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Identification of reciprocal hybrids in citrus by the broadness of the leaf petiole wing 利用叶柄翅的宽度鉴定柑桔的互易杂交种
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400023
Rosa Maria Lizana Ballve, H. Medina-Filho, Rita Bordignon
Broadness of leaf petiole wing (WB) was investigated as a morphological marker for screening hybrids of the very narrow-winged species Citrus limonia and C. sunki with broad-winged species C. aurantium and C. sinensis. Controlled polinizations produced over 500 reciprocal hybrids with potential in the ongoing rootstock breeding program identified by the Pgi-1 and Prxa-1 isozyme loci. Measurement ratios WB/leaf length, WB/leaf broadness and WB/petiole length identified 86 to 91% of the reciprocal hybrids produced. However, visual classification of WB was an equally efficient but much easier and faster method. It can be very useful in breeding programs when large number of plants have to be screened or when isozyme, RFLP or RAPD laboratories are not available.
研究了叶柄翅膀宽度(WB)作为筛选极窄翅柑橘(Citrus limonia)和柑橘(C. sunki)与宽翅柑橘(C. aurantium)和柑橘(C. sinensis)杂交品种的形态学标记。通过Pgi-1和Prxa-1同工酶位点鉴定,控制授粉产生了500多个具有砧木育种潜力的互易杂种。叶片/叶长、叶片/叶宽和叶柄/叶长测定率鉴定出86% ~ 91%的互易杂交种。然而,视觉分类WB是一种同样有效但更容易和更快的方法。当大量植物需要筛选或同工酶、RFLP或RAPD实验室不可用时,它在育种计划中非常有用。
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引用次数: 29
Effects of host resistance on the isozymatic patterns of Bipolaris sorokiniana (Dematiaceae, Moniliales) 寄主抗性对双极莲同工酶型的影响
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400001
Marta Elisabeth Valim-Labres, M. D. M. Porto, A. Matsumura
Nine isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana were inoculated on three cultivars of wheat plants (susceptible, moderately resistant, resistant). Eight days after the inoculation, the isolates were recovered (27 isolates) and the following isozymatic patterns were analyzed: esterase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, malate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase. The esterase system was the most polymorphic, and the isolates recovered from the susceptible cultivar showed the highest variability. This is evidence that this cultivar exerts low selection pressure on the pathogen
将9个分离株接种于3个小麦品种(感、中、抗)上。接种8 d后,回收27株菌株,分析其同工酶类型:酯酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、苹果酸脱氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶。酯酶系统的多态性最大,从敏感品种中分离得到的菌株变异最大。这表明该品种对病原菌的选择压力较低
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引用次数: 9
Reproductive isolation between Anastrepha bistrigata and A. striata (Diptera, Tephritidae) 双翅目,绢蛉科,双翅目,纹蛉的生殖隔离
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400005
D. Selivon, J. S. Morgante
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引用次数: 10
Hb Köln [ a 2 b 298(FG5) val-met] identified by DNA analysis in a Brazilian family 通过DNA分析在一个巴西家庭中鉴定出Hb Köln [a 2 b 298(FG5) value -met]
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400030
Sílvia R.P. Miranda, S. F. Fonseca, M. Figueiredo, M. Yamamoto, H. Grotto, S. Saad, F. Costa
Hb Koln resulta da substituicao do aminoacido valina por metionina na posicao 98 da cadeia da hemoglobina. Embora seja a mais frequente das hemoglobinas instaveis, possui poucas caracteristicas que permitem distinguila sem a realizacao de analise estrutural da molecula. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um procedimento alternativo a analise proteica, este trabalho descreve a identificacao da Hb Koln atraves de analise de DNA. Uma paciente branca, sexo feminino, 4 anos de idade, com ictericia desde o nascimento, foi analisada, apresentando uma banda anomala entre A2 e S em eletroforese em acetato de celulose, e migracao eletroforetica semelhante a Hb C em gel de agar. Os testes de instabilidade termica e de precipitacao pelo isopropanol foram positivos e foram observados corpusculos de Heinz no sangue periferico. Os tres exons do gene da globina foram sequenciados e uma transicao de G ® A foi identificada na primeira posicao do codon 98. Essa alteracao nao cria ou abole nenhum sitio conhecido de enzima de restricao. Desta forma, a confirmacao da mutacao foi levada a efeito atraves de hibridizacao com oligonucleotideos aleloespecificos, o que permitiu o estabelecimento de um metodo simples e rapido de identificacao de novos casos quando os dados clinicos e o padrao hematologico e eletroforetico sugerem Hb Koln.
