Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100292
Ciara Wanket , Samuel Kodama , Jonas Oppenheimer , Scott Cocker , Emma Steigerwald , Duane Froese , Beth Shapiro , Tamara Pico , Jesse Farmer
The Bering Land Bridge was an important biotic corridor and climatic modifier during the Pleistocene (2.58 million to 11,700 thousand years ago [ka]). Understanding when the land bridge was most recently exposed reveals insights into past climate, the modern distribution of plants and animals, and potential human migration into the Americas. While the timing of the most recent flooding of the land bridge has been constrained to during the last deglaciation, the timing of its most recent exposure before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 26.5–19 ka) is less clear. Here, we combine data from three disciplines— paleoceanography, sea level reconstruction, and terrestrial paleogenomics—to constrain the most recent exposure of the Bering Land Bridge to shortly before the LGM, 30–40 kyr later than previously suggested by comparisons of eustatic sea level reconstructions with the modern Bering Strait Sill depth. These results have implications for understanding the timing and nature of human arrival in the Americas and highlight the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration across paleoclimatology and paleoecology for refining Pleistocene environmental history.
{"title":"Converging evidence constrains late pleistocene bering land bridge history","authors":"Ciara Wanket , Samuel Kodama , Jonas Oppenheimer , Scott Cocker , Emma Steigerwald , Duane Froese , Beth Shapiro , Tamara Pico , Jesse Farmer","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Bering Land Bridge was an important biotic corridor and climatic modifier during the Pleistocene (2.58 million to 11,700 thousand years ago [ka]). Understanding when the land bridge was most recently exposed reveals insights into past climate, the modern distribution of plants and animals, and potential human migration into the Americas. While the timing of the most recent flooding of the land bridge has been constrained to during the last deglaciation, the timing of its most recent exposure before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 26.5–19 ka) is less clear. Here, we combine data from three disciplines— paleoceanography, sea level reconstruction, and terrestrial paleogenomics—to constrain the most recent exposure of the Bering Land Bridge to shortly before the LGM, 30–40 kyr later than previously suggested by comparisons of eustatic sea level reconstructions with the modern Bering Strait Sill depth. These results have implications for understanding the timing and nature of human arrival in the Americas and highlight the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration across paleoclimatology and paleoecology for refining Pleistocene environmental history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100298
Yifan Shu , Kaiheng Hu , Qiyuan Zhang , Shuang Liu , Bo Zhao , Pu Li , Xiaopeng Zhang , Hao Li
In tectonically active mountainous regions, large-scale landslide damming events have profound impacts on long-term fluvial landforms, such as river diversion and formation of epigenetic gorges. Here, we investigate morphometric and sedimentological evidence of an ancient large-scale landslide in the Kyirong River basin located in the central Himalayas. The ancient Kyirong landslide completely blocked the river, causing overtopping at the lowermost part of the dam crest. The river then progressively incised through the landslide deposits and the underlying bedrock, carving out the ∼300-m-deep Kyephu Gorge within the original bedrock valley walls. Unlike the conventional formation of epigenetic gorges, the new river channel of the Kyirong River is located closer to the landslide wall compared to the original channel.This unique formation model is the result of the combined effects of the landslide movement process and the distinctive topography. Through remote sensing image interpretation, field surveys, sediment layer analysis, and geomorphological parameter calculations, this study reconstructs the motion process of the Kyirong landslide and its subsequent effects on the river system. The Kyirong landslide is identified as a late Quaternary event, corresponding to a river incision rate of over 14.2 mm/year. The landslide event has caused significant changes in local geomorphological features, reshaping the evolution of the river. This study provides a specific case, demonstrating that in tectonically active regions, landslide events play a direct role in controlling the evolution of river landforms.
