Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100252
Rong Yang, Rongyan Li, Cheng Su, Junqing He, Chenchao Xu, Xuhua Shi, Hanlin Chen
The evolution of drainage patterns in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau remains a highly controversial topic. In this study, we provide solid evidence that the Dadu and Anning Rivers, located in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, have undergone reorganization after the plateau uplift. Through detrital apatite fission-track dating on modern sediments from both rivers, as well as the upper Pliocene - lower Pleistocene Xigeda Formation of the Anning, we reveal that the modern sediments of the Dadu River are dominated by young AFT ages (<5 Ma), consistent with the bedrock ages in its drainage basin. Similarly, the Anning modern sediments and the Xigeda Formation exhibit a significant portion of young ages (peaking at 4.2 and 4.4 Ma, respectively), contrasting with the older ages observed in the bedrocks of the Anning drainage basin but comparable to those of the Dadu drainage basin. We conclude that the Anning and Dadu Rivers were connected during the deposition of the Xigeda Formation, and the modern Anning River receives significant recycled sediments from this formation.
{"title":"Tracing drainage capture between the two large tributaries of the Yangtze River in the southeastern Tibetan plateau: Insights from detrital apatite fission-track thermochronology","authors":"Rong Yang, Rongyan Li, Cheng Su, Junqing He, Chenchao Xu, Xuhua Shi, Hanlin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution of drainage patterns in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau remains a highly controversial topic. In this study, we provide solid evidence that the Dadu and Anning Rivers, located in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, have undergone reorganization after the plateau uplift. Through detrital apatite fission-track dating on modern sediments from both rivers, as well as the upper Pliocene - lower Pleistocene Xigeda Formation of the Anning, we reveal that the modern sediments of the Dadu River are dominated by young AFT ages (<5 Ma), consistent with the bedrock ages in its drainage basin. Similarly, the Anning modern sediments and the Xigeda Formation exhibit a significant portion of young ages (peaking at 4.2 and 4.4 Ma, respectively), contrasting with the older ages observed in the bedrocks of the Anning drainage basin but comparable to those of the Dadu drainage basin. We conclude that the Anning and Dadu Rivers were connected during the deposition of the Xigeda Formation, and the modern Anning River receives significant recycled sediments from this formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100251
Mamush Masha , Gemechu Tadila , Elias Bojago
Ethiopia's Bale Mountains National Park protects the continent's largest remaining alpine environments. This park was first suggested in 1973 to safeguard its great biodiversity, including the endangered Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) and Red Foxes. Despite these conservation measures, the lack of infrastructure and the enormous area projected have resulted in significant wildlife habitat fragmentation. The purpose of this study is to analyse the habitat suitability of the Mountain Nyala in Bale Mountains National Park using GIS and remote sensing approach in order to inform conservation efforts and assist park management seekers in making policy decisions. To identify potential habitats for the Mountain Nyala, the study employed GIS spatial analyst techniques such as the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat 9 (OLI/TIRS) data, as well as key environmental factors such as vegetation types, soil types, topographic factors (elevation and slope), climate factors (temperature), and proximity factors (distance to settlements, roads, and rivers). The Weights of these factors was calculated using IDRISI32 Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) with the pair-wise comparison method. These weighted factor maps were then integrated through weighted overlay analysis to model wildlife habitat suitability. The analysis revealed five classes of habitat suitability; of the total land area studied, 1326.7 km2 (60%) was deemed suitable for the Mountain Nyala while 881.3 km2 (40%) was unsuitable. Specifically, 327.4 km2 (15%) was classified as highly suitable, 240.7 km2 (11%) as moderately suitable, 758.6 km2 (34%) as marginally suitable, 352.4 km2 (16%) as currently not suitable, and 528.9 km2 (24%) as permanently not suitable. The majority of suitable habitats are concentrated in the northern part of the park, along the western border, and in the Harrena forest area. This study provides vital insights into habitat suitability that are crucial for the conservation of the Mountain Nyala and the overall management of the park.
