Ming-Whei Feng, Show-Ling Wen, K. Tsai, Yung-Chih Liu, Hung-Ren Lai
This paper describes wireless sensor network (WSN) and sensor fusion technology designed for ubiquitous smart living space applications. With respect to the WSN technology, a new standard from the Zigbee alliance is introduced. This new standard is designed to help constructing the network infrastructure by integrating with the TCP/IP network with the ZigBee network. A new approach for WSN deployment based on this new standard is also presented. With respect to the sensor fusion technology, this paper presents a smart sensing and control algorithm that naturally adjusts the thermal quality of the environment according to the interior and exterior environmental factors and the behavior of the inhabitants in a smart skin environment. The experiment results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the thermal comfort and effectively reduces energy consumption.
{"title":"Wireless Sensor Network and Sensor Fusion Technology for Ubiquitous Smart Living Space Applications (Invited Paper)","authors":"Ming-Whei Feng, Show-Ling Wen, K. Tsai, Yung-Chih Liu, Hung-Ren Lai","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.87","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes wireless sensor network (WSN) and sensor fusion technology designed for ubiquitous smart living space applications. With respect to the WSN technology, a new standard from the Zigbee alliance is introduced. This new standard is designed to help constructing the network infrastructure by integrating with the TCP/IP network with the ZigBee network. A new approach for WSN deployment based on this new standard is also presented. With respect to the sensor fusion technology, this paper presents a smart sensing and control algorithm that naturally adjusts the thermal quality of the environment according to the interior and exterior environmental factors and the behavior of the inhabitants in a smart skin environment. The experiment results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the thermal comfort and effectively reduces energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130743691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stakeholders of smart home development often request personalized requirements based on existing services. Requirements under the environment may change at any time even when services are provided correctly, since the stakeholders eventually change their intentions. Evolvability is essential to adapting to the dynamic and ever-changing requirements in response to contextual feedback. To support software evolution for real-world applications in distributed service environments, this paper introduces architecture for distributed run-time software evolution and discusses issues of software evolution in Smart Home environments. Smart Home environments exist in feature-rich networks, and should be ideally maintained with updates at run-time.
{"title":"On Distributed Run-Time Software Evolution Driven by Stakeholders of Smart Home Development (Invited Paper)","authors":"Carl K. Chang, K. Oyama, Hojun Jaygarl, Ming Hua","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.84","url":null,"abstract":"Stakeholders of smart home development often request personalized requirements based on existing services. Requirements under the environment may change at any time even when services are provided correctly, since the stakeholders eventually change their intentions. Evolvability is essential to adapting to the dynamic and ever-changing requirements in response to contextual feedback. To support software evolution for real-world applications in distributed service environments, this paper introduces architecture for distributed run-time software evolution and discusses issues of software evolution in Smart Home environments. Smart Home environments exist in feature-rich networks, and should be ideally maintained with updates at run-time.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131370288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Video surveillance systems are used in a variety of applications from home health monitoring to commercial security systems. A fixed or rotating camera has limitations as to the coverage area and resolution of the captured image. In this article we propose a new concept for the implementation of surveillance that shows significant improvement over the performance of distributed single cameras system by providing multiple angles of image capture without motion at each location. Our concept is called distributed compound vision.
{"title":"Improved Observation and Communication with a Distributed Compound Vision Surveillance System","authors":"Nikolay Semenov, K. Newman","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.60","url":null,"abstract":"Video surveillance systems are used in a variety of applications from home health monitoring to commercial security systems. A fixed or rotating camera has limitations as to the coverage area and resolution of the captured image. In this article we propose a new concept for the implementation of surveillance that shows significant improvement over the performance of distributed single cameras system by providing multiple angles of image capture without motion at each location. Our concept is called distributed compound vision.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"18 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133169928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the field of an automotive research, a method to monitor and to detect a drowsy or a drunken driver has been studied for many years. Previous research uses sensors such as an infrared camera for pupil detection or voice to detect fatigue. Even these approaches are able to detect driver¿s fatigue, however, these methods are not driver adaptable nor interactive with a outside driving situation. Unlike previous approach, we propose driver¿s fatigue detection system which uses the driver¿s pedal controlling pattern with respect to the driver¿s front view situation. The system uses a distance sensor on the frontend of the car so that it can capture an outside event. The entire sensor data are processed using a combination of Decision Tree learning algorithm and rule-based algorithm. The system does learning process at every startup of a car so that our system is capable to be adapted to each driver¿s driving style and behavior. Accordingly, we can be obtained the driver¿s fatigue level based on the response patterns.
