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Enabling abilities in disabilities: Developing differently abled Christian leadership in Africa 残疾中的能力:在非洲培养不同能力的基督教领袖
Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.252
Kimion Tagwirei
It is heartening to realise that Christianity is inclusively membered by differently abled people. Paradoxically, although the Church has cared for, and engaged with persons living with disabilities (PWDs) throughout history, African Church leadership has been exclusively made up of predominantly identically abled persons. Researchers report that ecclesial, infrastructural, leadership, and ministerial structures do not accommodate PWDs, mainly because of misunderstandings about disabilities, discriminatory traditions, hermeneutics and theologies. Disabilities are often generalised as repercussions of disobedience, sin, curses or defeat by evil spirits and witchcraft. Consequently, PWDs are misjudged as lacking abilities to be effective ecclesial leaders. While calls for inclusivity are loud globally, little research has been done to reconcile disabilities and abilities in ecclesiology and Christian leadership. If the Church merely proclaims but neglects demonstrating inclusivity, the gospel can be mistaken as paying hypocritical lip service in this regard, and rendering the Church exclusive, insensitive and imprisoning when it should be inclusive, sensitive and liberating for everyone, regardless of their impairments and (dis)abilities. Drawing from the inclusivity of Jesus Christ, missionary demands of the Church to minister to, with all creation as well as eschatological reflections, under grounded theory and reviewing related literature, this article unpacks the significance of inclusivity, identifies (dis)abilities and argues that Church authorities should consider, appreciate, accommodate, empower, develop, and enable PWDs to be part of ecclesial leadership for inclusionary transformation in and beyond Church walls.Contribution: This article advances transformational inclusivity in ecclesiology and Christian leadership.
令人欣慰的是,我们意识到基督教的成员中包含了不同能力的人。矛盾的是,虽然教会在历史上一直关心残疾人并与他们接触,但非洲教会的领导层却主要由具有相同能力的人组成。研究人员报告说,教会、基础设施、领导层和牧师结构不接纳残疾人,主要是因为对残疾的误解、歧视性传统、诠释学和神学。残疾往往被概括为不服从、罪恶、诅咒或被邪灵和巫术打败的后果。因此,残疾人被误认为没有能力成为有效的教会领袖。虽然全球范围内对包容性的呼声很高,但很少有研究将教会学和基督教领导力中的残疾与能力相协调。如果教会只是宣扬而忽略了展示包容性,那么福音就会被误认为是在这方面虚伪的口惠而实不至,并使教会变得排外、麻木不仁和禁锢,而教会本应是包容、麻木不仁和解放所有人的,无论他们是否有缺陷和(残疾)能力。本文从耶稣基督的包容性、教会对所有受造物的传教要求以及末世论的反思出发,以基础理论为基础,并回顾了相关文献,解读了包容性的意义,确定了(残疾)能力,并认为教会当局应考虑、欣赏、包容、授权、发展和扶持残疾人,使他们成为教会领导层的一部分,从而在教会围墙内外实现包容性变革:本文推进了教会学和基督教领导力中的包容性变革。
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引用次数: 0
Radical economic approach in Pentecostalism: A Pentecostal response to economic difficulties 五旬节派的激进经济方法:五旬节派对经济困难的回应
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.251
M. S. Kgatle
Economies of the African continent have been faced with difficulties in the last decade caused by various factors including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), unemployment, poverty and so forth. In the South African context, there is another factor that has emerged in the last decade called ‘load-shedding’ resulting in power cuts that affected the economy of the country. Consequently, many small businesses had cut jobs as they could not afford alternative energy generation such as generators and solar energy. These harsh economic conditions have produced some level of economic difficulties where the economy is not growing because of job losses and other challenges. How do Pentecostals respond to economic difficulties? This article attempts to answer this question through the radical economic approach. This approach is framed as a theory that confronts the conventional economic approaches. In addition, this theory is based on radical giving, radical charities and radical development.Contribution: The radical economic approach is relevant in dealing with economic difficulties; however, its radical giving has the potential to produce some level of exploitation of the poor and the marginalised in some instances. To deal with these exploitations, this article suggests a radical economic approach that will be considerate of the poor and the marginalised in communities by juxtaposing it with radical sociology.