{"title":"GIS and remote sensing-based wildlife habitat suitability analysis for Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) at Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia","authors":"Mamush Masha , Gemechu Tadila , Elias Bojago","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethiopia's Bale Mountains National Park protects the continent's largest remaining alpine environments. This park was first suggested in 1973 to safeguard its great biodiversity, including the endangered Mountain Nyala (<em>Tragelaphus buxtoni</em>) and Red Foxes. Despite these conservation measures, the lack of infrastructure and the enormous area projected have resulted in significant wildlife habitat fragmentation. The purpose of this study is to analyse the habitat suitability of the Mountain Nyala in Bale Mountains National Park using GIS and remote sensing approach in order to inform conservation efforts and assist park management seekers in making policy decisions. To identify potential habitats for the Mountain Nyala, the study employed GIS spatial analyst techniques such as the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat 9 (OLI/TIRS) data, as well as key environmental factors such as vegetation types, soil types, topographic factors (elevation and slope), climate factors (temperature), and proximity factors (distance to settlements, roads, and rivers). The Weights of these factors was calculated using IDRISI32 Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) with the pair-wise comparison method. These weighted factor maps were then integrated through weighted overlay analysis to model wildlife habitat suitability. The analysis revealed five classes of habitat suitability; of the total land area studied, 1326.7 km<sup>2</sup> (60%) was deemed suitable for the Mountain Nyala while 881.3 km<sup>2</sup> (40%) was unsuitable. Specifically, 327.4 km<sup>2</sup> (15%) was classified as highly suitable, 240.7 km<sup>2</sup> (11%) as moderately suitable, 758.6 km<sup>2</sup> (34%) as marginally suitable, 352.4 km<sup>2</sup> (16%) as currently not suitable, and 528.9 km<sup>2</sup> (24%) as permanently not suitable. The majority of suitable habitats are concentrated in the northern part of the park, along the western border, and in the Harrena forest area. This study provides vital insights into habitat suitability that are crucial for the conservation of the Mountain Nyala and the overall management of the park.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In mountainous places, landslides pose severe environmental threats, weakening infrastructure, resulting in death and costing the economy. This article assesses landslide susceptibility and risk in the Baso Liben district of Northwestern Ethiopia using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Frequency Ratio (FR). Eleven key environmental and geological components— height, slope, lithology, soil type, and land use—were studied. After field research and Google Earth photos, 342 landslide incidents were collated and separated into validation (30%) and training (70%) datasets. ROC curves provide a technique for analyzing the efficacy of the FR and AHP models. With an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 83.4%, the AHP model exhibited superior accuracy than the FR model, with an AUC value of 74.4%. Very low, low, moderate, high, and very high vulnerability are five categories defined as landslide hazard zones. The AHP model assessed 10.5% of the area as very high risk, 19.8% as high danger, 25.6% as moderate risk, 28% as medium risk, and 16.1% as very low risk. The FR model meanwhile assessed 10.16% of the area as very high risk, 21.3% as high risk, 28.9% as moderate risk, 22.5% as low risk, and 17.04% as very low risk. The results reveal that slope angle, lithology, and elevation are key factors impacting landslide vulnerability. These findings equip a practical framework for land-use planning and disaster risk reduction, providing decision-makers with appropriate instruments to help lessen landslide hazards. The research underscores the significance of combining objective data analysis with expert knowledge to enhance the accuracy and reliability of landslide susceptibility models.
