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Are digital financial payments constrained by the country's income: Evidence from the Global Findex database 数字金融支付是否受到国家收入的限制:来自全球Findex数据库的证据
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub2146115a
Marija Antonijević, Isidora Ljumović, Velimir Lukić
The combined effect of ICT improvement, digitalization and change in clients' habits lead to changes in the financial sector worldwide. Increased use of digital financial services (DFS) is a change that might help to increase financial inclusion, which is particularly important for developing countries. As income is considered a critical driver of digital payments, this study aims to determine whether there is a linear relationship between a country's income measured by the level of Gross National Income per capita (GNI p.c.) and the use of digital payment services, i.e., making and receiving digital payments. We used data from the Global Findex and World Bank databases for 2017 to conduct the research, which covered 141 countries. The presence of a linear relationship between the level of GNI p.c. and the use of digital payments was tested using correlation analysis. The results of the correlation analysis show that there is a significant strong positive linear relationship between the level of GNI p.c. and the use of digital payment services in both segments, i.e., making and receiving payments. Findings are consistent with previous research and confirmed the important role of income as a driver of the use of DFS.
信息通信技术的改进、数字化和客户习惯变化的综合影响导致了全球金融行业的变化。增加数字金融服务(DFS)的使用可能有助于增加金融包容性,这对发展中国家尤其重要。由于收入被认为是数字支付的关键驱动因素,本研究旨在确定以人均国民总收入(GNI p.c.)水平衡量的国家收入与数字支付服务(即进行和接收数字支付)的使用之间是否存在线性关系。我们使用了2017年全球金融包容性指数和世界银行数据库的数据进行研究,涵盖了141个国家。国民总收入水平与数字支付的使用之间存在线性关系,使用相关分析进行了测试。相关分析结果表明,国民总收入水平与数字支付服务的使用(即支付和接收)之间存在显著的强正线性关系。研究结果与之前的研究一致,并证实了收入在使用DFS方面的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Intention to study digital marketing in the context of expected quality of a study program 在期望学习项目质量的背景下学习数字营销的意向
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub2146035d
Ines Đokić, Nikola Milićević, Nenad Đokić
Measuring the quality in higher education can be performed on a more general level, usually by adjusting the instruments for measuring the quality of services in general, or through instruments that are related most directly to the study program. In any case, in methodological terms, one should keep in mind the relevant scientific knowledge regarding the treatment of a model that describes the relations of quality and its dimensions. In addition to appropriate theoretical observations, a primary marketing research was conducted in this paper, in order to determine whether and to what extent the expected quality of the study program affects the intention to enroll in it. In this particular case, students of the Faculty of Economics in Subotica (n = 89) evaluated (in June 2021) the expected quality of the master study program Digital Marketing (which is to start at this faculty in the forthcoming academic) and expressed their intentions to enroll in that program. Structural equation modeling was used. The results indicate that the expected quality positively and statistically significantly affects the intention to study the study program. The construct of the expected quality itself is statistically significantly formed by the dimensions of quality in the following order (according to the strength of the impact): Generic Skills, Good Teaching, Clear Goals and Standards, Appropriate Workload, and Appropriate Assessment.
