Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.27943
Muna Kadel, T. Thapa
Introduction: Radius is the lateral bone of forearm. Important parameters of its distal end include angle of radial inclination, palmar tilt, and length of radial styloid process. Morphometry of the distal end of radius is important in various clinical orthopaedic procedures such as reduction of distal radius fractures, design of distal radius prosthesis, and kinematics of the wrist joint. The aim of this study is to determine the angle of radial inclination, palmar tilt, length of styloid process, oblique width, transverse and anteroposterior diameter of distal end of human dry radii in Nepalese population. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the dissection hall of Department of Human Anatomy, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Sanobhyrang, Kathmandu, Nepal from October 2019 to November 2019 after obtaining ethical approval. Total 76 human dry radii were included in the study by convenience sampling method. Angle of radial inclination, palmar tilt, length of styloid process, oblique width, transverse and anteroposterior diameter of distal end of human dry radii were studied. Data was collected and analysed by SPSS version 24. Results: Mean length of styloid process was 1.09 cm. Mean anteroposterior and transverse diameter of distal end of radius was 1.88 cm and 2.85 cm respectively. Mean oblique width of distal radius was 2.82 cm. The mean palmar tilt and angle of inclination of radius were 9.72 and 23.62 degree respectively. Conclusions: This study provides the reference data for the anatomical alignment while treating the injuries of the distal end of radius in Nepalese population.
桡骨是前臂的外侧骨。其远端主要参数包括径向倾角、手掌倾角和径向茎突长度。桡骨远端形态测量在各种临床骨科手术中都很重要，如桡骨远端骨折复位、桡骨远端假体设计和腕关节运动学。本研究的目的是确定尼泊尔人群干桡骨远端径向倾斜角、手掌倾斜角、茎突长度、斜宽度、横向直径和前后直径。方法:本研究是一项描述性横断面研究，经伦理批准，于2019年10月至2019年11月在尼泊尔加德满都Sanobhyrang尼泊尔陆军卫生科学研究所人体解剖学系解剖厅进行。采用方便抽样法，共纳入76例人体干半径。研究了人体干桡骨远端径向倾角、手掌倾角、茎突长度、斜向宽度、横向直径和前后直径。数据收集和分析采用SPSS version 24。结果:茎突平均长度为1.09 cm。桡骨远端平均正、横径分别为1.88 cm和2.85 cm。桡骨远端平均斜宽度为2.82 cm。手掌平均倾斜度为9.72度，桡骨倾斜角为23.62度。结论:本研究为尼泊尔人群桡骨远端损伤的解剖对准提供了参考数据。
{"title":"Morphometric Study of Distal End of Human Dry Radii","authors":"Muna Kadel, T. Thapa","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.27943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.27943","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Radius is the lateral bone of forearm. Important parameters of its distal end include angle of radial inclination, palmar tilt, and length of radial styloid process. Morphometry of the distal end of radius is important in various clinical orthopaedic procedures such as reduction of distal radius fractures, design of distal radius prosthesis, and kinematics of the wrist joint. The aim of this study is to determine the angle of radial inclination, palmar tilt, length of styloid process, oblique width, transverse and anteroposterior diameter of distal end of human dry radii in Nepalese population. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the dissection hall of Department of Human Anatomy, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Sanobhyrang, Kathmandu, Nepal from October 2019 to November 2019 after obtaining ethical approval. Total 76 human dry radii were included in the study by convenience sampling method. Angle of radial inclination, palmar tilt, length of styloid process, oblique width, transverse and anteroposterior diameter of distal end of human dry radii were studied. Data was collected and analysed by SPSS version 24. Results: Mean length of styloid process was 1.09 cm. Mean anteroposterior and transverse diameter of distal end of radius was 1.88 cm and 2.85 cm respectively. Mean oblique width of distal radius was 2.82 cm. The mean palmar tilt and angle of inclination of radius were 9.72 and 23.62 degree respectively. Conclusions: This study provides the reference data for the anatomical alignment while treating the injuries of the distal end of radius in Nepalese population.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48176489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29226
G. Chalise, S. Shrestha, Bibhav Adhikari
Introduction: Maternal satisfaction is an important indicator for any hospital to measure the quality of labor and delivery services. Satisfaction with the care received during labor and childbirth process influences the decision of institutional delivery for future utilisation. This study aims to identify the satisfaction of postnatal mothers towards labor and delivery service in a selected hospital. Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Non-probabilistic purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample. A total of 54 postnatal mothers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. It was adapted from Donabedian Model and Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) Scale focusing on four aspects i.e. health institution related aspect, interpersonal aspects of care, abuse free care and informative aspects of care in five-point Likert scales. Data were coded, entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16 for windows. Results: In this study, 79.6% of the postnatal mothers were satisfied with the overall aspects of the labor and delivery services. The component wise results show that 94.4% were satisfied in health institution related aspects while in the interpersonal aspect, 92.6% were satisfied. Similarly, all sampled mothers were satisfied with the abuse-free care system of the health institution. In informative aspects of care, 87% were satisfied and the rest (13%) were dissatisfied. Conclusions: Although the majority of mothers were satisfied, there were dissatisfaction in regards to availability of drinking water, the behaviour of staffs and the health education provided to them. By improving these aspects, quality of service will improve and thus increase women's satisfaction with care received.