在过去十年中,非洲大陆的经济一直面临着各种因素造成的困难,包括 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)、失业、贫困等。就南非而言,过去十年出现的另一个因素被称为 "断电",导致停电,影响了国家经济。因此,许多小企业因负担不起发电机和太阳能等替代能源而裁员。这些恶劣的经济条件造成了一定程度的经济困难,由于失业和其他挑战,经济没有增长。五旬节派教徒如何应对经济困难?本文试图通过激进经济方法来回答这个问题。这种方法是一种对抗传统经济方法的理论。此外,这一理论还建立在激进捐赠、激进慈善和激进发展的基础之上:激进的经济方法在应对经济困难方面具有现实意义;然而,在某些情况下,其激进的捐赠有可能对穷人和边缘化群体造成一定程度的剥削。为了解决这些剥削问题,本文提出了一种激进的经济学方法,通过将其与激进社会学并列,为社区中的穷人和边缘化群体着想。
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引用次数: 0
For the greater good: Hinduism, selflessness, and social cohesion in South Africa 为了更大的利益:南非的印度教、无私精神和社会凝聚力
Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.245
M. Shunmugam, Maniraj Sukdaven
The heinous ideology of apartheid in South Africa created a citizenry of distrust, disharmony and discord. With the demise of apartheid in 1994, the South African society needed a process of healing. There were and are attempts to bring about social cohesion through various discourses via the South African government and non-governmental organisations. It has been 30 years since the end of apartheid, yet South Africa still grapples with deep-seated distrust, disharmony and discord among its citizens. In 2021, this issue extends beyond the divide between white and non-white citizens to include tensions among other racial groups as well. This article attempts to offer a perspective on social cohesion from a concept known in Sanskrit as Nishkama Karma which means, in its basic form, desireless desire or selflessness. The idea of Nishkama Karma is examined by the researchers by referring to the commentaries on the Bhagavad Gita by Shankara, Ramanuja and Madhva to formulate an understanding of Nishkama Karma that can contribute to social cohesion.Contribution: This article contributes to understanding the Hindu concept of Nishkama Karma as a contributor to social cohesion in South Africa and also examines the important role that different religions play in supporting governmental objectives in the country.
南非令人发指的种族隔离意识形态造成了公民之间的不信任、不和谐与不和。随着 1994 年种族隔离制度的消亡,南非社会需要一个愈合的过程。南非政府和非政府组织过去和现在都试图通过各种言论来实现社会融合。种族隔离已经结束 30 年了,但南非仍在努力消除公民之间根深蒂固的不信任、不和谐和不和。2021 年,这一问题已超出了白人和非白人公民之间的鸿沟,还包括其他种族群体之间的紧张关系。本文试图从梵语 "Nishkama Karma "的概念来透视社会凝聚力,其基本含义是无欲无求或无私。研究人员参考了香卡拉、拉玛努贾和马德瓦对《博伽梵歌》的注释,对 "尼什卡玛因果报应 "这一概念进行了研究,以形成对 "尼什卡玛因果报应 "的理解,从而促进社会凝聚力:本文有助于理解印度教的 "尼什卡玛因果报应"(Nishkama Karma)概念,认为它有助于增强南非的社会凝聚力,同时还探讨了不同宗教在支持南非政府目标方面发挥的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Considering the evangelism mandate in the face of interfaith dialogue in South Africa 在南非面对不同信仰间对话时考虑布道任务
Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.237
M. Shunmugam, Marilyn Naidoo
Evangelism is about forming Christian identity, but what is important is how to sustain Christian identity in a religiously pluralistic society. Can one cultivate dedication to a specific religious tradition without vilifying, assimilating, or relativising other religions? It is crucial to recognise that fostering healthy relationships with the religious ‘other’ is a critical element of ecclesial mission in the contemporary global context. As much as Christians need to be educated in intra-religious identity formation using evangelism training, they also need to be prepared for inter-religious dialogue. This article questions the role and purpose of evangelism in a post-colonial South Africa by firstly exploring the historical role of evangelism and thereafter uses current examples from interactions with the Hindu religion to reveal the way in which evangelism perpetuates outdated colonial values. It argues for the need for inter-faith dialogue as well as considers how Christian communities could engage interfaith dialogue.Contribution: The article considers the interplay of the Christian mandate of evangelism with the need for Christians to live in plurality and religious diversity. It places at the forefront the neglected need of inter-faith dialogue essential for social cohesion in broader society.