Hb Koln是血红蛋白链98位氨基酸缬氨酸被蛋氨酸取代的结果。虽然它是最常见的不稳定血红蛋白,但在不进行分子结构分析的情况下,它很少有特征可以区分。为了开发一种替代蛋白质分析的方法,本工作描述了通过DNA分析鉴定Hb Koln。我们分析了一名4岁的白人女性患者,自出生以来就出现黄疸,在醋酸纤维素电泳中显示A2和S之间的异常带,在琼脂凝胶中显示类似Hb C的电泳迁移。异丙醇热不稳定性试验和沉淀试验均为阳性,周围血液中观察到亨氏体。对球蛋白基因的三个外显子进行了测序,并在98密码子的第一个位置发现了G®A转变。这种改变不会产生或消除任何已知的限制性内切酶位点。这样一个确认的改变是通过进行hibridizacao和oligonucleotideos aleloespecificos,使得建立一个新病例的方法简单而快速的名字时的临床数据和模式hematologico和eletroforetico表明乙肝科隆。
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引用次数: 25
Potential of twenty exotic germplasms to improve Brazilian maize architecture 20种外来种质改良巴西玉米结构的潜力
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400022
A. R. Neto, L. L. Nass, J. B. M. Filho
Temperate and temperate x tropical germplasms were introduced into the maize breeding of the Department of Genetics (ESALQ-USP). Twenty populations designated as P-1 to P-20 and a check population were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications at Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Plots were 2.0 m long, spaced 1.0 m apart, with 10 plants per plot after thinning. The following traits were evaluated: PH, plant height; EH, ear height; TB, tassel branch number; KW, 100 kernels weight; EL, ear length; ED, ear diameter; KR, kernels per row, and RN, number of rows of kernels. The means of the exotic populations showed a variation in performance for all traits. The population means were greater than check means for KW, EL, and KR. Populations P-9, P-10, P-12, and P-13 showed low relative ear placement values (EH/PH index), indicating that these materials could contribute to lower ear placement in local populations. P-1 and P-9 showed a high potential to reduce TB. The phenotypic correlation coefficients among populations were positive for most combinations, except for RN with PH, EH, TB, and KW. Predictions of 19 composite means were obtained for all traits.
将温带和温带x热带种质资源引入遗传部玉米育种。采用2个重复的完全随机区组设计,对巴西皮拉西卡巴的20个P-1 ~ P-20种群和1个检验种群进行评价。样地长2.0 m,间距1.0 m,间伐后每亩10株。评价了以下性状:PH、株高;EH,耳高;TB,穗枝数;KW: 100粒重;EL:耳长;ED:耳径;KR表示每行的核数,RN表示核的行数。外来种群的平均表现在所有性状上都存在差异。种群均值大于检验均值,种群P-9、P-10、P-12和P-13的相对耳位值(EH/PH指数)较低,表明这些材料可能对当地种群的下耳位有贡献。P-1和P-9显示出很高的减少结核的潜力。除RN与PH、EH、TB和KW的组合外,大多数组合间表型相关系数均为正。对所有性状均获得了19个组合均值的预测结果。
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引用次数: 11
Changes in N2 fixation in Stylosanthes scabra derived from tissue culture 柱花草组织培养中N2固定的变化
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400025
M. J. Valarini, I. Otsuk, M. L. C. Vieira
Plants were regenerated from leaf-derived callus culture of Stylosanthes scabra, a polyploid legume tolerant to drought and adapted to acid soils. A total of 168 regenerants were planted out in Leonard jars in a complete randomized design. Nitrogen fixation and vegetative growth were indirectly evaluated by shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot N content and acetylene reduction activity. The results showed higher variation in the regenerants than in controls not submitted to tissue culture. Significant differences were found for all nitrogen fixation related-traits
以耐干旱、适应酸性土壤的多倍体豆科植物柱花草(Stylosanthes scabra)的叶片愈伤组织为材料进行植株再生。在一个完全随机的设计中,在伦纳德罐子中种植了168个再生体。通过地上部干重、根干重、地上部N含量和乙炔还原活性间接评价固氮和营养生长。结果表明,再生体的变异高于未进行组织培养的对照。各固氮性状间差异均显著
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引用次数: 13
New thermal inducible Streptomyces phages isolated from tropical soils 从热带土壤中分离的新的热诱导噬菌体链霉菌
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400002
A. Balan, G. Padilla
Dois novos fagos de Streptomyces, denominados oBP1 e oBP2, foram isolados de amostras de solos tropicais. Estes fagos apresentaram uma grande faixa de hospedeiros e foram capazes de desenvolver os ciclos litico e lisogenico em diferentes especies de Streptomyces testadas. A temperatura de incubacao mostrou-se importante para o desenvolvimento do ciclo de replicacao. O aumento desta temperatura de 30oC para 37oC ou 42oC induziu o ciclo litico de oBP2 e lisogenico de oBP1 na linhagem hospedeira Streptomyces sp. WL6. Ambos os fagos apresentaram cabeca icosaedrica com talos longos e foram caracterizados em relacao a morfologia, tamanho do genoma, conteudo de G + C e curva de adsorcao