{"title":"Quality of Labor and Delivery Services: Maternal Satisfaction Study from a Tertiary Hospital","authors":"G. Chalise, S. Shrestha, Bibhav Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.29226","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Maternal satisfaction is an important indicator for any hospital to measure the quality of labor and delivery services. Satisfaction with the care received during labor and childbirth process influences the decision of institutional delivery for future utilisation. This study aims to identify the satisfaction of postnatal mothers towards labor and delivery service in a selected hospital. Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Non-probabilistic purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample. A total of 54 postnatal mothers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. It was adapted from Donabedian Model and Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) Scale focusing on four aspects i.e. health institution related aspect, interpersonal aspects of care, abuse free care and informative aspects of care in five-point Likert scales. Data were coded, entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16 for windows. Results: In this study, 79.6% of the postnatal mothers were satisfied with the overall aspects of the labor and delivery services. The component wise results show that 94.4% were satisfied in health institution related aspects while in the interpersonal aspect, 92.6% were satisfied. Similarly, all sampled mothers were satisfied with the abuse-free care system of the health institution. In informative aspects of care, 87% were satisfied and the rest (13%) were dissatisfied. Conclusions: Although the majority of mothers were satisfied, there were dissatisfaction in regards to availability of drinking water, the behaviour of staffs and the health education provided to them. By improving these aspects, quality of service will improve and thus increase women's satisfaction with care received.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"50-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44299122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.24777
S. Shrestha, C. Shrestha, A. Manoranjan, S. Shrestha
Introduction: Strabismus has been observed among family members in involved families. The study was conducted to document manifest strabismus running in generations and among siblings of strabismic patients. Methods: It was a hospital based prospective study conducted from May to November 2017. Strabismic patients with ocular deviation visiting Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology and strabismus were enrolled using specially designed proforma. Detailed ocular examinations were done and family history obtained regarding the presence of strabismus. Family tree was drawn for those with positive family history. Results: A total of 78 participants completed the study with 48.7% males. Family history of strabismus was present in 56.4%. Strabismus was present in two generations in 45.45%, in three generations in 18.2%, 1st and 3rd generation in 18.2%, 1st, 2nd and 4th generation in 4.5% and among siblings only in 13.6%. Among those with positive family history, exotropia was present in 75% and esotropia in 25%. Among exotropes, manifest deviation was present in 47.7% and intermittent exotropia in 27.3%. Among esotropes, congenital esotropia was present in 9% and accommodative esotropia in 16%. First degree relatives were affected in 45.45% of strabismic patients among which 55% had manifest exotropia, 20% had intermittent exotropia, 15% had accommodative esotropia and 10% had congenital esotropia. Conclusions: Strabismus was found in different generations in 56.4% strabismic patients. Two generations were involved in 45.45%, three generations in 18.2%, 1st and 3rd generation in 18.2%, 1st, 2nd and 4th generation in 4.5% and siblings only in 13.6%. Genetic factors appear to be significant in strabismus in Nepalese population and it requires to be substantiated with further larger studies.
