Quaternary Science Advances最新文献

Fault growth and rupture history based on displacement distribution along the Luoshan Fault, NW China 基于位移分布的罗山断裂带断裂生长与破裂史研究

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100255

Haoyu Zhou , Wenjun Zheng , Dongli Zhang , Xin Sun , Bingxu Liu , Shiqi Wei , Guang Yang

The growth and development of faults are driven by repetitive earthquakes, which accumulate displacement and extend rupture lengths. This process changes fault morphology, resulting in surface ruptures that are preserved in the geomorphology as displaced landforms. High-resolution geomorphic data enable the precise acquisition of these displaced landforms, facilitating detailed analysis of slip distributions along faults and offering quantitative constraints on the growth and rupture history of faults. In this study, an airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system was employed to obtain 0.5-m resolution geomorphic data >500 m long on both sides of the Luoshan Fault on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. By interpreting and distinguishing different geomorphic markers, we identified and measured 436 right-lateral offsets along the Luoshan Fault. Based on statistical analysis methods, we determined that there were six strong earthquakes within 10 m of the cumulative displacement along the Luoshan Fault. Except for the latest event, the other five strong events showed regular displacement increments of approximately 1.9 m, revealing a strong earthquake pattern of approximate characteristic slip. The different cumulative displacement distributions correspond to various stages of fault growth. The growth pattern of the Luoshan Fault evolves from fault tip propagation and linkage (Events 1–5) to a mode of growth with a constant fault length but increased cumulative displacement (Event 6). Based on the displacement distribution along the Luoshan Fault, the northern segment is more likely to experience earthquake events, with magnitudes ranging from Mw 6.84 to 7.12.

断层的生长发育是由反复地震驱动的，这些地震积累了位移，延长了断裂长度。这一过程改变了断层形态，导致地表破裂，这些破裂作为移位的地貌保存在地貌学中。高分辨率的地貌数据可以精确获取这些位移地貌，便于对断层滑动分布进行详细分析，并为断层的生长和破裂历史提供定量约束。本研究利用机载光探测与测距（LiDAR）系统，对青藏高原东北部罗山断裂带两侧500 m长的0.5 m分辨率地貌数据进行了采集。通过对不同地貌标志的解释和区分，确定并测量了罗山断裂带的436个右侧偏移。利用统计分析方法，确定了沿罗山断裂带累计位移10 m范围内发生了6次强震。除最近一次强震外，其余5次强震均表现出约1.9 m的规律性位移增量，呈现出近似特征滑动的强震模式。不同的累积位移分布对应于断层发育的不同阶段。罗山断裂的发育模式由断裂尖端扩展联动（事件1-5）演变为断层长度不变但累积位移增大（事件6）的发育模式。根据罗山断裂的位移分布，北段发生地震的可能性较大，震级在Mw 6.84 ~ 7.12之间。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ and modelled debris thickness distribution on Panchi Nala Glacier (western Himalaya, India) and its impact on glacier state 潘奇纳拉冰川（印度喜马拉雅山西部）的原地和模型碎屑厚度分布及其对冰川状态的影响

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100254

Purushottam Kumar Garg , Mohd Farooq Azam , Iram Ali , Aparna Shukla , Arindan Mandal , Himanshu Kaushik

This study presents extensive in-situ debris thickness measurements over the Panchi Nala Glacier (western Himalaya, India) and models its spatial distribution using remote sensing and ERA-5 reanalysis data. A rigorous comparison of in-situ and modelled debris thickness and a systematic assessment of its influence on glacier state (2000–2019) are also made. In-situ measurements reveal debris thickness ranging from 0 to 70 ± 0.25 cm. Modelled debris thickness ranges from 0 to 64 ± 1.75 cm. Debris thickness pattern is such that it increases from centre to margins and snout to upglacier. In-situ and modelled debris thickness show a good positive correlation (r = 0.73; p < 0.05). Further, the glacier-wide mass balance is −0.51 ± 0.09 m w.e./y. Modelled debris thickness showed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.66; p < 0.05) with surface lowering, indicating reduced melt under thick debris. These moderate-to-good correlations in both cases can be ascribed to the inability of coarse resolution data to capture small supraglacial feature variations. Also, thicker debris over margins probably protected it, manifested through limited area loss (0.13 ± 0.2%/y) and snout retreat (5.9 ± 1.6 m/y). Results show higher thinning over the upper ablation zone (4725–4925 m asl) compared to the lower ablation zone (4546–4725 m asl), likely induced by typical debris distribution, has reduced the glacier-tongue's slope (6.7°). Gentle glacier-tongue in a negative mass balance regime with growing debris (0.3 ± 0.2%/y) has become conducive to supraglacial ponds and ice cliffs development, which now dominate ablation processes. Overall, the study presents crucial data on debris thickness and provides vital insights into glacier evolution.

