Quaternary Science Advances最新文献_第4页

Geospatial mapping of groundwater potential zones using multi-criteria decision analysis and GIS fuzzy logic in Dabus Sub-Basin, western Ethiopia 基于多准则决策分析和GIS模糊逻辑的埃塞俄比亚西部Dabus次盆地地下水潜势带地理空间制图

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100275

Dawit Girma Burayu , Shankar Karuppannan , Gemechu Shuniye

Ethiopian groundwater assessments are often conducted using field surveys as a basis. Although conventional groundwater exploration methods yield results of varying scale and improved quality, they are typically costly and time-consuming tasks. Utilizing remotely sensed data and geographic information systems (GIS), data may now be efficiently collected, analyzed, and managed across extensive spatial and temporal scales. This study will use timely, affordable remote sensing (RS) data and GIS approaches to map the groundwater potential in the Dabus Sub-Basin in Western Ethiopia. This study examines various geographic parameters, including lithology, slope, rainfall, drainage density, lineament density, soil texture, land use/cover (LULC), and geomorphology. Weight overlay analysis and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), particularly the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method, were employed to delineate the groundwater potential zone (GWPZs). Then, using Saatty's (AHP) scale, the weights for each element were allocated based on their relative relevance. The results of the primary components show that lithology has the lowest weight and rainfall, and geomorphology has the highest weights when calculating the prospective groundwater potential zone in the research region. The findings showed that approximately 310.2 km² (1.5%) had very high groundwater potential, 16216 km² (77.1%) had high groundwater potential, 4476 km² (21.3%) had moderate groundwater potential, and 27.77 km² (0.13%) had low groundwater potential. After employing borehole points and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve method to assess the created groundwater potential zone map, a good correlation of 73.8% was found. Thus, this study demonstrates a reliable way to utilize GIS and remote sensing tools to map and define GWPZs. To make prompt judgments about groundwater management, planners and decision-makers rely heavily on the GWPZ that is produced.

埃塞俄比亚的地下水评估通常以实地勘测为基础。尽管传统的地下水勘探方法可以获得不同规模和质量的结果，但这些方法通常成本高昂且耗时。现在，利用遥感数据和地理信息系统 (GIS)，可以在广泛的空间和时间范围内有效地收集、分析和管理数据。本研究将利用及时、经济的遥感（RS）数据和地理信息系统（GIS）方法，绘制埃塞俄比亚西部 Dabus 子盆地的地下水潜力图。本研究考察了各种地理参数，包括岩性、坡度、降雨量、排水密度、线状密度、土壤质地、土地利用/覆盖（LULC）和地貌。采用权重叠加分析和多标准决策分析（MCDA），特别是层次分析法（AHP）来划分地下水潜势区（GWPZ）。然后，使用 Saatty（AHP）量表，根据各要素的相对相关性分配其权重。主要成分的结果表明，在计算研究区域的地下水远景潜力区时，岩性的权重最低，降雨量的权重最低，地貌的权重最高。研究结果表明，约 310.2 平方公里（1.5%）具有极高的地下水潜势，16216 平方公里（77.1%）具有较高的地下水潜势，4476 平方公里（21.3%）具有中等的地下水潜势，27.77 平方公里（0.13%）具有较低的地下水潜势。在采用钻孔点和接收者工作特征曲线（ROC）方法对绘制的地下水潜势区图进行评估后，发现其相关性高达 73.8%。因此，本研究证明了利用地理信息系统和遥感工具绘制和定义地下水潜势区的可靠方法。为了对地下水管理做出及时的判断，规划者和决策者在很大程度上依赖于所绘制的 GWPZ。

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引用次数: 0

Dendroseismological investigation of redwood trees along the North Coast section of the San Andreas Fault 圣安德烈亚斯断层北海岸红杉树的树震学研究

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100283

Allyson L. Carroll , Belle Philibosian , Stephen C. Sillett , Marie E. Antoine , Özgür Kozaci