传福音是为了形成基督徒的身份认同,但重要的是如何在一个宗教多元化的社会中保持基督徒的身份认同。一个人能否在不诋毁、同化或相对化其他宗教的情况下培养对特定宗教传统的献身精神?必须认识到,在当代全球背景下,促进与宗教 "他者 "的健康关系是教会使命的关键要素。正如基督徒需要通过福传培训接受宗教内部身份形成的教育一样,他们也需要为宗教间对话做好准备。本文首先探讨了布道工作的历史作用,然后利用当前与印度教互动的实例,揭示了布道工作延续过时的殖民价值观的方式,从而对布道工作在后殖民时代的南非的作用和目的提出了质疑。文章论证了宗教间对话的必要性,并探讨了基督教团体如何参与宗教间对话:文章探讨了基督教传福音的使命与基督徒生活在多元化和宗教多样性中的需要之间的相互作用。文章将宗教间对话这一被忽视的需求放在首位,而宗教间对话对于社会的凝聚力至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
They have killed your prophets: Roman Catholic Church priests in Nigeria and (non)state actors 他们杀死了你们的先知:尼日利亚罗马天主教会牧师与(非)国家行为者
Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.246
F. Uroko
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引用次数: 0
Exploring women’s challenges and victories in the New Testament through liberation theology 通过解放神学探索新约中妇女的挑战和胜利
Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.230
Mlamli Diko
Women and young girls continue to face a plethora of challenges in contemporary contexts. This is caused and compounded by various factors such as male-orientated perceptions, constricted opportunities and lagging will to advance the transformation and liberation of women and young girls. This is enough to indicate that, unequivocally, there are continued setbacks that affect women. By the same token, it cannot be downplayed that women continue to overcome some of these setbacks. Therefore, this article aims to explore women’s challenges and victories in the Bible, with special reference to the New Testament. To do this, liberation theology is applied as a conceptual framework to advance the discussions in selected incidents. This article makes three notable findings. Firstly, women exercise agency in resisting and denouncing oppressive structures. Secondly, there is a necessity to (re)examine certain biblical narratives with an emphasis on justice and liberation in an attempt to elicit revolutionary perspectives on narratives that have traditionally been interpreted in ways that obstruct women’s roles. Thirdly, there are instances in the New Testament where women find liberation and empowerment through spiritual leadership roles. In closing, this article underscores the significance of scrutinising women’s issues that transcend the biblical narratives in a bid to elicit reasonable solutions to any identified challenges.Contribution: The scholarly contribution of this discourse lies in the exposition of women’s dialogues and biblical narratives. In so doing, this article chooses to focus on liberation theology on account that it is downplayed with presumptions that it is too discipline-focused.
在当代环境中,妇女和女童仍然面临着诸多挑战。造成和加剧这种情况的因素有很多,如以男性为导向的观念、有限的机会以及推动妇女和少女转变和解放的意愿滞后。这足以清楚地表明,影响妇女的挫折仍在继续。同样,我们也不能轻视妇女继续克服某些挫折的努力。因此,本文旨在探讨《圣经》中妇女所面临的挑战和取得的胜利,特别是《新约圣经》。为此,本文采用了解放神学作为概念框架,以推进所选事件中的讨论。本文有三个值得注意的发现。首先,妇女在抵制和谴责压迫性结构时发挥了能动作用。其次,有必要(重新)审视《圣经》中的某些叙事,强调正义和解放,试图对传统上以阻碍妇女角色的方式诠释的叙事提出革命性的观点。第三,在《新约圣经》中,有一些妇女通过精神领导角色获得解放和赋权的例子。最后,本文强调了仔细研究超越圣经叙事的妇女问题的重要性,以便为任何已确定的挑战找到合理的解决方案:本文的学术贡献在于阐述了妇女对话和圣经叙事。在此过程中,本文选择以解放神学为重点,因为人们认为解放神学过于注重学科,因而对其轻描淡写。
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引用次数: 0
Youth as a valuable resource for sustainable leadership 青年是可持续领导力的宝贵资源
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.214
Garth Aziz
Leadership, fundamentally, is about people. It is especially during times of uncertainty, as created by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic when resources become scarce or inaccessible that people remain vital for continued and sustainable leadership. Yet, sustainable leadership is more than the longevity of an organisation. Sustainable leadership is also about community and developing people. The aims of sustainable leadership are most suitable within the church where the community is accessible. However, this article will not simply address the community in the church but the youth as part of the community as vital elements for sustainable leadership. Furthermore, the responsibility of nurturing and supporting the youth for leadership needs to be intentional. The article will address sustainable leadership through practical theology and social capital to achieve its aim.Contribution: The article recognises that the dilemma of sustainable leadership cannot only be approached from a theological perspective but must engage with and pursue an interdisciplinary discussion. In this case, theoretical perspectives and approaches from leadership and social sciences were dialogue partners with theology to address sustainable leadership.