本研究利用遥感和ERA-5再分析数据，对潘奇纳拉冰川（印度喜马拉雅山西部）的碎屑厚度进行了广泛的实地测量，并对其空间分布进行了建模。此外，还对原位碎片厚度和建模碎片厚度进行了严格比较，并系统评估了碎片厚度对冰川状态（2000-2019 年）的影响。原位测量显示碎屑厚度范围为 0 至 70 ± 0.25 厘米。模拟的碎屑厚度范围为 0 至 64 ± 1.75 厘米。碎屑厚度的变化规律是，从冰川中心到边缘，从冰川鼻端到上冰川，碎屑厚度不断增加。原位和模拟的碎屑厚度显示出良好的正相关性（r = 0.73; p < 0.05）。此外，整个冰川的质量平衡为-0.51 ± 0.09 m w.e./y。模拟的碎屑厚度与地表下降呈中度正相关（r = 0.66; p <0.05），表明厚碎屑下的融化减少。这两种情况下的中度到良好相关性可归因于粗分辨率数据无法捕捉到微小的上冰川特征变化。此外，边缘较厚的碎屑可能对其起到了保护作用，表现为有限的面积损失（0.13 ± 0.2%/年）和鼻端后退（5.9 ± 1.6 米/年）。结果表明，上消融带（海拔 4725-4925 米）比下消融带（海拔 4546-4725 米）的消融程度更高，这可能是由于典型的碎屑分布造成的，从而降低了冰川舌的坡度（6.7°）。由于碎屑不断增加（0.3 ± 0.2%/年），处于负质量平衡状态的温和冰川舌有利于超冰川池塘和冰崖的形成，而这两种现象目前在消融过程中占主导地位。总之，该研究提供了有关碎屑厚度的重要数据，并为冰川演变提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

Tracing drainage capture between the two large tributaries of the Yangtze River in the southeastern Tibetan plateau: Insights from detrital apatite fission-track thermochronology 追溯青藏高原东南部长江两大支流之间的排水捕获：非晶磷灰石裂变轨道热年代学的启示

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100252

Rong Yang, Rongyan Li, Cheng Su, Junqing He, Chenchao Xu, Xuhua Shi, Hanlin Chen

The evolution of drainage patterns in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau remains a highly controversial topic. In this study, we provide solid evidence that the Dadu and Anning Rivers, located in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, have undergone reorganization after the plateau uplift. Through detrital apatite fission-track dating on modern sediments from both rivers, as well as the upper Pliocene - lower Pleistocene Xigeda Formation of the Anning, we reveal that the modern sediments of the Dadu River are dominated by young AFT ages (<5 Ma), consistent with the bedrock ages in its drainage basin. Similarly, the Anning modern sediments and the Xigeda Formation exhibit a significant portion of young ages (peaking at 4.2 and 4.4 Ma, respectively), contrasting with the older ages observed in the bedrocks of the Anning drainage basin but comparable to those of the Dadu drainage basin. We conclude that the Anning and Dadu Rivers were connected during the deposition of the Xigeda Formation, and the modern Anning River receives significant recycled sediments from this formation.

