for an investigation into the multiple dimensions along which a cultural product's uniqueness could manifest.
我们的社会如何欣赏文化产品的独特性?这个基本的谜题引起了许多领域的学者的兴趣,包括心理学、社会学、人类学和市场营销。从理论上讲,平衡熟悉度和新颖性的文化产品更有可能受到欢迎。然而,文化产品的新颖性通常是多方面的。本文以歌曲为个案研究对象,从多方面探讨独特性及其与成功的关系。我们首先从多个方面分析歌曲的新颖性或独特性,然后衡量其对歌曲受欢迎程度的影响。我们采用了一系列的统计模型来研究歌曲的受欢迎程度和与歌词、和弦进行或音频属性相关的新颖性之间的关系。我们对超过5万首歌曲的数据集进行了分析,发现所有类型的歌曲的新颖性和受欢迎程度之间始终存在负相关。总的来说,我们发现一首歌曲的歌词独特性与其受欢迎程度有着最显著的联系。然而,音频的独特性是歌曲受欢迎程度的最强预测指标,这取决于歌曲的类型。我们进一步发现歌曲歌词的主题和重复可以调解歌曲的受欢迎程度和新颖性之间的关系。总的来说,我们的结果与“最优独特性理论”(新颖性和熟悉性之间的平衡)相矛盾,并呼吁对文化产品的独特性可能体现的多个维度进行调查。
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引用次数: 0
Finding Qs: Profiling QAnon Supporters on Parler 发现q:分析QAnon在Parler上的支持者
Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v17i1.22124
Dominik Bär, Nicolas Pröllochs, Stefan Feuerriegel
The social media platform "Parler'' has emerged into a prominent fringe community where a significant part of the user base are self-reported supporters of QAnon, a far-right conspiracy theory alleging that a cabal of elites controls global politics. QAnon is considered to have had an influential role in the public discourse during the 2020 U.S. presidential election. However, little is known about QAnon supporters on Parler and what sets them aside from other users. Building up on social identity theory, we aim to profile the characteristics of QAnon supporters on Parler. We analyze a large-scale dataset with more than 600,000 profiles of English-speaking users on Parler. Based on users' profiles, posts, and comments, we then extract a comprehensive set of user features, linguistic features, network features, and content features. This allows us to perform user profiling and understand to what extent these features discriminate between QAnon and non-QAnon supporters on Parler. Our analysis is three-fold: (1) We quantify the number of QAnon supporters on Parler, finding that 34,913 users (5.5% of all users) openly report supporting the conspiracy. (2) We examine differences between QAnon vs. non-QAnon supporters. We find that QAnon supporters differ statistically significantly from non-QAnon supporters across multiple dimensions. For example, they have, on average, a larger number of followers, followees, and posts, and thus have a large impact on the Parler network. (3) We use machine learning to identify which user characteristics discriminate QAnon from non-QAnon supporters. We find that user features, linguistic features, network features, and content features, can - to a large extent - discriminate QAnon vs. non-QAnon supporters on Parler. In particular, we find that user features are highly discriminatory, followed by content features and linguistic features.
社交媒体平台“Parler”已经成为一个突出的边缘社区,其中很大一部分用户自称是QAnon的支持者,QAnon是一个极右翼阴谋论,声称精英集团控制着全球政治。QAnon被认为在2020年美国总统选举期间的公共话语中发挥了重要作用。然而,人们对Parler上的QAnon支持者知之甚少,也不知道他们与其他用户的区别。在社会认同理论的基础上,我们试图对帕勒尔的QAnon支持者的特征进行分析。我们分析了Parler上超过60万英语用户的大型数据集。然后,根据用户的个人资料、帖子和评论,我们提取了一套全面的用户特征、语言特征、网络特征和内容特征。这使我们能够执行用户分析,并了解这些功能在多大程度上区分了Parler上QAnon和非QAnon支持者。我们的分析有三个方面:(1)我们量化了Parler上QAnon支持者的数量,发现34,913名用户(占所有用户的5.5%)公开报告支持阴谋。(2)我们研究了QAnon与非QAnon支持者之间的差异。我们发现QAnon的支持者与非QAnon的支持者在多个维度上有统计学上的显著差异。例如,他们平均有更多的追随者、跟随者和帖子,因此对Parler网络有很大的影响。(3)我们使用机器学习来识别哪些用户特征将QAnon与非QAnon支持者区分开来。我们发现,在很大程度上,用户特征、语言特征、网络特征和内容特征可以在Parler上区分QAnon和非QAnon支持者。特别是,我们发现用户特征具有高度歧视性,其次是内容特征和语言特征。
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引用次数: 1
BotBuster: Multi-Platform Bot Detection Using a Mixture of Experts BotBuster:使用混合专家的多平台僵尸检测
Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v17i1.22179
Lynnette Hui Xian Ng, Kathleen M. Carley
Despite rapid development, current bot detection models still face challenges in dealing with incomplete data and cross-platform applications. In this paper, we propose BotBuster, a social bot detector built with the concept of a mixture of experts approach. Each expert is trained to analyze a portion of account information, e.g. username, and are combined to estimate the probability that the account is a bot. Experiments on 10 Twitter datasets show that BotBuster outperforms popular bot-detection baselines (avg F1=73.54 vs avg F1=45.12). This is accompanied with F1=60.04 on a Reddit dataset and F1=60.92 on an external evaluation set. Further analysis shows that only 36 posts is required for a stable bot classification. Investigation shows that bot post features have changed across the years and can be difficult to differentiate from human features, making bot detection a difficult and ongoing problem.
