Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.31670
Asmita Shrestha, S. Shrestha
Introduction: Knowledge regarding and attitude towards end-of-life care can shape the behaviour and actions of a health professional in provision of supportive care for the comfort of the patients as well as their family members. Very little is known about nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge of and attitude towards DNR order and relationship between knowledge and attitude towards DNR order among the nurses of a tertiary level hospital. Methods: Descriptive correlation design was used. Convenient sampling method was used to select 70 nurses from a tertiary level hospital. Data were collected using pretested self administered structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Among 70 respondents, almost all (95.7%) of the respondents had good level of knowledge, 2.9% had fair and 1.4% had poor level of knowledge. Most (80.0%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards DNR order and 20.0% had negative attitude. There was a positive relationship between knowledge of and attitude towards DNR order (r = 0.068) but the relationship was statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Based on the findings, the study concludes that nurses of tertiary level hospital have good knowledge and positive attitude towards DNR order. Likewise, knowledge regarding DNR order is related with the attitude towards DNR order and thus knowledge can be enhanced to improve the attitude towards DNR by regular in-service education.
导言:关于临终关怀的知识和态度可以塑造卫生专业人员在提供支持性护理方面的行为和行动，以使患者及其家属感到舒适。护士对不抢救(DNR)命令的知识和态度了解甚少。因此，本研究的目的是确定三级医院护士对急诊顺序的知识和态度，以及知识和态度之间的关系。方法:采用描述性相关设计。采用方便抽样法，选取某三级医院护士70名。数据收集采用预测试的自我管理结构化问卷。数据分析采用SPSS version 20，分析采用描述性统计和推理统计。结果:70名被调查者中，几乎所有(95.7%)的人知识水平良好，2.9%的人知识水平一般，1.4%的人知识水平较差。大多数受访者(80.0%)对DNR订单持肯定态度，20.0%持否定态度。对DNR顺序的认知与态度呈正相关(r = 0.068)，但无统计学意义。结论:根据调查结果，三级医院护士对急诊顺序有较好的认识和积极的态度。同样，关于DNR顺序的知识与对DNR顺序的态度有关，因此可以通过定期在职教育来增强知识以改善对DNR的态度。
{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude towards Do-Not-Resuscitate Order among Nurses of a Tertiary Level Hospital","authors":"Asmita Shrestha, S. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.31670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.31670","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Knowledge regarding and attitude towards end-of-life care can shape the behaviour and actions of a health professional in provision of supportive care for the comfort of the patients as well as their family members. Very little is known about nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge of and attitude towards DNR order and relationship between knowledge and attitude towards DNR order among the nurses of a tertiary level hospital. \u0000Methods: Descriptive correlation design was used. Convenient sampling method was used to select 70 nurses from a tertiary level hospital. Data were collected using pretested self administered structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. \u0000Result: Among 70 respondents, almost all (95.7%) of the respondents had good level of knowledge, 2.9% had fair and 1.4% had poor level of knowledge. Most (80.0%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards DNR order and 20.0% had negative attitude. There was a positive relationship between knowledge of and attitude towards DNR order (r = 0.068) but the relationship was statistically insignificant. \u0000Conclusions: Based on the findings, the study concludes that nurses of tertiary level hospital have good knowledge and positive attitude towards DNR order. Likewise, knowledge regarding DNR order is related with the attitude towards DNR order and thus knowledge can be enhanced to improve the attitude towards DNR by regular in-service education.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42931993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.37426
Ankisha Shrestha, Ram Chandra Sinha, A. Ahmad
Introduction: The termination of pregnancy by the removal of a foetus or an embryo before surviving outside the uterus or before attaining its viability is called abortion. This study was conducted to study the knowledge, acceptability, perception and stigma of safe abortion among women of reproductive age group. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in Bhaktapur District, Nepal from July 2019 to December 2019. Women of reproductive age group were included in the study. The semi-structured questionnaires were used as a data collection tool and Likert scales were used for perception and stigma which were self-designed. For Likert scale on perception and stigma, Cronbach’s α was calculated from the pre-tested samples which was found to be acceptable i.e., 0.649 and 0.856. Interview was taken as data collection technique. Data-entry was done in Epi-Data and analysed through SPSS 16.0. Chi square test was used to measure the association between dependent and independent variables. Result: The association between “Knowledge and Perception” was found to be significant with p-value of 0.04, the association between “Knowledge and Stigma” was also noted to be significant with p-value of 0.00 and “Knowledge and Acceptability” was also found to be significant with p-value of 0.00 through the assessment of knowledge, acceptability, perception and stigma. Conclusions: The study emphasises on educating and making aware every woman on safe abortion, its legalisation and its amended law to avoid the stigma and unsafe abortion practices.
