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Minimization and Eulerian Formulation of Differential Geormetry Based Nonpolar Multiscale Solvation Models 基于非极性多尺度溶剂化模型的微分几何最小化和欧拉公式
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2016-12-30 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2016-0005
Zhan Chen
Abstract In this work, the existence of a global minimizer for the previous Lagrangian formulation of nonpolar solvation model proposed in [1] has been proved. One of the proofs involves a construction of a phase field model that converges to the Lagrangian formulation. Moreover, an Eulerian formulation of nonpolar solvation model is proposed and implemented under a similar parameterization scheme to that in [1]. By doing so, the connection, similarity and difference between the Eulerian formulation and its Lagrangian counterpart can be analyzed. It turns out that both of them have a great potential in solvation prediction for nonpolar molecules, while their decompositions of attractive and repulsive parts are different. That indicates a distinction between phase field models of solvation and our Eulerian formulation.
本文证明了[1]中提出的非极性溶剂化模型的拉格朗日公式的全局极小值的存在性。其中一个证明涉及一个相场模型的构造,该模型收敛于拉格朗日公式。此外,提出了非极性溶剂化模型的欧拉公式,并在与[1]类似的参数化方案下实现。这样,就可以分析欧拉公式与拉格朗日公式之间的联系、相同点和不同点。结果表明,这两种方法在非极性分子的溶剂化预测中都有很大的潜力,但它们的吸引部分和排斥部分的分解是不同的。这表明了溶剂化相场模型和欧拉公式之间的区别。
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引用次数: 3
Multiple dimensional space for protein interface residue characterization 蛋白质界面残基的多维空间表征
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2016-12-23 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2016-0004
Tingyi Cao, Yongxiao Yang, Xinqi Gong
Abstract Proteins interact to perform biological functions through specific interface residues. Correctly understanding the mechanisms of interface recognition and prediction are important for many aspects of life science studies. Here, we report a novel architecture to study protein interface residues. In our method, multiple dimensional space was built on some meaningful features. Then we divided the space and put all the surface residues into the regions according to their features’ values. Interestingly, interface residues were found to prefer some grids clustered together. We obtained excellent result on a public and verified data benchmark. Our approach not only opens up a new train of thought for interface residue prediction, but also will help to understand proteins interaction more deeply.
蛋白质通过特定的界面残基相互作用来执行生物学功能。正确理解界面识别和预测的机制对生命科学研究的许多方面都很重要。在这里,我们报告了一种新的结构来研究蛋白质界面残基。在我们的方法中,多维空间是建立在一些有意义的特征之上的。然后对空间进行划分,并将所有表面残差根据其特征值划分到相应的区域中。有趣的是,界面残基更倾向于一些网格聚集在一起。我们在公开和经过验证的数据基准测试中获得了优异的成绩。我们的方法不仅为界面残馀预测开辟了一条新的思路,而且有助于更深入地了解蛋白质相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Persistent Homology Analysis of RNA RNA的持续同源性分析
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2016-12-05 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2016-0002
A. Mamuye, M. Rucco, L. Tesei, E. Merelli
Abstract Topological data analysis has been recently used to extract meaningful information frombiomolecules. Here we introduce the application of persistent homology, a topological data analysis tool, for computing persistent features (loops) of the RNA folding space. The scaffold of the RNA folding space is a complex graph from which the global features are extracted by completing the graph to a simplicial complex via the notion of clique and Vietoris-Rips complexes. The resulting simplicial complexes are characterised in terms of topological invariants, such as the number of holes in any dimension, i.e. Betti numbers. Our approach discovers persistent structural features, which are the set of smallest components to which the RNA folding space can be reduced. Thanks to this discovery, which in terms of data mining can be considered as a space dimension reduction, it is possible to extract a new insight that is crucial for understanding the mechanism of the RNA folding towards the optimal secondary structure. This structure is composed by the components discovered during the reduction step of the RNA folding space and is characterized by minimum free energy.