衡量高等教育的质量可以在更普遍的层面上进行,通常是通过调整衡量一般服务质量的工具,或者通过与学习计划最直接相关的工具。在任何情况下,从方法论的角度来说,我们都应该记住处理描述质量及其维度关系的模型的相关科学知识。除了适当的理论观察外,本文还进行了初步的营销研究,以确定学习计划的预期质量是否以及在多大程度上影响了报名参加该计划的意图。在这个特殊的案例中,苏博蒂察经济学院的学生(n = 89)(在2021年6月)评估了硕士学习课程数字营销的预期质量(该课程将在即将到来的学术课程中在该学院开始),并表达了他们参加该课程的意图。采用结构方程建模。结果表明,期望质量对学习计划的意向有显著的正向影响。期望质量本身的结构在统计上显著地由质量维度按照以下顺序(根据影响的强度)形成:通用技能、良好教学、明确的目标和标准、适当的工作量和适当的评估。
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引用次数: 0
Empirical study of savings through life insurance in the Republic of Serbia 塞尔维亚共和国人寿保险储蓄的实证研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub2146089l
Marija Lukic, Tatjana Piljan, Almir Muhović
Life is a natural course, full of uncertainty and temptation of every human being. In order to make our lives more peaceful and have a more peaceful future, we are trying in various ways to secure ourselves and make our lives safer. Savings through insurance is a life-saving type of savings that involves the material protection of an individual against the risk of premature death and loss or loss of ability to earn money. In conditions where the solidarity-based pension system is unsustainable, it is necessary to develop voluntary pension insurance and savings through life insurance, as sources of long-term savings and additional sources of financing. The subject of this research is to answer the question of what people think about saving through life insurance. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the attitude of the residents of the Republic of Serbia towards saving through life insurance. The survey was conducted on the territory of the entire Republic of Serbia, on a suitable sample of 500 respondents. Through this paper, the citizens' attitude towards saving through life insurance in the Republic of Serbia is analyzed in one place. By analyzing the data from the survey, we can conclude that the general hypothesis is confirmed: Residents are not satisfied with the current state of savings through life insurance in the Republic of Serbia.
生活是一个自然的过程,对每个人来说都充满了不确定性和诱惑。为了使我们的生活更和平,有一个更和平的未来,我们正试图以各种方式保护自己,使我们的生活更安全。保险储蓄是一种拯救生命的储蓄方式,它为个人提供物质保护,使其免受过早死亡和丧失或丧失赚钱能力的风险。在以团结为基础的养恤金制度不可持续的情况下,有必要通过人寿保险发展自愿养恤金保险和储蓄,作为长期储蓄的来源和额外的资金来源。这项研究的主题是回答人们如何看待通过人寿保险储蓄的问题。本研究的主要目的是评估塞尔维亚共和国居民对通过人寿保险储蓄的态度。这项调查是在整个塞尔维亚共和国境内进行的,选取了500名适当的答复者作为抽样。本文通过对塞尔维亚共和国公民通过人寿保险进行储蓄的态度进行一地分析。通过对调查数据的分析,我们可以得出结论,一般假设得到了证实:塞尔维亚共和国居民对通过人寿保险储蓄的现状并不满意。
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引用次数: 0
Openness of companies in Serbia to creativity, new ideas and innovation 塞尔维亚公司对创意、新想法和创新的开放态度
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub2146021m
Vuk Miletić, N. Ćurčić, Z. Kostić
The subject of research in this paper is the analysis of openness of companies operating in Serbia to creativity, recognition of new ideas and innovations regardless of size, time period of their operation and the level at which they operate. In conditions of strong competition innovating new categories of products/services is an imperative for the survival of the company, as the number of customers in the world who seek innovation in consumption is growing. The research was conducted based on a specially designed questionnaire on a sample of one hundred and thirty-six companies. The initial assumption is that the inadequate commitment of companies to create innovation causes poor competitiveness in both the national and international markets. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the selected characteristics-the level of openness of the company to entrepreneurship and innovation; identification of the importance of employees in the company as indicators of inventiveness and new ideas; and identifying opportunities and additional initiatives that come from outside the company and are important for the lasting survival of their business in the market. The results of the research show the openness of the company to creativity and new ideas that use the function of permanent survival of the company in the market significantly. In this research, the method of comparative statistics, the hypothetical-deductive method, the analytical-deductive and comparative method, and the historical and statistical-descriptive method were used.