{"title":"Formation of an epigenetic gorge following a giant landslide damming in Kyirong River of the central Himalayas","authors":"Yifan Shu , Kaiheng Hu , Qiyuan Zhang , Shuang Liu , Bo Zhao , Pu Li , Xiaopeng Zhang , Hao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In tectonically active mountainous regions, large-scale landslide damming events have profound impacts on long-term fluvial landforms, such as river diversion and formation of epigenetic gorges. Here, we investigate morphometric and sedimentological evidence of an ancient large-scale landslide in the Kyirong River basin located in the central Himalayas. The ancient Kyirong landslide completely blocked the river, causing overtopping at the lowermost part of the dam crest. The river then progressively incised through the landslide deposits and the underlying bedrock, carving out the ∼300-m-deep Kyephu Gorge within the original bedrock valley walls. Unlike the conventional formation of epigenetic gorges, the new river channel of the Kyirong River is located closer to the landslide wall compared to the original channel.This unique formation model is the result of the combined effects of the landslide movement process and the distinctive topography. Through remote sensing image interpretation, field surveys, sediment layer analysis, and geomorphological parameter calculations, this study reconstructs the motion process of the Kyirong landslide and its subsequent effects on the river system. The Kyirong landslide is identified as a late Quaternary event, corresponding to a river incision rate of over 14.2 mm/year. The landslide event has caused significant changes in local geomorphological features, reshaping the evolution of the river. This study provides a specific case, demonstrating that in tectonically active regions, landslide events play a direct role in controlling the evolution of river landforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100296
Sumaiya Aktar , Mohidar Hossain , Md. Mahmudul Hasan Rakib , Shacin Chandra Saha , Mehedi Hasan Ovi , Dipraj Roy , Arabe Khan , Irteja Hasan , Md Abdullah Salman , Rahat Khan , Muhammad Risalat Rafiq , Dhiman Kumer Roy
The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) Delta represents a major riverine system with limited data availability. This study investigates the morphodynamic behavior of the delta and estuary from 1990 to 2021 by analyzing time-series satellite imagery and comprehensive literature to identify key events and driving factors. The aims of this study are to better understand the geomorphological processes that influence the GBM delta system, identify the physical factors contributing to its formation and, predict future challenges for sustainable development in delta areas. Climatological data (temperature and rainfall) from NASA revealed a rising trend in average annual temperature and fluctuating rainfall patterns across five sites in GBM river system: Sirajganj, Tangail, Rajbari, Chandpur, and Bhola. Cyclone track data were analyzed, and GIS mapping of cyclone intensity and trajectories in the GBM delta was conducted to predict future sustainability challenges. Multi-temporal Landsat imagery from USGS Earth Explorer was analyzed using ArcGIS 10.8 to assess riverbank erosion and accretion. Erosion, accretion, and stable land areas varied across five sites of GBM delta from 1990 to 2020. Sirajgonj and Tangail show major land gains until 2010, followed by severe erosion in 2010–2020, with net losses of −404.33 km2 and -497.69 km2, respectively. Rajbari gained (+234.66 km2) land in 2000–2010 but saw a reversal with a −143.75 km2 loss in the next decade. Chandpur had consistent gains until 2010 but a slight loss (−11.8 km2) afterward. Bhola remained the most stable, maintaining continuous net gains, peaking at +76.83 km2 in 2010–2020. NDVI, NDWI, and NDSI data reveals a river-wise gradient. NDVI peaks along the Brahmaputra/Jamuna and Ganges/Padma floodplains and declines toward the Meghna estuary. NDWI delineates persistent surface water, while NDSI shows seaward-intensifying salinity toward the Meghna, indicating elevated coastal vulnerability.These findings serve as a guideline to clarify cause-and-effect relationships in global climate change and anticipate future challenges to the sustainable development of the delta.
