We have developed atomic-scale material models capable of simulating melting, crystallization and amorphization. These models feature molecular dynamics governed by Langevin equations of motion in which particles interact through attractive covalent forces and short-range repulsion forces. Also, we present an interactive virtual visualization tool for the simulation of atomic scale material behavior. An application of this research is to understand the processes that can control the quality of a single-crystal Si grown from the melt.
{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulation and visualization","authors":"R. Durikovic, T. Motooka","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781579","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed atomic-scale material models capable of simulating melting, crystallization and amorphization. These models feature molecular dynamics governed by Langevin equations of motion in which particles interact through attractive covalent forces and short-range repulsion forces. Also, we present an interactive virtual visualization tool for the simulation of atomic scale material behavior. An application of this research is to understand the processes that can control the quality of a single-crystal Si grown from the melt.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114998458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper investigates human cognitive performance when information is presented via augmented reality (AR) and overlaid upon a primary display. Initial results support traditional experimental paradigms of human memory (G.A. Miller, 1956) and comprehension of information (C.D. Wickens, 1992), and have been used to compare AR and standard display formats when used in isolation. Results from these experiments provide a fundamental baseline for cognitive performance with a see-through AR headset. Furthermore the results lay the foundations for more comprehensive trials later in the research programme when the display formats are combined to provide a full AR facility. Consideration is given to the specific effects of cumulative clutter and two experiments are outlined that investigate the effects on target identification. Although the data are still being analysed, further consideration is given to key points addressed in the experimental design. Details of a dedicated Web site are provided where information will be consolidated and provide a basis for developing guidelines for the future development and application of AR technology.
{"title":"Old theories, new technologies: cumulative clutter effects using augmented reality","authors":"A. Stedmon, R. Kalawsky, K. Hill, C. Cook","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781549","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates human cognitive performance when information is presented via augmented reality (AR) and overlaid upon a primary display. Initial results support traditional experimental paradigms of human memory (G.A. Miller, 1956) and comprehension of information (C.D. Wickens, 1992), and have been used to compare AR and standard display formats when used in isolation. Results from these experiments provide a fundamental baseline for cognitive performance with a see-through AR headset. Furthermore the results lay the foundations for more comprehensive trials later in the research programme when the display formats are combined to provide a full AR facility. Consideration is given to the specific effects of cumulative clutter and two experiments are outlined that investigate the effects on target identification. Although the data are still being analysed, further consideration is given to key points addressed in the experimental design. Details of a dedicated Web site are provided where information will be consolidated and provide a basis for developing guidelines for the future development and application of AR technology.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123051845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our society, apparati of electronic surveillance and satellite systems pervade almost every sector of our public and private lives. Information concerning individuals is controlled mostly by institutions, serving bureaucratic or corporate interest. The paper examines the possibilities of counter-surveillance in socio-cultural practices through Steve Mann's Shooting Back (S. Mann, 1997). In this 'meta-documentary', Mann dares to shoot back at the power of institutions and capital by recording the very devices of surveillance (e.g., surveillance cameras) with his tiny TV camera NetCam, which is hidden in his eyeglasses and connected to his wearable computer. This 'shooting' usually provokes quarrels with the clerks or the security guards. NetCam transmits the whole situation to share simultaneously with others who have access to his Web site. Through this skirmish with authority, we can examine the structure of omnipresent, 'capillary' power and grope for the possibilities for counterveillance via World-Wide Web.
{"title":"Mirroring Medusa: counterveillance in Shooting Back","authors":"Jieun Rhee","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781589","url":null,"abstract":"In our society, apparati of electronic surveillance and satellite systems pervade almost every sector of our public and private lives. Information concerning individuals is controlled mostly by institutions, serving bureaucratic or corporate interest. The paper examines the possibilities of counter-surveillance in socio-cultural practices through Steve Mann's Shooting Back (S. Mann, 1997). In this 'meta-documentary', Mann dares to shoot back at the power of institutions and capital by recording the very devices of surveillance (e.g., surveillance cameras) with his tiny TV camera NetCam, which is hidden in his eyeglasses and connected to his wearable computer. This 'shooting' usually provokes quarrels with the clerks or the security guards. NetCam transmits the whole situation to share simultaneously with others who have access to his Web site. Through this skirmish with authority, we can examine the structure of omnipresent, 'capillary' power and grope for the possibilities for counterveillance via World-Wide Web.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"55 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120897890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A semantic-centric approach to information visualization is described in this paper. In contrast to the conventional document-centric approaches, the semantic-centric approach focuses on the intrinsic connectivity in an information space beyond the boundary of individual documents. The approach aims to visualize the profound interrelationships perceived by the scientific community through the literature. An application of this approach is demonstrated through an author co-citation analysis of the entire collection of the ACM Hypertext conference proceedings over the last decade. Sub-fields, or specialties, in the field of hypertext are visualized based on the results of a factor analysis of author co-citation patterns. Nine snapshots of annual author co-citation maps introduce a new way of knowledge discovering in an information space shaped by the contemporary literature.
