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Estimating capacity-oriented availability in cloud systems 估计云系统中面向容量的可用性
Pub Date : 2020-08-26 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10031610
J. Dantas, Eltton Araujo, P. Maciel, Rúbens de Souza Matos Júnior, Jean Teixeira
Over the years, many companies have employed cloud computing to support their services and optimise their infrastructure utilisation. The provisioning of high availability and high processing capacity is a significant challenge when planning a cloud computing infrastructure. Even when the system is available, a part of the resources may not be offered due to partial failures in just a few of the many components in an IaaS cloud. The dynamic behaviour of virtualised resources requires special attention to the effective amount of capacity that is available to users, so the system can be correctly sized. Therefore, the estimation of capacity-oriented availability (COA) is an important activity for cloud infrastructure providers to analyse the cost-benefit tradeoff among distinct architectures and deployment sizes. This paper presents a strategy to evaluate the capacity-oriented availability of virtual machines combined to servers availability on a private cloud infrastructure. The proposed strategy aims to provide an efficient and accurate computation of COA and availability by means of closed-form equations. We compare our approach to the use of models such as continuous time Markov chains and SPN simulation model, considering execution time and values of metrics obtained with both approaches.
多年来,许多公司已经采用云计算来支持他们的服务并优化他们的基础设施利用率。在规划云计算基础设施时,提供高可用性和高处理能力是一个重大挑战。即使在系统可用的情况下,由于IaaS云中众多组件中的几个出现部分故障,也可能无法提供部分资源。虚拟化资源的动态行为需要特别注意用户可用的有效容量,这样才能正确地调整系统的大小。因此,对面向容量的可用性(COA)的估计是云基础设施提供商分析不同架构和部署规模之间的成本效益权衡的一项重要活动。本文提出了一种策略,用于评估私有云基础设施上虚拟机与服务器可用性相结合的面向容量的可用性。所提出的策略旨在通过封闭形式方程提供有效和准确的COA和可用性计算。我们将我们的方法与连续时间马尔可夫链和SPN仿真模型等模型的使用进行了比较,考虑了两种方法获得的执行时间和度量值。
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引用次数: 4
Basins of attraction and critical curves for Newton-type methods in a phase equilibrium problem 相平衡问题牛顿型方法的吸引盆地和临界曲线
Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.1504/IJCSE.2020.110201
G. Platt, F. S. Lobato, G. Libotte, F. D. M. Neto
Many engineering problems are described by systems of nonlinear equations, which may exhibit multiple solutions, in a challenging situation for root-finding algorithms. The existence of several solutions may give rise to complex basins of attraction for the solutions in the algorithms, with severe influence in their convergence behavior. In this work, we explore the relationship of the basins of attractions with the critical curves (the locus of the singular points of the Jacobian of the system of equations) in a phase equilibrium problem in the plane with two solutions, namely the calculation of a double azeotrope in a binary mixture. The results indicate that the conjoint use of the basins of attraction and critical curves can be a useful tool to select the most suitable algorithm for a specific problem.
许多工程问题都是用非线性方程组来描述的,这些方程组可能有多个解,这对寻根算法来说是一个挑战。多个解的存在会引起算法中解的复杂吸引盆地,严重影响算法的收敛性。在此工作中,我们探讨了具有两个解的平面相平衡问题中,即二元混合物中双共沸物的计算,引力盆地与临界曲线(方程组的雅可比矩阵的奇点轨迹)的关系。结果表明,引力盆地和临界曲线的联合使用可以为特定问题选择最合适的算法提供有用的工具。
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引用次数: 1
An access model under cloud computing environment 云计算环境下的访问模型
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029393
Wen Gu, Cao Yang, Ying Yi
Concepts such as virtualisation, elasticity, and multi-tenancy have been embedded in cloud computing environments. Thus, the traditional access control model is no longer applicable to cloud computing environments, and designing a new access control model specific to the features of cloud computing environments is necessary. The software as a service (SaaS) pattern has gradually emerged as a type of cloud computing model that can address the information management requirements of small- and medium-sized enterprises. Given the features of SaaS application platforms, this study proposes a multi-tenant access control model called ST-RBAC under the SaaS pattern on the basis of a discussion of the current situation of access control models. The proposed model successfully deals with relationships among elements such as tenants, users, roles, and permissions. Hence, it can effectively guarantee user data safety and user permission management.