{"title":"Combined GIS, FR and AHP approaches to landslide susceptibility and risk zonation in the Baso Liben district, Northwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Biniyam Taye Alamrew , Tibebu Kassawmar , Likinaw Mengstie , Muralitharan Jothimani","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In mountainous places, landslides pose severe environmental threats, weakening infrastructure, resulting in death and costing the economy. This article assesses landslide susceptibility and risk in the Baso Liben district of Northwestern Ethiopia using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Frequency Ratio (FR). Eleven key environmental and geological components— height, slope, lithology, soil type, and land use—were studied. After field research and Google Earth photos, 342 landslide incidents were collated and separated into validation (30%) and training (70%) datasets. ROC curves provide a technique for analyzing the efficacy of the FR and AHP models. With an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 83.4%, the AHP model exhibited superior accuracy than the FR model, with an AUC value of 74.4%. Very low, low, moderate, high, and very high vulnerability are five categories defined as landslide hazard zones. The AHP model assessed 10.5% of the area as very high risk, 19.8% as high danger, 25.6% as moderate risk, 28% as medium risk, and 16.1% as very low risk. The FR model meanwhile assessed 10.16% of the area as very high risk, 21.3% as high risk, 28.9% as moderate risk, 22.5% as low risk, and 17.04% as very low risk. The results reveal that slope angle, lithology, and elevation are key factors impacting landslide vulnerability. These findings equip a practical framework for land-use planning and disaster risk reduction, providing decision-makers with appropriate instruments to help lessen landslide hazards. The research underscores the significance of combining objective data analysis with expert knowledge to enhance the accuracy and reliability of landslide susceptibility models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100248
Jürgen Richter , Karin Kindermann , Ralf Vogelsang , Felix Henselowsky
On the one hand, genetic observations suggest one essential migration of anatomically modern humans (AMH) from Africa to Eurasia had taken place around 70-50 ka BP and led to the dispersal of AMH all over the world (Out-of-Africa-II model). On the other hand, given the initial phase of the migration would have been located in East and Northeast Africa, archaeological patterning of cultural traits can, so far, neither support nor contradict such a model within the supposed area of migration, and at the time concerned hereby. This paper addresses the obvious invisibility of the migration in the archaeological record and the reasons for it. We propose the summer/winter rainfall frontier to have caused phases of isolation between East and Northeast Africa, impeding cultural exchange between these areas, either resulting from acculturation or migration. We exclude large scale events of dispersal, only small-scale movements of populations to be admitted. This might explain the lack of archaeological visibility of the migration event.
{"title":"Cultural rhythms and pulses on MIS 5-3 migration episodes of Homo sapiens dispersal in Northeast Africa","authors":"Jürgen Richter , Karin Kindermann , Ralf Vogelsang , Felix Henselowsky","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On the one hand, genetic observations suggest one essential migration of anatomically modern humans (AMH) from Africa to Eurasia had taken place around 70-50 ka BP and led to the dispersal of AMH all over the world (Out-of-Africa-II model). On the other hand, given the initial phase of the migration would have been located in East and Northeast Africa, archaeological patterning of cultural traits can, so far, neither support nor contradict such a model within the supposed area of migration, and at the time concerned hereby. This paper addresses the obvious invisibility of the migration in the archaeological record and the reasons for it. We propose the summer/winter rainfall frontier to have caused phases of isolation between East and Northeast Africa, impeding cultural exchange between these areas, either resulting from acculturation or migration. We exclude large scale events of dispersal, only small-scale movements of populations to be admitted. This might explain the lack of archaeological visibility of the migration event.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100243
Corey A. O'Driscoll , Alex Mackay
Lithic technological organisation within the southern Africa Early Middle Stone Age (∼315,000–80,000 years ago) has seen relatively little investigation owing to the subtly of technological change, frequent use of locally derived raw materials, and the archaeological spatio-temporal discontinuity. This has resulted in relatively limited use of explanatory models for technological variability, including mobility, provisioning, tool production, and core reduction strategies. This paper uses 2952 artefacts to test the lithic technological organisation across Marine Isotope Stage 5 units of Mertenhof Rockshelter. Here we argue that the scales and concepts currently used to approach Early Middle Stone Age technology requires reconsideration. The Mertenhof sequence exhibits high proportions of non-local raw materials with their transport reflective of tactical adjustments within relatively stable mobility, provisioning, and reduction strategies. We demonstrate that Early Middle Stone Age populations maintained a diverse array of tactical solutions across these strategic domains, offering a durable and flexible strategy that would be adapted to changing contexts.