{"title":"Geomorphological responses to climate change in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta: A multi-decadal remote sensing analysis","authors":"Sumaiya Aktar , Mohidar Hossain , Md. Mahmudul Hasan Rakib , Shacin Chandra Saha , Mehedi Hasan Ovi , Dipraj Roy , Arabe Khan , Irteja Hasan , Md Abdullah Salman , Rahat Khan , Muhammad Risalat Rafiq , Dhiman Kumer Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) Delta represents a major riverine system with limited data availability. This study investigates the morphodynamic behavior of the delta and estuary from 1990 to 2021 by analyzing time-series satellite imagery and comprehensive literature to identify key events and driving factors. The aims of this study are to better understand the geomorphological processes that influence the GBM delta system, identify the physical factors contributing to its formation and, predict future challenges for sustainable development in delta areas. Climatological data (temperature and rainfall) from NASA revealed a rising trend in average annual temperature and fluctuating rainfall patterns across five sites in GBM river system: Sirajganj, Tangail, Rajbari, Chandpur, and Bhola. Cyclone track data were analyzed, and GIS mapping of cyclone intensity and trajectories in the GBM delta was conducted to predict future sustainability challenges. Multi-temporal Landsat imagery from USGS Earth Explorer was analyzed using ArcGIS 10.8 to assess riverbank erosion and accretion. Erosion, accretion, and stable land areas varied across five sites of GBM delta from 1990 to 2020. Sirajgonj and Tangail show major land gains until 2010, followed by severe erosion in 2010–2020, with net losses of −404.33 km<sup>2</sup> and -497.69 km<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Rajbari gained (+234.66 km<sup>2</sup>) land in 2000–2010 but saw a reversal with a −143.75 km<sup>2</sup> loss in the next decade. Chandpur had consistent gains until 2010 but a slight loss (−11.8 km<sup>2</sup>) afterward. Bhola remained the most stable, maintaining continuous net gains, peaking at +76.83 km<sup>2</sup> in 2010–2020. NDVI, NDWI, and NDSI data reveals a river-wise gradient. NDVI peaks along the Brahmaputra/Jamuna and Ganges/Padma floodplains and declines toward the Meghna estuary. NDWI delineates persistent surface water, while NDSI shows seaward-intensifying salinity toward the Meghna, indicating elevated coastal vulnerability.These findings serve as a guideline to clarify cause-and-effect relationships in global climate change and anticipate future challenges to the sustainable development of the delta.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100293
José S. Carrión , Yolanda Carrión-Marco , Carmen M. Martínez-Varea , Juan Ochando , Cristina Real-Margalef , Manuel Munuera , Gloria Martínez-Sagarra , Gabriela Amorós , Aldara Girona , Diego Angelucci , Jacopo Armellini , Noelia Sánchez-Martínez , Dídac Román , Ignacio Martín-Lerma
This article presents new data from Cueva del Arco and offers a comprehensive perspective on the palaeoenvironments inhabited by Neanderthals and Homo sapiens in the interior of Murcia, southeastern Spain, during the Mousterian and Gravettian periods. We focus on the ecological structure and floristic composition of prehistoric landscapes, drawing on pollen records from coprolites and cave sediments, as well as charcoal and plant macroremains, particularly seeds. Vertebrate assemblages are discussed through taphonomic and paleoecological lenses. Our results show that the landscapes surrounding Cueva del Arco during MIS 3 underwent only limited changes despite climatic fluctuations, likely buffered by nearby glacial strongholds, such as immediate riverine hydrorefugia and biodiversity reservoirs in the Segura-Cazorla-Alcaraz Mountains. We highlight the coexistence of plant species with currently disparate bioclimatic affinities, suggesting a compression of vegetation belts. Locally, under the edaphic influence of lithosols overlying karstic bedrock, the landscape remained open, with scattered trees or small groves on deeper soils. Notably, Cupressaceae were a dominant feature of the local vegetation and constituted a critical resource for firewood, supporting human adaptation to the environment. In this resilient and ecologically diverse setting, Paleolithic populations had access to a wide variety of plant and animal resources essential for their survival.