青藏高原东南部排水格局的演变仍是一个极具争议的话题。在这项研究中，我们提供了确凿的证据，证明位于青藏高原东南部的大渡河和安宁河在高原隆升之后经历了重组。通过对这两条河流的现代沉积物以及安宁河上新世-下更新世西格达地层的非晶磷灰石裂轨测年，我们发现大渡河现代沉积物以年轻的AFT年龄（<5 Ma）为主，与其流域基岩年龄一致。同样，安宁现代沉积物和西格达地层也显示出相当一部分年轻的年龄（峰值分别为 4.2 和 4.4 Ma），与安宁流域基岩中观察到的较老年龄形成对比，但与大渡河流域的基岩年龄相当。我们的结论是，安宁河和大渡河在西格达地层沉积期间是相通的，现代安宁河从该地层获得了大量的循环沉积物。

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引用次数: 0

GIS and remote sensing-based wildlife habitat suitability analysis for Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) at Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia 基于地理信息系统和遥感技术的埃塞俄比亚巴勒山国家公园山地尼亚拉（Tragelaphus buxtoni）野生动物栖息地适宜性分析

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100251

Mamush Masha , Gemechu Tadila , Elias Bojago

Ethiopia's Bale Mountains National Park protects the continent's largest remaining alpine environments. This park was first suggested in 1973 to safeguard its great biodiversity, including the endangered Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) and Red Foxes. Despite these conservation measures, the lack of infrastructure and the enormous area projected have resulted in significant wildlife habitat fragmentation. The purpose of this study is to analyse the habitat suitability of the Mountain Nyala in Bale Mountains National Park using GIS and remote sensing approach in order to inform conservation efforts and assist park management seekers in making policy decisions. To identify potential habitats for the Mountain Nyala, the study employed GIS spatial analyst techniques such as the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat 9 (OLI/TIRS) data, as well as key environmental factors such as vegetation types, soil types, topographic factors (elevation and slope), climate factors (temperature), and proximity factors (distance to settlements, roads, and rivers). The Weights of these factors was calculated using IDRISI32 Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) with the pair-wise comparison method. These weighted factor maps were then integrated through weighted overlay analysis to model wildlife habitat suitability. The analysis revealed five classes of habitat suitability; of the total land area studied, 1326.7 km² (60%) was deemed suitable for the Mountain Nyala while 881.3 km² (40%) was unsuitable. Specifically, 327.4 km² (15%) was classified as highly suitable, 240.7 km² (11%) as moderately suitable, 758.6 km² (34%) as marginally suitable, 352.4 km² (16%) as currently not suitable, and 528.9 km² (24%) as permanently not suitable. The majority of suitable habitats are concentrated in the northern part of the park, along the western border, and in the Harrena forest area. This study provides vital insights into habitat suitability that are crucial for the conservation of the Mountain Nyala and the overall management of the park.

埃塞俄比亚的巴莱山国家公园保护着非洲大陆现存最大的高山环境。该公园于 1973 年首次提出，旨在保护其丰富的生物多样性，包括濒临灭绝的高山尼亚拉（Tragelaphus buxtoni）和赤狐。尽管采取了这些保护措施，但基础设施的缺乏和规划面积的巨大，导致野生动物栖息地严重破碎化。本研究的目的是利用地理信息系统和遥感方法分析巴莱山国家公园中山羚羊的栖息地适宜性，以便为保护工作提供信息，并协助公园管理者做出政策决定。为确定山地尼亚拉的潜在栖息地，研究采用了地理信息系统空间分析技术，如数字高程模型（DEM）和大地遥感卫星 9（OLI/TIRS）数据，以及关键环境因素，如植被类型、土壤类型、地形因素（海拔和坡度）、气候因素（温度）和邻近因素（与定居点、道路和河流的距离）。这些因素的权重是利用 IDRISI32 多标准评价（MCE）的成对比较法计算得出的。然后，通过加权叠加分析将这些加权因子图整合起来，建立野生生物栖息地适宜性模型。分析结果显示，栖息地适宜性分为五个等级；在所研究的全部土地面积中，有 1326.7 平方公里（60%）被认为适合山地尼亚拉栖息，881.3 平方公里（40%）不适合。具体来说，327.4 平方公里（15%）被归类为高度适宜，240.7 平方公里（11%）被归类为中度适宜，758.6 平方公里（34%）被归类为略微适宜，352.4 平方公里（16%）被归类为目前不适宜，528.9 平方公里（24%）被归类为永久不适宜。大部分适宜栖息地集中在公园北部、西部边界沿线和哈雷纳森林地区。这项研究提供了关于栖息地适宜性的重要见解，对保护山地尼亚拉和公园的整体管理至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Combined GIS, FR and AHP approaches to landslide susceptibility and risk zonation in the Baso Liben district, Northwestern Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西北部巴索利本地区滑坡易发性和风险分区的 GIS、FR 和 AHP 组合方法