本文的研究主题是分析在塞尔维亚经营的公司对创造力的开放程度,对新想法和创新的认可,无论其规模、经营时间和经营水平如何。在激烈的竞争条件下,创新产品/服务的新类别是公司生存的必要条件,因为世界上寻求消费创新的客户数量正在增长。这项研究是根据一份特别设计的问卷调查136家公司的样本进行的。最初的假设是,企业创造创新的承诺不足,导致其在国内和国际市场上的竞争力低下。研究的目的是评估选定的特征——公司对创业和创新的开放程度;认识到员工在公司中作为创造性和新想法指标的重要性;并识别来自公司外部的机会和额外的主动性,这对他们的业务在市场上的持久生存很重要。研究结果表明,公司对创意和新想法的开放程度对公司在市场上的永久生存功能有显著的影响。本研究采用比较统计学方法、假设-演绎法、分析-演绎-比较法、历史-统计-描述法。
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引用次数: 2
Financial literacy and the use of financial services in Serbia 塞尔维亚的金融知识和金融服务的使用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub2146105b
Slađana Barjaktarović-Rakočević, N. Rakić, Marina Ignjatović, Milica Stevanović
Financial services industry has always drawn a lot of attention, from possible investors, those who need financing, the government and general public. Globally, financial opportunities are becoming more attractive, but also more complex. The goal of this study is to analyze the use of financial services in Serbia. We argue that financial education and literacy are preconditions for the use of financial opportunities. Research has shown that people in Serbia are not well informed about how to make sound financial decisions. The reasons why people in Serbia do not use financial products requires to a greater extent and services special attention. In order to test the differences between people in terms of how well informed they are and which services they use and why, we conducted a survey. Our results show that people with salaries higher than 100,000 RSD are well informed but not motivated to invest. Individuals with middle income do not have enough trust and think that they are not well informed about different opportunities. Additionally, we found that men are better informed than women. This paper aims to provide an overview of the use of financial services in Serbia in order to improve financial decision-making processes and understand the different financial opportunities.
金融服务业一直备受关注,无论是潜在投资者、融资需求者、政府还是公众。在全球范围内,金融机会正变得越来越有吸引力,但也越来越复杂。本研究的目的是分析塞尔维亚金融服务的使用情况。我们认为,金融教育和素养是利用金融机会的先决条件。研究表明,塞尔维亚人不太了解如何做出合理的财务决策。塞尔维亚人不使用金融产品的原因在更大程度上需要特别关注和服务。为了测试人们在信息灵通程度、使用哪些服务及其原因方面的差异,我们进行了一项调查。我们的研究结果显示,工资高于100,000 RSD的人消息灵通,但没有投资的动力。中等收入的个人缺乏足够的信任,认为自己对不同的机会了解不够。此外,我们发现男性比女性更了解情况。本文旨在提供在塞尔维亚使用金融服务的概述,以改善财务决策过程和了解不同的金融机会。
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引用次数: 1
An assessment of the effects and influences of the concept of entrepreneurial learning in Serbia 对塞尔维亚创业学习概念的效果和影响的评估
Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.5937/ANEKSUB2044049M
Marija Marčetić, Gordana Prlinčević, Biljana Grujić-Vučkovski
It is difficult to estimate the quantity and quality of the necessary entrepreneurial knowledge and assess the effects of such entrepreneurship education, i.e. whether it has met the set criteria sufficiently. Empirical practice lacks empirical studies that would base the competences of entrepreneurial learning upon the direct assessment of learning outcomes, the outcomes related to the knowledge of opportunities for professional orientation and the knowledge of the business environment, the created framework picture of entrepreneurship, employment opportunities and obstacles. In this paper, the direct effect of entrepreneurial learning in a secondary-education and a higher-education institution of the economic path was estimated through a qualitative approach, after the established conceptual framework and furthermore through the respondents' answers to the survey questions. Therefore, a contribution was made by making a step forward in the evaluation of entrepreneurial learning through a direct assessment of the raised awareness of entrepreneurship. The indirect indicators used were the gender and the education level, i.e. the difference in the respondents' answers according to their respective gender and the school they are attending (secondary school or vocational school). The obtained results assess the level of the respondents' basic entrepreneurial culture and their knowledge, as well as entrepreneurial preferences.