尽管发展迅速,但目前的机器人检测模型在处理不完整数据和跨平台应用方面仍然面临挑战。在本文中,我们提出BotBuster,一个基于混合专家方法的概念构建的社交机器人检测器。每个专家都经过培训,可以分析一部分帐户信息,例如用户名,并结合起来估计该帐户是机器人的概率。在10个Twitter数据集上的实验表明,BotBuster优于流行的机器人检测基线(avg F1=73.54 vs avg F1=45.12)。在Reddit数据集上F1=60.04,在外部评估集上F1=60.92。进一步分析表明,稳定的bot分类只需要36个帖子。调查显示,多年来,机器人帖子的特征已经发生了变化,很难与人类特征区分开来,这使得机器人检测成为一个困难且持续存在的问题。
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引用次数: 1
Exploring Social Media Scenarios for the Television 探索电视的社交媒体场景
Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18604
Noor F. Ali-Hasan
The use of social technologies is becoming ubiquitous in the lives of average computer users. However, social media has yet to infiltrate users' television experiences. This paper presents the findings of an exploratory study examining social scenarios for TV. Eleven participants took part in the three-part study that included in-home field visits, a diary study of participants' daily usage of TV and social media, and participatory design sessions. During the participatory design sessions, participants evaluated and discussed several paper wireframes of potential social TV applications. Overall, participants responded to most social TV concepts with excitement and enthusiasm, but were leery of scenarios that they felt violated their privacy.
社交技术的使用在普通计算机用户的生活中变得无处不在。然而,社交媒体尚未渗透到用户的电视体验中。本文介绍了一项关于电视社交场景的探索性研究的结果。11名参与者参加了这项由三部分组成的研究,其中包括家庭实地考察,参与者每天使用电视和社交媒体的日记研究,以及参与式设计会议。在参与设计会议上,参与者评估和讨论了几个潜在的社会电视应用的纸线框图。总的来说,参与者对大多数社交电视概念的反应是兴奋和热情的,但对他们认为侵犯隐私的场景持怀疑态度。
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引用次数: 5
Polling the Blogosphere: A Rule-Based Approach to Belief Classification 轮询博客圈:基于规则的信念分类方法
Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18619
Jason S Kessler
The research described here is part of a larger project with the objective of determining if a writer believes a proposition to be true or false. This task requires a deep understanding of a proposition's semantic context, which is far beyond NLP's state of the art. In light of this difficulty, this paper presents a shallow semantic framework that addresses the sub-problem of finding a proposition's truth-value at the sentence level. The framework consists of several classes of linguistic elements that, when linked to a proposition through specific lexico-syntactic connectors, change its truth-value. A pilot evaluation of a system implementing this framework yields promising results.
这里描述的研究是一个更大项目的一部分,目的是确定作者是否相信一个命题是真的或假的。这项任务需要对命题的语义上下文有深刻的理解,这远远超出了NLP的技术水平。鉴于这一困难,本文提出了一个浅语义框架,解决了在句子层面上寻找命题真值的子问题。该框架由几类语言元素组成,当这些语言元素通过特定的词典句法连接器与命题联系起来时,就会改变命题的真值。对实施该框架的系统的试点评估产生了有希望的结果。
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引用次数: 9
Communicative Informatics: A Social Media Perspective for Online Communities 交际信息学:在线社区的社会媒体视角
Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18642
Linda M. Gallant, Gloria M. Boone
Individuals are active audience members that use Internet-based social media technologies to create and negotiate social action in online spaces. Communicative informatics is the key to constructing, describing or critiquing social media. Communicative informatics is the discovery of the audience, text/image, technology, negotiated place relationships that create symbolic meaning. Four propositions focus on the communication of the audience: 1) the audience is active; 2) the audience is creative; 3) the audience interacts with technology and 4) place is negotiated in online communication.
