Pub Date : 1997-12-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400019
I. Schuster, M. A. Souza, A. Cardoso, C. Sediyama, M. Moreira
Bread-making quality is one of the most important targets in the genetic improvement of wheat. Although extensive analyses of quality traits such as farinography, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation, alveography, and baking are made in breeding programs, these analyses require high amounts of seeds which are obtained only in late generations. In this experiment the statistical correlations between the high molecular weight subunit of glutenin and bread-making quality measured by alveograph, farinograph and SDS sedimentation were evaluated. Seventeen wheat genotypes were grown under the same conditions, each producing about 1 kg of seeds for the evaluations. The high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Statistical correlations were highly significant between HMW glutenin subunits and alveograph and SDS sedimentation. These results indicate the possibility of manipulating major genes for wheat seed quality by coupling traditional breeding with non-destructive single seed analysis. Only half seed is necessary to perform the SDS-PAGE analysis. Therefore, the other half seed can be planted to generate the progeny. Seed yield and SDS sedimentation were statistically correlated, indicating the possibility of simultaneous selection for both traits
{"title":"Correlation between high molecular weight gluten subunits composition and bread-making quality in Brazilian wheat","authors":"I. Schuster, M. A. Souza, A. Cardoso, C. Sediyama, M. Moreira","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000400019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000400019","url":null,"abstract":"Bread-making quality is one of the most important targets in the genetic improvement of wheat. Although extensive analyses of quality traits such as farinography, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation, alveography, and baking are made in breeding programs, these analyses require high amounts of seeds which are obtained only in late generations. In this experiment the statistical correlations between the high molecular weight subunit of glutenin and bread-making quality measured by alveograph, farinograph and SDS sedimentation were evaluated. Seventeen wheat genotypes were grown under the same conditions, each producing about 1 kg of seeds for the evaluations. The high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Statistical correlations were highly significant between HMW glutenin subunits and alveograph and SDS sedimentation. These results indicate the possibility of manipulating major genes for wheat seed quality by coupling traditional breeding with non-destructive single seed analysis. Only half seed is necessary to perform the SDS-PAGE analysis. Therefore, the other half seed can be planted to generate the progeny. Seed yield and SDS sedimentation were statistically correlated, indicating the possibility of simultaneous selection for both traits","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133699168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400024
E. Hansen
Plants present a cost effective production system for high value proteins. There is an increasing world demand for cheap vaccines that can be readily administered to the population, especially in economically less developed regions. A promising concept is the production of vaccines in plants that could be grown locally. Expression of antigenic peptides in the palatable parts of plants can lead to the production of edible active vaccines. Two major strategies are: i) to express antigens in transgenic plants, and ii) to produce antigenic peptides on the surface of plant viruses that could be used to infect host plants. This review considers the experimental data and early results for both strategies, and discusses the potential and problems of this new technology
{"title":"Production of recombinant antigens in plants for animal and human immunization - a review","authors":"E. Hansen","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000400024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000400024","url":null,"abstract":"Plants present a cost effective production system for high value proteins. There is an increasing world demand for cheap vaccines that can be readily administered to the population, especially in economically less developed regions. A promising concept is the production of vaccines in plants that could be grown locally. Expression of antigenic peptides in the palatable parts of plants can lead to the production of edible active vaccines. Two major strategies are: i) to express antigens in transgenic plants, and ii) to produce antigenic peptides on the surface of plant viruses that could be used to infect host plants. This review considers the experimental data and early results for both strategies, and discusses the potential and problems of this new technology","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116299535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000400031
B. Vidal
Some basic topics concerned with the extraction of textural and geometric information from cell nucleus images as well as description and characterization of chromatin supraorganization and consequent classification of nuclear phenotypes are presented.