{"title":"Middle Stone Age technological organisation from MIS 5 at Mertenhof Rockshelter, South Africa","authors":"Corey A. O'Driscoll , Alex Mackay","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithic technological organisation within the southern Africa Early Middle Stone Age (∼315,000–80,000 years ago) has seen relatively little investigation owing to the subtly of technological change, frequent use of locally derived raw materials, and the archaeological spatio-temporal discontinuity. This has resulted in relatively limited use of explanatory models for technological variability, including mobility, provisioning, tool production, and core reduction strategies. This paper uses 2952 artefacts to test the lithic technological organisation across Marine Isotope Stage 5 units of Mertenhof Rockshelter. Here we argue that the scales and concepts currently used to approach Early Middle Stone Age technology requires reconsideration. The Mertenhof sequence exhibits high proportions of non-local raw materials with their transport reflective of tactical adjustments within relatively stable mobility, provisioning, and reduction strategies. We demonstrate that Early Middle Stone Age populations maintained a diverse array of tactical solutions across these strategic domains, offering a durable and flexible strategy that would be adapted to changing contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100245
Karen da Silva Lopes , Luiza Santos Reis , Prafulla Kumar Sahoo , Markus Gastauer , Renato Oliveira da Silva Júnior , Adayana Maria Queiroz de Melo , Alessandro Sabá Leite , Gabriel Negreiro Salomão , Luiza Araújo Romeiro , Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues , Edilson Freitas da Silva , Mariana Maha Jana Costa Figueiredo , José Tasso Felix Guimarães
This study investigates the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in Serra Leste, a highly endangered southeastern Amazonian ecotone, with a focus on the lake-filling process, climate changes, and potential consequences to forest and savanna dynamics. The lake's development began at approximately 14000 cal yr BP, resulting from the collapse of the fractured lateritic crust. Sedimentation patterns and geochemical, palynological and micro-charcoal proxies reveal shifts in detrital input and redox conditions, forest/savanna areas, and local and regional fire events, indicating a highly dynamic environmental history. The evolution of the lake is characterized by initial deltaic lobe deposition and forest dominance, followed in the Middle Holocene by sedimentary gaps or reduced detrital input; woody vegetation dominance, with a notable shift toward a more open landscape; and savanna and semideciduous dry forest, accompanied by a decrease in ombrophilous forests. A resurgence in arboreal elements recorded in the Late Holocene indicates an expansion of ombrophilous forests under wetter climate conditions and the establishment of a more continuous forest matrix, with the presence of likely “hyperdominant” taxa. Frequent local fire events and the occurrence of temporarily correlated archeological sites in the Serra Leste region suggest the influence of ancient indigenous communities on vegetation changes during the Late Holocene.