个人是活跃的受众成员,他们使用基于互联网的社会媒体技术在网络空间中创造和协商社会行动。交际信息学是构建、描述或批判社交媒体的关键。交际信息学是对创造符号意义的受众、文本/图像、技术、协商场所关系的发现。四种主张侧重于受众的传播:1)受众是活跃的;2)受众具有创造性;3)观众与技术互动;4)在网络交流中协商地点。
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引用次数: 3
Link-PLSA-LDA: A New Unsupervised Model for Topics and Influence of Blogs 链接- plsa - lda:一个新的博客主题和影响的无监督模型
Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18621
Ramesh Nallapati, William W. Cohen
In this work, we address the twin problems of unsupervised topic discovery and estimation of topic specific influence of blogs. We propose a new model that can be used to provide a user with highly influential blog postings on the topic of the user's interest. We adopt the framework of an unsupervised model called Latent Dirichlet Allocation, known for its effectiveness in topic discovery. An extension of this model, which we call Link-LDA, defines a generative model for hyperlinks and thereby models topic specific influence of documents, the problem of our interest. However, this model does not exploit the topical relationship between the documents on either side of a hyperlink, i.e., the notion that documents tend to link to other documents on the same topic. We propose a new model, called Link-PLSA-LDA, that combines PLSA and LDA into a single framework, and explicitly models the topical relationship between the linking and the linked document. The output of the new model on blog data reveals very interesting visualizations of topics and influential blogs on each topic. We also perform quantitative evaluation of the model using log-likelihood of unseen data and on the task of link prediction. Both experiments show that that the new model performs better, suggesting its superiority over Link-LDA in modeling topics and topic specific influence of blogs.
在这项工作中,我们解决了博客的无监督主题发现和主题特定影响估计的双重问题。我们提出了一种新的模型,可以用来为用户提供关于用户感兴趣的话题的极具影响力的博客文章。我们采用了一种被称为潜在狄利克雷分配的无监督模型框架,该模型以其在主题发现方面的有效性而闻名。这个模型的扩展,我们称之为Link-LDA,为超链接定义了一个生成模型,从而为文档的特定主题影响建模,这是我们感兴趣的问题。但是,该模型没有利用超链接两侧文档之间的主题关系,即文档倾向于链接到同一主题的其他文档的概念。我们提出了一个新的模型,称为链接-PLSA-LDA,它将PLSA和LDA结合到一个框架中,并明确地模拟了链接和被链接文档之间的主题关系。新模型对博客数据的输出显示了非常有趣的主题可视化和每个主题上有影响力的博客。我们还使用未见数据的对数似然和链路预测任务对模型进行定量评估。两个实验都表明,新模型表现更好,表明其在主题建模和博客主题特定影响方面优于Link-LDA。
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引用次数: 145
Some Users Pack a Wallop: Measuring the Impact of Core Users on the Participation of Others in Online Social Systems 某些用户的影响力:衡量核心用户对在线社交系统中其他人参与的影响
Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18652
Thomas M. Lento, Eric Gleave, Marc A. Smith, Howard T. Welser
This study investigates how heavily active contributors affect recruitment and retention in online social systems. We find that core enthusiasts are more successful recruiters, their recruits are more likely to become enthusiasts, and interacting with enthusiasts makes users less likely to exit the system. We also find evidence that strong dyadic ties between non-enthusiasts help extend active careers in online social systems. Implications include considerations for community growth and retention based on the influence of these core users.
本研究探讨了活跃贡献者如何影响在线社交系统的招聘和保留。我们发现,核心发烧友是更成功的招募者,他们招募的人更有可能成为发烧友,与发烧友的互动使得用户退出系统的可能性更小。我们还发现,有证据表明,非爱好者之间强大的二元关系有助于扩展在线社交系统中的活跃职业。根据这些核心用户的影响,我们需要考虑社区的发展和留存率。
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引用次数: 0
iBlogVis: An Interactive Blog Visualization Tool 一个交互式博客可视化工具
Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v2i1.18645
Indratmo, Julita Vassileva
We developed and evaluated a visualization tool for browsing individual blog archives. In our study, we solicited qualitative feedback from the participants to explore the reasons behind their usability ratings. This feedback reveals factors that are deemed important in selecting entries to read, and adds to the understanding of blogging practices. Based on our analysis, we propose two design principles to complement the current blog interfaces: (1) A blog should provide a rich overview of its content to ease information exploration; and (2) A blog should utilize social interaction history to help users find potentially useful entries.
我们开发并评估了一个浏览个人博客档案的可视化工具。在我们的研究中,我们征求了参与者的定性反馈,以探索他们可用性评级背后的原因。这些反馈揭示了在选择要阅读的条目时被认为是重要的因素,并增加了对博客实践的理解。基于我们的分析,我们提出了两个设计原则来补充当前的博客界面:(1)博客应该提供丰富的内容概述,以方便信息探索;(2)博客应该利用社会互动历史来帮助用户找到可能有用的条目。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media
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