虚拟化、弹性和多租户等概念已经嵌入到云计算环境中。因此,传统的访问控制模型已经不适用于云计算环境,有必要针对云计算环境的特点设计一种新的访问控制模型。软件即服务(SaaS)模式作为一种能够满足中小企业信息管理需求的云计算模式逐渐兴起。针对SaaS应用平台的特点,本研究在讨论访问控制模型现状的基础上,提出了SaaS模式下的多租户访问控制模型ST-RBAC。所建议的模型成功地处理了租户、用户、角色和权限等元素之间的关系。因此,它可以有效地保证用户数据安全和用户权限管理。
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引用次数: 2
Data grouping scheme for multi-request retrieval in MIMO wireless communication MIMO无线通信中多请求检索的数据分组方案
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029348
Ping He, Zheng Huo
Multi-antennae data retrieval problem refers that finds an access pattern (to retrieve multiple requests by using multiple antennae, where each request has multiple data items) such that the access latency of some requests retrieved by each antenna is minimised and the total access latency of all requests retrieved by all antennae keeps balance. So it is very important that these requests are divided into multiple groups for achieving the retrieval by using each antenna in MIMO wireless communication, called data grouping problem. There are few studies focused on data grouping scheme applied in data retrieval problem when the clients equipped with multi-antennae send multiple requests. Therefore, this paper proposes two data grouping algorithms (HOG and HEG) that are applied in data retrieval such that the requests can be reasonably classified into multiple groups. Through experiments, the proposed schemes have better efficiency compared with some existing schemes.
多天线数据检索问题是指找到一种访问模式(使用多个天线检索多个请求,其中每个请求有多个数据项),使每个天线检索的某些请求的访问延迟最小,并且所有天线检索的所有请求的总访问延迟保持平衡。因此,在MIMO无线通信中,将这些请求分成多组来实现对每个天线的检索是非常重要的,称为数据分组问题。在多天线客户端发送多个请求的情况下,数据分组方案在数据检索中的应用研究较少。因此,本文提出了两种数据分组算法(HOG和HEG),并将其应用于数据检索中,从而将请求合理地划分为多个组。通过实验,与现有的一些方案相比,本文提出的方案具有更高的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Improved user-based collaborative filtering algorithm with topic model and time tag 改进了基于用户的主题模型和时间标签协同过滤算法
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029349
Na Liu, Ying Lu, Xiao-Jun Tang, Ming-Xia Li, Chunli Wang
Collaborative filtering algorithms make use of interaction rates between users and items for generating recommendations. Similarity among users is calculated based on rating mostly, without considering explicit properties of users involved. Considering the number of tags of a user can direct response the user preference to some extent, we propose a collaborative filtering algorithm using topic model called user-item-tag latent Dirichlet allocation (UITLDA) in this paper. UITLDA model consists of two parts. The first part is active user with its item. The second part is active user with its tag. We form topic model from these two parts respectively. The two topics constrain each other and integrate into a new topic distribution. This model not only increases the user's similarity, but also reduces the density of the matrix. In prediction computation, we also introduce time delay function to increase the precision. The experiments showed that the proposed algorithm achieved better performance compared with baseline on MovieLens datasets.
协同过滤算法利用用户和项目之间的交互率来生成推荐。用户之间的相似度大多是基于评分来计算的,没有考虑用户的显式属性。考虑到用户的标签数量可以在一定程度上直接响应用户的偏好,本文提出了一种基于主题模型的协同过滤算法——用户-物品-标签潜狄利克雷分配(UITLDA)。utlda模型由两部分组成。第一部分是活动用户及其项目。第二部分是活动用户及其标记。我们分别从这两部分组成主题模型。这两个主题相互约束,形成一个新的主题分布。该模型既提高了用户的相似度,又降低了矩阵的密度。在预测计算中,我们还引入了时滞函数来提高预测精度。实验表明,该算法在MovieLens数据集上取得了比基线更好的性能。
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引用次数: 5
Transliteration recognition of Tibetan person name based on Tibetan cultural knowledge 基于藏族文化知识的藏族人名音译识别
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029390
Zhijuan Wang, Wenguang Fang, Xiaobing Zhao, Wei Song, Yinghui Feng, Yining Chang
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Lexical Analysis System (ICTCLAS) is a common tool for Chinese word segmentation and named entity recognition. With this tool, the F1 value of person name recognition from Chinese texts in Tibetan culture is only 40%. We propose a method for transliteration recognition of Tibetan person name based on Tibetan cultural knowledge. Firstly, we leverage Tibetan cultural dictionary to improve the word segmentation performance of ICTCLAS. Then, special contextual features and naming rules of Tibetan person name in their culture are adopted to determine the boundary of Chinese transliteration of Tibetan person name. Finally, the transliteration candidates of Tibetan person name are filtered based on discrimination and reliability. Experiments on a 1.2 M Tibetan text in Tibetan culture show that the method can increase the F1 value of Chinese transliteration recognition of Tibetan person name from 40.08% to 87.92% in ICTCLAS.