{"title":"Strabismus in Generations and Among Siblings","authors":"S. Shrestha, C. Shrestha, A. Manoranjan, S. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.24777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.24777","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Strabismus has been observed among family members in involved families. The study was conducted to document manifest strabismus running in generations and among siblings of strabismic patients. Methods: It was a hospital based prospective study conducted from May to November 2017. Strabismic patients with ocular deviation visiting Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology and strabismus were enrolled using specially designed proforma. Detailed ocular examinations were done and family history obtained regarding the presence of strabismus. Family tree was drawn for those with positive family history. Results: A total of 78 participants completed the study with 48.7% males. Family history of strabismus was present in 56.4%. Strabismus was present in two generations in 45.45%, in three generations in 18.2%, 1st and 3rd generation in 18.2%, 1st, 2nd and 4th generation in 4.5% and among siblings only in 13.6%. Among those with positive family history, exotropia was present in 75% and esotropia in 25%. Among exotropes, manifest deviation was present in 47.7% and intermittent exotropia in 27.3%. Among esotropes, congenital esotropia was present in 9% and accommodative esotropia in 16%. First degree relatives were affected in 45.45% of strabismic patients among which 55% had manifest exotropia, 20% had intermittent exotropia, 15% had accommodative esotropia and 10% had congenital esotropia. Conclusions: Strabismus was found in different generations in 56.4% strabismic patients. Two generations were involved in 45.45%, three generations in 18.2%, 1st and 3rd generation in 18.2%, 1st, 2nd and 4th generation in 4.5% and siblings only in 13.6%. Genetic factors appear to be significant in strabismus in Nepalese population and it requires to be substantiated with further larger studies.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44503335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.28789
Sagar Rajkarnikar, A. Gurung, S. Pant
MJSBH Vol 20 Issue 1 Jan-Jun 2021 !70 The Clinical Profile of Idiopathic Optic Neuritis at the Ophthalmology OPD of Tertiary Centre of Army Hospital, Nepal Sagar Rajkarnikar1, Anu Gurung1, Ram Shrestha1 and Shambhu Nath Pant2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu, Nepal 2Department of Community Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Syanobharyang, Kathmandu, Nepal
{"title":"The Clinical Profile of Idiopathic Optic Neuritis at the Ophthalmology OPD of Tertiary Centre of Army Hospital, Nepal","authors":"Sagar Rajkarnikar, A. Gurung, S. Pant","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.28789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.28789","url":null,"abstract":"MJSBH Vol 20 Issue 1 Jan-Jun 2021 !70 The Clinical Profile of Idiopathic Optic Neuritis at the Ophthalmology OPD of Tertiary Centre of Army Hospital, Nepal Sagar Rajkarnikar1, Anu Gurung1, Ram Shrestha1 and Shambhu Nath Pant2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu, Nepal 2Department of Community Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Syanobharyang, Kathmandu, Nepal","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44445802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.26686
R. Shah, B. B. Thapa, Sushil Rana Magar, R. Sinha, P. Chand, D. Maharjan, Sushil Shrestha, R. Bhandari
Result: Total number of patients meeting the inclusion criteria was 10, two females and eight males with a mean age of 40.30 + 6.58 years. The mean time for onset of symptom to timing of surgery was 142 hrs. VAS for leg improved from 5.90 + 0 .738 to 0.70 + 0.483 and VAS for back pain improved from 3.20 + 1.476 to 0.5 + 0.572 post operatively. There was improvement in sensory and motor function in all the cases. Bowel and bladder function improved in all the cases postoperatively at the time of final follow up. Sexual function was impaired in six patients preoperatively but postoperatively four had improved and two patients had poor result at the time of final follow up.
{"title":"Evaluation of Outcome of Timing of Surgical Intervention on Cauda Equina Syndrome","authors":"R. Shah, B. B. Thapa, Sushil Rana Magar, R. Sinha, P. Chand, D. Maharjan, Sushil Shrestha, R. Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.26686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.26686","url":null,"abstract":"Result: Total number of patients meeting the inclusion criteria was 10, two females and eight males with a mean age of 40.30 + 6.58 years. The mean time for onset of symptom to timing of surgery was 142 hrs. VAS for leg improved from 5.90 + 0 .738 to 0.70 + 0.483 and VAS for back pain improved from 3.20 + 1.476 to 0.5 + 0.572 post operatively. There was improvement in sensory and motor function in all the cases. Bowel and bladder function improved in all the cases postoperatively at the time of final follow up. Sexual function was impaired in six patients preoperatively but postoperatively four had improved and two patients had poor result at the time of final follow up.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48380180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.31431
Yogendra Amatya, Susmita Shrestha