{"title":"Historical vegetation shifts in southeastern Amazonia: Unraveling ecotone dynamics in the Carajás region over the last ∼14000 cal yr BP","authors":"Karen da Silva Lopes , Luiza Santos Reis , Prafulla Kumar Sahoo , Markus Gastauer , Renato Oliveira da Silva Júnior , Adayana Maria Queiroz de Melo , Alessandro Sabá Leite , Gabriel Negreiro Salomão , Luiza Araújo Romeiro , Tarcísio Magevski Rodrigues , Edilson Freitas da Silva , Mariana Maha Jana Costa Figueiredo , José Tasso Felix Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in Serra Leste, a highly endangered southeastern Amazonian ecotone, with a focus on the lake-filling process, climate changes, and potential consequences to forest and savanna dynamics. The lake's development began at approximately 14000 cal yr BP, resulting from the collapse of the fractured lateritic crust. Sedimentation patterns and geochemical, palynological and micro-charcoal proxies reveal shifts in detrital input and redox conditions, forest/savanna areas, and local and regional fire events, indicating a highly dynamic environmental history. The evolution of the lake is characterized by initial deltaic lobe deposition and forest dominance, followed in the Middle Holocene by sedimentary gaps or reduced detrital input; woody vegetation dominance, with a notable shift toward a more open landscape; and savanna and semideciduous dry forest, accompanied by a decrease in ombrophilous forests. A resurgence in arboreal elements recorded in the Late Holocene indicates an expansion of ombrophilous forests under wetter climate conditions and the establishment of a more continuous forest matrix, with the presence of likely “hyperdominant” taxa. Frequent local fire events and the occurrence of temporarily correlated archeological sites in the Serra Leste region suggest the influence of ancient indigenous communities on vegetation changes during the Late Holocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100246
Engdaw Gulbet, Belete Getahun
A landslide is a serious geo-environmental problem that results in the death of life and the devastation of infrastructure, properties, and agricultural lands. This research aimed to identify landslide susceptibility zones in selected Kebels of Awabel Woreda, central Ethiopia. Frequency ratio (FR) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods were used. 175 landslide inventory data collected from Google Earth and field data were collected for testing and training data sets. Using the analytical hierarchy process, all the thematic layers (stream distance, slope, aspect, rainfall, lineament density, elevation, lithology, soil, land use/land cover, and curvature) were reclassified and weighted based on their relative contribution to landslide occurrence with the help of experts’ knowledge. The results show that 11.85% and 20.52 % of the study fall under the very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while the low susceptible zones cover 26.3% and 14.74% of the area. The landslide susceptibility zone identified by the frequency ratio model shows that (6.09%) and (16.9%) of the area covered very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while 30.4% and 23.4% of the area covered low and very susceptible zones, respectively. The predicted landslide-susceptible areas were validated using existing landslide points with the help of the ROC tool in ArcGIS. Area under the curve (AUC) results were 84.5% for the AHP model and 73% for the frequency ratio model. The find of this study will provide an input for decision makers and land use planners in the future.
{"title":"Landslide susceptibility mapping using frequency ratio and analytical hierarchy process method in Awabel Woreda, Ethiopia","authors":"Engdaw Gulbet, Belete Getahun","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A landslide is a serious geo-environmental problem that results in the death of life and the devastation of infrastructure, properties, and agricultural lands. This research aimed to identify landslide susceptibility zones in selected Kebels of Awabel Woreda, central Ethiopia. Frequency ratio (FR) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods were used. 175 landslide inventory data collected from Google Earth and field data were collected for testing and training data sets. Using the analytical hierarchy process, all the thematic layers (stream distance, slope, aspect, rainfall, lineament density, elevation, lithology, soil, land use/land cover, and curvature) were reclassified and weighted based on their relative contribution to landslide occurrence with the help of experts’ knowledge. The results show that 11.85% and 20.52 % of the study fall under the very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while the low susceptible zones cover 26.3% and 14.74% of the area. The landslide susceptibility zone identified by the frequency ratio model shows that (6.09%) and (16.9%) of the area covered very high and high susceptible zones, respectively, while 30.4% and 23.4% of the area covered low and very susceptible zones, respectively. The predicted landslide-susceptible areas were validated using existing landslide points with the help of the ROC tool in ArcGIS. Area under the curve (AUC) results were 84.5% for the AHP model and 73% for the frequency ratio model. The find of this study will provide an input for decision makers and land use planners in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100244
Md Bazlar Rashid , Md Ahosan Habib , Md Sultan-Ul-Islam , Rahat Khan , Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
This systematic review attempts to delineate a synthesis of the main drainage characteristics of the Bengal basin through the study of historical data, old maps, reports, records, satellite images, water and sediment discharge, etc. In doing so, especial emphasize is given on the changing scenery of the river courses (paleo-present), sediment supply and water resources as well as downstream impact on socio-economy and valuable landforms (e.g., agricultural, settlement, urban, sub-urban, municipality, industry, forest, etc.). Nevertheless, impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem, water discharge and suspended sediment transport to deltas, eco-environment, human-life etcetera were also considered in evaluating the drainage characteristics. With continuing earlier custom, till now, human lives, valuable landforms and national economy have continuously been negatively affected by the rapid and frequently changing flow path of the largest rivers (Padma, Jamuna, Meghna) with the consequential river bank erosion. Furthermore, the polders, embankments, river training, and upstream barrages/dams lead to cause and enhance undesired channel siltation, land subsidence, severe erosion, sudden catastrophic floods, water logging, salinity, etc., and also hinder sediment transportation/delivery and water discharge to the basin. Finally, it has a huge impact on the basin's human-life, landforms, biodiversity, ecosystem, eco-environment, etc.