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100250

Biniyam Taye Alamrew , Tibebu Kassawmar , Likinaw Mengstie , Muralitharan Jothimani

In mountainous places, landslides pose severe environmental threats, weakening infrastructure, resulting in death and costing the economy. This article assesses landslide susceptibility and risk in the Baso Liben district of Northwestern Ethiopia using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Frequency Ratio (FR). Eleven key environmental and geological components— height, slope, lithology, soil type, and land use—were studied. After field research and Google Earth photos, 342 landslide incidents were collated and separated into validation (30%) and training (70%) datasets. ROC curves provide a technique for analyzing the efficacy of the FR and AHP models. With an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 83.4%, the AHP model exhibited superior accuracy than the FR model, with an AUC value of 74.4%. Very low, low, moderate, high, and very high vulnerability are five categories defined as landslide hazard zones. The AHP model assessed 10.5% of the area as very high risk, 19.8% as high danger, 25.6% as moderate risk, 28% as medium risk, and 16.1% as very low risk. The FR model meanwhile assessed 10.16% of the area as very high risk, 21.3% as high risk, 28.9% as moderate risk, 22.5% as low risk, and 17.04% as very low risk. The results reveal that slope angle, lithology, and elevation are key factors impacting landslide vulnerability. These findings equip a practical framework for land-use planning and disaster risk reduction, providing decision-makers with appropriate instruments to help lessen landslide hazards. The research underscores the significance of combining objective data analysis with expert knowledge to enhance the accuracy and reliability of landslide susceptibility models.

在山区，山体滑坡会对环境造成严重威胁，削弱基础设施，造成人员伤亡，并使经济蒙受损失。本文采用层次分析法（AHP）和基于地理信息系统（GIS）的频率比（FR）对埃塞俄比亚西北部巴索利本地区的滑坡易发性和风险进行了评估。研究了 11 个关键的环境和地质要素--高度、坡度、岩性、土壤类型和土地利用。经过实地调查和谷歌地球照片，整理出 342 起滑坡事件，并将其分为验证数据集（30%）和训练数据集（70%）。ROC 曲线为分析 FR 模型和 AHP 模型的有效性提供了一种技术。AHP 模型的曲线下面积（AUC）值为 83.4%，比 FR 模型（AUC 值为 74.4%）表现出更高的准确性。极低、低、中、高和极高的脆弱性被定义为滑坡危险区的五个类别。AHP 模型将 10.5% 的区域评估为极高风险区，19.8% 为高危险区，25.6% 为中等风险区，28% 为中等风险区，16.1% 为极低风险区。而 FR 模型则将 10.16% 的区域评估为极高风险，21.3% 为高风险，28.9% 为中等风险，22.5% 为低风险，17.04% 为极低风险。结果表明，坡角、岩性和海拔是影响滑坡脆弱性的关键因素。这些研究结果为土地利用规划和减少灾害风险提供了一个实用框架，为决策者提供了帮助减少滑坡危害的适当工具。这项研究强调了将客观数据分析与专家知识相结合以提高滑坡易发性模型的准确性和可靠性的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Cultural rhythms and pulses on MIS 5-3 migration episodes of Homo sapiens dispersal in Northeast Africa 非洲东北部 MIS 5-3 智人迁徙事件的文化节奏和脉动