{"title":"Detecting Driver Fatigue based on the Driver's Response Pattern and the Front View Environment of an Automobile","authors":"Youngjae Kim, Youmin Kim, Minsoo Hahn","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.58","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of an automotive research, a method to monitor and to detect a drowsy or a drunken driver has been studied for many years. Previous research uses sensors such as an infrared camera for pupil detection or voice to detect fatigue. Even these approaches are able to detect driver¿s fatigue, however, these methods are not driver adaptable nor interactive with a outside driving situation. Unlike previous approach, we propose driver¿s fatigue detection system which uses the driver¿s pedal controlling pattern with respect to the driver¿s front view situation. The system uses a distance sensor on the frontend of the car so that it can capture an outside event. The entire sensor data are processed using a combination of Decision Tree learning algorithm and rule-based algorithm. The system does learning process at every startup of a car so that our system is capable to be adapted to each driver¿s driving style and behavior. Accordingly, we can be obtained the driver¿s fatigue level based on the response patterns.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122306800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have proposed a robust noise suppression algorithm with Kalman filter theory. In this paper, we propose a Kalman filter based fast noise suppression algorithm for white and colored disturbance. The algorithm aims to achieve robust noise suppression with reduced computational complexity without sacrificing high quality of speech signal, by modifying the proposed canonical space model. We show the effectiveness of the proposed fast noise suppression algorithm using numerical and subjective evaluation results.
{"title":"Fast Noise Suppression Algorithm with Kalman Filter Theory","authors":"N. Tanabe, T. Furukawa, S. Tsujii","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.34","url":null,"abstract":"We have proposed a robust noise suppression algorithm with Kalman filter theory. In this paper, we propose a Kalman filter based fast noise suppression algorithm for white and colored disturbance. The algorithm aims to achieve robust noise suppression with reduced computational complexity without sacrificing high quality of speech signal, by modifying the proposed canonical space model. We show the effectiveness of the proposed fast noise suppression algorithm using numerical and subjective evaluation results.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124105421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined whether distinct activity patterns are elicited by natural and unnatural visual stimuli. Stimuli were black and white pictures portraying various scenes (e.g., cities, country fields); natural pictures were unaltered, while unnatural pictures were produced by reversing their contrast curves (negative images). Low-contrast pictures were used in tandem to find contrast-sensitive areas in the contrast curves. During scanning, participants performed a simple discrimination task; brain imaging results revealed distinct activity patterns depending on stimulus type. When subjects viewed natural pictures, activity was greater in the angular gyrus and precuneus. In contrast, when viewing unnatural pictures, activity was greater in the fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal cortex, middle occipital cortex, and inferior frontal operculum. These findings indicate that the experience of perceiving visual stimuli as natural or unnatural might be subserved by cortical networks other than those known to be involved in the low-level processing of visual information.
{"title":"Neural Correlates of Perceiving Visual Scenes as “Natural” or “Unnatural” - An fMRI Study with Contrast Modulated Pictures","authors":"N. Nawa, H. Ando","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.51","url":null,"abstract":"Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined whether distinct activity patterns are elicited by natural and unnatural visual stimuli. Stimuli were black and white pictures portraying various scenes (e.g., cities, country fields); natural pictures were unaltered, while unnatural pictures were produced by reversing their contrast curves (negative images). Low-contrast pictures were used in tandem to find contrast-sensitive areas in the contrast curves. During scanning, participants performed a simple discrimination task; brain imaging results revealed distinct activity patterns depending on stimulus type. When subjects viewed natural pictures, activity was greater in the angular gyrus and precuneus. In contrast, when viewing unnatural pictures, activity was greater in the fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal cortex, middle occipital cortex, and inferior frontal operculum. These findings indicate that the experience of perceiving visual stimuli as natural or unnatural might be subserved by cortical networks other than those known to be involved in the low-level processing of visual information.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121068357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we propose an acoustic-based head orientation estimation method using a microphone array mounted on a chair, and also propose a novel strategy for how to integrate the head orientation estimation with a speech recognition system for improving noise robustness. We apply the proposed system to voice-driven control of home electronics. In the proposed system, the user can indicate a target by facing it. This interface is more intuitive than indicating the target by uttering the target's name. From the experimental results, we can confirm that the proposed head orientation estimation is very stable and reliable irrespective of the mixed noise levels, and the integration of the head orientation estimation with the speech recognition makes the system more robust to noises.