本文介绍了来自Cueva del Arco的新数据，并提供了一个全面的视角来研究在Mousterian和Gravettian时期，尼安德特人和智人在西班牙东南部穆尔西亚内陆居住的古环境。我们关注史前景观的生态结构和植物区系组成，利用粪化石和洞穴沉积物中的花粉记录，以及木炭和植物大残骸，特别是种子。从埋藏学和古生态学的角度来讨论脊椎动物的组合。我们的研究结果表明，尽管气候波动，在MIS 3期间，Cueva del Arco周围的景观只发生了有限的变化，可能受到附近冰川要塞的缓冲，例如塞古拉-卡索拉-阿尔卡拉斯山脉的直接河流水文避难所和生物多样性水库。我们强调了目前不同生物气候亲缘性的植物物种共存，表明植被带的压缩。局部地区，在岩溶基岩上的岩石层的影响下，景观保持开阔，在较深的土壤上散布着树木或小树林。值得注意的是，柏科是当地植被的主要特征，也是重要的柴火资源，支持人类适应环境。在这种具有弹性和生态多样性的环境中，旧石器时代的人们可以获得各种各样的动植物资源，这些资源对他们的生存至关重要。
{"title":"Cueva del Arco: Paleoecological insights into Paleolithic landscapes","authors":"José S. Carrión , Yolanda Carrión-Marco , Carmen M. Martínez-Varea , Juan Ochando , Cristina Real-Margalef , Manuel Munuera , Gloria Martínez-Sagarra , Gabriela Amorós , Aldara Girona , Diego Angelucci , Jacopo Armellini , Noelia Sánchez-Martínez , Dídac Román , Ignacio Martín-Lerma","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents new data from Cueva del Arco and offers a comprehensive perspective on the palaeoenvironments inhabited by Neanderthals and <em>Homo sapiens</em> in the interior of Murcia, southeastern Spain, during the Mousterian and Gravettian periods. We focus on the ecological structure and floristic composition of prehistoric landscapes, drawing on pollen records from coprolites and cave sediments, as well as charcoal and plant macroremains, particularly seeds. Vertebrate assemblages are discussed through taphonomic and paleoecological lenses. Our results show that the landscapes surrounding Cueva del Arco during MIS 3 underwent only limited changes despite climatic fluctuations, likely buffered by nearby glacial strongholds, such as immediate riverine hydrorefugia and biodiversity reservoirs in the Segura-Cazorla-Alcaraz Mountains. We highlight the coexistence of plant species with currently disparate bioclimatic affinities, suggesting a compression of vegetation belts. Locally, under the edaphic influence of lithosols overlying karstic bedrock, the landscape remained open, with scattered trees or small groves on deeper soils. Notably, Cupressaceae were a dominant feature of the local vegetation and constituted a critical resource for firewood, supporting human adaptation to the environment. In this resilient and ecologically diverse setting, Paleolithic populations had access to a wide variety of plant and animal resources essential for their survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-14DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100285
Karina Ferreira Chueng , Maria Virginia Alves Martins , Heloisa Helena Gomes Coe , José Antonio Baptista Neto , Arthur Ayres Neto , Egberto Pereira , Denise Lara Terroso , Rubens Figueira , Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira , Caroline Adolphsson do Nascimento , Amanda Pacheco , Luzia Antolioli , Rodolfo Dino , Renata Cardia Rebouças , Josefa Varela Guerra , Antonio Tadeu dos Reis , João Wagner Alencar Castro , Fernando Rocha
The study of the record of paleoclimatic oscillations in coastal areas is crucial because it helps us understand past climate changes, how they impacted these vulnerable regions, and draw lessons about what might happen in the future. This study presents the first application of phytolith analysis in a multiproxy paleoenvironmental reconstruction in a coastal marine area in Brazil. It investigates the natural and anthropogenic influences on the evolution of Guanabara Bay (GB), one of the most urbanized regions in Southeastern Brazil. To achieve this, grain size, geochemical, mineralogical, and phytolith data were analyzed on a short piston core. The analysis revealed changes in the continental input of lithogenic materials and variations in the quantity and type of organic matter, linked to alterations in vegetation and sediment supply from the rivers over the last ∼2500 years. The general marine regression may have favored the sediment transfer from the rivers to GB, while the low hydrodynamic regime contributed to the accumulation and preservation of the sedimentary record. Sedimentological changes related to shifts in rainfall patterns and the degree of mineral weathering were observed. Three main phases of dryness have been identified. The earliest was recorded between ∼415 and 50 BC, during the Late Holocene Dry Period (or the Late Holocene Neoglacial Anomaly); the second one was registered between ∼800 and 1300 AD, during the Medieval Climate Anomaly; and the third one happened ∼ between 1550 and 1900 yrs AD, during the Little Ice Age (LIA). These three dryness events have been caused by shifts in the oceanic Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ). Although phytolith analysis has been conducted in a few marine environments, no previous studies have been conducted in Guanabara Bay or Brazilian marine systems. The multiproxy analysis, including phytoliths, enabled the identification of changes in primary vegetation types, changes in rainfall and sediment supply and anthropogenic impacts in Guanabara Bay.