从热带土壤样品中分离出两种新的链霉菌噬菌体oBP1和oBP2。这些噬菌体有广泛的宿主,并能够在不同种类的链霉菌中发展裂解和溶原循环。培养温度对复制周期的发展具有重要意义。将该温度从30°c提高到37°c或42°c,诱导宿主链霉菌WL6的oBP2裂解循环和oBP1溶原循环。两种噬菌体均呈长柄二十面体头,并对其形态、基因组大小、G + C含量和吸附曲线进行了表征
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引用次数: 4
Chromosome study in two Aratinga species (A. guarouba and A. acuticaudata) (Psittaciformes) 两种紫檀(A. guarouba和A. acuticaudata)的染色体研究(鹦鹉目)
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400017
B. Goldschmidt, Denise M Nogueira, Denise Wilches Monsores, Lucia Moreno de Souza
The karyotypes of two species of Psittacidae of the genus Aratinga, Aratinga guarouba and A. acuticaudata were studied for the first time. The metaphases were obtained using a short term culture of feather pulp. These karyotypes are compared with others of the genus and their karyological relationships in the Psittaciformes are discussed
本文首次对两种鹦鹉科鹦鹉属植物——瓜鲁鹦鹉鹦鹉和针叶鹦鹉鹦鹉进行了核型研究。中期是用羽浆短期培养获得的。本文将这些核型与其他种类的核型进行了比较,并讨论了它们在鹦鹉形目中的核学关系
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引用次数: 10
Genetic disease and the development of Human Genetics 遗传疾病与人类遗传学的发展
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400033
B. Beiguelman
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引用次数: 0
Prolactin inhibits auto- and cross-induction of thyroid hormone and estrogen receptor and vitellogenin genes in adult Xenopus (Amphibia) hepatocytes 催乳素抑制成年两栖爪蟾肝细胞中甲状腺激素、雌激素受体和卵黄原基因的自诱导和交叉诱导
Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400010
É. M. Rabelo, J. Tata
E bem estabelecido que virtualmente todos os tecidos das larvas de anfibios sao altamente sensiveis a acao mutuamente antagonista dos hormonios tireoideanos (TH) e prolactina (PRL). Porem, nao e sabido se os tecidos do anfibio adulto respondem de uma forma semelhante a estes hormonios. Em um trabalho anterior, nos demonstramos que baixas doses de triiodotironina (T3) potenciam rapidamente e com alta intensidade a ativacao pelo estrogenio (E2) de genes silenciosos da vitelogenina (Vit), bem como a autoinducao de transcritos de receptores para estrogenio (ER) em culturas primarias de hepatocitos de Xenopus adultos. Esta resposta para o T3 e acompanhada pela ativacao da transcricao do mRNA de receptores b para o hormonio tireoideano (TRb). Atraves das tecnicas de Northern blotting e "RNase protection assay", nos agora estamos mostrando que prolactina ovina adicionada por 12 h, juntamente com 2 x 10-9 M de T3, em culturas primarias de hepatocitos adultos de Xenopus bloqueia completamente a acao de T3 na potenciacao da inducao de mRNA da Vit pelo hormonio E2. PRL tambem aboliu a autoregulacao positiva do mRNA para TRb e a ativacao cruzada da autoinducao do mRNA do ER. Assim, nos estamos mostrando pela primeira vez que a acao anti-TH da PRL, manifestada em girinos de Xenopus durante a metamorfose, e mantida no figado adulto, sugerindo que esta acao mutuamente antagonista dos dois hormonios pode ser desempenhada por mecanismos moleculares semelhantes nos tecidos de ambos os estagios do anfibio.
众所周知,几乎所有的两栖动物幼虫组织都对甲状腺激素(TH)和催乳素(PRL)的相互拮抗作用高度敏感。然而,目前尚不清楚成年两栖动物的组织是否对这些激素有类似的反应。在之前的研究中,我们证明了低剂量的三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)可以快速、高强度地增强卵黄原氨酸(Vit)沉默基因的雌激素(E2)激活,以及雌激素受体(ER)转录本的自诱导。这种对T3的反应伴随着甲状腺激素b受体mRNA转录的激活。通过blotting北部的方法和核糖核酸酶保护试验”,我们现在显示了催乳素增加到12点,再加上2 x 10 M T3的成人肝细胞的原始文化的非洲爪蟾蜍块完全的T3的明星在potenciacao inducao mRNA的维特的激素E2。PRL还抑制了TRb mRNA的正自调节和ER mRNA自诱导的交叉激活。因此,我们首次证明PRL的抗th作用,在非洲爪蟾蝌蚪蜕变期间表现出来,并在成虫中维持,这表明这两种激素的相互拮抗作用可能是通过类似的分子机制在两栖动物的两个阶段的组织中发挥的。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Brazilian Journal of Genetics
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