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100248

Jürgen Richter , Karin Kindermann , Ralf Vogelsang , Felix Henselowsky

On the one hand, genetic observations suggest one essential migration of anatomically modern humans (AMH) from Africa to Eurasia had taken place around 70-50 ka BP and led to the dispersal of AMH all over the world (Out-of-Africa-II model). On the other hand, given the initial phase of the migration would have been located in East and Northeast Africa, archaeological patterning of cultural traits can, so far, neither support nor contradict such a model within the supposed area of migration, and at the time concerned hereby. This paper addresses the obvious invisibility of the migration in the archaeological record and the reasons for it. We propose the summer/winter rainfall frontier to have caused phases of isolation between East and Northeast Africa, impeding cultural exchange between these areas, either resulting from acculturation or migration. We exclude large scale events of dispersal, only small-scale movements of populations to be admitted. This might explain the lack of archaeological visibility of the migration event.

一方面，遗传学观察表明，解剖学意义上的现代人（AMH）在公元前 70-50 千年左右从非洲向欧亚大陆进行了一次基本迁徙，并导致 AMH 散布到世界各地（"走出非洲-II "模式）。另一方面，由于迁徙的初始阶段位于非洲东部和东北部，文化特征的考古学模式迄今为止既不支持也不反对在假定的迁徙地区和相关时间内的这一模式。本文探讨了考古记录中迁徙的明显隐蔽性及其原因。我们认为夏季/冬季降雨边界造成了东非和东北非之间的阶段性隔离，阻碍了这些地区之间的文化交流，这可能是文化适应或迁徙造成的。我们排除了大规模的扩散事件，只接受小规模的人口迁移。这或许可以解释为什么迁徙事件在考古学上并不明显。

引用次数: 0

Middle Stone Age technological organisation from MIS 5 at Mertenhof Rockshelter, South Africa 南非默滕霍夫岩石栖息地 MIS 5 的中石器时代技术组织

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100243

Corey A. O'Driscoll , Alex Mackay

Lithic technological organisation within the southern Africa Early Middle Stone Age (∼315,000–80,000 years ago) has seen relatively little investigation owing to the subtly of technological change, frequent use of locally derived raw materials, and the archaeological spatio-temporal discontinuity. This has resulted in relatively limited use of explanatory models for technological variability, including mobility, provisioning, tool production, and core reduction strategies. This paper uses 2952 artefacts to test the lithic technological organisation across Marine Isotope Stage 5 units of Mertenhof Rockshelter. Here we argue that the scales and concepts currently used to approach Early Middle Stone Age technology requires reconsideration. The Mertenhof sequence exhibits high proportions of non-local raw materials with their transport reflective of tactical adjustments within relatively stable mobility, provisioning, and reduction strategies. We demonstrate that Early Middle Stone Age populations maintained a diverse array of tactical solutions across these strategic domains, offering a durable and flexible strategy that would be adapted to changing contexts.

由于技术变化的微妙性、当地原材料的频繁使用以及考古时空的不连续性，对南部非洲早中期石器时代（距今 31.5 万至 8 万年前）石器技术组织的研究相对较少。这导致对技术变异的解释模型的使用相对有限，包括流动性、供给、工具生产和核心减缩策略。本文使用了 2952 件文物来检验梅尔腾霍夫岩石舍海洋同位素阶段 5 各单元的石器技术组织。在此，我们认为目前用于研究中石器时代早期技术的尺度和概念需要重新考虑。梅尔滕霍夫序列展示了高比例的非本地原材料，它们的运输反映了在相对稳定的流动、供给和减少战略中的战术调整。我们证明，中石器时代早期的人群在这些战略领域中保持着多种多样的战术解决方案，提供了一种能够适应不断变化的环境的持久而灵活的战略。

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引用次数: 0

Historical vegetation shifts in southeastern Amazonia: Unraveling ecotone dynamics in the Carajás region over the last ∼14000 cal yr BP 亚马孙东南部历史上的植被变化：揭示卡拉哈斯地区在公元前 14000 ∼ 14000 年间的生态平衡动态