从根本上说,领导力与人有关。尤其是在2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行所造成的不确定时期,当资源变得稀缺或无法获取时,人对于持续和可持续的领导力仍然至关重要。然而,可持续领导力不仅仅是一个组织的长寿。可持续领导力还与社区和人员发展有关。可持续领导力的目标最适合在教会中实现,因为在教会中可以接触到社区。然而,本文将不仅仅讨论教会中的社区,还将讨论作为社区一部分的青年,他们是可持续领导力的重要因素。此外,培养和支持青年领导力的责任需要有意识地承担。本文将通过实用神学和社会资本来探讨可持续领导力,以实现其目标:文章认识到,可持续领导力的困境不能仅仅从神学的角度来解决,而必须进行跨学科的讨论。在本案例中,领导力和社会科学的理论观点和方法与神学成为了解决可持续领导力问题的对话伙伴。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural religion and infertility in South Africa with particular focus on amaXhosa 南非的文化宗教与不孕症,特别关注阿莫索萨人
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.208
Mlamli Diko
The challenge of women’s infertility in the South African context, particularly in rural communities, continues to be a plague because of cultural and religious systems that are interwoven in these communities. The amaXhosa ethnic group is no exception to this challenge given that it is profoundly rooted in its ethnological and religious belief systems. Nevertheless, the fair popularity of this conundrum does not denote that it is not a problem that compromises people’s welfare with major adversarial effects on women. Therefore, this article aims to conduct a scoping literature review to reflect on and explore the cultural and religious implications as well as intricacies of infertility among the amaXhosa ethnic group. The principal findings and discussions indicate that amaXhosa, specifically those that are deemed a couple, are compelled to bear children because of cultural and religious expectations that are further linked to societal expectations. On account of this, the principal arguments herein indicate the necessity to contest and examine how African religious systems, in the context of amaXhosa, configure the overall existence of many individuals, with special reference to issues of infertility.Contribution: The scholarly significance of this article lies in the stimulation of ethnological and religious dialogues that pursue to serve as agents of social transformation in the South African context. In addition to this, the emphasis is on the existing gap that points out that some of the injustices that exist in today’s society are profoundly rooted in African culture and its religious facets.