很难估计必要的创业知识的数量和质量,也很难评估这种创业教育的效果,即它是否充分满足了设定的标准。实证实践缺乏将创业学习能力建立在直接评估学习成果、与专业定位机会知识和商业环境知识相关的成果、创建的创业框架图、就业机会和障碍的实证研究。本文在建立概念框架后,通过定性方法,并通过受访者对调查问题的回答,估计了中等教育和高等教育机构的创业学习对经济路径的直接影响。因此,通过对提高的创业意识的直接评价,在评价创业学习方面向前迈出了一步,作出了贡献。使用的间接指标是性别和教育水平,即受访者根据各自性别和所就读学校(中学或职业学校)的回答差异。所得结果评估了受访者的基本创业文化和知识水平,以及创业偏好。
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引用次数: 2
Correction: Influence of digital banking channels on the number of branches in European Union countries and Serbia (Vol. 56, No. 43, 2020) 更正:数字银行渠道对欧盟国家和塞尔维亚分行数量的影响(2020年第56卷第43期)
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub2044133e
Board Editorial
In the paper "Influence of digital banking channels on the number of branches in the European Union and Serbia" by Maja Putica, published in no. 43 (year 56) of the journal Annals of the Faculty of Economics in Subotica, on page 74, a wrong table was unintentionally published due to technical error, and on this occasion we apologize to the author and the readers. With the author's consent, in this issue we publish the corrected page of the text and Table 2, which was originally supposed to be published on page 74.
Maja Putica的论文《数字银行渠道对欧盟和塞尔维亚分支机构数量的影响》发表于2011年11月。《苏博蒂察经济学院年鉴》第43期(56年)第74页,由于技术错误,无意中发表了一个错误的表格,在此我们向作者和读者道歉。经作者同意,我们在本期中刊登了原计划发表在74页的文本和表2的更正页。
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引用次数: 0
Support to the economic development of Vojvodina from Hungary 匈牙利对伏伊伏丁那省经济发展的支持
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ANEKSUB1941003G
Iren Gabrić-Molnar, Kovács Teréz
In accordance with the provincial economic developmental program, the Hungarian community in Vojvodina assembled an economic developmental strategy in 2015, which not only coordinates with the objectives of the Serbian Government, but also with that of the Hungarian Government, to be specific to provide financial support to the region. The present study introduces how financial support was realized in the time period of 2016-2018. As a source for data collection, in-depth interviews were conducted and data provided by the Prosperitati Foundation, which coordinates the financial resources from Hungary, was also considered. The Prosperitati Foundation was in contact with the applicants/competitors, realized the process of evaluation, signed the contract, transferred the sum of financial support as well as oversaw the process of control. According to the basic idea of the program, only entrepreneurs with dual-citizenship (Serbian and Hungarian) could apply for the financial support, mostly farmers and small-sized entrepreneurs. In case of successful application, during the first period of the program, entrepreneurs could receive a maximum amount of 1 million RSD. The own share was 20%, and pre-financing was established. Along the huge amount of interest, the output of the three years is more than 10.000 supported entrepreneurs/farmers, several hundred hectares of purchased land, several hundreds of rural houses and financial assistance of 250 million EUR. The main objective of the Hungarian Government was to support the middle and lower-middle class of Hungarians in Vojvodina. In the second phase of the program, along the small-sum subsidies large capital investments and technological developments were initiated for the purpose of establishing more workplaces.