计算技术研究所的汉语词法分析系统(ICTCLAS)是一种常用的汉语分词和命名实体识别工具。使用该工具,西藏文化中汉语文本人名识别的F1值仅为40%。本文提出了一种基于藏族文化知识的藏族人名音译识别方法。首先,利用藏文文化词典提高ICTCLAS的分词性能。然后,利用藏族人名在其文化中的特殊语境特征和命名规则,确定藏族人名汉译的边界。最后,根据辨识度和信度对藏文人名音译候选词进行筛选。在西藏文化下的1.2 M藏文文本上的实验表明,该方法可以将ICTCLAS中藏文人名的汉语音译识别F1值从40.08%提高到87.92%。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of climate changes on manufacturing: Hodrick-Prescott filtering and a partial least squares regression model 气候变化对制造业的影响:Hodrick-Prescott滤波和偏最小二乘回归模型
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029381
Keyao Chen, Guizhi Wang, Jibo Chen, Shuai Yuan, Guo Wei
In order to explore the impact of climate change on manufacturing outputs in Nanjing, China, this paper first adopts a polynomial function to retrieve trend values of manufacturing output, and then elaborates to manipulate the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filtering to isolate the parts of manufacturing outputs that are caused by the climate factors. Subsequently, the paper attempts to construct a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model covering meteorological factors (e.g., average annual temperature, precipitation, sunshine hours and four quarters' average temperatures) and manufacturing meteorological outputs. The results show that an increased average temperature and average precipitation yield negative impacts on manufacturing and production; while in winter, higher temperature offers benefits to manufacturing on the contrary. Finally, this paper studied the changes of manufacturing outputs in Nanjing for different climate scenarios.
为了探讨气候变化对中国南京制造业产出的影响,本文首先采用多项式函数检索制造业产出的趋势值,然后详细阐述了如何操纵Hodrick-Prescott (HP)滤波来隔离由气候因素引起的制造业产出部分。在此基础上,构建了覆盖年平均气温、降水量、日照时数、四季度平均气温等气象因子并制造气象输出的偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)模型。结果表明:平均气温和平均降水量的增加对制造和生产产生负面影响;而在冬季,较高的温度反而对制造业有利。最后,研究了不同气候情景下南京市制造业产出的变化。
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引用次数: 2
Intrusion detection of wireless sensor networks based on IPSO algorithm and BP neural network 基于IPSO算法和BP神经网络的无线传感器网络入侵检测
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10028357
Xue Lu, Dezhi Han, Letian Duan, Qiuting Tian
The sensor nodes of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are deployed to an open and unsupervised region, and they are vulnerable to various types of attacks. Intrusion detection system can detect network attacks that nodes suffer from. This paper combines improved particle swarm optimisation (IPSO) algorithm and back-propagation neural network (BPNN), named IPSO-BPNN. We propose an intrusion detection model of WSNs based on a hierarchical structure. First, we use IPSO algorithm to optimise the initial parameters of BPNN to avoid falling into the local optimum. Then, we apply IPSO-BPNN to the intrusion detection of WSNs. Finally, we use benchmark NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets to verify the performance of the IPSO-BPNN. The simulation results show that IPSO-BPNN has faster convergence speed, higher detection accuracy rate and lower false positive rate compared with BPNN and BPNN optimised by PSO algorithm, which can meet the WSNs intrusion detection requirements.