Introduction: Medical simulation has become increasingly important for education in emergency situations like resuscitation and improvising healthcare services. Methods: A prospective study was performed implementing ACLS resuscitation simulation with the Patan Hospital emergency team. The survey questionnaire was designed to evaluate participants’ communication skills, leadership, team dynamics, competency in ACLS and perception regarding simulation as a learning method. The paired t-tests were performed to compare pre and post simulation survey responses. The quantitative data were managed and analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Fifty seven emergency staffs participated in the study. In the communication domain presimulation survey mean likert score of close loop communication was 2.68, SBAR was 2.54 and PEARL was 2.25 while the post-simulation survey were 3.19, 3.05 and 2.96 respectively. In leadership pre-survey assessment of coordinating team members was 2.61 and summarising events skill was 2.58 while the post-survey scores were 2.91 and 3.02 respectively. The team dynamics pre-survey of the teamwork experience was 2.63 while post-survey was 3.07. The competency pre-survey of competency level in ACLS was 2.51 while the post-survey was 2.88. The pre-survey regarding considering simulation a good method of training was 3.32 while the post-survey was 3.56. All the survey questionnaires of each domain showed the increased difference that is statically significant with p-values <0.001. Conclusions: Simulation training is an effective and useful educational technique for training the health personnel working in emergency service.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of ACLS Scenario Based Resuscitation Simulation for Emergency Team","authors":"Yogendra Amatya, Susmita Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.31431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.31431","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medical simulation has become increasingly important for education in emergency situations like resuscitation and improvising healthcare services. Methods: A prospective study was performed implementing ACLS resuscitation simulation with the Patan Hospital emergency team. The survey questionnaire was designed to evaluate participants’ communication skills, leadership, team dynamics, competency in ACLS and perception regarding simulation as a learning method. The paired t-tests were performed to compare pre and post simulation survey responses. The quantitative data were managed and analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Fifty seven emergency staffs participated in the study. In the communication domain presimulation survey mean likert score of close loop communication was 2.68, SBAR was 2.54 and PEARL was 2.25 while the post-simulation survey were 3.19, 3.05 and 2.96 respectively. In leadership pre-survey assessment of coordinating team members was 2.61 and summarising events skill was 2.58 while the post-survey scores were 2.91 and 3.02 respectively. The team dynamics pre-survey of the teamwork experience was 2.63 while post-survey was 3.07. The competency pre-survey of competency level in ACLS was 2.51 while the post-survey was 2.88. The pre-survey regarding considering simulation a good method of training was 3.32 while the post-survey was 3.56. All the survey questionnaires of each domain showed the increased difference that is statically significant with p-values <0.001. Conclusions: Simulation training is an effective and useful educational technique for training the health personnel working in emergency service.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69316687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.32649
S. Thapa, Indira Acharya
Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a very common gynaecological condition that affects women of all age groups. Majority of the cases are diagnosed by sampling the endometrium by procedure like dilatation and curettage (D and C). The aim of this study was to analyse the different types of endometrial histopathology of patients with the abnormal uterine bleeding and to find the association between various patterns of abnormal uterine bleeding and histopathological findings. Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu over a period of two years from August 2018 to August 2020. All cases of AUB who underwent D and C procedure were included in the study. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and managed in SPSS Version 21. Analysis was done in the form of percentage and proportion and represented as tables where necessary. Results: Total 192 patients were analysed. Age group ranged from 21 to 75 years and most common age group presenting with AUB was 41 to 50 years. The most common presenting complaint was menorrhagia 47.9% (92/192) followed by metrorrhagia 19.8% (38/192). Most common endometrial histopathology was proliferative endometrium 33.3% (64/192), followed by secretory endometrium 21.9 % (42/192). Endometrial malignancy was found in 1.5% (3/192) cases. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of the endometrium showed a wide spectrum of pathological changes ranging from normal endometrium to malignancy. This emphasises the importance of endometrial sampling like D and C as an important diagnostic tool in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding.