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100245

Karen da Silva Lopes , Luiza Santos Reis , Prafulla Kumar Sahoo , Markus Gastauer , Renato Oliveira da Silva Júnior , Adayana Maria Queiroz de Melo , Alessandro Sabá Leite , Gabriel Negreiro Salomão , Luiza Araújo Romeiro , Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues , Edilson Freitas da Silva , Mariana Maha Jana Costa Figueiredo , José Tasso Felix Guimarães

This study investigates the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in Serra Leste, a highly endangered southeastern Amazonian ecotone, with a focus on the lake-filling process, climate changes, and potential consequences to forest and savanna dynamics. The lake's development began at approximately 14000 cal yr BP, resulting from the collapse of the fractured lateritic crust. Sedimentation patterns and geochemical, palynological and micro-charcoal proxies reveal shifts in detrital input and redox conditions, forest/savanna areas, and local and regional fire events, indicating a highly dynamic environmental history. The evolution of the lake is characterized by initial deltaic lobe deposition and forest dominance, followed in the Middle Holocene by sedimentary gaps or reduced detrital input; woody vegetation dominance, with a notable shift toward a more open landscape; and savanna and semideciduous dry forest, accompanied by a decrease in ombrophilous forests. A resurgence in arboreal elements recorded in the Late Holocene indicates an expansion of ombrophilous forests under wetter climate conditions and the establishment of a more continuous forest matrix, with the presence of likely “hyperdominant” taxa. Frequent local fire events and the occurrence of temporarily correlated archeological sites in the Serra Leste region suggest the influence of ancient indigenous communities on vegetation changes during the Late Holocene.

本研究调查了亚马逊东南部一个濒临灭绝的生态区--塞拉莱斯特的更新世-全新世过渡时期，重点是湖泊填平过程、气候变化以及对森林和热带稀树草原动态的潜在影响。该湖的开发始于大约公元前 14000 卡年，是断裂的红土地壳崩塌的结果。沉积模式以及地球化学、古生物学和微炭代用指标揭示了碎屑输入和氧化还原条件、森林/稀树草原区域以及局部和区域火灾事件的变化，表明了一个高度动态的环境历史。湖泊演变的特点是最初的三角洲叶沉积和森林占主导地位，随后在中全新世出现了沉积缺口或减少了碎屑输入；木本植物占主导地位，并明显转向更开阔的地貌；以及热带草原和半落叶干燥林，同时滋养林减少。全新世晚期记录到的树栖要素的恢复表明，在更潮湿的气候条件下，滋养层森林有所扩大，并建立了更连续的森林基质，可能出现了 "超优势 "类群。塞拉莱斯特地区频繁发生的地方性火灾事件和临时相关的考古遗址表明，古代土著社区对全新世晚期的植被变化产生了影响。

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引用次数: 0

Landslide susceptibility mapping using frequency ratio and analytical hierarchy process method in Awabel Woreda, Ethiopia 在埃塞俄比亚阿瓦贝尔县使用频率比和层次分析法绘制滑坡易发性地图

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100246

Engdaw Gulbet, Belete Getahun

A landslide is a serious geo-environmental problem that results in the death of life and the devastation of infrastructure, properties, and agricultural lands. This research aimed to identify landslide susceptibility zones in selected Kebels of Awabel Woreda, central Ethiopia. Frequency ratio (FR) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods were used. 175 landslide inventory data collected from Google Earth and field data were collected for testing and training data sets. Using the analytical hierarchy process, all the thematic layers (stream distance, slope, aspect, rainfall, lineament density, elevation, lithology, soil, land use/land cover, and curvature) were reclassified and weighted based on their relative contribution to landslide occurrence with the help of experts’ knowledge. The results show that 11.85% and 20.52 % of the study fall under the very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while the low susceptible zones cover 26.3% and 14.74% of the area. The landslide susceptibility zone identified by the frequency ratio model shows that (6.09%) and (16.9%) of the area covered very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while 30.4% and 23.4% of the area covered low and very susceptible zones, respectively. The predicted landslide-susceptible areas were validated using existing landslide points with the help of the ROC tool in ArcGIS. Area under the curve (AUC) results were 84.5% for the AHP model and 73% for the frequency ratio model. The find of this study will provide an input for decision makers and land use planners in the future.