{"title":"Knowledge, Acceptability, Perception and Stigmas on Safe Abortion among the women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) in Bhaktapur District.","authors":"Ankisha Shrestha, Ram Chandra Sinha, A. Ahmad","doi":"10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.37426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.37426","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The termination of pregnancy by the removal of a foetus or an embryo before surviving outside the uterus or before attaining its viability is called abortion. This study was conducted to study the knowledge, acceptability, perception and stigma of safe abortion among women of reproductive age group. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in Bhaktapur District, Nepal from July 2019 to December 2019. Women of reproductive age group were included in the study. The semi-structured questionnaires were used as a data collection tool and Likert scales were used for perception and stigma which were self-designed. For Likert scale on perception and stigma, Cronbach’s α was calculated from the pre-tested samples which was found to be acceptable i.e., 0.649 and 0.856. Interview was taken as data collection technique. Data-entry was done in Epi-Data and analysed through SPSS 16.0. Chi square test was used to measure the association between dependent and independent variables. \u0000Result: The association between “Knowledge and Perception” was found to be significant with p-value of 0.04, the association between “Knowledge and Stigma” was also noted to be significant with p-value of 0.00 and “Knowledge and Acceptability” was also found to be significant with p-value of 0.00 through the assessment of knowledge, acceptability, perception and stigma. \u0000Conclusions: The study emphasises on educating and making aware every woman on safe abortion, its legalisation and its amended law to avoid the stigma and unsafe abortion practices.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46506367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.30309
R. Paudel, Sarita Shrestha
Introduction: Junk food consumption among adolescents has become a serious issue that may lead to harmful effects on health. Dietary patterns of people are shifting from homemade foods to junk foods. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the awareness and practice of junk foods among adolescents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents of secondary level students. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample and the sample size was 237. Data collection was done from April 15, 2019 to May 14, 2019. A set of semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse and interpret the findings. Results: The findings showed that more than three-fifth (67.9%) of adolescents had a moderate level of awareness about junk foods. Half (49.4%) of them consumed junk foods highly. All (100%) adolescents have consumed junk foods regularly whereas two-fifth (42.2%) replaced meals once a week with junk foods. Four-fifth (82.3%) of adolescents did not bring tiffin from home. There was no significant association between the awareness and practice of junk foods (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study concludes that most of the adolescents possessed a moderate level of awareness of junk foods. Majority of them did not bring tiffin from their home. Around half of them consumed junk foods in their daily life. Majority of them were aware of junk foods, although they still consumed junk foods.
{"title":"Awareness and Practice of Junk Foods among Adolescents in Secondary Level Students","authors":"R. Paudel, Sarita Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.30309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v20i2.30309","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Junk food consumption among adolescents has become a serious issue that may lead to harmful effects on health. Dietary patterns of people are shifting from homemade foods to junk foods. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the awareness and practice of junk foods among adolescents. \u0000Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents of secondary level students. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample and the sample size was 237. Data collection was done from April 15, 2019 to May 14, 2019. A set of semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse and interpret the findings. \u0000Results: The findings showed that more than three-fifth (67.9%) of adolescents had a moderate level of awareness about junk foods. Half (49.4%) of them consumed junk foods highly. All (100%) adolescents have consumed junk foods regularly whereas two-fifth (42.2%) replaced meals once a week with junk foods. Four-fifth (82.3%) of adolescents did not bring tiffin from home. There was no significant association between the awareness and practice of junk foods (p < 0.05). \u0000Conclusions: This study concludes that most of the adolescents possessed a moderate level of awareness of junk foods. Majority of them did not bring tiffin from their home. Around half of them consumed junk foods in their daily life. Majority of them were aware of junk foods, although they still consumed junk foods.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69316706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-27DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.25.21259523
Binamra Basnet, Sujata Pant, Sujit Pant, Kalpana Rai, N. Tulachan, Bibek Karki, R. Shahi, S. Basnet, B. Thapa
Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic is grappling the world with the surge of infection time and again. Clinicians are trying to justify the ethics of public health care. Asymptomatic COVID-19 cases are going undocumented and most of them practice self-isolation. Studies have revealed significant radiological changes among RT-PCR positive asymptomatic COVID-19 cases. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to characterized chest CT findings of asymptomatic RT-PCR-positive patients in one of the COVID designated hospitals in Nepal. Results: Out of 43, 26 (60.5%) participants had positive Chest CT scan findings consistent with COVID pneumonia. 65% had bilateral and 77% had multifocal lesions. The ground-glass opacities (92%), mixed (ground-glass opacities and consolidation) pattern (30.7%), and consolidation only (34.6%) were common chest CT findings. The median CT score was 3.5 (Interquartile range; 2-6). Conclusion: The majority of the RT-PCR positive asymptomatic patient present with CT scan changes of lungs which are important to determine clinical status, prognosis, and long-term sequel in those cohorts.