{"title":"Changes in the sedimentary record related to climate oscillations over the last ∼2500 years BP in Guanabara bay (SE Brazil): phytolith records","authors":"Karina Ferreira Chueng , Maria Virginia Alves Martins , Heloisa Helena Gomes Coe , José Antonio Baptista Neto , Arthur Ayres Neto , Egberto Pereira , Denise Lara Terroso , Rubens Figueira , Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira , Caroline Adolphsson do Nascimento , Amanda Pacheco , Luzia Antolioli , Rodolfo Dino , Renata Cardia Rebouças , Josefa Varela Guerra , Antonio Tadeu dos Reis , João Wagner Alencar Castro , Fernando Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of the record of paleoclimatic oscillations in coastal areas is crucial because it helps us understand past climate changes, how they impacted these vulnerable regions, and draw lessons about what might happen in the future. This study presents the first application of phytolith analysis in a multiproxy paleoenvironmental reconstruction in a coastal marine area in Brazil. It investigates the natural and anthropogenic influences on the evolution of Guanabara Bay (GB), one of the most urbanized regions in Southeastern Brazil. To achieve this, grain size, geochemical, mineralogical, and phytolith data were analyzed on a short piston core. The analysis revealed changes in the continental input of lithogenic materials and variations in the quantity and type of organic matter, linked to alterations in vegetation and sediment supply from the rivers over the last ∼2500 years. The general marine regression may have favored the sediment transfer from the rivers to GB, while the low hydrodynamic regime contributed to the accumulation and preservation of the sedimentary record. Sedimentological changes related to shifts in rainfall patterns and the degree of mineral weathering were observed. Three main phases of dryness have been identified. The earliest was recorded between ∼415 and 50 BC, during the Late Holocene Dry Period (or the Late Holocene Neoglacial Anomaly); the second one was registered between ∼800 and 1300 AD, during the Medieval Climate Anomaly; and the third one happened ∼ between 1550 and 1900 yrs AD, during the Little Ice Age (LIA). These three dryness events have been caused by shifts in the oceanic Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ). Although phytolith analysis has been conducted in a few marine environments, no previous studies have been conducted in Guanabara Bay or Brazilian marine systems. The multiproxy analysis, including phytoliths, enabled the identification of changes in primary vegetation types, changes in rainfall and sediment supply and anthropogenic impacts in Guanabara Bay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100288
Yaoshen Fan , Guangzhou Wang , Shentang Dou , Chao Jiang , Hongyu Ji , Shenliang Chen , Xiaokang Du , Shoubing Yu , Yan Wu , Shaohua Zhang
Land subsidence in river deltas, particularly in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), represents an urgent environmental concern driven by both human activities and natural factors. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of land subsidence in the YRD region from 2019 to 2022 using multi-temporal InSAR data from Sentinel-1A. Results reveal that the maximum annual subsidence rate in the YRD exceeds 200mm/a, with the primary subsidence area located in the northeastern part of the delta, forming a subsidence funnel of approximately 200 km2 and displaying distinct spatial heterogeneity. Human activities, especially saltwater extraction and oil exploitation, are the main drivers of land subsidence. Areas heavily influenced by human activities show significantly greater subsidence than well-protected ecological zones. The study reveals pronounced seasonal variations in land subsidence across the YRD, with subsidence rates in summer being substantially lower than those in spring, autumn, and winter. By introducing the concept of equivalent precipitation, the research confirms that runoff exerts a regulatory effect on land subsidence, although its impact is considerably weaker than that of precipitation. This study proposes a novel explanatory mechanism: the expansion-contraction properties of surface soil explain how seasonal hydrological conditions influence subsidence patterns. During rainy summers, surface soil absorbs water and expands, partially offsetting subsidence caused by deep extraction. These findings provide valuable insights into the interactions between human activities and natural factors in complex deltaic systems, offering a scientific basis for subsidence monitoring and sustainable resource management in the YRD region.