引言：异常子宫出血（AUB）是一种非常常见的妇科疾病，影响所有年龄段的女性。大多数病例是通过子宫内膜取样，如刮宫术（D和C）来诊断的。本研究的目的是分析异常子宫出血患者不同类型的子宫内膜组织病理学，并找出不同类型的异常子宫出血与组织病理学表现之间的联系。方法：这是一项回顾性研究，于2018年8月至2020年8月在加德满都乔尼Shree Birendra医院妇产科进行，为期两年。所有接受D和C手术的AUB病例均纳入研究。数据输入到Microsoft excel中，并在SPSS Version 21中进行管理。分析以百分比和比例的形式进行，必要时用表格表示。结果：共分析192例患者。年龄组为21至75岁，最常见的AUB年龄组为41至50岁。最常见的主诉是月经过多，占47.9%（92/192），其次是子宫出血，占19.8%（38/192）。最常见的子宫内膜组织病理学是增生性子宫内膜33.3%（64/192），其次是分泌性子宫内膜21.9%（42/192）。子宫内膜恶性肿瘤发生率为1.5%（3/192）。结论：子宫内膜的组织病理学检查显示了从正常子宫内膜到恶性子宫内膜的广泛病理变化。这强调了子宫内膜取样（如D和C）作为治疗异常子宫出血的重要诊断工具的重要性。
{"title":"Endometrial Histopathology in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"S. Thapa, Indira Acharya","doi":"10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.32649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/MJSBH.V20I1.32649","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a very common gynaecological condition that affects women of all age groups. Majority of the cases are diagnosed by sampling the endometrium by procedure like dilatation and curettage (D and C). The aim of this study was to analyse the different types of endometrial histopathology of patients with the abnormal uterine bleeding and to find the association between various patterns of abnormal uterine bleeding and histopathological findings. Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu over a period of two years from August 2018 to August 2020. All cases of AUB who underwent D and C procedure were included in the study. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and managed in SPSS Version 21. Analysis was done in the form of percentage and proportion and represented as tables where necessary. Results: Total 192 patients were analysed. Age group ranged from 21 to 75 years and most common age group presenting with AUB was 41 to 50 years. The most common presenting complaint was menorrhagia 47.9% (92/192) followed by metrorrhagia 19.8% (38/192). Most common endometrial histopathology was proliferative endometrium 33.3% (64/192), followed by secretory endometrium 21.9 % (42/192). Endometrial malignancy was found in 1.5% (3/192) cases. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of the endometrium showed a wide spectrum of pathological changes ranging from normal endometrium to malignancy. This emphasises the importance of endometrial sampling like D and C as an important diagnostic tool in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41675402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.28321
G. Chalise, Samjhana Sherpa, M. Bharati, Ambu Kc
Introduction: Backpacks are a convenient means to carry essential educational materials for school children. Backpack design, carrying technique and its load is related to several health consequences i.e., altered gait, bad posture and musculoskeletal pain. Parental awareness and their supervision can help their children to carry appropriate school backpack with rationale weight. Therefore, this study aims to assess parental awareness about school backpacks; identify backpack weight carried by their children and identify children’s musculoskeletal complaints with their parents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study consisted of purposively selected 94 parents whose children were studying in grade VI to VIII at local school. Face to face interview of around 30 minutes duration was taken by using semi structured interview schedule. Backpack weight was identified by weighing children with and without bag in their school and subtracted to identify the actual backpack weight. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive statistics. Results: In this study, more than 90% parents were aware of the recommended weight of school backpack i.e., <15% of body weight. About 96% parents answered that backpack should be light; similar percentage told that it should have well-padded shoulder straps and 87% answered that it should be appropriate to child’s age and weight. Around 70% to 90% parents were aware of appropriate handling of school backpacks. While identifying parental awareness about musculoskeletal effects of backpacks, they told as shoulder pain (79%), fatigue (76%) and neck pain (56%). In this study, 72% children were carrying backpacks greater than the recommended weights. Their parents told that children often had complaints of shoulder pain (78%) and neck pain (69%) Conclusions: Most parents were aware of the standards and handling of school backpack but in reality, more than two third of their children were carrying heavy school backpacks.