摘要近年来,拓扑数据分析已被用于从生物分子中提取有意义的信息。本文介绍了拓扑数据分析工具持久同源性(persistent homology)在计算RNA折叠空间持久特征(环)中的应用。RNA折叠空间的支架是一个复图,通过团和Vietoris-Rips复合体的概念,将复图补全为简单复合体,从中提取全局特征。所得到的简单复合体是用拓扑不变量来表征的,例如在任何维度上的孔数,即贝蒂数。我们的方法发现了持久的结构特征,这是RNA折叠空间可以减少的最小组件集。由于这一发现,在数据挖掘方面可以被认为是空间维数的减少,因此有可能提取出对理解RNA折叠机制至关重要的新见解,以实现最佳二级结构。该结构由RNA折叠空间还原过程中发现的组分组成,其特点是自由能最小。
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引用次数: 8
Mesh Generation and Flexible Shape Comparisons for Bio-Molecules 生物分子的网格生成和柔性形状比较
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2016-04-07 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2016-0001
Zhanheng Gao, Reihaneh Rostami, Xiaoli Pang, Zhicheng Fu, Zeyun Yu
Abstract Novel approaches for generating and comparing flexible (non-rigid) molecular surface meshes are developed. The mesh-generating method is fast and memory-efficient. The resulting meshes are smooth and accurate, and possess high mesh quality. An isometric-invariant shape descriptor based on the Laplace- Beltrami operator is then explored for mesh comparing. The new shape descriptor is more powerful in discriminating different surface shapes but rely only on a small set of signature values. The shape descriptor is applied to shape comparison between molecules with deformed structures. The proposed methods are implemented into a program that can be used as a stand-alone software tool or as a plug-in to other existing molecular modeling tools. Particularly, the code is encapsulated into a software toolkit with a user-friendly graphical interface developed by the authors.
摘要:提出了柔性(非刚性)分子表面网格生成和比较的新方法。该网格生成方法具有快速、节省内存的特点。所得网格平滑、准确,网格质量高。在此基础上,提出了一种基于拉普拉斯-贝尔特拉米算子的等距不变形状描述子,用于网格比较。新的形状描述符在区分不同的表面形状方面更强大,但仅依赖于一小部分签名值。将形状描述符应用于具有变形结构的分子之间的形状比较。所提出的方法被实现到一个程序中,该程序可以用作独立的软件工具或作为其他现有分子建模工具的插件。特别地,代码被封装到一个由作者开发的具有用户友好图形界面的软件工具包中。
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引用次数: 5
Local Changes in Lipid Composition to Match Membrane Curvature 脂质组成的局部变化与膜曲率相匹配
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2016-02-05 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2016-0003
R. Ryham
Abstract A continuum mechanical model based on the Helfrich Hamiltonian is devised to investigate the coupling between lipid composition and membrane curvature. Each monolayer in the bilayer is modeled as a freely deformable surface with a director field for lipid orientation. A scalar field for the mole fraction of two lipid types accounts for local changes in composition. It allows lipids to access monolayer regions favorable to their intrinsic curvature at the expense of increasing entropic free energy. Hemifusion is one of the key fusion intermediates with regions of both positive and negative membrane curvature and where proteins must supply energy in order to bring about large elastic distortions. Using a numerical gradient descent scheme, minimal energy axisymmetric shapes of hemifusion diaphragms are calculated for varying radii. Previous studies assumed a fixed, weighted average for spontaneous curvature. Allowing for local changes in spontaneous curvature yields energies and forces of expansion significantly lower than those obtained from a fixed composition.
摘要建立了基于Helfrich哈密顿量的连续介质力学模型,研究了膜曲率与脂质组成的耦合关系。双分子层中的每一个单分子层都被建模成一个自由变形的表面,具有一个用于脂质取向的定向场。两种脂质摩尔分数的标量场解释了组成的局部变化。它允许脂质以增加熵自由能为代价进入有利于其固有曲率的单层区域。半融合是关键的融合中间体之一,它具有正、负膜曲率区域,蛋白质必须在该区域提供能量才能产生较大的弹性扭曲。采用数值梯度下降格式,计算了不同半径下半渗膜的最小能量轴对称形状。以前的研究假设了一个固定的、加权平均的自发曲率。考虑到自发曲率的局部变化,得到的膨胀能量和力明显低于从固定成分得到的能量和力。
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引用次数: 2
Role of Dispersion Attraction in Differential Geometry Based Nonpolar Solvation Models 色散吸引在基于微分几何的非极性溶剂化模型中的作用
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2015-12-07 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2015-0012
Zhan Chen
Abstract Differential geometry (DG) based solvation models have shown their great success in solvation analysis by avoiding the use of ad hoc surface definitions, coupling the polar and nonpolar free energies, and generating solvent-solute boundary in a physically self-consistent fashion. Parameter optimization is a key factor for their accuracy, predictive ability of solvation free energies, and other applications. Recently, a series of efforts have been made to improve the parameterization of these new implicit solvent models. In thiswork, we aim at studying the role of dispersion attraction in the parameterization of our DG based solvation models. To this end, we first investigate the necessity of van derWaals (vdW) dispersion interactions in the model and then carry out systematic parameterization for the model in the absence of electrostatic interactions. In particular, we explore how the changes in Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential expression, its decomposition scheme, and choices of some fixed parameter values affect the optimal values of other parameters as well as the overall modeling error. Our study on nonpolar solvation analysis offers insights into the parameterization of nonpolar components for the full DG based models by eliminating uncertainties from the electrostatic polar component. Therefore, it can be regarded as a step towards better parameterization for the full DG based model.