{"title":"Influence of precipitation and runoff on human-induced land subsidence in the Yellow River Delta","authors":"Yaoshen Fan , Guangzhou Wang , Shentang Dou , Chao Jiang , Hongyu Ji , Shenliang Chen , Xiaokang Du , Shoubing Yu , Yan Wu , Shaohua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land subsidence in river deltas, particularly in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), represents an urgent environmental concern driven by both human activities and natural factors. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of land subsidence in the YRD region from 2019 to 2022 using multi-temporal InSAR data from Sentinel-1A. Results reveal that the maximum annual subsidence rate in the YRD exceeds 200mm/a, with the primary subsidence area located in the northeastern part of the delta, forming a subsidence funnel of approximately 200 km<sup>2</sup> and displaying distinct spatial heterogeneity. Human activities, especially saltwater extraction and oil exploitation, are the main drivers of land subsidence. Areas heavily influenced by human activities show significantly greater subsidence than well-protected ecological zones. The study reveals pronounced seasonal variations in land subsidence across the YRD, with subsidence rates in summer being substantially lower than those in spring, autumn, and winter. By introducing the concept of equivalent precipitation, the research confirms that runoff exerts a regulatory effect on land subsidence, although its impact is considerably weaker than that of precipitation. This study proposes a novel explanatory mechanism: the expansion-contraction properties of surface soil explain how seasonal hydrological conditions influence subsidence patterns. During rainy summers, surface soil absorbs water and expands, partially offsetting subsidence caused by deep extraction. These findings provide valuable insights into the interactions between human activities and natural factors in complex deltaic systems, offering a scientific basis for subsidence monitoring and sustainable resource management in the YRD region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100294
Elpiniki-Maria Parparousi , Leonardo Sorbelli , Marco Cherin , Marzia Breda , Alessandro Blasetti , Marco Peter Ferretti , Darío Fidalgo , Saverio Bartolini-Lucenti , Pierre-Élie Moullé , Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro , Lorenzo Rook , Joan Madurell-Malapeira
Different species of Dama-like deer usually included in the genus Pseudodama, occurred in the European Plio-Pleistocene. In this paper, the medium-sized cervid sample from the Cal Guardiola Section (NE Iberian Peninsula) is described. It exhibits notable similarities with other records referred to Pseudodama vallonnetensis from various late Early Pleistocene European sites, thus confirming the abundance of this taxon in the faunal associations of this period. Here, we review the spatial and temporal distribution of P. vallonnetensis in Europe and, in a broader framework, also the succession of Dama-like deer species during the entire Pleistocene, analyzing variations in body size and possible relationships between these and palaeoenvironmental conditions.
{"title":"Biochronological and paleobiogeographic implications of the Dama-like deer sample from the latest Early Pleistocene of Cal Guardiola (NE Iberia)","authors":"Elpiniki-Maria Parparousi , Leonardo Sorbelli , Marco Cherin , Marzia Breda , Alessandro Blasetti , Marco Peter Ferretti , Darío Fidalgo , Saverio Bartolini-Lucenti , Pierre-Élie Moullé , Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro , Lorenzo Rook , Joan Madurell-Malapeira","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different species of <em>Dama</em>-like deer usually included in the genus <em>Pseudodama</em>, occurred in the European Plio-Pleistocene. In this paper, the medium-sized cervid sample from the Cal Guardiola Section (NE Iberian Peninsula) is described. It exhibits notable similarities with other records referred to <em>Pseudodama vallonnetensis</em> from various late Early Pleistocene European sites, thus confirming the abundance of this taxon in the faunal associations of this period. Here, we review the spatial and temporal distribution of <em>P</em>. <em>vallonnetensis</em> in Europe and, in a broader framework, also the succession of <em>Dama</em>-like deer species during the entire Pleistocene, analyzing variations in body size and possible relationships between these and palaeoenvironmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100286
Ulises Francisco Giraldo Malca , Lilian Netsy Yauri Solano , Sofia Valeria Choroco Carranza , Daniela Geraldine Camacho Alvarez , Fernanda Cryztal Quispe Quispe , Johann Alexis Chávez García , Bryan G. Mark
The loss of mountain glaciers has accelerated in recent decades, linked to global warming, which in Peru alone has caused the loss of more than half of its glaciated area in fifty years. The Cordillera Blanca is the highest and most extensively glacierized tropical mountain range in the world, and glacier-fed streams provide water for hundreds of thousands of people living downstream. Previous inventories and glacier-specific mass balance studies have documented persistent and sustained mass loss. Yet the range-wide resilience of glaciers – the capacity to accumulate annual snowfall to offset area loss – remains an unquantified variable that is important to understand the evolution and climate response of glaciers over time and better project future mass changes for the coming decades. Therefore, we analyze the relationship between the annually clean glacier area and snow cover fluctuations and climate variability throughout the entire glacierized Cordillera Blanca between 1984 and 2023. To this end, we used multispectral Landsat imagery to identify clean glaciers and distinguish accumulation areas by calculating the Normalized Water Differential Index. The results show a 44 % reduction in glacier area, reflected in a decrease from the pre-2013 annual average of 54,469 ha to 42,700 ha in subsequent years. Our results suggest glaciers have passed a significant mass balance threshold, such that since 2012, glaciers have lost their ability to regain mass. We also document a strong inverse correlation of glacier area with the increase in global mean temperature, with the greatest loss occurring during the lasts strong El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases. We conclude that glaciers have become less resilient over the past decade, that the deglaciation of the Cordillera Blanca is primarily driven by increasing average temperatures and that the glaciers with the greatest retreat are those with perimeters proportionally more exposed to other types of surfaces (i.e., bedrock or lakes),.
