Intention recognition has significant applications in ambient intelligence, for example in assisted living and care of the elderly, in games and in intrusion and other crime detection. In this paper we propose an intention recognition system based on the event calculus. The system, called WIREC, exploits profiles, contextual information, heuristics and any available integrity constraints together with plan libraries and a basic theory of actions, causality and ramifications. Whenever the profile and context suggest there is a usual pattern of behaviour on the part of the actor the search for intention can be focused on existing plan libraries. On the other hand, when no such information is available or if the behaviour of the actor deviates from the usual pattern the search for intention can revert to the basic theory of actions, in effect dynamically constructing partial plans corresponding to the actions executed by the actor.
{"title":"Intention Recognition with Event Calculus Graphs","authors":"F. Sadri","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.83","url":null,"abstract":"Intention recognition has significant applications in ambient intelligence, for example in assisted living and care of the elderly, in games and in intrusion and other crime detection. In this paper we propose an intention recognition system based on the event calculus. The system, called WIREC, exploits profiles, contextual information, heuristics and any available integrity constraints together with plan libraries and a basic theory of actions, causality and ramifications. Whenever the profile and context suggest there is a usual pattern of behaviour on the part of the actor the search for intention can be focused on existing plan libraries. On the other hand, when no such information is available or if the behaviour of the actor deviates from the usual pattern the search for intention can revert to the basic theory of actions, in effect dynamically constructing partial plans corresponding to the actions executed by the actor.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129925723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
How best to represent text data is an important problem in text mining tasks including information retrieval, clustering, classification and etc.. In this paper, we proposed a compact document representation with term semantic units which are identified from the implicit and explicit semantic information. Among it, the implicit semantic information is extracted from syntactic content via statistical methods such as latent semantic indexing and information bottleneck. The explicit semantic information is mined from the external semantic resource (Wikipedia). The proposed compact representation model can map a document collection in a low-dimension space (term semantic units which are much less than the number of all unique terms). Experimental results on real data sets have shown that the compact representation efficiently improve the performance of text clustering.
{"title":"Text Clustering via Term Semantic Units","authors":"L. Jing, Jiali Yun, Jian Yu, Houkuan Huang","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.23","url":null,"abstract":"How best to represent text data is an important problem in text mining tasks including information retrieval, clustering, classification and etc.. In this paper, we proposed a compact document representation with term semantic units which are identified from the implicit and explicit semantic information. Among it, the implicit semantic information is extracted from syntactic content via statistical methods such as latent semantic indexing and information bottleneck. The explicit semantic information is mined from the external semantic resource (Wikipedia). The proposed compact representation model can map a document collection in a low-dimension space (term semantic units which are much less than the number of all unique terms). Experimental results on real data sets have shown that the compact representation efficiently improve the performance of text clustering.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121900102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The indexing vocabulary is an important determinant of success in text retrieval. Researchers have compared the effectiveness of indexing strategies using free-text and controlled vocabularies in a variety of text contexts. This paper introduces a new approach in creating indices for medical literature using the Semantic Graph (SG) derived from both UMLS Metathesaurus and WordNet. Our performance studies indicate that using the Semantic Graph based strategy results in an increase in 11pt-average precision over traditional free-text and MeSH indexed strategies.
{"title":"Semantic Graph Based Document-Indexing Strategy for MEDLINE","authors":"William P. Taylor, J. Wang","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.65","url":null,"abstract":"The indexing vocabulary is an important determinant of success in text retrieval. Researchers have compared the effectiveness of indexing strategies using free-text and controlled vocabularies in a variety of text contexts. This paper introduces a new approach in creating indices for medical literature using the Semantic Graph (SG) derived from both UMLS Metathesaurus and WordNet. Our performance studies indicate that using the Semantic Graph based strategy results in an increase in 11pt-average precision over traditional free-text and MeSH indexed strategies.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127081747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Real-time systems can be defined as systems operating under specific timing constraints, either hard or soft ones. In principle, agent systems are considered inappropriate for such kinds of systems, due to the asynchronous nature of their communication protocols, which directly influences their temporal behavior. Nevertheless, multi-agent systems could be successfully employed for solving problems where failure to meet a deadline does not have serious consequences, given the existence of a fail-safe system mechanism. Current work focuses on the analysis of multi-agent systems behavior under such soft real-time constraints. To this end, ERMIS has been developed: an integrated framework that provides the agent developer with the ability to benchmark his/her own architecture and identify its limitations and its optimal timing behavior, under specific hardware/software constraints. A variety of MAS configurations have been tested and indicative results are discussed within the context of this paper.