Sequoia sempervirens (coast redwood) tree rings have the potential to annually resolve late-Holocene earthquakes on the northern San Andreas Fault based on direct (e.g., physical damage) and indirect (e.g., co-seismic environmental change) impacts, but scarcity of suitable samples and challenges crossdating this long-lived species have limited progress. More precise dating of the pre-1906 (penultimate) earthquake can improve hazard assessment and understanding of rupture segmentation. We target old trees (maximum >815 yr) along the North Coast section of the fault (increment cores via rope-climbing, 11 living trees; plunge cuts, 23 stumps) and employ complementary disturbance detection methods including radial-growth averaging (tree- and series-level), cataloging anatomical indicators (e.g., traumatic resin ducts, TRD), and dating structural components (e.g., reiterated trunks, leans). Multi-centennial ring-width chronologies at Fort Ross (1569−2023) and Gualala (1397−2023) promote continued study with incomplete crossdating limiting utilization of some series. Growth pulses (reductions, releases) and TRD dispersed across the record reflect dynamic environments that obfuscate detection of earthquake signals. The 1906 earthquake did not leave strong signatures on most trees, and when it did, within-tree response varied from normal presentation to discoloration, TRD, and missing rings. Synchrony of indicators at both locations identified 1678−1680 (6 of 15 trees) and 1698−1700 (8 of 16 trees) as the strongest disturbances among dated rings in the time range of the penultimate earthquake, peaking at 1698 (15.7 % of possible growth and anatomical indicators), but the triggering mechanisms for these events are unknown.

根据直接（如物理破坏）和间接（如同震环境变化）影响，海岸红杉年轮有潜力每年解决圣安德烈亚斯断层北部晚全新世地震，但缺乏合适的样本和交叉测定这种长寿物种的挑战限制了进展。对1906年以前（倒数第二次）地震进行更精确的测年可以改进危险性评估和对断裂分割的理解。我们的目标是断层北海岸部分的老树（最大树龄815年）(通过绳索攀登增加岩心，11棵活树；并采用互补的干扰检测方法，包括径向生长平均（树级和系列级）、解剖指标编目（如创伤性树脂导管，TRD）和结构部件定年（如重复树干，倾斜）。Fort Ross（1569 ~ 2023）和Gualala（1397 ~ 2023）的百年环宽年代学促进了继续研究，但交叉测年不完全限制了一些序列的利用。分布在记录中的增长脉冲（减少、释放）和TRD反映了动态环境，使地震信号的探测变得模糊。1906年的地震并没有在大多数树木上留下强烈的印记，而当地震发生时，树木内部的反应从正常表现到变色、TRD和缺环不等。在第二次地震的时间范围内，这两个地点的指标同步表明1678 - 1680（15棵树中的6棵）和1698 - 1700（16棵树中的8棵）是年代年轮中最强的扰动，在1698年达到峰值（15.7%的可能生长和解剖指标），但这些事件的触发机制尚不清楚。

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引用次数: 0

Surface ruptures from the 1556 Huaxian earthquake, North China, measured using high-resolution topography: Implications for large magnitude normal-faulting earthquakes in continental interiors 1556年华北华县地震的地表破裂，用高分辨率地形测量：大陆内部大震级正断层地震的意义

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100270

Shengxue Lei , Richard Walker , Yanbao Li , Ji Ma , Ben Johnson , Qi Ou , Chia-Hsin Tsai , Changyun Chen , Xijie Feng , Liangxin Xu