{"title":"Synthesis of drainage characteristics, water resources and sediment supply of the Bengal basin","authors":"Md Bazlar Rashid , Md Ahosan Habib , Md Sultan-Ul-Islam , Rahat Khan , Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review attempts to delineate a synthesis of the main drainage characteristics of the Bengal basin through the study of historical data, old maps, reports, records, satellite images, water and sediment discharge, etc. In doing so, especial emphasize is given on the changing scenery of the river courses (paleo-present), sediment supply and water resources as well as downstream impact on socio-economy and valuable landforms (e.g., agricultural, settlement, urban, sub-urban, municipality, industry, forest, etc.). Nevertheless, impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem, water discharge and suspended sediment transport to deltas, eco-environment, human-life etcetera were also considered in evaluating the drainage characteristics. With continuing earlier custom, till now, human lives, valuable landforms and national economy have continuously been negatively affected by the rapid and frequently changing flow path of the largest rivers (Padma, Jamuna, Meghna) with the consequential river bank erosion. Furthermore, the polders, embankments, river training, and upstream barrages/dams lead to cause and enhance undesired channel siltation, land subsidence, severe erosion, sudden catastrophic floods, water logging, salinity, etc., and also hinder sediment transportation/delivery and water discharge to the basin. Finally, it has a huge impact on the basin's human-life, landforms, biodiversity, ecosystem, eco-environment, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100247
Amanuel Beyin
The paper examines recently reported Acheulean and Middle Stone Age archaeological occurrences in near-coastal plains on the western periphery of the Red Sea (Sudanese coast) with the aim of illuminating the role of the region in hominin survival, and possibly as an out-of-Africa dispersal conduit. Using a Viewshed analysis in ArcGIS, the study sought to assess the extent to which the seashore may have been visible from the archaeology-bearing localities during conditions similar to the present or those more humid interglacial phases than today. The purpose of the Viewshed analysis is to gauge the range of habitat-options hominins had on the western periphery of the Red Sea. The result demonstrates that the seashore would have been visible from most of the archaeological sites. Thus, it is reasonable to surmise that the coastal margin may have remained an integral part of the space exploited by the hominins that inhabited the nearby inland plains. However, the observation cannot be regarded as attesting all the areas deemed visible were necessarily exploited by hominins. Overall, the archaeological evidence from the study area broadens our understanding of the range of environments hominins occupied in Africa prior to and during their expansion to Eurasia. A proximate goal of the paper is to drive archaeological research attention to near-coastal landscapes, as such places may provide a potent vantage point to assess hominin engagement with the seashore. I conclude with an appeal to the paleoanthropological community to expand field-centered research to the vast understudied regions of Africa so as to capture hominin experiences across diverse ecosystems of the continent. Only then will we be able to discern hominin biogeographic range at different periods and theorize about the ecological drivers of our species' success.