{"title":"A semantic-centric approach to information visualization","authors":"Chaomei Chen, L. Carr","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781529","url":null,"abstract":"A semantic-centric approach to information visualization is described in this paper. In contrast to the conventional document-centric approaches, the semantic-centric approach focuses on the intrinsic connectivity in an information space beyond the boundary of individual documents. The approach aims to visualize the profound interrelationships perceived by the scientific community through the literature. An application of this approach is demonstrated through an author co-citation analysis of the entire collection of the ACM Hypertext conference proceedings over the last decade. Sub-fields, or specialties, in the field of hypertext are visualized based on the results of a factor analysis of author co-citation patterns. Nine snapshots of annual author co-citation maps introduce a new way of knowledge discovering in an information space shaped by the contemporary literature.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124707149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have developed a new analysis algorithm that has several advantages compared to current approaches: it is more accurate, it directly recovers position of the cornea, and it produces a continuous map over the entire surface. To develop this algorithm, we have assimilated ideas from a variety of fields, including ray-tracing (computer graphics and optics), smooth B-spline surfaces (geometric modeling) and simulation.
{"title":"The optical project: optics and topography involving the cornea and lens","authors":"B. Barsky","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781527","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a new analysis algorithm that has several advantages compared to current approaches: it is more accurate, it directly recovers position of the cornea, and it produces a continuous map over the entire surface. To develop this algorithm, we have assimilated ideas from a variety of fields, including ray-tracing (computer graphics and optics), smooth B-spline surfaces (geometric modeling) and simulation.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114896018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a method to automatically organize and visualize related work events as a work-project structure. This is accomplished by accumulating and analyzing the target event and time of the user's operations such as registrations and references on a personal information management system (PIM). Our processes for organization are: (1) extracting relations between events from the records of user's reference operations using balloon-help function, (2) intensifying the relations between events during interaction with the user by visualizing the relations and presenting them to the user, (3) making connections between events based on the extracted relations. Our visualization method represents the organized work events as connected graphs in which nodes and arcs indicate events and relations between events, and in which the intensity of the relation is represented with arcs of width in proportion to the intensity. Furthermore, in order to visualize a structure of collaboration among several users, our visualization method places each user's connected graph on the side planes of a three-dimensional multi-angular prism.
{"title":"Organizing and visualizing related work events on personal information management systems","authors":"Akira Abeta, K. Satoh, Ken'ichi Kakizaki","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781539","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method to automatically organize and visualize related work events as a work-project structure. This is accomplished by accumulating and analyzing the target event and time of the user's operations such as registrations and references on a personal information management system (PIM). Our processes for organization are: (1) extracting relations between events from the records of user's reference operations using balloon-help function, (2) intensifying the relations between events during interaction with the user by visualizing the relations and presenting them to the user, (3) making connections between events based on the extracted relations. Our visualization method represents the organized work events as connected graphs in which nodes and arcs indicate events and relations between events, and in which the intensity of the relation is represented with arcs of width in proportion to the intensity. Furthermore, in order to visualize a structure of collaboration among several users, our visualization method places each user's connected graph on the side planes of a three-dimensional multi-angular prism.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129915896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A stereo vision based system for composition of natural and computer generated images is presented. The system focuses on the solution of four essential tasks in computer vision: disparity estimation, object segmentation, modeling and tracking. These tasks are performed in direct interaction with each other using novel and available multiview analysis techniques and standard computer graphics algorithms. The system is assessed by processing natural video sequences. Selected results are reported.