{"title":"Image analysis and definition of nuclear phenotypes","authors":"B. Vidal","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000400031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000400031","url":null,"abstract":"Some basic topics concerned with the extraction of textural and geometric information from cell nucleus images as well as description and characterization of chromatin supraorganization and consequent classification of nuclear phenotypes are presented.","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124684397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300014
M. B. Lovato, P. Martins
A variacao na tolerância salina na germinacao dentro de seis populacoes naturais de Stylosanthes humilis, provenientes de tres regioes ecogeograficas do Estado de Pernambuco, Mata (clima tropical umido), Agreste e Sertao (clima tropical semiarido), foi determinada submetendo-se sementes para germinar em NaCl 201 mM. Os resultados mostraram diferencas significativas entre familias de todas as populacoes para porcentagem de germinacao e de cinco populacoes para velocidade de germinacao, com excecao da populacao Tamandare (Mata). As populacoes das regioes semiaridas mostraram altos coeficientes de variacao genetica, sendo as do Agreste maiores que as do Sertao. As populacoes da Mata apresentaram baixos coeficientes de variacao genetica. Os coeficientes de determinacao genotipica foram altos para todas as populacoes, com excecao de Tamandare, tanto para porcentagem de germinacao (³ 0,89), como para velocidade de germinacao (³ 0,79), indicando a possibilidade de selecao para tolerância salina na germinacao nessas populacoes. Foram tambem realizadas analises de isoenzimas de esterases e peroxidases e estabelecidas correlacoes entre tolerância salina e frequencias alelicas dessas populacoes. A analise de familias sensiveis e tolerantes ao sal de populacoes do Agreste mostrou uma associacao de alelos de um loco de peroxidase com a tolerância salina durante a germinacao na populacao proveniente de Caruaru
{"title":"Genetic variability in salt tolerance during germination of Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K. and association between salt tolerance and isozymes","authors":"M. B. Lovato, P. Martins","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300014","url":null,"abstract":"A variacao na tolerância salina na germinacao dentro de seis populacoes naturais de Stylosanthes humilis, provenientes de tres regioes ecogeograficas do Estado de Pernambuco, Mata (clima tropical umido), Agreste e Sertao (clima tropical semiarido), foi determinada submetendo-se sementes para germinar em NaCl 201 mM. Os resultados mostraram diferencas significativas entre familias de todas as populacoes para porcentagem de germinacao e de cinco populacoes para velocidade de germinacao, com excecao da populacao Tamandare (Mata). As populacoes das regioes semiaridas mostraram altos coeficientes de variacao genetica, sendo as do Agreste maiores que as do Sertao. As populacoes da Mata apresentaram baixos coeficientes de variacao genetica. Os coeficientes de determinacao genotipica foram altos para todas as populacoes, com excecao de Tamandare, tanto para porcentagem de germinacao (³ 0,89), como para velocidade de germinacao (³ 0,79), indicando a possibilidade de selecao para tolerância salina na germinacao nessas populacoes. Foram tambem realizadas analises de isoenzimas de esterases e peroxidases e estabelecidas correlacoes entre tolerância salina e frequencias alelicas dessas populacoes. A analise de familias sensiveis e tolerantes ao sal de populacoes do Agreste mostrou uma associacao de alelos de um loco de peroxidase com a tolerância salina durante a germinacao na populacao proveniente de Caruaru","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121235522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300004
F. Porto‐Foresti, C. Oliveira, E. L. Maistro, F. Foresti
A study was made of the frequency of B-chromosomes and the population density of Astyanax scabripinnis paranae (Pisces, Characidae, Tetragonopterinae) from three stretches of the Cascatinha stream (Botucatu, SP). In the first stretch the population was estimated to be about 212 individuals and among 35 karyotyped specimens, 23 carried one macro B-chromosome; in the second stretch the population was estimated to be about 650 individuals and among 20 specimens karyotyped, two possessed one macro B-chromosome; in the third stretch the population was estimated to be about 107 individuals and among 10 specimens karyotyped, one carried one macro B-chromosome. A significant difference was observed in the frequency of macro B-chromosomes in females (57%) and males (8.7%) (P = 0.0001). These data suggest that the B-chromosome frequency and the populational density are not directly related. The hypothesis of the existence of some adaptive effect conferred by the B-chromosomes to the specimens from the first stretch of the Cascatinha stream is presented and discussed