{"title":"The loss of glacier resilience due to climate change throughout the Cordillera Blanca, Peru between 1984 and 2023","authors":"Ulises Francisco Giraldo Malca , Lilian Netsy Yauri Solano , Sofia Valeria Choroco Carranza , Daniela Geraldine Camacho Alvarez , Fernanda Cryztal Quispe Quispe , Johann Alexis Chávez García , Bryan G. Mark","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The loss of mountain glaciers has accelerated in recent decades, linked to global warming, which in Peru alone has caused the loss of more than half of its glaciated area in fifty years. The Cordillera Blanca is the highest and most extensively glacierized tropical mountain range in the world, and glacier-fed streams provide water for hundreds of thousands of people living downstream. Previous inventories and glacier-specific mass balance studies have documented persistent and sustained mass loss. Yet the range-wide resilience of glaciers – the capacity to accumulate annual snowfall to offset area loss – remains an unquantified variable that is important to understand the evolution and climate response of glaciers over time and better project future mass changes for the coming decades. Therefore, we analyze the relationship between the annually clean glacier area and snow cover fluctuations and climate variability throughout the entire glacierized Cordillera Blanca between 1984 and 2023. To this end, we used multispectral Landsat imagery to identify clean glaciers and distinguish accumulation areas by calculating the Normalized Water Differential Index. The results show a 44 % reduction in glacier area, reflected in a decrease from the pre-2013 annual average of 54,469 ha to 42,700 ha in subsequent years. Our results suggest glaciers have passed a significant mass balance threshold, such that since 2012, glaciers have lost their ability to regain mass. We also document a strong inverse correlation of glacier area with the increase in global mean temperature, with the greatest loss occurring during the lasts strong El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases. We conclude that glaciers have become less resilient over the past decade, that the deglaciation of the Cordillera Blanca is primarily driven by increasing average temperatures and that the glaciers with the greatest retreat are those with perimeters proportionally more exposed to other types of surfaces (i.e., bedrock or lakes),.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-05-08DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100284
Lukas Gegg , Olivier Moine , Philipp Stojakowits , Frank Preusser
The Upper Rhine Graben is a large-scale tectonic basin in central Europe that has accumulated a kilometre-thick sedimentary succession including, in some places, several hundred metres of mostly continuous Quaternary strata. Especially in the central graben part, these strata have hardly been scientifically explored. We introduce a new, 45-m-long drill core record from the vicinity of Offenburg. At its base, it comprises glaciofluvial gravels derived from the Alpine headwaters, which are superseded by aeolian deposits intercalated with locally derived gravels distinct by a different gravel spectrum. Post-infrared infrared-stimulated luminescence dating shows that the entire sequence reaches back beyond 300 ka, and that the glaciofluvial-aeolian transition occurred during the penultimate glaciation at ∼160 ka. By comparison with neighbouring boreholes, we infer repeated normal faulting south of the drill site since roughly the same time, with the resulting topography filled in by locally sourced gravel interbeds. Finally, two layers of fines indicating stagnant palustrine conditions contain interstadial pollen assemblages of the penultimate and last glaciation, and shells of gastropods typical of Pleistocene loess deposits and a glacial palaeoclimate are encountered in the aeolian succession. Thus, this study offers insights into Middle to Late Pleistocene sediment dynamics, neotectonic activity and palaeoenvironments, and highlights the wealth of stratigraphic information that the Upper Rhine Graben preserves.
