Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.17
J. Kisielińska
The aim of the study presented in the paper was to assess the level of investment in farms in European Union countries. The assessment applied the reproduction rate, fixed-asset reproduction rate and the investment rate. Studies were performed for all farms and farms divided into classes according to economic size (KS6 classification). The study covered years 2007–2016. As significant changes were observed in individual years, the study period was divided into two equal sub-periods, for which average values of the ratios were determined. The studies showed that the level of investment in farms as taken jointly for all EU countries is not enough to reproduce their assets in both sub-periods. What needs to be positively assessed is the fact that the values of all indicators grow as the economic size of farms grows. The level of reproduction and multiplication of property in Polish farms is lower than the EU average for economically weaker farms, but it is usually higher for the stronger ones.
{"title":"THE LEVEL OF INVESTMENT IN FARMS IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES","authors":"J. Kisielińska","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study presented in the paper was to assess the level of investment in farms in European Union countries. The assessment applied the reproduction rate, fixed-asset reproduction rate and the investment rate. Studies were performed for all farms and farms divided into classes according to economic size (KS6 classification). The study covered years 2007–2016. As significant changes were observed in individual years, the study period was divided into two equal sub-periods, for which average values of the ratios were determined. The studies showed that the level of investment in farms as taken jointly for all EU countries is not enough to reproduce their assets in both sub-periods. What needs to be positively assessed is the fact that the values of all indicators grow as the economic size of farms grows. The level of reproduction and multiplication of property in Polish farms is lower than the EU average for economically weaker farms, but it is usually higher for the stronger ones.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82233299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.22
M. Piekut, M. Valentukeviciene
The aim of the paper is to recognize and estimate alterations in expenditures on catering services across European households, with particular emphasis on households in Poland. The research material was obtained from the Statistics of Poland (GUS) and Eurostat. The research covers 2012 and 2016. It showed the increase of the share of expenditure on catering in total expenditure. It also showed statistically significant differences in the share for expenditure on catering in total expenditure between EU countries and types of Polish households by their demographic and social characteristics.
{"title":"EXPENDITURE ON CATERING SERVICES ACROSS EUROPEAN HOUSEHOLDS’ BUDGETS","authors":"M. Piekut, M. Valentukeviciene","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.22","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to recognize and estimate alterations in expenditures on catering services across European households, with particular emphasis on households in Poland. The research material was obtained from the Statistics of Poland (GUS) and Eurostat. The research covers 2012 and 2016. It showed the increase of the share of expenditure on catering in total expenditure. It also showed statistically significant differences in the share for expenditure on catering in total expenditure between EU countries and types of Polish households by their demographic and social characteristics.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"1085 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78043539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.21
A. Parlińska, V. Rudyk
population and employers in terms of financing retirement age. Therefore, there was a need to reform the national pension systems in accordance with modern requirements of society and the need for social protection of retirement age citizens. The paper is dedicated to compare peculiarities of the formation and development of the national pension systems of Ukraine and Poland. Also the possibility of using the experience of both countries in the further implementation of the pension reform was discussed.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL PENSION SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE AND POLAND","authors":"A. Parlińska, V. Rudyk","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"population and employers in terms of financing retirement age. Therefore, there was a need to reform the national pension systems in accordance with modern requirements of society and the need for social protection of retirement age citizens. The paper is dedicated to compare peculiarities of the formation and development of the national pension systems of Ukraine and Poland. Also the possibility of using the experience of both countries in the further implementation of the pension reform was discussed.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73998567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.18
S. Lisek, L. Luty
Public companies are a subject of the public interest. Voivodships adjacent directly to the eastern border of Poland are industrialized less than the mean for Poland. This article to analyse changes of the financial conditions of the companies quoted at the Warsaw Stock Exchange (Giełda Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie) from these voivodships in 2013–2017. Findings prove that these companies are not endangered by bankruptcy. Their situation is average, stable in investigated period.