{"title":"Estimated frequency of B-chromosomes and population density of Astyanax scabripinnis paranae in a small stream","authors":"F. Porto‐Foresti, C. Oliveira, E. L. Maistro, F. Foresti","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300004","url":null,"abstract":"A study was made of the frequency of B-chromosomes and the population density of Astyanax scabripinnis paranae (Pisces, Characidae, Tetragonopterinae) from three stretches of the Cascatinha stream (Botucatu, SP). In the first stretch the population was estimated to be about 212 individuals and among 35 karyotyped specimens, 23 carried one macro B-chromosome; in the second stretch the population was estimated to be about 650 individuals and among 20 specimens karyotyped, two possessed one macro B-chromosome; in the third stretch the population was estimated to be about 107 individuals and among 10 specimens karyotyped, one carried one macro B-chromosome. A significant difference was observed in the frequency of macro B-chromosomes in females (57%) and males (8.7%) (P = 0.0001). These data suggest that the B-chromosome frequency and the populational density are not directly related. The hypothesis of the existence of some adaptive effect conferred by the B-chromosomes to the specimens from the first stretch of the Cascatinha stream is presented and discussed","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130512137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300008
M. C. Gimmler-Luz, B. Erdtmann
The pyrrolizidine alkaloid integerrimine, obtained from Senecio brasiliensis, was tested by acute dosing at two concentrations (18.75 and 37.5 mg/kg), and at different times, to establish its ability to induce micronuclei in mouse erythrocytes. This alkaloid was able to increase the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in both, bone marrow and peripheral blood erythrocytes
{"title":"Clastogenic activity of integerrimine determined in mouse micronucleus assays","authors":"M. C. Gimmler-Luz, B. Erdtmann","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300008","url":null,"abstract":"The pyrrolizidine alkaloid integerrimine, obtained from Senecio brasiliensis, was tested by acute dosing at two concentrations (18.75 and 37.5 mg/kg), and at different times, to establish its ability to induce micronuclei in mouse erythrocytes. This alkaloid was able to increase the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in both, bone marrow and peripheral blood erythrocytes","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126321814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300003
R. Custódio
Neste trabalho descreve-se a obtencao de seis planteis experimentais, segregantes para os alelos ligados ao sexo, dwarf (dw), bantam (dwB) e normal (dw+), em galinhas para ovos. Comparacoes entre desempenhos entre planteis hemizigoticos para genes maiores no locus dwarf tambem foram efetuadas com relacao a comprimento de canela medida na 16a semana de idade, peso do corpo adulto, producao de ovos e maturidade sexual. Machos heterozigotos (K dw+/ k dwB) foram acasalados com femeas normais (dw+) e com femeas bantam (dwB). As progenies femeas, nos referidos acasalamentos, foram denominadas de D6.a e D6.b, respectivamente. Galos 7/8 Sebright e 1/8 dw-Leghorn heterozigotos (dwB dw) foram acasalados com tres grupos de galinhas de diferentes genotipos (dw+, dw e dwB). As progenies das maes normais (dw+), dwarf (dw) e bantam (dwB) foram denominadas de planteis D4.b, D4.c e D4.d, respectivamente. As seguintes conclusoes foram relatadas: a) a reducao no peso corporal adulto de femeas dwarf, em todos os planteis, em relacao a femeas bantam, foi menor que a relatada em relacao a galinhas normais do tipo ovo; b) a diferenca entre a taxa de postura de galinhas normais e suas irmas bantam nao foi estatisticamente significativa em femeas dw+ (filhas de maes dw+), pesando 1897 g. Porem, em galinhas dwB com peso medio de 1646 g (filhas de maes dwB), a diferenca entre a taxa de postura de galinhas normais e de suas irmas bantam foi significativa (P < 0,05). Portanto, o alelo dwB pode ter um efeito semelhante, porem menor sobre a taxa de postura do que seu alelo dwarf; c) a diferenca entre maturidade sexual de galinhas normais e bantam, filhas de maes maiores ou menores, nao foi estatisticamente significativa, muito embora a postura do primeiro ovo tenha ocorrido 2,9 dias mais tarde em frangas dwB menores; d) o comprimento de canela associado ao peso adulto possibilitou a discriminacao precisa entre bantams e dwarfs.