On January 23, 1556, a large normal-faulting earthquake struck Huaxian county, in the eastern part of the Weihe Graben, North China. The direct effects of the great shock and the following famine, exposure to coldness, and disease together killed more than 830,000 people, making the Huaxian earthquake the deadliest in history. Estimates of its magnitude vary widely, with intensity data leading to estimates of 8¼ to 8½, whereas geological estimates of slip and fault length suggest a range of 7.5–8.0, but with remaining uncertainty due to the lack of detailed measurements along the entire rupture zone. In this study, we use high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from Pléiades stereo satellite imagery to map the surface ruptures and measure the fault scarps associated with the 1556 earthquake. We use the vertical offset measurements and the cumulative offset probability density (COPD) method to constrain the surface slip distribution of the 1556 event and to examine evidence for prior rupture. We find an average vertical displacement of 6.3 ± 0.7 m, consistent with a moment-magnitude (M_w) of 7.3–7.9 that, although large, is much smaller than earlier estimates derived from seismic intensity data. Although the Huaxian earthquake is likely the largest known well-defined normal-faulting event in history, it aligns with the global pattern that normal-faulting earthquakes in continental interiors rarely exceed M_w 8. We suggest that the magnitudes of other large historical earthquakes in North China need to be reexamined by direct fault parameters, rather than by shaking intensity and death toll.

1556年1月23日，华北渭河地堑东部华县发生正断层大地震。大地震的直接影响以及随之而来的饥荒、严寒和疾病共造成83万多人死亡，使华县地震成为历史上死亡人数最多的地震。对其震级的估计差异很大，强度数据估计为8¼至8½，而对滑动和断层长度的地质估计为7.5-8.0，但由于缺乏沿整个断裂带的详细测量，仍然存在不确定性。在这项研究中，我们使用来自pl宇航立体卫星图像的高分辨率数字高程模型（dem）来绘制地表破裂图，并测量与1556年地震相关的断层陡坡。我们使用垂直偏移测量和累积偏移概率密度（COPD）方法来约束1556事件的地表滑动分布，并检查先前破裂的证据。我们发现平均垂直位移为6.3±0.7 m，与7.3-7.9级的矩震级（Mw）一致，虽然很大，但比早先从地震强度数据中得出的估计要小得多。尽管华县地震可能是历史上已知的最大的正常断层活动，但它与全球模式一致，即大陆内部的正常断层地震很少超过8级。我们建议，华北其他历史大地震的震级需要通过直接断层参数来重新检查，而不是通过震动强度和死亡人数。

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引用次数: 0

Quaternary geomorphology, tectonics and landslide hazards using geospatial technology 利用地理空间技术研究第四纪地貌学、构造学和滑坡灾害

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100265

Ajay Kumar Taloor , Girish Ch Kothyari , Mithila Verma , Himanshu Mittal , Sunil Kumar Pundir , Himanshu Govil

This special issue consists of twenty-two articles related to four major themes based on the applications of geospatial technologies which provide an essential insight into Earth's dynamic processes, including mapping of the landforms shaped by glaciations, tectonic activity, and climate shifts. Studies in the Indian Himalayas and Indo-Gangetic Plain highlight the importance of multi-proxy climate records for understanding past climatic variability, such as changes in the Indian Summer Monsoon. Additionally, geospatial technology advances in seismic, landslide, and subsidence monitoring offer valuable data for assessing natural hazards, improving infrastructure resilience, and informing climate change adaptation strategies. Ultimately, these technologies support sustainable development, risk mitigation, and the ability to predict and adapt to future environmental changes.

这期特刊包括22篇文章，涉及基于地理空间技术应用的四个主要主题，这些主题提供了对地球动态过程的基本见解，包括冰川、构造活动和气候变化形成的地貌图。在印度喜马拉雅和印度恒河平原的研究强调了多代理气候记录对理解过去气候变率的重要性，例如印度夏季风的变化。此外，地震、滑坡和沉陷监测方面的地理空间技术进步为评估自然灾害、提高基础设施恢复能力和为气候变化适应战略提供了有价值的数据。最终，这些技术支持可持续发展、降低风险以及预测和适应未来环境变化的能力。

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Morphological characteristics and controlling factors of the piedmont fan systems in the Zanskar region, Northwest Himalaya, India” [Quat. Sci. Advan. 16 (2024) 100240] “印度喜马拉雅西北部赞斯卡尔地区山前扇系统的形态特征及其控制因素”[Quat.]勘误。科学。航空学报。16 (2024)100240]