{"title":"Head-Orientation-Estimation-Integrated Speech Recognition for the Smart-Chair","authors":"A. Sasou","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.44","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose an acoustic-based head orientation estimation method using a microphone array mounted on a chair, and also propose a novel strategy for how to integrate the head orientation estimation with a speech recognition system for improving noise robustness. We apply the proposed system to voice-driven control of home electronics. In the proposed system, the user can indicate a target by facing it. This interface is more intuitive than indicating the target by uttering the target's name. From the experimental results, we can confirm that the proposed head orientation estimation is very stable and reliable irrespective of the mixed noise levels, and the integration of the head orientation estimation with the speech recognition makes the system more robust to noises.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117225272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We can observe a clear distinction in the approaches to natural language processing before and after the year 2000. Before the twenty first century grammar rules and word dictionaries for computer use were written by the instinct of linguists, while after the turn of the century these have been basically obtained, or havebeen recognized to be obtainable, from linguistic databy proper automatic analyses and processings.
{"title":"Overcoming the Language Barrier (Invited Paper)","authors":"Makoto Nagao","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.14","url":null,"abstract":"We can observe a clear distinction in the approaches to natural language processing before and after the year 2000. Before the twenty first century grammar rules and word dictionaries for computer use were written by the instinct of linguists, while after the turn of the century these have been basically obtained, or havebeen recognized to be obtainable, from linguistic databy proper automatic analyses and processings.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126085463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a bilingually-motivated segmenting framework for Chinese which has no clear delimiter for word boundaries. It involves producing Chinese tokens in line with word-based languages¿ words using a bilingual segmenting algorithm, provided with bitexts, and deriving a probabilistic tokenizing model based on previously annotated Chinese sentences. In the bilingual segmenting algorithm, we first convert the search for segmentation into a sequential tagging problem, allowing for a polynomial-time dynamic programming solution, and incorporate a control to balance mono- and bi-lingual information in tailoring Chinese sentences. Experiments show that our framework, applied as a pre-tokenization component, significantly outperforms existing segmenters in translation quality, suggesting our methodology supports better segmentation for bilingual NLP applications involving isolated languages such as Chinese.
{"title":"Bilingual Segmenter for Statistical Machine Translation","authors":"Chung-Chi Huang, Wei-Teh Chen, Jason J. S. Chang","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.10","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a bilingually-motivated segmenting framework for Chinese which has no clear delimiter for word boundaries. It involves producing Chinese tokens in line with word-based languages¿ words using a bilingual segmenting algorithm, provided with bitexts, and deriving a probabilistic tokenizing model based on previously annotated Chinese sentences. In the bilingual segmenting algorithm, we first convert the search for segmentation into a sequential tagging problem, allowing for a polynomial-time dynamic programming solution, and incorporate a control to balance mono- and bi-lingual information in tailoring Chinese sentences. Experiments show that our framework, applied as a pre-tokenization component, significantly outperforms existing segmenters in translation quality, suggesting our methodology supports better segmentation for bilingual NLP applications involving isolated languages such as Chinese.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121380096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suguru Matsuyoshi, Koji Murakami, Yuji Matsumoto, Kentaro Inui
In this paper, we present a database of logical relations between predicate argument structures (PASs) in Japanese for recognizing relations between statements. We have defined nine logical relations between PASs and manually collected argument structures and logical relations for verbs from definition sentences in a machine-readable Japanese dictionary. In addition, we augmented the relations in our database with a thesaurus of verb argument structures, which identifies synonymy and antonymy between PASs. Our database consists of 29,555 entries and 45,905 relations between PASs. In a preliminary experiment with this database, we constructed a system that recognizes synonymy between PASs in Web documents with a precision of about 0.80.
{"title":"A Database of Relations between Predicate Argument Structures for Recognizing Textual Entailment and Contradiction","authors":"Suguru Matsuyoshi, Koji Murakami, Yuji Matsumoto, Kentaro Inui","doi":"10.1109/ISUC.2008.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISUC.2008.31","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a database of logical relations between predicate argument structures (PASs) in Japanese for recognizing relations between statements. We have defined nine logical relations between PASs and manually collected argument structures and logical relations for verbs from definition sentences in a machine-readable Japanese dictionary. In addition, we augmented the relations in our database with a thesaurus of verb argument structures, which identifies synonymy and antonymy between PASs. Our database consists of 29,555 entries and 45,905 relations between PASs. In a preliminary experiment with this database, we constructed a system that recognizes synonymy between PASs in Web documents with a precision of about 0.80.","PeriodicalId":339811,"journal":{"name":"2008 Second International Symposium on Universal Communication","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132697686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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