{"title":"Video composition by spatiotemporal object segmentation, 3D-structure and tracking","authors":"E. Izquierdo, M. Ghanbari","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781558","url":null,"abstract":"A stereo vision based system for composition of natural and computer generated images is presented. The system focuses on the solution of four essential tasks in computer vision: disparity estimation, object segmentation, modeling and tracking. These tasks are performed in direct interaction with each other using novel and available multiview analysis techniques and standard computer graphics algorithms. The system is assessed by processing natural video sequences. Selected results are reported.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129117686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A C/sup 2/ curve interpolation scheme for monotonic data has been developed. This scheme uses piecewise rational cubic functions. The two families of parameters, in the description of the rational interpolant, have been constrained to preserve the shape of the data. The monotone rational cubic spline scheme has a unique representation.
{"title":"A smooth rational spline for visualizing monotone data","authors":"M. Sarfraz","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781584","url":null,"abstract":"A C/sup 2/ curve interpolation scheme for monotonic data has been developed. This scheme uses piecewise rational cubic functions. The two families of parameters, in the description of the rational interpolant, have been constrained to preserve the shape of the data. The monotone rational cubic spline scheme has a unique representation.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134238926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the main problems of the Web is its dominant textual characteristics. Since the natural way designers express their design ideas is in graphical form, accessing graphical information is a key issue. Since most of the design documents which are created today are products of CAD programs, our current research emphasis is upon indexing and retrieval of CAD documents on the Web. We present an approach for the utility and accessibility of CAD based design information. An approach for the use of CAD documents as a form of distributed case based design resource on the Web is proposed. Possibilities for employing case based CAD as a theoretical foundation for building large design resource bases on the Web are presented.
{"title":"The Web as a visual design medium","authors":"R. Oxman, A. Shabo","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781569","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main problems of the Web is its dominant textual characteristics. Since the natural way designers express their design ideas is in graphical form, accessing graphical information is a key issue. Since most of the design documents which are created today are products of CAD programs, our current research emphasis is upon indexing and retrieval of CAD documents on the Web. We present an approach for the utility and accessibility of CAD based design information. An approach for the use of CAD documents as a form of distributed case based design resource on the Web is proposed. Possibilities for employing case based CAD as a theoretical foundation for building large design resource bases on the Web are presented.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116933440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Employment generation in the construction of economically efficient infrastructure can contribute to the alleviation of poverty. Practical Choice of Technique Analysis (COTA-P) is a tool that enables decision makers to estimate the financial and socio-economic costs involved in a construction. COTA-P looks at the construction from an employment-intensive perspective, with the underlying idea to substitute as much labour for machines as is feasible, and to promote the use of local labour in underdeveloped and poor areas. COTA-P consists of a technical screening phase, a financial and socio-economical screening phase, and thirdly the monitoring and evaluation phase. Each phase analyses the possibility of the enhanced use of labour. COTA-P is programmed in a Windows 32-bit environment, and gives the user maximum user friendliness, while allowing for extensive manipulation of the core variables and parameters, thus enabling the user to analyse various scenarios in a short time.
{"title":"Visualisation of construction costs and techniques of employment-intensive road construction in developing areas","authors":"F. T. Parkins, R. McCutcheon","doi":"10.1109/IV.1999.781563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.1999.781563","url":null,"abstract":"Employment generation in the construction of economically efficient infrastructure can contribute to the alleviation of poverty. Practical Choice of Technique Analysis (COTA-P) is a tool that enables decision makers to estimate the financial and socio-economic costs involved in a construction. COTA-P looks at the construction from an employment-intensive perspective, with the underlying idea to substitute as much labour for machines as is feasible, and to promote the use of local labour in underdeveloped and poor areas. COTA-P consists of a technical screening phase, a financial and socio-economical screening phase, and thirdly the monitoring and evaluation phase. Each phase analyses the possibility of the enhanced use of labour. COTA-P is programmed in a Windows 32-bit environment, and gives the user maximum user friendliness, while allowing for extensive manipulation of the core variables and parameters, thus enabling the user to analyse various scenarios in a short time.","PeriodicalId":340240,"journal":{"name":"1999 IEEE International Conference on Information Visualization (Cat. No. PR00210)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130169820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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