{"title":"Living by the land, gazing at the sea: Hominin occupation of near-coastal landscapes on the western periphery of the Red Sea","authors":"Amanuel Beyin","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper examines recently reported Acheulean and Middle Stone Age archaeological occurrences in near-coastal plains on the western periphery of the Red Sea (Sudanese coast) with the aim of illuminating the role of the region in hominin survival, and possibly as an out-of-Africa dispersal conduit. Using a Viewshed analysis in ArcGIS, the study sought to assess the extent to which the seashore may have been visible from the archaeology-bearing localities during conditions similar to the present or those more humid interglacial phases than today. The purpose of the Viewshed analysis is to gauge the range of habitat-options hominins had on the western periphery of the Red Sea. The result demonstrates that the seashore would have been visible from most of the archaeological sites. Thus, it is reasonable to surmise that the coastal margin may have remained an integral part of the space exploited by the hominins that inhabited the nearby inland plains. However, the observation cannot be regarded as attesting all the areas deemed visible were necessarily exploited by hominins. Overall, the archaeological evidence from the study area broadens our understanding of the range of environments hominins occupied in Africa prior to and during their expansion to Eurasia. A proximate goal of the paper is to drive archaeological research attention to near-coastal landscapes, as such places may provide a potent vantage point to assess hominin engagement with the seashore. I conclude with an appeal to the paleoanthropological community to expand field-centered research to the vast understudied regions of Africa so as to capture hominin experiences across diverse ecosystems of the continent. Only then will we be able to discern hominin biogeographic range at different periods and theorize about the ecological drivers of our species' success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sedimentological analysis of glaciolacustrine deposit in the French Alps provides an opportunity to elucidate poorly understood glacier fluctuations during the Lateglacial Interstadial. This study focuses on two proglacial lacustrine basins in the Maurienne Valley, Le Verney and Lanslebourg, recording sediment deposition during the Lateglacial. Sedimentological and soft sediment deformation analyses were conducted on these glaciolacustrine sedimentary deposits to constrain the dynamic of the Arc glacier. At Le Verney, the sedimentary succession records the deposition of a proglacial subaquatic fan under supercritical conditions, transitioning to a Gilbert delta-type sedimentation, indicating glacier retreat. Fluid overpressure, shear deformations, and compressional stresses found within Gilbert delta-type sediment marks a subsequent glacier advance. In the Lanslebourg basin, sedimentary deposits display supercritical and subcritical conditions, separated by deposition under a hydraulic jump characteristic of ice contact delta. In this area, glacier advance is recorded by a more proximal condition toward the top of the sedimentary succession, along with a transition to a subglacial condition. These findings reveal glacier advances during the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial, providing the first evidence of glacier re-advances in the French northern Alps during this warming period. This result highlights the complex interactions between local climate, glacier dynamics, and topography.
{"title":"New evidence of glacier advances during Lateglacial Interstadial deciphered from facies evolution in proglacial lacustrine basins of the Maurienne Valley, French Alps","authors":"Thibault Roattino , Jean-François Buoncristiani , Christian Crouzet , Riccardo Vassallo","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sedimentological analysis of glaciolacustrine deposit in the French Alps provides an opportunity to elucidate poorly understood glacier fluctuations during the Lateglacial Interstadial. This study focuses on two proglacial lacustrine basins in the Maurienne Valley, Le Verney and Lanslebourg, recording sediment deposition during the Lateglacial. Sedimentological and soft sediment deformation analyses were conducted on these glaciolacustrine sedimentary deposits to constrain the dynamic of the Arc glacier. At Le Verney, the sedimentary succession records the deposition of a proglacial subaquatic fan under supercritical conditions, transitioning to a Gilbert delta-type sedimentation, indicating glacier retreat. Fluid overpressure, shear deformations, and compressional stresses found within Gilbert delta-type sediment marks a subsequent glacier advance. In the Lanslebourg basin, sedimentary deposits display supercritical and subcritical conditions, separated by deposition under a hydraulic jump characteristic of ice contact delta. In this area, glacier advance is recorded by a more proximal condition toward the top of the sedimentary succession, along with a transition to a subglacial condition. These findings reveal glacier advances during the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial, providing the first evidence of glacier re-advances in the French northern Alps during this warming period. This result highlights the complex interactions between local climate, glacier dynamics, and topography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033424000807/pdfft?md5=febad1f5ab88cdd9ccd75bae0aa7e038&pid=1-s2.0-S2666033424000807-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号