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100249

Mohammad Irfan, Bikram Singh Bali, Ahsan Afzal

引用次数: 0

Enhanced silicate weathering during glacial lowstands: new evidence from shelf sediments in the northern South China Sea 冰期低洼区硅酸盐风化作用增强：来自南海北部陆架沉积物的新证据

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100282

Yu Cao , Sai Wang , Guangrong Jin , Li Liu , Chuangji Feng , Fatma Yehia , Haiyun Ma , Lihua Liu

The enhanced silicate weathering on tropical continental shelves has been linked to the exposure of unconsolidated sediments during glacial lowstands, contributing to atmospheric CO₂ consumption. However, the lack of sedimentary record from the exposed continental shelf limited our understanding of glacial weathering regimes. To address this, Core DG from the shelf of the northern South China Sea (SCS) was analyzed to investigate sediment provenance and weathering intensity during the late Quaternary (39–287 ka). Geochemical determination revealed five units (I to V) corresponding to two transgressive-regressive cycles. Sediment of Unit I, III, IV, and V primarily originated from southwestern Taiwan rivers, while Unit II derived mainly from the small streams in Hong Kong. Chemical weathering indices indicated three episodes of enhanced silicate weathering and which contributed mainly by secondary weathering due to the long-term exposure, however, with different patterns. One was the exposure of the continental shelf under favorable temperature and precipitation conditions during the early Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS6). Another one was the re-transport of secondary weathered sediments from the SCS shelf near Taiwan by glacially reactivated shelf channels during the end of MIS 6 and early MIS 5. This study provides new sedimentary evidence for enhanced silicate weathering during glacial lowstands, emphasizing the role of secondary weathering and source-to-sink processes in carbon sink on shelf and theimpact on the global carbon cycle.

热带大陆架上硅酸盐风化作用的增强与冰川低洼期松散沉积物的暴露有关，从而增加了大气中二氧化碳的消耗。然而，缺乏来自暴露的大陆架的沉积记录限制了我们对冰川风化机制的理解。为此，对南海北部陆架DG岩芯进行了分析，探讨了晚第四纪（39-287 ka）沉积物源和风化强度。地球化学测定显示了5个单位（I ~ V），对应两个海侵-退旋回。单元I、III、IV和V的沉积物主要来自台湾西南部的河流，单元II的沉积物主要来自香港的小溪。化学风化指标显示出3期硅酸盐风化增强，主要是长期暴露的次生风化作用，但模式不同。一个是早期海洋同位素阶段6 （MIS6）在有利的温度和降水条件下大陆架的暴露。另一个是在MIS 6末和MIS 5早期，冰川重新激活的陆架通道对台湾附近南海陆架次生风化沉积物的再输运。该研究为冰期低水位硅酸风化作用增强提供了新的沉积证据，强调了次生风化和源-汇过程在陆架碳汇中的作用以及对全球碳循环的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Eccentricity-driven glacial climate variability and its influence on speciation in the tropical Andes 热带安第斯山脉偏心率驱动的冰川气候变率及其对物种形成的影响

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100278

Manuel Chevalier , William D. Gosling , Henry Hooghiemstra , Olivier Cartapanis , Brian M. Chase , Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr

This study presents a detailed pollen-based climate reconstruction from Lake Fúquene, Colombia, spanning the past 284,000 years and revealing significant changes in temperature and hydroclimate modes of variability, particularly between glacial periods. Our findings highlight the central role of eccentricity in modulating the influence of high-latitude glacial climate variability on the northern Andes. During periods of high eccentricity (∼70–260 ka), we conclude that the region was shielded from northern high-latitude glacial ice-sheet dynamics by an intensified Walker circulation. After ∼70 ka, a weakening of this zonal circulation allowed high-latitude, millennial-scale glacial climate variability to penetrate deeper into the tropics, influencing the position of the ITCZ and the rainbelt. This shift in climate dynamics led to increased regional millennial-scale climate variability. A detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) on fossil pollen data highlights a contemporaneous compositional shift previously masked by glacial-interglacial vegetation changes. The observed ecological shift coincides temporally with predictions of elevated speciation rates in mechanistic simulations. Combined, these results suggest a long-lasting environmental impact from glacial millennial-scale climate dynamics, supporting the hypothesis that increased environmental dynamism during glacial periods may trigger the speciation pump in the Northern Andes more than glacial inceptions or terminations. These findings underscore the evolving nature of regional climate drivers and their complex interplay with ecology, offering new insights into the role of climate variability in shaping biodiversity in this hotspot.

本研究提出了哥伦比亚Fúquene湖的详细的基于花粉的气候重建，跨越过去28.4万年，揭示了温度和水文气候变率模式的显著变化，特别是在冰期之间。我们的研究结果强调了偏心率在调节高纬度冰川气候变化对安第斯山脉北部的影响中的核心作用。在高偏心率时期（~ 70-260 ka），我们得出结论，该地区被增强的Walker环流屏蔽了北部高纬度冰川冰盖动力学。在~ 70 ka之后，这种纬向环流的减弱使得高纬度千年尺度的冰川气候变率深入热带，影响了ITCZ和雨带的位置。气候动力学的这种转变导致了区域千年尺度气候变率的增加。对化石花粉数据的非趋势对应分析（DCA）强调了先前被冰期-间冰期植被变化掩盖的同期成分变化。观察到的生态转移与机械模拟中物种形成率升高的预测在时间上是一致的。综上所述，这些结果表明冰川千年尺度气候动力学对环境的长期影响，支持了冰期环境动力增加可能比冰川开始或终止更能触发北安第斯山脉物种形成泵的假设。这些发现强调了区域气候驱动因素的演变性质及其与生态的复杂相互作用，为气候变率在塑造该热点地区生物多样性中的作用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironments at Plains of Sonoran Desert, based on fossil pollen content and geochemical analysis 索诺兰沙漠平原晚更新世和全新世古环境研究——基于化石花粉含量和地球化学分析

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100276

B.A. Valle-Caro , C.I. Ortega-Rosas , T. Gámez , J.R. Vidal-Solano , D.M. Meza-Figueroa

Quaternary pollen-geochemical based-studies in Sonoran Desert are poorly documented. Two sedimentary profiles were studied at Félix Gómez, Sonora in the Plains of Sonoran Desert: Paleosols “La Cárcava” (335 cm depth) and “La Morita” (220 cm depth) covers the latest Pleistocene and all Holocene. The results of paleoenvironmental proxy analysis (fossil pollen, geochemical data, and radiocarbon ages), show a variation in Late Pleistocene conditions with high precipitations and low temperatures leading to an open forest vegetation (Pinus sp., Quercus sp. and Poaceae) in the actual desert. From Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene increasing temperature and higher evaporation rates were constated with the establishment of tropical-desert vegetation. Recovering to wetter al cooler conditions appear in early Holocene with a woodland vegetation type-Chaparral (Pinus, Quercus and Pteridophytes). In the middle-late Holocene the hottest conditions were recorded, with mostly herbaceous plants (Asteraceae and Chenopodiaceae). Finally, in the Latest Holocene (last 2500 years) similar conditions to present days were documented (Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae and Fabaceae).