{"title":"Synthesis of stocks and phenotypic effects of dwarf and bantam sex-linked major genes in egg-type chickens","authors":"R. Custódio","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300003","url":null,"abstract":"Neste trabalho descreve-se a obtencao de seis planteis experimentais, segregantes para os alelos ligados ao sexo, dwarf (dw), bantam (dwB) e normal (dw+), em galinhas para ovos. Comparacoes entre desempenhos entre planteis hemizigoticos para genes maiores no locus dwarf tambem foram efetuadas com relacao a comprimento de canela medida na 16a semana de idade, peso do corpo adulto, producao de ovos e maturidade sexual. Machos heterozigotos (K dw+/ k dwB) foram acasalados com femeas normais (dw+) e com femeas bantam (dwB). As progenies femeas, nos referidos acasalamentos, foram denominadas de D6.a e D6.b, respectivamente. Galos 7/8 Sebright e 1/8 dw-Leghorn heterozigotos (dwB dw) foram acasalados com tres grupos de galinhas de diferentes genotipos (dw+, dw e dwB). As progenies das maes normais (dw+), dwarf (dw) e bantam (dwB) foram denominadas de planteis D4.b, D4.c e D4.d, respectivamente. As seguintes conclusoes foram relatadas: a) a reducao no peso corporal adulto de femeas dwarf, em todos os planteis, em relacao a femeas bantam, foi menor que a relatada em relacao a galinhas normais do tipo ovo; b) a diferenca entre a taxa de postura de galinhas normais e suas irmas bantam nao foi estatisticamente significativa em femeas dw+ (filhas de maes dw+), pesando 1897 g. Porem, em galinhas dwB com peso medio de 1646 g (filhas de maes dwB), a diferenca entre a taxa de postura de galinhas normais e de suas irmas bantam foi significativa (P < 0,05). Portanto, o alelo dwB pode ter um efeito semelhante, porem menor sobre a taxa de postura do que seu alelo dwarf; c) a diferenca entre maturidade sexual de galinhas normais e bantam, filhas de maes maiores ou menores, nao foi estatisticamente significativa, muito embora a postura do primeiro ovo tenha ocorrido 2,9 dias mais tarde em frangas dwB menores; d) o comprimento de canela associado ao peso adulto possibilitou a discriminacao precisa entre bantams e dwarfs.","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117237077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300021
M. Guerra, A. Pedrosa, A. E. B. E. Silva, M. T. M. Cornélio, K. G. B. Santos, W. S. Filho
The mitotic chromosomes of 51 citrus accessions from the Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil, were analyzed. The sample included representatives of 20 Citrus species, one of Poncirus and seven hybrids. All accessions showed 2n = 18 without any evidence of numerical variation. The most clearly variable karyotype feature was the number and position of secondary constrictions (SECs). In 19 accessions the SECs were not identified, mainly due to the degree of chromatin condensation. In the remainder they varied in number from one to three per karyotype. They were found in the proximal region of one of the three largest chromosome pairs, in the terminal/subterminal region of a smaller chromosome or, more seldom, terminally in a larger chromosome. Only in a few cases were such constrictions observed simultaneously in both homologues of the same chromosome pair. The high variability of this karyotype feature may be due to the activation of this region in the previous interphase but may also indicate a high structural variability and heterozygosity of citrus germplasms
{"title":"Chromosome number and secondary constriction variation in 51 accessions of a citrus germplasm bank","authors":"M. Guerra, A. Pedrosa, A. E. B. E. Silva, M. T. M. Cornélio, K. G. B. Santos, W. S. Filho","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300021","url":null,"abstract":"The mitotic chromosomes of 51 citrus accessions from the Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil, were analyzed. The sample included representatives of 20 Citrus species, one of Poncirus and seven hybrids. All accessions showed 2n = 18 without any evidence of numerical variation. The most clearly variable karyotype feature was the number and position of secondary constrictions (SECs). In 19 accessions the SECs were not identified, mainly due to the degree of chromatin condensation. In the remainder they varied in number from one to three per karyotype. They were found in the proximal region of one of the three largest chromosome pairs, in the terminal/subterminal region of a smaller chromosome or, more seldom, terminally in a larger chromosome. Only in a few cases were such constrictions observed simultaneously in both homologues of the same chromosome pair. The high variability of this karyotype feature may be due to the activation of this region in the previous interphase but may also indicate a high structural variability and heterozygosity of citrus germplasms","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115406960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300020