山体滑坡是一个严重的地质环境问题，会导致人员死亡，基础设施、财产和农田遭到破坏。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚中部阿瓦贝尔省选定的 Kebels 地区的滑坡易发区。研究采用了频率比（FR）和层次分析法（AHP）。从谷歌地球和实地数据中收集了 175 个滑坡清单数据，作为测试和训练数据集。利用分析层次过程，在专家知识的帮助下，对所有主题层（流距、坡度、坡向、降雨量、线状密度、海拔高度、岩性、土壤、土地利用/土地覆盖和曲率）进行了重新分类，并根据其对滑坡发生的相对贡献进行了加权。结果表明，研究范围内分别有 11.85% 和 20.52% 的区域属于极易滑坡区和易滑坡区，而低易滑坡区分别占 26.3% 和 14.74% 的区域。频率比模型确定的滑坡易发区显示，极高易发区和高易发区分别占（6.09%）和（16.9%），低易发区和极易发区分别占（30.4%）和（23.4%）。借助 ArcGIS 中的 ROC 工具，利用现有滑坡点对预测的滑坡易发区进行了验证。AHP 模型的曲线下面积（AUC）结果为 84.5%，频率比模型为 73%。这项研究的结果将为决策者和土地利用规划者提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of drainage characteristics, water resources and sediment supply of the Bengal basin 孟加拉盆地的排水特征、水资源和泥沙供应综述

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100244

Md Bazlar Rashid , Md Ahosan Habib , Md Sultan-Ul-Islam , Rahat Khan , Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam

This systematic review attempts to delineate a synthesis of the main drainage characteristics of the Bengal basin through the study of historical data, old maps, reports, records, satellite images, water and sediment discharge, etc. In doing so, especial emphasize is given on the changing scenery of the river courses (paleo-present), sediment supply and water resources as well as downstream impact on socio-economy and valuable landforms (e.g., agricultural, settlement, urban, sub-urban, municipality, industry, forest, etc.). Nevertheless, impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem, water discharge and suspended sediment transport to deltas, eco-environment, human-life etcetera were also considered in evaluating the drainage characteristics. With continuing earlier custom, till now, human lives, valuable landforms and national economy have continuously been negatively affected by the rapid and frequently changing flow path of the largest rivers (Padma, Jamuna, Meghna) with the consequential river bank erosion. Furthermore, the polders, embankments, river training, and upstream barrages/dams lead to cause and enhance undesired channel siltation, land subsidence, severe erosion, sudden catastrophic floods, water logging, salinity, etc., and also hinder sediment transportation/delivery and water discharge to the basin. Finally, it has a huge impact on the basin's human-life, landforms, biodiversity, ecosystem, eco-environment, etc.

本系统综述试图通过研究历史数据、古地图、报告、记录、卫星图像、水和沉积物排放量等，对孟加拉盆地的主要排水特征进行综合描述。在此过程中，特别强调了河道（古至今）、沉积物供应和水资源的变化情况，以及下游对社会经济和有价值的地貌（如农业、定居点、城市、城郊、市政、工业、森林等）的影响。不过，在评估排水特征时，也考虑了对生物多样性、生态系统、排水和三角洲悬浮沉积物迁移、生态环境、人类生活等方面的影响。由于延续了之前的习惯，迄今为止，最大的河流（帕德玛河、贾木纳河、梅格纳河）湍急而频繁的流向变化以及随之而来的河岸侵蚀不断对人类生活、宝贵的地貌和国民经济造成负面影响。此外，圩田、堤坝、河道整治和上游拦河坝/坝导致并加剧了河道淤积、土地沉降、严重侵蚀、突发灾难性洪水、水涝、盐碱化等问题，同时也阻碍了沉积物的运输/输送以及向流域的排水。最后，还会对流域的人类生活、地貌、生物多样性、生态系统、生态环境等产生巨大影响。

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