{"title":"A spectrum of HRCT chest findings in RT-PCR positive asymptomatic COVID-19 patients at a COVID designated hospital in Nepal","authors":"Binamra Basnet, Sujata Pant, Sujit Pant, Kalpana Rai, N. Tulachan, Bibek Karki, R. Shahi, S. Basnet, B. Thapa","doi":"10.1101/2021.06.25.21259523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.25.21259523","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic is grappling the world with the surge of infection time and again. Clinicians are trying to justify the ethics of public health care. Asymptomatic COVID-19 cases are going undocumented and most of them practice self-isolation. Studies have revealed significant radiological changes among RT-PCR positive asymptomatic COVID-19 cases. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to characterized chest CT findings of asymptomatic RT-PCR-positive patients in one of the COVID designated hospitals in Nepal. Results: Out of 43, 26 (60.5%) participants had positive Chest CT scan findings consistent with COVID pneumonia. 65% had bilateral and 77% had multifocal lesions. The ground-glass opacities (92%), mixed (ground-glass opacities and consolidation) pattern (30.7%), and consolidation only (34.6%) were common chest CT findings. The median CT score was 3.5 (Interquartile range; 2-6). Conclusion: The majority of the RT-PCR positive asymptomatic patient present with CT scan changes of lungs which are important to determine clinical status, prognosis, and long-term sequel in those cohorts.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62330207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29133
Y. Basaula, R. Paudel, R. Chapagain
Introduction: Perinatal mortality rate (PMR) in Nepal is still very high. In major hospitals of Nepal, it is still ranging from 20 to 30 per thousand births. This study was carried out to review the different aspects of PMR and classifying them and identify the causes of perinatal and neonatal deaths and assessing the need for improvement in quality of pregnancy and newborn care. Methods: It was a retrospective study carried out in Bharatpur Hospital, Chitawan, Nepal. Data of all stillbirths from 22 weeks of pregnancy and neonatal deaths up to seven days of life was taken from monthly perinatal audit and annual mortality review. The data was taken from July 2017 to Jun 2019. All the perinatal deaths were then classified. Results: Over a two year period, there were total 25,977 births and total death was 369. Thus perinatal mortality rate was 12.3 per thousand births. Still births (fresh and macerated) contributed almost 82.4% of the perinatal deaths and neonatal death contributed 17.6% of total deaths. Deaths related to unexplained intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) showed an increasing trend and have increased by more than 20% in past two years from 39.1% to 60.8%. Deaths due to perinatal asphyxia, neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome and extreme prematurity were increased. Conclusions: PMR over the two years has shown increasing trend at our institute. There is need to improve antenatal, obstetric as well as intra-partum services to further reduce the still birth as well as deaths due to prematurity, RDS, neonatal sepsis and perinatal asphyxia.