在南非,尤其是在农村社区,由于文化和宗教体系相互交织,妇女不孕症仍然是一个困扰。阿莫-科萨(amaXhosa)族也不例外,因为这一问题深深植根于其民族和宗教信仰体系中。尽管如此,这一难题的普遍存在并不意味着它不是一个损害人民福祉并对妇女产生重大不利影响 的问题。因此,本文旨在进行一次范围广泛的文献综述,以反思和探讨不孕症在阿马肖萨族中的文化和宗教影响以及错综复杂的问题。主要的研究结果和讨论表明,阿马-科萨人,特别是那些被认为是夫妇的人,由于文化和宗教的期望而不得不生育,而这些期望又与社会期望相联系。有鉴于此,本文的主要论点表明,有必要质疑和研究非洲宗教体系如何在阿马-肖萨人的背景下配置许多人的整体生存,特别是不孕不育问题:本文的学术意义在于促进人种学和宗教对话,从而推动南非的社会变革。此外,文章还强调了现有的差距,指出当今社会中存在的一些不公正现象深深植根于非洲文化及其宗教层面。
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引用次数: 0
Religion and poverty alleviation in South Africa 南非的宗教与减贫
Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.224
M. Shunmugam
South Africa, like all nations, faces several societal ills. In recent years, poverty has seen an increase in its prevalence rates – gaining attention from local, national, and international institutions. Poverty as a global phenomenon has existed for centuries and is predicted to continue for the foreseeable future. Amid this gloomy prediction, religion offers a beacon of hope. Religious communities provide a sense of comfort, security, and hope for a better future. However, they are also institutions capable of great social change and influence. Considering South Africa’s diverse and large religious community, the question of how religious communities can support poverty alleviation efforts and curb the growth of poverty becomes important, necessary, and relevant to the existing discourse on multilateral collaboration towards poverty alleviation.Contribution: This article contributes to understanding different religious views on poverty towards understanding the importance of the religious community and interfaith dialogue and collaboration in addressing the growth of poverty in South Africa.
与所有国家一样,南非也面临着一些社会弊病。近年来,贫困的发生率有所上升,引起了地方、国家和国际机构的关注。贫困作为一种全球现象已经存在了几个世纪,预计在可预见的未来还会继续存在。在这一黯淡的预测中,宗教提供了希望的灯塔。宗教团体给人一种舒适感、安全感和对美好未来的希望。然而,它们也是能够带来巨大社会变革和影响的机构。考虑到南非宗教团体的多样性和庞大性,宗教团体如何支持扶贫工作和遏制贫困增长的问题变得重要、必要,并与现有的多边扶贫合作讨论相关:本文有助于了解宗教界对贫困问题的不同看法,从而理解宗教界和宗教间对话与合作在解决南非贫困加剧问题方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Why is pastoral care crucial to Africa? Towards an African pastoral care perspective 为什么牧灵关怀对非洲至关重要?从非洲牧灵关怀的角度看问题
Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.4102/tv.v48i1.228
Patrick Nanthambwe
Without a doubt, pastoral care as the frontline ministry of the church has been crucial in Africa. Numerous obstacles confronting the African continent as a whole make pastoral care indispensable. Despite the fact that many scholars have acknowledged this, the distinctiveness of pastoral care in Africa has not been extensively investigated. What is it about pastoral care that makes it such an essential ministry in Africa? Other questions that must be addressed to clarify the primary question include: If pastoral care is essential, what is the church doing to expand pastoral care in Africa? What contributions are pastoral care theologians making to the academic impact of pastoral care discourse? This article examines why pastoral care is essential and how the church and pastoral care theologians can increase its impact in Africa. The article’s thesis is supported by extant research within the field of pastoral care.Contribution: The article presents a discussion on the importance of pastoral care in Africa. The article helps elaborate on the need to have pastoral care in Africa that will effectively serve its people. Churches and pastoral care scholars in Africa will benefit from the discussion of this article as it helps in mapping the direction of pastoral care in Africa.
毫无疑问,教牧关怀作为教会的前线事工在非洲至关重要。非洲大陆作为一个整体所面临的众多障碍使得教牧关怀变得不可或缺。尽管许多学者都承认这一点,但对非洲教牧关怀的独特性还没有进行广泛的研究。究竟是什么原因使牧灵关怀成为非洲不可或缺的事工?为了澄清首要问题,还必须解决其他一些问题,其中包括:如果教牧关怀是必不可少的,那么教会正在做什么来扩大非洲的教牧关怀?教牧关怀神学家对教牧关怀论述的学术影响做出了哪些贡献?本文探讨了教牧关怀为何至关重要,以及教会和教牧关怀神学家如何扩大教牧关怀在非洲的影响。文章的论点得到了教牧关怀领域现有研究的支持:文章讨论了教牧关怀在非洲的重要性。文章有助于阐述在非洲开展有效服务非洲人民的教牧关怀的必要性。非洲的教会和教牧关怀学者将从本文的讨论中受益,因为它有助于规划非洲教牧关怀的方向。
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引用次数: 0
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Theologia Viatorum
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