基于微分几何(DG)的溶剂化模型通过避免使用特殊的表面定义,耦合极性和非极性自由能,并以物理自一致的方式生成溶剂-溶质边界,在溶剂化分析中取得了巨大的成功。参数优化是其准确性、溶剂化自由能预测能力和其他应用的关键因素。近年来,人们对这些新的隐式溶剂模型的参数化进行了一系列的改进。在这项工作中,我们的目的是研究分散吸引力在我们的基于DG的溶剂化模型的参数化中的作用。为此,我们首先研究了范德华(vdW)色散相互作用在模型中的必要性,然后对没有静电相互作用的模型进行了系统的参数化。特别是,我们探讨了Lennard-Jones (L-J)势表达式的变化及其分解方案,以及一些固定参数值的选择如何影响其他参数的最优值以及整体建模误差。我们对非极性溶剂化分析的研究通过消除静电极性组分的不确定性,为基于全DG的模型的非极性组分的参数化提供了见解。因此,对于基于全DG的模型,这可以看作是向更好的参数化迈进了一步。
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引用次数: 2
Fast and Robust Orientation of Cryo-Electron Microscopy Images 冷冻电子显微镜图像的快速和鲁棒定向
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2015-11-30 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2015-0010
Guoliang Xu, Xia Wang, Ming Li, Zhucui Jing
Abstract We present an efficient and reliable algorithm for determining the orientations of noisy images obtained fromprojections of a three-dimensional object. Based on the linear relationship among the common line vectors in one image plane, we construct a sparse matrix, and show that the coordinates of the common line vectors are the eigenvectors of the matrix with respect to the eigenvalue 1. The projection directions and in-plane rotation angles can be determined fromthese coordinates. A robust computation method of common lines in the real space using aweighted cross-correlation function is proposed to increase the robustness of the algorithm against the noise. A small number of good leading images, which have the maximal dissimilarity, are used to increase the reliability of orientations and improve the efficiency for determining the orientations of all the images. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient.
摘要本文提出了一种高效可靠的算法,用于确定三维物体投影得到的噪声图像的方向。基于一个图像平面上的公共线向量之间的线性关系,构造了一个稀疏矩阵,并证明了公共线向量的坐标是该矩阵关于特征值1的特征向量。投影方向和面内旋转角度可以由这些坐标确定。为了提高算法对噪声的鲁棒性,提出了一种利用加权互相关函数在实空间中鲁棒计算共线的方法。采用少量差异性最大的优秀先导图像,增加了定向的可靠性,提高了确定所有图像定向的效率。数值实验表明,该算法是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Membrane-Channel Protein System Mesh Construction for Finite Element Simulations 有限元模拟的膜-通道蛋白质系统网格构建
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2015-11-06 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2015-0008
Tiantian Liu, Shiyang Bai, Bin Tu, Minxin Chen, B. Lu
Abstract We present a method of constructing the volume meshes of the membrane-channel protein system for finite element simulation of ion channels. The membrane channel system consists of the solvent region and the membrane-protein region. Our method focuses on labeling the tetrahedra in the solvent and membrane-protein regions and collecting the interface triangles between different regions. It contains two stages. Firstly, a volume mesh conforming the surface of the channel protein is generated by the surface and volume mesh generation tools: TMSmesh and TetGen. Then a walk-and-detect algorithm is used to identify the pore region to embed the membrane correctly. This method is shown to be robust because of its independence of the pore structure of the ion channels. In addition, we can also get the information of whether the ion channel is open or closed by the walk-and-detect algorithm. An on-line meshing procedure will be available at our website www.continuummodel.org.