上市公司是公众利益的主体。直接毗邻波兰东部边界的省份工业化程度低于波兰的平均水平。本文旨在分析2013-2017年在华沙证券交易所(Giełda Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie)上市的公司财务状况的变化。调查结果证明，这些公司没有破产的危险。在调查期间，他们的情况一般，稳定。
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF LISTED COMPANIES IN SELECTED VOIVODESHIPS OF EASTERN POLAND IN 2013–2017","authors":"S. Lisek, L. Luty","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Public companies are a subject of the public interest. Voivodships adjacent directly to the eastern border of Poland are industrialized less than the mean for Poland. This article to analyse changes of the financial conditions of the companies quoted at the Warsaw Stock Exchange (Giełda Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie) from these voivodships in 2013–2017. Findings prove that these companies are not endangered by bankruptcy. Their situation is average, stable in investigated period.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"2009 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82504668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.24
D. Szostek
The paper discusses the influence of gender, age, education and type of position held upon employees’ tendency to undertake organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Particularly in Polish literature the relations have not been examined or discussed sufficiently. The author’s aim is to verify four hypotheses stating that the above-mentioned variables affect involvement of employees in OCB and CWB. Thus, the author used data obtained from an online questionnaire given to 535 respondents, who are active workers. The obtained results did not provide any grounds for rejection of the hypotheses.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EMPLOYEES UPON THEIR TENDENCY TO UNDERTAKE ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP AND COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOURS","authors":"D. Szostek","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the influence of gender, age, education and type of position held upon employees’ tendency to undertake organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Particularly in Polish literature the relations have not been examined or discussed sufficiently. The author’s aim is to verify four hypotheses stating that the above-mentioned variables affect involvement of employees in OCB and CWB. Thus, the author used data obtained from an online questionnaire given to 535 respondents, who are active workers. The obtained results did not provide any grounds for rejection of the hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82319286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.15
P. Bórawski, J. W. Dunn, J. Harper, Adam Pawlewicz
The study analyzed the intra-European Union trade of milk and dairy products in 1998–2017. The volume of intra-EU imports and exports, the balance of trade and the share of imports and exports of milk and dairy products in total EU trade in the EU in 2000–2017 were analyzed. In addition, the price of 1 kg of milk and dairy products imported and exported in the EU’s internal market in 2015–2017 was presented in the EU countries (EUR). Tabular, graphical and descriptive statistics were used in the work. In 2004–2014, the volume of intra-EU exports exceeded imports. In turn, in 2015–2017 a strong downward trend and an increase in the surplus of imports over the exports of milk and dairy products on the EU’s internal markets is noticeable.
{"title":"THE INTRA-EUROPEAN UNION TRADE OF MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS","authors":"P. Bórawski, J. W. Dunn, J. Harper, Adam Pawlewicz","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzed the intra-European Union trade of milk and dairy products in 1998–2017. The volume of intra-EU imports and exports, the balance of trade and the share of imports and exports of milk and dairy products in total EU trade in the EU in 2000–2017 were analyzed. In addition, the price of 1 kg of milk and dairy products imported and exported in the EU’s internal market in 2015–2017 was presented in the EU countries (EUR). Tabular, graphical and descriptive statistics were used in the work. In 2004–2014, the volume of intra-EU exports exceeded imports. In turn, in 2015–2017 a strong downward trend and an increase in the surplus of imports over the exports of milk and dairy products on the EU’s internal markets is noticeable.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79845062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.25
T. Śmiałowski, L. Ochnio
In the 21st century, the problem of digital divide is more and more dynamic. Lack of access to digital technology is now the same exclusion as once slavery, lack of access to education or to work. The paper presents the results of research on the impact of belonging to a socio-economic group and income on a scale and diversity of the digital divide of Polish households in 2003–2015. Author’s digital divide indicator was used to assess the impact. In the analyzed period, the scale of digital divide is gradually decreasing, however, its level depends on the socio-economic group and the income. From all socio-economic groups only in the group of students the digital exclusion as marginal. However, the phenomenon of digital divide was the most noticeable among the groups of farmers, pensioners and retirees – almost 80% of people from these groups were excluded or at risk of digital divide. In the case of the second analyzed factor, the research has shown that with the increase in income, the scale of digital divide and its diversification were getting smaller.
{"title":"ECONOMIC CONTEXTS OF DIFFERENCES IN DIGITAL EXCLUSION","authors":"T. Śmiałowski, L. Ochnio","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"In the 21st century, the problem of digital divide is more and more dynamic. Lack of access to digital technology is now the same exclusion as once slavery, lack of access to education or to work. The paper presents the results of research on the impact of belonging to a socio-economic group and income on a scale and diversity of the digital divide of Polish households in 2003–2015. Author’s digital divide indicator was used to assess the impact. In the analyzed period, the scale of digital divide is gradually decreasing, however, its level depends on the socio-economic group and the income. From all socio-economic groups only in the group of students the digital exclusion as marginal. However, the phenomenon of digital divide was the most noticeable among the groups of farmers, pensioners and retirees – almost 80% of people from these groups were excluded or at risk of digital divide. In the case of the second analyzed factor, the research has shown that with the increase in income, the scale of digital divide and its diversification were getting smaller.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82647015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.23
M. Raczkowska, Joanna Wrzesińska-Kowal
The article addresses issues concerning the level of income inequalities in the countries of the European Union in 2010 and 2018. Subject literature and secondary Eurostat data were used in order to achieve the aim of the study. The obtained results confirmed the presence of a large variability in the level of income inequalities between countries of the European Union. Bulgaria and Lithuania were the countries characterized by the biggest income inequalities. The smallest income disproportions, independent of the interference of the state, occurred in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia. In addition, in 2018, a relatively large drop in inequality in Poland, as well as an increase in inequality in Luxembourg, Sweden and the Netherlands was observed. The study conducted allows to confirm the hypothesis assumed at the beginning, which states that in countries that are part of the European Community, the governments effectively contribute to the reduction in income inequalities by means of taxes and social remittances. However, a decrease in so-called the Gini gap in most European Union countries means that the effectiveness of redistribution has been decreasing.