{"title":"Monitoring Agent Communication in Soft Real-Time Environments","authors":"A. Symeonidis, P. Mitkas","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.198","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time systems can be defined as systems operating under specific timing constraints, either hard or soft ones. In principle, agent systems are considered inappropriate for such kinds of systems, due to the asynchronous nature of their communication protocols, which directly influences their temporal behavior. Nevertheless, multi-agent systems could be successfully employed for solving problems where failure to meet a deadline does not have serious consequences, given the existence of a fail-safe system mechanism. Current work focuses on the analysis of multi-agent systems behavior under such soft real-time constraints. To this end, ERMIS has been developed: an integrated framework that provides the agent developer with the ability to benchmark his/her own architecture and identify its limitations and its optimal timing behavior, under specific hardware/software constraints. A variety of MAS configurations have been tested and indicative results are discussed within the context of this paper.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125682032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guowei Dong, Shizhong Wu, Guisi Wang, Tao Guo, Yonggang Huang
The correctness of mission-critical software is an important part of information security, but oracle problem and test data generation are constraints for some programs. Although metamorphic testing (MT) is practical for programs with oracle problem and evolutionary testing (ET) is a good application of genetic algorithm (GA) for automatic test data generation, fitness functions used in ET are not always effective at target search. This article provides a method for improving ET’s efficiency by considering metamorphic relation (MR) when fitness function is constructed, and finally some conclusions are presented.
{"title":"Security Assurance with Metamorphic Testing and Genetic Algorithm","authors":"Guowei Dong, Shizhong Wu, Guisi Wang, Tao Guo, Yonggang Huang","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.101","url":null,"abstract":"The correctness of mission-critical software is an important part of information security, but oracle problem and test data generation are constraints for some programs. Although metamorphic testing (MT) is practical for programs with oracle problem and evolutionary testing (ET) is a good application of genetic algorithm (GA) for automatic test data generation, fitness functions used in ET are not always effective at target search. This article provides a method for improving ET’s efficiency by considering metamorphic relation (MR) when fitness function is constructed, and finally some conclusions are presented.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125411510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surjeet Mishra, A. Gorai, Tavleen Oberoi, Hiranmay Ghosh
In this paper, we present a few innovative techniques for visualization of content and contextual information of a multimedia digital library for effective browsing. A traditional collection visualization portal often depicts some metadata or a short synopsis, which is quite inadequate for assessing the documents. We have designed a novel web portal that incorporates a few preview facilities to disclose an abstract of the contents. Moreover, we place the documents on Google Maps to make its geographical context explicit. A semantic network, created automatically around the collection, brings out other contextual information from external knowledge resources like Wikipedia which is used for navigating collection. This paper also reports economical hosting techniques using Amazon Cloud.
{"title":"Efficient Visualization of Content and Contextual Information of an Online Multimedia Digital Library for Effective Browsing","authors":"Surjeet Mishra, A. Gorai, Tavleen Oberoi, Hiranmay Ghosh","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.96","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a few innovative techniques for visualization of content and contextual information of a multimedia digital library for effective browsing. A traditional collection visualization portal often depicts some metadata or a short synopsis, which is quite inadequate for assessing the documents. We have designed a novel web portal that incorporates a few preview facilities to disclose an abstract of the contents. Moreover, we place the documents on Google Maps to make its geographical context explicit. A semantic network, created automatically around the collection, brings out other contextual information from external knowledge resources like Wikipedia which is used for navigating collection. This paper also reports economical hosting techniques using Amazon Cloud.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123761573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Group modeling is still an open challenge problem in pedestrian crowd simulations. Most existing work is based on socio-psychological models which can only describe the dynamics of pedestrians’ socio-psychological states. The ability of dynamic grouping also requires that pedestrians are intelligent to behave adaptively in the ever changing environment. However, little work has incorporated the effect of artificial intelligence in the study of group behaviors. This paper describes a novel model to simulate dynamic groups based on both utility theory and social comparison theory. To our knowledge, the model is one of few models using utility theory and social comparison theory to model group behaviors. Experiment results suggest that groups can be dynamically formed and grouping has significant effect on crowd behaviors. Besides, the model can also be used to simulate various structures in dynamic groups.