{"title":"Sediment dynamics, neotectonic activity and palaeoenvironments recorded in the Quaternary infill of the central Upper Rhine Graben","authors":"Lukas Gegg , Olivier Moine , Philipp Stojakowits , Frank Preusser","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Upper Rhine Graben is a large-scale tectonic basin in central Europe that has accumulated a kilometre-thick sedimentary succession including, in some places, several hundred metres of mostly continuous Quaternary strata. Especially in the central graben part, these strata have hardly been scientifically explored. We introduce a new, 45-m-long drill core record from the vicinity of Offenburg. At its base, it comprises glaciofluvial gravels derived from the Alpine headwaters, which are superseded by aeolian deposits intercalated with locally derived gravels distinct by a different gravel spectrum. Post-infrared infrared-stimulated luminescence dating shows that the entire sequence reaches back beyond 300 ka, and that the glaciofluvial-aeolian transition occurred during the penultimate glaciation at ∼160 ka. By comparison with neighbouring boreholes, we infer repeated normal faulting south of the drill site since roughly the same time, with the resulting topography filled in by locally sourced gravel interbeds. Finally, two layers of fines indicating stagnant palustrine conditions contain interstadial pollen assemblages of the penultimate and last glaciation, and shells of gastropods typical of Pleistocene loess deposits and a glacial palaeoclimate are encountered in the aeolian succession. Thus, this study offers insights into Middle to Late Pleistocene sediment dynamics, neotectonic activity and palaeoenvironments, and highlights the wealth of stratigraphic information that the Upper Rhine Graben preserves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100281
Somasundharam Magalingam , Selvakumar Radhakrishnan , Shankar Karuppannan , Edris Alam , Md Kamrul Islam
A reconstruction of paleoflood stages reflects the magnitude and frequency of historic floods. Sediment-filled landforms store centuries-old paleoflood data, allowing examination of past events, though river changes and human activities can obscure these valuable records. Hence, identifying the plausible locale for collecting the sediment core is cumbersome. The present research proposes a methodological approach for precisely identifying the repositories. The Cauvery Delta, the largest sediment deposit on Tamil Nadu's eastern coast, is chosen for the study. The study's methodology is structured into: (1) reconstructing a catalogue of significant flood events using documentary records; (2) mapping fluvial geomorphic landforms using satellite images; (3) spatially correlating the records obtained from documentary sources with landforms, and (4) identifying flood geomorphic landforms (FGL) and demarcating promising prospective locales for future chronological studies. It has been observed that the Cauvery River has experienced recurrent instances of flooding throughout the past 8000 years. The FGL mapped using digitally processed satellite images displayed 17 types of landforms. Subsequently, the FGL are precisely identified by spatially integrating documentary data with landforms. Braided bar, channel bar, lateral bar, channel islands, natural levees, paleochannels, older flood plains, point bars, oxbow lakes, and water bodies are the most promising FGL for paleoflood research.
{"title":"Demarcating paleoflood repositories using documentary evidence and flood geomorphic landforms","authors":"Somasundharam Magalingam , Selvakumar Radhakrishnan , Shankar Karuppannan , Edris Alam , Md Kamrul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A reconstruction of paleoflood stages reflects the magnitude and frequency of historic floods. Sediment-filled landforms store centuries-old paleoflood data, allowing examination of past events, though river changes and human activities can obscure these valuable records. Hence, identifying the plausible locale for collecting the sediment core is cumbersome. The present research proposes a methodological approach for precisely identifying the repositories. The Cauvery Delta, the largest sediment deposit on Tamil Nadu's eastern coast, is chosen for the study. The study's methodology is structured into: (1) reconstructing a catalogue of significant flood events using documentary records; (2) mapping fluvial geomorphic landforms using satellite images; (3) spatially correlating the records obtained from documentary sources with landforms, and (4) identifying flood geomorphic landforms (FGL) and demarcating promising prospective locales for future chronological studies. It has been observed that the Cauvery River has experienced recurrent instances of flooding throughout the past 8000 years. The FGL mapped using digitally processed satellite images displayed 17 types of landforms. Subsequently, the FGL are precisely identified by spatially integrating documentary data with landforms. Braided bar, channel bar, lateral bar, channel islands, natural levees, paleochannels, older flood plains, point bars, oxbow lakes, and water bodies are the most promising FGL for paleoflood research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34142,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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