{"title":"THE LEVEL OF INCOME INEQUALITIES AND REDISTRIBUTION POLICIES IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES","authors":"M. Raczkowska, Joanna Wrzesińska-Kowal","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses issues concerning the level of income inequalities in the countries of the European Union in 2010 and 2018. Subject literature and secondary Eurostat data were used in order to achieve the aim of the study. The obtained results confirmed the presence of a large variability in the level of income inequalities between countries of the European Union. Bulgaria and Lithuania were the countries characterized by the biggest income inequalities. The smallest income disproportions, independent of the interference of the state, occurred in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia. In addition, in 2018, a relatively large drop in inequality in Poland, as well as an increase in inequality in Luxembourg, Sweden and the Netherlands was observed. The study conducted allows to confirm the hypothesis assumed at the beginning, which states that in countries that are part of the European Community, the governments effectively contribute to the reduction in income inequalities by means of taxes and social remittances. However, a decrease in so-called the Gini gap in most European Union countries means that the effectiveness of redistribution has been decreasing.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76460224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.14
M. Angowski, B. Bujanowicz-Haraś
The aim of the publication is to identify and evaluate the factors determining the choice of organic food products, establish links between them and decide which factors determining consumer choices on the dairy products market are the main. The analyses were based on the results of a survey conducted in 2016 on a group of 358 students. In the selection process, targeted selection methods were used. The study was carried out using the CAWI and the PAPI methods. The study uses methods of statistical analysis, including a comparative analysis of the behaviour of buyers and non-buyers of organic products and factor analysis to detect internal interdependencies between factors shaping purchasing decisions of buyers. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the most important factors taken into consideration when choosing organic food on the dairy market are related to the characteristics of the products. According to the surveyed buyers, an organic product is a product with a specific composition, fresh and without preservatives. The remaining factors are marketing communication, sales activation and “guarantee” of quality and healthiness of products in the form of certificates, markings and product brands.
{"title":"CONSUMERS ON ORGANIC FOOD MARKET – FACTORS DETERMINING THE CHOICE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS","authors":"M. Angowski, B. Bujanowicz-Haraś","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the publication is to identify and evaluate the factors determining the choice of organic food products, establish links between them and decide which factors determining consumer choices on the dairy products market are the main. The analyses were based on the results of a survey conducted in 2016 on a group of 358 students. In the selection process, targeted selection methods were used. The study was carried out using the CAWI and the PAPI methods. The study uses methods of statistical analysis, including a comparative analysis of the behaviour of buyers and non-buyers of organic products and factor analysis to detect internal interdependencies between factors shaping purchasing decisions of buyers. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the most important factors taken into consideration when choosing organic food on the dairy market are related to the characteristics of the products. According to the surveyed buyers, an organic product is a product with a specific composition, fresh and without preservatives. The remaining factors are marketing communication, sales activation and “guarantee” of quality and healthiness of products in the form of certificates, markings and product brands.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74510218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-30DOI: 10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.16
A. Czyżewski, R. Kata, A. Matuszczak
The study specifies the premises and purposes of the redistribution function of budget expenditures on agriculture. It determines the amount of expenditures fulfilling these purposes in Poland’s agricultural budgets in 1995–2018. An attempt was also made to assess their effects in the context of the dynamics of farmers’ income, the disparity between farmers’ income and the incomes of other social and professional groups, as well as intrasectoral disproportion in farm household income. It was demonstrated that the increase of budget expenditures on agriculture in 2004 contributed to a real increase of farmers’ income and a decrease in the disparity between the income of farm households and the income of households in general and of working households. However, the increase of redistribution expenditures did not reverse the progressing process of farm household income polarisation.
{"title":"THE REDISTRIBUTION FUNCTION IN POLAND’S AGRICULTURAL BUDGETS IN THE LONG TERM","authors":"A. Czyżewski, R. Kata, A. Matuszczak","doi":"10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"The study specifies the premises and purposes of the redistribution function of budget expenditures on agriculture. It determines the amount of expenditures fulfilling these purposes in Poland’s agricultural budgets in 1995–2018. An attempt was also made to assess their effects in the context of the dynamics of farmers’ income, the disparity between farmers’ income and the incomes of other social and professional groups, as well as intrasectoral disproportion in farm household income. It was demonstrated that the increase of budget expenditures on agriculture in 2004 contributed to a real increase of farmers’ income and a decrease in the disparity between the income of farm households and the income of households in general and of working households. However, the increase of redistribution expenditures did not reverse the progressing process of farm household income polarisation.","PeriodicalId":34287,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Oeconomia","volume":"186 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81086134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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