{"title":"Modeling Dynamic Groups for Agent-Based Pedestrian Crowd Simulations","authors":"Fasheng Qiu, Xiaolin Hu","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.9","url":null,"abstract":"Group modeling is still an open challenge problem in pedestrian crowd simulations. Most existing work is based on socio-psychological models which can only describe the dynamics of pedestrians’ socio-psychological states. The ability of dynamic grouping also requires that pedestrians are intelligent to behave adaptively in the ever changing environment. However, little work has incorporated the effect of artificial intelligence in the study of group behaviors. This paper describes a novel model to simulate dynamic groups based on both utility theory and social comparison theory. To our knowledge, the model is one of few models using utility theory and social comparison theory to model group behaviors. Experiment results suggest that groups can be dynamically formed and grouping has significant effect on crowd behaviors. Besides, the model can also be used to simulate various structures in dynamic groups.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127386823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper proposes a biologically-inspired cognitive agent model, known as FALCON-X, based on an integration of the Adaptive Control of Thought (ACT-R) architecture and a class of self-organizing neural networks called fusion Adaptive Resonance Theory (fusion ART). By replacing the production system of ACT-R by a fusion ART model, FALCON-X integrates high-level deliberative cognitive behaviors and real-time learning abilities, based on biologically plausible neural pathways. We illustrate how FALCON-X, consisting of a core inference area interacting with the associated intentional, declarative, perceptual, motor and critic memory modules, can be used to build virtual robots for battles in a simulated RoboCode domain. The performance of FALCON-X demonstrates the efficacy of the hybrid approach.
{"title":"A Biologically-Inspired Cognitive Agent Model Integrating Declarative Knowledge and Reinforcement Learning","authors":"A. Tan, G. Ng","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.210","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a biologically-inspired cognitive agent model, known as FALCON-X, based on an integration of the Adaptive Control of Thought (ACT-R) architecture and a class of self-organizing neural networks called fusion Adaptive Resonance Theory (fusion ART). By replacing the production system of ACT-R by a fusion ART model, FALCON-X integrates high-level deliberative cognitive behaviors and real-time learning abilities, based on biologically plausible neural pathways. We illustrate how FALCON-X, consisting of a core inference area interacting with the associated intentional, declarative, perceptual, motor and critic memory modules, can be used to build virtual robots for battles in a simulated RoboCode domain. The performance of FALCON-X demonstrates the efficacy of the hybrid approach.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129151166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The abundance of content on the web and the lack of quality control require more refined approaches in analyzing online information. In this paper, we propose evaluating the extent to which web search results cover important and recent news related to real-world objects. Our method allows for identifying search results that provide comprehensive overviews of major events related to user queries or that contain most recent information.
{"title":"Estimating News Coverage of Web Search Results","authors":"A. Jatowt, Yukiko Kawai, Katsumi Tanaka","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.252","url":null,"abstract":"The abundance of content on the web and the lack of quality control require more refined approaches in analyzing online information. In this paper, we propose evaluating the extent to which web search results cover important and recent news related to real-world objects. Our method allows for identifying search results that provide comprehensive overviews of major events related to user queries or that contain most recent information.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129172790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes a framework that supports concurrent execution of multiple activities required for performing complex, cooperative tasks in dynamic environments. The framework is used for coordinating and managing the development and operation of a system of multi-threaded robotic agents that operate in a distributed spatial environment. Coloured Petri Nets are used to characterise task plans and interactions for the agents, which are situated in environments over which inter-agent communication has a limited range. We show that the multi-agent framework supports adaptive coordination to altered conditions in dynamic environments.
{"title":"A Distributed and Concurrent Framework for Facilitating Cooperation in Dynamic Environments","authors":"Toktam Ebadi, Maryam A. Purvis, M. Purvis","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2010.260","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a framework that supports concurrent execution of multiple activities required for performing complex, cooperative tasks in dynamic environments. The framework is used for coordinating and managing the development and operation of a system of multi-threaded robotic agents that operate in a distributed spatial environment. Coloured Petri Nets are used to characterise task plans and interactions for the agents, which are situated in environments over which inter-agent communication has a limited range. We show that the multi-agent framework supports adaptive coordination to altered conditions in dynamic environments.","PeriodicalId":340211,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133609355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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