{"title":"Trends and Determinants of Perinatal Mortality in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal","authors":"Y. Basaula, R. Paudel, R. Chapagain","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29133","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Perinatal mortality rate (PMR) in Nepal is still very high. In major hospitals of Nepal, it is still ranging from 20 to 30 per thousand births. This study was carried out to review the different aspects of PMR and classifying them and identify the causes of perinatal and neonatal deaths and assessing the need for improvement in quality of pregnancy and newborn care. Methods: It was a retrospective study carried out in Bharatpur Hospital, Chitawan, Nepal. Data of all stillbirths from 22 weeks of pregnancy and neonatal deaths up to seven days of life was taken from monthly perinatal audit and annual mortality review. The data was taken from July 2017 to Jun 2019. All the perinatal deaths were then classified. Results: Over a two year period, there were total 25,977 births and total death was 369. Thus perinatal mortality rate was 12.3 per thousand births. Still births (fresh and macerated) contributed almost 82.4% of the perinatal deaths and neonatal death contributed 17.6% of total deaths. Deaths related to unexplained intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) showed an increasing trend and have increased by more than 20% in past two years from 39.1% to 60.8%. Deaths due to perinatal asphyxia, neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome and extreme prematurity were increased. Conclusions: PMR over the two years has shown increasing trend at our institute. There is need to improve antenatal, obstetric as well as intra-partum services to further reduce the still birth as well as deaths due to prematurity, RDS, neonatal sepsis and perinatal asphyxia.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49418032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.28552
G. Bhuju, K. Kafle, R. R. Prasad, V. Rajbhandari, Gorkha Bahadur Dc, S. B. Karkee, B. Shrestha, Praful Pradhananga
MJSBH Vol 20 Issue 1 Jan-Jun 2021 !41 Pattern of Medicine Prescribing in PHC Facilities before and after earthquake in Nepal Gajendra Bahadur Bhuju1,2, Kumud Kumar Kafle1,3, Radha Raman Prasad1,4, Vabha Rajbhandari1,5, Gorkha Bahadur DC1,6, Shiba Bahadur Karkee1,2, Bimal Man Shrestha1,7 and Praful Pradhananga1,8 1Pharmaceutical Horizon of Nepal 2Centre Institute of Science and Technology, New Baneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal 3College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Syanobharyang,Kathmandu, Nepal 4Association of Pharmaceutical Producers of Nepal, Nepal 5Sun Pharmaceuticals Limited 6Nepal Ausadhi Limited, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal 7Canadian Diabetes Association 8Agrata Health Education and Development (AHEAD)-Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
{"title":"Pattern of Medicine Prescribing in PHC Facilities before and after earthquake in Nepal","authors":"G. Bhuju, K. Kafle, R. R. Prasad, V. Rajbhandari, Gorkha Bahadur Dc, S. B. Karkee, B. Shrestha, Praful Pradhananga","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.28552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.28552","url":null,"abstract":"\u2029 MJSBH Vol 20 Issue 1 Jan-Jun 2021 !41 Pattern of Medicine Prescribing in PHC Facilities before and after earthquake in Nepal Gajendra Bahadur Bhuju1,2, Kumud Kumar Kafle1,3, Radha Raman Prasad1,4, Vabha Rajbhandari1,5, Gorkha Bahadur DC1,6, Shiba Bahadur Karkee1,2, Bimal Man Shrestha1,7 and Praful Pradhananga1,8 1Pharmaceutical Horizon of Nepal 2Centre Institute of Science and Technology, New Baneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal 3College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Syanobharyang,Kathmandu, Nepal 4Association of Pharmaceutical Producers of Nepal, Nepal 5Sun Pharmaceuticals Limited 6Nepal Ausadhi Limited, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal 7Canadian Diabetes Association 8Agrata Health Education and Development (AHEAD)-Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45423020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29061
Rojeena Silwal, Sarita Panta
Introduction: Professional Developmental Activities (PDA) are the means to update the health care providers with new knowledge and help them to provide quality care and better patient outcomes. This study aims to determine the factors that influence participation in professional development activities among nursing personnel. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among nurses in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgung, Kathmandu, Nepal. Simple random sampling technique was used to collect data. Data was collected through self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The collected data were analysed for descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20. Results: Total 124 nurses participated in the study. Most (88.7%) were working as a staff nurse. Majority (60.5%) of nurses had participated in PDA within last 12 months. The most common factors which motivated nurses to participate in PDA were family / spouse support and improve knowledge (98.7%). The major hindering factors were shortage of staff (97.9%), and lack of cost (91.8%). Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to test the association of selected variables and PDA participation and significant association was seen between participants designation categorised as staff nurse, senior staff nurse and nursing in charge (p < 0.008) and those who were involved in professional developmental activities. Conclusions: Based on findings, the study concluded that there are several factors either hindering or motivating related to work, family, financial, personal and career that contributes to nurses participation in PDA.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Participation In Professional Developmental Activities Among Nursing Personnel","authors":"Rojeena Silwal, Sarita Panta","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29061","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Professional Developmental Activities (PDA) are the means to update the health care providers with new knowledge and help them to provide quality care and better patient outcomes. This study aims to determine the factors that influence participation in professional development activities among nursing personnel. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among nurses in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgung, Kathmandu, Nepal. Simple random sampling technique was used to collect data. Data was collected through self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The collected data were analysed for descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20. Results: Total 124 nurses participated in the study. Most (88.7%) were working as a staff nurse. Majority (60.5%) of nurses had participated in PDA within last 12 months. The most common factors which motivated nurses to participate in PDA were family / spouse support and improve knowledge (98.7%). The major hindering factors were shortage of staff (97.9%), and lack of cost (91.8%). Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to test the association of selected variables and PDA participation and significant association was seen between participants designation categorised as staff nurse, senior staff nurse and nursing in charge (p < 0.008) and those who were involved in professional developmental activities. Conclusions: Based on findings, the study concluded that there are several factors either hindering or motivating related to work, family, financial, personal and career that contributes to nurses participation in PDA.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"24-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47332086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.31025
S. Panta, R. Shahi, Sujit Panta, Binamra Basnet, Kalpana Rai, Neeraj Basanta Tulachan
Introduction: Mammography is a simple and effective tool in early detection of breast lesions. However its sensitivity is less in dense breast. The aim of the study is to see whether addition of ultrasonography adds on to the diagnostic value by finding more breast lesions in evaluation of mammographic dense breasts or not. Methods: The hospital data of all the patients who underwent mammography in the Department of Radiology of Shree Birendra Hospital, Kathmandu over a period of two and a half years from November 2017 to April 2020 were retrieved and retrospectively analyzed. The mammographic findings of patients with dense breast were compared with the corroborative ultrasonographic findings. Discrepancy in positive findings between the two imaging modalities was studied. Results: Out of 536 patients studied, 238 patients had mammographic dense breast. Comparative study showed 82 cases with positive findings on mammography alone, compared to 114 cases with positive findings on combined mammography and ultrasonography with p-value < 0.05 which is statistically significant. Conclusions: Ultrasonography is a useful additional imaging modality in evaluation of mammographic dense breast by finding more breast lesions compared to Mammography alone.
{"title":"Role of Breast Ultrasonography in Adding Diagnostic Value in Case of Dense Breasts Detected by Mammography","authors":"S. Panta, R. Shahi, Sujit Panta, Binamra Basnet, Kalpana Rai, Neeraj Basanta Tulachan","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.31025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.31025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mammography is a simple and effective tool in early detection of breast lesions. However its sensitivity is less in dense breast. The aim of the study is to see whether addition of ultrasonography adds on to the diagnostic value by finding more breast lesions in evaluation of mammographic dense breasts or not. Methods: The hospital data of all the patients who underwent mammography in the Department of Radiology of Shree Birendra Hospital, Kathmandu over a period of two and a half years from November 2017 to April 2020 were retrieved and retrospectively analyzed. The mammographic findings of patients with dense breast were compared with the corroborative ultrasonographic findings. Discrepancy in positive findings between the two imaging modalities was studied. Results: Out of 536 patients studied, 238 patients had mammographic dense breast. Comparative study showed 82 cases with positive findings on mammography alone, compared to 114 cases with positive findings on combined mammography and ultrasonography with p-value < 0.05 which is statistically significant. Conclusions: Ultrasonography is a useful additional imaging modality in evaluation of mammographic dense breast by finding more breast lesions compared to Mammography alone.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69316654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.32256
R. Deo, P. Chitalkar, Srijan Malla, I. Kc, Binod Karki, R. Thapa
Introduction: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy of gastrointestinal tract presenting in clinical practice. The common etiologies are hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and alcohol consumption. Treatment of HCC is multimodality based on Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. The aim of the article is to study the demographic, clinico-radiological profile and treatment patterns of HCC patients. Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study of patients diagnosed as HCC at Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu, Nepal from April 2017 to March 2020. The study was approved by Institutional Review Committee. Data were collected for demography, clinical feature, histology, HBsAg status, serum AFP values, radiological findings and treatment details from hospital record. Data were analysed using Excel 2010 and SPSS v 21. Results: Total of 36 patients diagnosed with HCC were included for analysis. There was a male predominance (72.22%) and the mean age was 66.75 ± 12.02 years. Pain abdomen and jaundice were present in 63.89% and 38.89% respectively at presentation and features of chronic liver disease (CLD) were evident in 83.33%. HBsAg was present in 44.44% of HCC. Location of tumour was primarily in right lobe (80.56%) and size of lesion varied greatly. Tissue diagnosis was obtained in 52.78% patients. Chemotherapy option was limited to Sorafenib. Conclusions: HCC is more prevalent in older males. The common modes of presentation were pain abdomen and jaundice. Most of the HCC had underlying CLD and were advanced. Sorafenib was the mainstay of treatment in advanced HCC.
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