无线传感器网络的传感器节点部署在一个开放的无监督区域,容易受到各种攻击。入侵检测系统可以检测节点遭受的网络攻击。本文将改进粒子群优化算法(IPSO)与反向传播神经网络(BPNN)相结合,命名为IPSO-BPNN。提出了一种基于分层结构的wsn入侵检测模型。首先,我们使用IPSO算法对BPNN的初始参数进行优化,避免陷入局部最优。然后,我们将IPSO-BPNN应用到wsn的入侵检测中。最后,我们使用基准NSL-KDD和UNSW-NB15数据集来验证IPSO-BPNN的性能。仿真结果表明,与BPNN和经PSO算法优化的BPNN相比,IPSO-BPNN具有更快的收敛速度、更高的检测准确率和更低的误报率,能够满足WSNs入侵检测的要求。
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引用次数: 8
Improving runtime performance and energy consumption through balanced data locality with NUMA-BTLP and NUMA-BTDM static algorithms for thread classification and thread type-aware mapping 使用NUMA-BTLP和NUMA-BTDM静态算法进行线程分类和线程类型感知映射,通过平衡数据局域性提高运行时性能和能耗
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029352
Iulia Ştirb
Extending compilers like LLVM with NUMA-aware optimisations significantly improves runtime performance and energy consumption on NUMA systems. The paper presents NUMA-BTDM algorithm, which is a compile-time thread-type dependent mapping algorithm that performs the mapping uniformly based on the type of each thread given by NUMA-BTLP algorithm following a static analysis on the code. First, the compiler inserts in the program code architecture dependent code that detects at runtime the characteristics of the underlying architecture for Intel processors, and then the mapping is performed at runtime (using specific functions calls from the PThreads library) depending on these characteristics following a compile-time mapping analysis which gives the CPU affinity of each thread. NUMA-BTDM allows the application to customise, control and optimise the thread mapping and achieves balanced data locality on NUMA systems for C parallel code that combine PThreads based task parallelism with OpenMP based loop parallelism.
用NUMA感知优化扩展像LLVM这样的编译器,可以显著提高NUMA系统上的运行时性能和能耗。本文提出了NUMA-BTDM算法,它是一种编译时线程类型相关的映射算法,通过对代码进行静态分析,根据NUMA-BTLP算法给出的每个线程类型统一执行映射。首先,编译器在程序代码体系结构相关的代码中插入代码,这些代码在运行时检测英特尔处理器的底层体系结构的特征,然后在运行时(使用来自PThreads库的特定函数调用)根据编译时映射分析后的这些特征执行映射,该分析给出每个线程的CPU亲缘性。NUMA- btdm允许应用程序定制、控制和优化线程映射,并在NUMA系统上为C并行代码实现平衡的数据局部性,这些代码结合了基于PThreads的任务并行性和基于OpenMP的循环并行性。
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引用次数: 1
An open speech resource for Tibetan multi-dialect and multitask recognition 面向藏语多方言多任务识别的开放语音资源
Pub Date : 2020-05-08 DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2020.10029389
Yue Zhao, Xiaona Xu, Jianjian Yue, Wei Song, Xiali Li, Licheng Wu, Q. Ji
This paper introduces a Tibetan multi-dialect data resource for multitask speech research. It can be used for Tibetan multi-dialect speech recognition, Tibetan speaker recognition, Tibetan dialect identification, and Tibetan speech synthesis. The resource consists of 30 hours Lhasa-U-Tsang dialect; 8.7 hours Kham dialect, including 3.4 hours Yushu dialect, 3.3 hours Dege dialect and 2 hours Changdu dialect; 10 hours Amdo pastoral dialect. Other resources are also provided for Lhasa-U-Tsang dialect including phoneme set, pronunciation dictionary and the codes for constructing the Lhasa-U-Tsang speech recognition baseline system. Meanwhile, for Tibetan multi-dialect and multitask speech recognition, the codes and recognition results based on WaveNet-connectionist temporal classification (WaveNet-CTC) are provided. All the resources are free for researchers and publicly available, which effectively compensates for the shortage of public Tibetan multi-dialect speech resources in order to promote the development of Tibetan multi-dialect speech processing technology.
本文介绍了一种用于多任务语音研究的藏语多方言数据资源。可用于藏语多方言语音识别、藏语说话人识别、藏语方言识别和藏语语音合成。资源包括30小时的拉萨-乌-曾方言;康方言8.7学时,其中玉树方言3.4学时、德格方言3.3学时、昌都方言2学时;10小时安多田园方言。此外,还提供了其他资源,包括音素集、发音字典和构建拉萨-裕- tsang语音识别基线系统的代码。同时,针对藏语多方言多任务语音识别,给出了基于WaveNet-connectionist temporal classification (WaveNet-CTC)的编码和识别结果。所有资源对研究人员都是免费的,并且是公开的,这有效地弥补了公共藏语多方言语音资源的不足,从而促进藏语多方言语音处理技术的发展。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Int. J. Comput. Sci. Eng.
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