简介:双肩包是学龄儿童携带必备教材的方便工具。背包的设计、携带技术及其负荷与几种健康后果有关，即步态改变、不良姿势和肌肉骨骼疼痛。父母的意识和他们的监督可以帮助他们的孩子携带合适的书包和合理的重量。因此，本研究旨在评估家长对学校书包的意识;确定孩子的背包重量，并与父母确定孩子的肌肉骨骼问题。方法:采用描述性横断面研究设计。该研究有目的地选择了94名家长，他们的孩子在当地学校读六年级到八年级。采用半结构化面试时间表进行面对面面试，面试时间约为30分钟。双肩包的重量是通过在学校对有和没有书包的孩子进行称重来确定的，然后减去书包的实际重量。数据采用SPSS version 20进行分析，采用描述性统计进行描述。结果:在本研究中，超过90%的家长了解学校书包的推荐重量，即<体重的15%。约96%的家长认为双肩包应该轻便;同样比例的人认为应该有厚实的肩带，87%的人认为肩带应该适合孩子的年龄和体重。约七成至九成家长知道如何妥善处理学生书包。在确定父母对背包对肌肉骨骼的影响的意识时，他们提到了肩部疼痛(79%)、疲劳(76%)和颈部疼痛(56%)。在这项研究中，72%的孩子背着的背包重量超过了建议的重量。结论:大多数家长都知道学校书包的标准和处理方法，但在现实中，超过三分之二的孩子背着沉重的学校书包。
{"title":"Parental Awareness About School Backpack, Weight Carried by Their Children and related Musculoskeletal Problems","authors":"G. Chalise, Samjhana Sherpa, M. Bharati, Ambu Kc","doi":"10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.28321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.28321","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Backpacks are a convenient means to carry essential educational materials for school children. Backpack design, carrying technique and its load is related to several health consequences i.e., altered gait, bad posture and musculoskeletal pain. Parental awareness and their supervision can help their children to carry appropriate school backpack with rationale weight. Therefore, this study aims to assess parental awareness about school backpacks; identify backpack weight carried by their children and identify children’s musculoskeletal complaints with their parents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study consisted of purposively selected 94 parents whose children were studying in grade VI to VIII at local school. Face to face interview of around 30 minutes duration was taken by using semi structured interview schedule. Backpack weight was identified by weighing children with and without bag in their school and subtracted to identify the actual backpack weight. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive statistics. Results: In this study, more than 90% parents were aware of the recommended weight of school backpack i.e., <15% of body weight. About 96% parents answered that backpack should be light; similar percentage told that it should have well-padded shoulder straps and 87% answered that it should be appropriate to child’s age and weight. Around 70% to 90% parents were aware of appropriate handling of school backpacks. While identifying parental awareness about musculoskeletal effects of backpacks, they told as shoulder pain (79%), fatigue (76%) and neck pain (56%). In this study, 72% children were carrying backpacks greater than the recommended weights. Their parents told that children often had complaints of shoulder pain (78%) and neck pain (69%) Conclusions: Most parents were aware of the standards and handling of school backpack but in reality, more than two third of their children were carrying heavy school backpacks.","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"19 1","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.28321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41896851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-26DOI: 10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.27329
Shova Kunwar, B. Bajracharya, K. Karmacharya, A. Shrestha
Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology is considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid lesion by comparing it with the corresponding histopathologic diagnosis after thyroidectomy. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over five years at a teaching hospital in Kathmandu. Eighty-nine cases of FNAC of thyroid nodule with subsequent histopathological reports were reviewed. The corresponding reports were compared and the accuracy of FNAC diagnosis was evaluated. Results: 87% of the cases were females and the majority of cases were in the age group 41 to 50 years. Among 89 cases, 55 were reported as benign on cytology and 34 were reported as malignant. On histopathological examination, out of 55 cases diagnosed as benign on cytology, 47 cases were diagnosed as benign whereas eight cases were diagnosed as malignant. HPE of 34 cases diagnosed as malignant on cytology showed that 29 were malignant and five were benign. The false-positive rate was 9.6% and the false-negative rate was 21.6%. The sensitivity was 78.3% and specificity was 90.3%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 85.2% and 85.4% respectively. The accuracy of FNAC in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid lesions was 85.3%. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that FNAC is a sensitive method for the diagnosis of a solid thyroid lesion
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Pathologies","authors":"Shova Kunwar, B. Bajracharya, K. Karmacharya, A. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.27329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.27329","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology is considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of thyroid lesion by comparing it with the corresponding histopathologic diagnosis after thyroidectomy. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over five years at a teaching hospital in Kathmandu. Eighty-nine cases of FNAC of thyroid nodule with subsequent histopathological reports were reviewed. The corresponding reports were compared and the accuracy of FNAC diagnosis was evaluated. Results: 87% of the cases were females and the majority of cases were in the age group 41 to 50 years. Among 89 cases, 55 were reported as benign on cytology and 34 were reported as malignant. On histopathological examination, out of 55 cases diagnosed as benign on cytology, 47 cases were diagnosed as benign whereas eight cases were diagnosed as malignant. HPE of 34 cases diagnosed as malignant on cytology showed that 29 were malignant and five were benign. The false-positive rate was 9.6% and the false-negative rate was 21.6%. The sensitivity was 78.3% and specificity was 90.3%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 85.2% and 85.4% respectively. The accuracy of FNAC in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid lesions was 85.3%. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that FNAC is a sensitive method for the diagnosis of a solid thyroid lesion","PeriodicalId":33963,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital","volume":"19 1","pages":"84-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3126/mjsbh.v19i2.27329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49218902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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