索诺兰沙漠第四纪花粉地球化学研究文献很少。在索诺拉沙漠平原的索诺拉f lix Gómez研究了两条沉积剖面：古土壤“La Cárcava”（深度335 cm）和“La Morita”（深度220 cm）覆盖了最新更新世和整个全新世。古环境代用分析（化石花粉、地球化学数据和放射性碳年龄）结果表明，在晚更新世的高降水和低温条件下，实际沙漠中出现了开放的森林植被（松属、栎属和禾本科）。从晚更新世到早全新世，温度升高和蒸发速率升高与热带荒漠植被的建立保持一致。在全新世早期恢复到湿润和凉爽的条件，林地植被类型为灌木林（松、栎和蕨类植物）。在全新世中晚期，记录了最热的条件，以草本植物为主（菊科和藜科）。最后，在最近的全新世（最近2500年），记录了与现在相似的条件（藜科、菊科、仙人掌科和豆科）。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Holocene alluvial dynamics, soil erosion and settlement in the uplands of Macedonia (Greece): New geoarchaeological insights from Xerolakkos in Grevena” [Quat. Sci. Adv. (15), September 2024, 100206] 《马其顿（希腊）高地全新世冲积动力学、土壤侵蚀和沉降：来自Grevena的Xerolakkos的新地质考古见解》[Quat.]的勘误。科学。公告（15），2024年9月，100206]

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2024.100253

Giannis Apostolou , Alfredo Mayoral , Konstantina Venieri , Sofia Dimaki , Arnau Garcia-Molsosa , Mercourios Georgiadis , Hector A. Orengo

引用次数: 0

Reconstruction of deep-water undercurrent variability from the outer Labrador Sea during the past 550,000 years 外拉布拉多海过去55万年深水潜流变化的重建

IF 2.9 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Advances

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.qsa.2025.100266

Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr , André Bahr , Patrick Blaser , Antje H.L. Voelker , Jörg Lippold , Marcus Gutjahr , David A. Hodell , James E.T. Channell , Anne de Vernal , Claude Hillaire-Marcel

We present a comprehensive multi-proxy analysis spanning 550,000 years from the outer Labrador Sea region at the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Sites U1302/1303. We combine new benthic foraminiferal stable oxygen (δ¹⁸O) and carbon (δ¹³C) isotope records, with sediment elemental composition and authigenic neodymium isotope measurements, to provide insights into deep-water mass sourcing and changes of the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC), which exports North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) into the wider North Atlantic as part of the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.

We find that a prominent DWBC likely remained a persistent feature within the Labrador Sea region throughout the past 550 kyr. However, glacial peaks of marine isotope stage (MIS) 14 to MIS 2 were consistently characterized by a weaker or shallower DWBC, while all interglacial periods of MIS 13a to MIS 1, with the exception of MIS 7e, were marked by enhanced DWBC. Additionally, the dominant deep-water masses feeding into the DWBC during these glacial-interglacial periods varied from regional (K-rich sediment, unradiogenic εNd) to more distal sources from the Nordic Seas (Ti-rich sediment, radiogenic εNd). Yet, these changes in deep-water provenance did not consistently correlate with DWBC strength, suggesting that additional factors may have played a significant role in shaping the DWBC strength or core depth throughout the geological past.

我们在综合海洋钻探计划（IODP） U1302/1303地点对拉布拉多海外区域进行了55万年的综合多代理分析。我们将新的底栖有孔虫稳定氧（δ18O）和碳（δ13C）同位素记录与沉积物元素组成和自生钕同位素测量相结合，以深入了解深水物质来源和深水西部边界流（DWBC）的变化，该流将北大西洋深水（NADW）出口到更广阔的北大西洋，作为大西洋经向翻转环流的一部分。我们发现，在过去的550年里，拉布拉多海地区可能一直存在着一个突出的DWBC。海洋同位素阶段（MIS） 14 ~ MIS 2的冰峰DWBC持续变弱或变浅，而MIS 13a ~ MIS 1的间冰期DWBC除MIS 7e外均呈增强特征。此外，在这些冰期-间冰期，主要的深水块体从区域性（富钾沉积物，非放射性成因的εNd）到更远的北欧海（富钛沉积物，放射性成因的εNd）。然而，深水物源的这些变化并不总是与DWBC强度相关，这表明在整个地质历史中，其他因素可能在塑造DWBC强度或岩心深度方面发挥了重要作用。

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引用次数: 0