提出了一种构建膜-通道蛋白质系统体积网格的方法,用于离子通道的有限元模拟。膜通道系统由溶剂区和膜-蛋白区组成。我们的方法侧重于标记溶剂和膜蛋白区域的四面体,并收集不同区域之间的界面三角形。它包含两个阶段。首先,利用曲面网格生成工具TMSmesh和TetGen生成符合通道蛋白表面的体积网格;然后采用游动检测算法识别孔区,实现膜的正确嵌入。由于该方法与离子通道的孔结构无关,因此具有较强的鲁棒性。此外,我们还可以通过游动检测算法获得离子通道是打开还是关闭的信息。在线网格划分程序将在我们的网站www.continuummodel.org上提供。
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引用次数: 13
SDPBS Web Server for Calculation of Electrostatics of Ionic Solvated Biomolecules 离子溶剂化生物分子静电计算的SDPBS Web服务器
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2015-0011
Yi Jiang, Yang Xie, Jinyong Ying, Dexuan Xie, Zeyun Yu
Abstract The Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PBE) is one important implicit solvent continuum model for calculating electrostatics of protein in ionic solvent. We recently developed a PBE solver library, called SDPBS, that incorporates the finite element, finite difference, solution decomposition, domain decomposition, and multigrid methods. To make SDPBS more accessible to the scientific community, we present an SDPBS web server in this paper that allows clients to visualize and manipulate the molecular structure of a biomolecule, and to calculate PBE solutions in a remote and user friendly fashion. The web server is available on the website https://lsextrnprod.uwm.edu/electrostatics/.
泊松-玻尔兹曼方程(PBE)是计算离子溶剂中蛋白质静电的一个重要的隐式溶剂连续介质模型。我们最近开发了一个PBE求解器库,称为SDPBS,它集成了有限元、有限差分、解分解、域分解和多网格方法。为了使科学社区更容易访问SDPBS,我们在本文中提出了一个SDPBS web服务器,允许客户端可视化和操作生物分子的分子结构,并以远程和用户友好的方式计算PBE解决方案。web服务器可在https://lsextrnprod.uwm.edu/electrostatics/上找到。
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引用次数: 11
Shape Correspondence Analysis for Biomolecules Based on Volumetric Eigenfunctions 基于体积特征函数的生物分子形状对应分析
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2015-10-08 DOI: 10.1515/mlbmb-2015-0007
Tao Liao, Hao-Chih Lee, Ge Yang, Y. Zhang
Abstract The functionality of biomolecules depends on their flexible structures, which can be characterized by their surface shapes. Tracking the deformation and comparing biomolecular shapes are essential in understanding their mechanisms. In this paper, a new spectral shape correspondence analysis method is introduced for biomolecules based on volumetric eigenfunctions. The eigenfunctions are computed from the joint graph of two given shapes, avoiding the sign flipping and confusion in the order of modes. An initial correspondence is built based on the distribution of a shape diameter, which matches similar surface features in different shapes and guides the eigenfunction computation. A two-step scheme is developed to determine the final correspondence. The first step utilizes volumetric eigenfunctions to correct the assignment of boundary nodes that disobeys the main structures. The second step minimizes the distortion induced by deforming one shape to the other. As a result, a dense point correspondence is constructed between the two given shapes, based on which we approximate and predict the shape deformation, as well as quantitatively measure the detailed shape differences.
生物分子的功能取决于其柔性结构,而柔性结构可以通过其表面形状来表征。跟踪变形和比较生物分子形状对于理解其机制至关重要。本文提出了一种基于体积特征函数的生物分子光谱形状对应分析方法。特征函数由两个给定形状的联合图计算,避免了符号翻转和模态顺序混乱。基于形状直径的分布建立初始对应关系,匹配不同形状的相似表面特征,指导特征函数的计算。提出了一种确定最终对应关系的两步方案。第一步利用体积特征函数修正不服从主结构的边界节点分配。第二步是将一种形状变形为另一种形状所引起的变形最小化。结果,在两个给定形状之间构建密集的点对应关系,在此基础上近似和预测形状变形,并定量测量详细的形状差异。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Computational and Mathematical Biophysics
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