Fábio Pandini, F. Carvalho, J. F. B. Neto
Induced mutations by gamma radiation (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 kR doses) and reciprocal crosses were tested as mechanisms of enhancing genetic variability for plant height in two triticale cultivars, BR4 and EMBRAPA18. The reciprocal crosses and all doses of radiation showed similar increase in genetic amplitude for this trait, being suitable for increasing variability in breeding programs. Genotypes showed different responses as the gamma ray doses were increased, expressing shorter plant height. The decision of using induced mutations or artificial crosses depends on the resources available and the selection method to be used
{"title":"Plant height reduction in populations of triticale (X triticosecale Wittmack) by induced mutations and artificial crosses","authors":"Fábio Pandini, F. Carvalho, J. F. B. Neto","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300020","url":null,"abstract":"Induced mutations by gamma radiation (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 kR doses) and reciprocal crosses were tested as mechanisms of enhancing genetic variability for plant height in two triticale cultivars, BR4 and EMBRAPA18. The reciprocal crosses and all doses of radiation showed similar increase in genetic amplitude for this trait, being suitable for increasing variability in breeding programs. Genotypes showed different responses as the gamma ray doses were increased, expressing shorter plant height. The decision of using induced mutations or artificial crosses depends on the resources available and the selection method to be used","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124792003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84551997000300013
Patrícia Guimarães Santos, A. Soares, M. Ramalho
Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters were obtained by using data from families of a recurrent selection program in rice. An experiment using population CNA-IRAT 4ME/1/1 was conducted at two locations (Lambari and Cambuquira) in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. At Lambari, families S0:2 and S0:3 were assessed during crop seasons 1992/1993 and 1993/1994, respectively. In the Cambuquira trial, only S0:3 families were tested in 1993/1994. The experimental design was a 10 x 10 lattice with three replications. The following traits were assessed: grain yield (GY), mean number of days to flowering (FL), plant height (PH), and the incidence of neck blast (NB) caused by Pyricularia grisea and grain staining (GS) caused by Drechslera oryzae. This population proved to be promising for recurrent selection, as it had high average yield and genetic variability. Heritability estimates obtained using variance components were generally greater than estimates of realized heritability, and heritability obtained by parent-offspring regression
{"title":"Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters in a segregant population of rice irrigated by continuous flooding","authors":"Patrícia Guimarães Santos, A. Soares, M. Ramalho","doi":"10.1590/S0100-84551997000300013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-84551997000300013","url":null,"abstract":"Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters were obtained by using data from families of a recurrent selection program in rice. An experiment using population CNA-IRAT 4ME/1/1 was conducted at two locations (Lambari and Cambuquira) in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. At Lambari, families S0:2 and S0:3 were assessed during crop seasons 1992/1993 and 1993/1994, respectively. In the Cambuquira trial, only S0:3 families were tested in 1993/1994. The experimental design was a 10 x 10 lattice with three replications. The following traits were assessed: grain yield (GY), mean number of days to flowering (FL), plant height (PH), and the incidence of neck blast (NB) caused by Pyricularia grisea and grain staining (GS) caused by Drechslera oryzae. This population proved to be promising for recurrent selection, as it had high average yield and genetic variability. Heritability estimates obtained using variance components were generally greater than estimates of realized heritability, and heritability obtained by parent-offspring regression","PeriodicalId":340356,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Genetics","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127680221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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