根据省经济发展计划,伏伊伏丁那的匈牙利社区在2015年制定了一项经济发展战略,该战略不仅与塞尔维亚政府的目标相协调,而且与匈牙利政府的目标相协调,特别是为该地区提供财政支持。本研究介绍了2016-2018年期间财政支持的实现情况。作为数据收集的来源,进行了深入的访谈,并考虑了协调匈牙利财政资源的普洛斯彼利塔蒂基金会提供的数据。普洛斯彼利塔蒂基金会与申请人/竞争者联系,了解评估过程,签署合同,转移资金支持金额,并监督控制过程。根据该计划的基本理念,只有拥有双重国籍(塞尔维亚和匈牙利)的企业家才能申请财政支持,主要是农民和小型企业家。如果成功申请,在该计划的第一阶段,企业家可以获得最高100万卢比的金额。自有份额为20%,并建立了前期融资。伴随着巨额的利息,三年的产出是支持的企业家/农民超过10,000人,购买了数百公顷的土地,数百所农村房屋和2.5亿欧元的财政援助。匈牙利政府的主要目标是支持伏伊伏丁那的匈牙利人的中下中产阶级。在该方案的第二阶段,除了小额补贴外,还启动了大型资本投资和技术开发,目的是建立更多的工作场所。
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引用次数: 2
Green jobs: Potential for employment in the Republic of Serbia 绿色就业:塞尔维亚共和国的就业潜力
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/ANEKSUB1941115V
Simonida Vukadinović, Jelena Ješić
This paper puts emphasis not only on employment problems but also on perspective of increasing employment rate in the Republic of Serbia (Serbia) in the field of circular economy. Circular economy, the 21 century concept and model, is a great chance for making employment rate higher, as well as for ecological protection and budget savings. This topic is very important for the Republic of Serbia (Serbia), candidate for the European Union (EU), and in that context greening economy is obligatory. What is one of the key measures for increasing of (green) employment is the state aid for training of employees, and strategic approach in that sense.
本文不仅着重分析了塞尔维亚共和国在循环经济领域的就业问题,还从提高就业率的角度进行了探讨。循环经济是21世纪的理念和模式,是提高就业率、保护生态、节约预算的大好机会。这个话题对于欧盟候选国塞尔维亚共和国来说非常重要,在这个背景下,绿色经济是必须的。增加(绿色)就业的关键措施之一是国家对员工培训的援助,这是一种战略方法。
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引用次数: 8
The development of social entrepreneurship and the perspective of its further affirmation in the overall development of Serbia 社会企业家精神的发展前景及其在塞尔维亚整体发展中的进一步肯定
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/aneksub1942081m
J. Mitrovic, V. Mitrović
The model of social economy in Europe is expanding and gaining momentum, and can thus be considered as one of the pillars of European integration project. The holders of this economy are various actors who, individually or jointly, create associations, organizations, cooperatives or enterprises that will satisfy the needs of target social groups or communities. The paper explains the essence of social entrepreneurship and follows its development and role in the economy life of Serbia. Several examples of social enterprises are given, who provide social services in innovative ways, solve the problems of marginalized groups, environment protection, as well as the ways of organizing new business models within the model of franchise integration. In a separate part, incentive developmental factors as well as limitations following the development of social entrepreneurship are identified. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of social entrepreneurship, with the aim of its further affirmation in Serbia, the measures that economic, social and political decision makers should implement are given.
欧洲的社会经济模式正在扩大和发展,因此可以被认为是欧洲一体化项目的支柱之一。这种经济的所有者是各种行动者,他们单独或共同创建协会、组织、合作社或企业,以满足目标社会群体或社区的需要。本文阐述了社会企业家精神的本质,并介绍了社会企业家精神在塞尔维亚经济生活中的发展和作用。以社会企业为例,以创新的方式提供社会服务,解决边缘群体、环境保护等问题,以及在特许经营整合模式下组织新商业模式的方式。在另一部分,社会企业家精神的激励发展因素和局限性的发展进行了识别。最后,在分析社会企业家精神的基础上,提出了经济、社会和政治决策者应采取的措施,以期进一步肯定塞尔维亚的社会企业家精神。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
Anali Ekonomskog fakulteta u Subotici
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