Pub Date : 1997-07-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414420
S. Brabant, C. Forsyth, Glenda McFarlain
Abstract This article examines one aspect of parental readjustment to the death of a child, change in meaning and purpose in life, through use of thick descriptions (Geertz, 1973) from parents bereaved for 1 or more years. Findings are congruent with Frankl's (1963) argument that meaning in life can be discovered in three different ways; parents expressed having found new meaning in life through helping others, through changing their values and priorities, and through having endured suffering. Implications for counselors are discussed.
{"title":"The impact of the death of a child on meaning and purpose in life","authors":"S. Brabant, C. Forsyth, Glenda McFarlain","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414420","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines one aspect of parental readjustment to the death of a child, change in meaning and purpose in life, through use of thick descriptions (Geertz, 1973) from parents bereaved for 1 or more years. Findings are congruent with Frankl's (1963) argument that meaning in life can be discovered in three different ways; parents expressed having found new meaning in life through helping others, through changing their values and priorities, and through having endured suffering. Implications for counselors are discussed.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"1502 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125237398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414410
S. Hill
Abstract Several important demographic and economic factors have led to the shift in medical caregiving work from health care professionals to family members, primarily women. The growth in family caregiving has spawned numerous studies on how caring for the sick affects unpaid family caregivers. While caregiving work can be gratifying, most studies have focused on the negative effects, such as its adverse impact on the health and employment of caregivers. Only recently have we begun to expand this literature by examining the impact of ethnicity, specifically culture, on family caregiving. This study argues that African American families have retained specific cultural values and developed family systems which may lessen the negative impact of caregiving on families.
{"title":"Ethnicity and the ethic of caring in african american families","authors":"S. Hill","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414410","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several important demographic and economic factors have led to the shift in medical caregiving work from health care professionals to family members, primarily women. The growth in family caregiving has spawned numerous studies on how caring for the sick affects unpaid family caregivers. While caregiving work can be gratifying, most studies have focused on the negative effects, such as its adverse impact on the health and employment of caregivers. Only recently have we begun to expand this literature by examining the impact of ethnicity, specifically culture, on family caregiving. This study argues that African American families have retained specific cultural values and developed family systems which may lessen the negative impact of caregiving on families.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127068007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414414
P. Nelson
Abstract In the 1990s Children's Village, a residential treatment center, has been able to return fewer boys to their families of origin and has sought court-supported terminations of parental rights (TPRs). A clinically sound approach was formulated to support the boys during and after the TPR process. Coleaders conducted group therapy with small numbers (2, 4, 5) of boys aged 10 to 14 years. The task was to help them relinquish the parent as a discharge resource. Impact of the groups varied with the boys' ages and the presence or absence of an identified peer leader. An identified date for ending resulted in vigorous therapeutic work in the final meetings.
{"title":"Termination of Parental Rights Conflicts: Small-Group Therapy with Adolescent Boys.","authors":"P. Nelson","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414414","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the 1990s Children's Village, a residential treatment center, has been able to return fewer boys to their families of origin and has sought court-supported terminations of parental rights (TPRs). A clinically sound approach was formulated to support the boys during and after the TPR process. Coleaders conducted group therapy with small numbers (2, 4, 5) of boys aged 10 to 14 years. The task was to help them relinquish the parent as a discharge resource. Impact of the groups varied with the boys' ages and the presence or absence of an identified peer leader. An identified date for ending resulted in vigorous therapeutic work in the final meetings.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124440677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414412
S. Elbedour
Abstract This paper attempts to establish a conceptual approach to the etiology of psychological trauma. The literature on the subject of the impact of trauma–particularly on the coherent sense of self and effective ego functioning–is reviewed. The case of a young victim of trauma is included to exemplify hew the disruption of social relationships and their internal cognitive representations, through abuse, exploitation, and other acts of unpredictable trauma, can interfere with the normal functioning of personality in the posttraumatic state until an appropriate therapeutic intervention or experience occurs. A construct for the psychotherapy treatment of trauma is suggested.
{"title":"Psychological trauma reconsidered: Overview and proposed psychotherapy for survivors","authors":"S. Elbedour","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414412","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper attempts to establish a conceptual approach to the etiology of psychological trauma. The literature on the subject of the impact of trauma–particularly on the coherent sense of self and effective ego functioning–is reviewed. The case of a young victim of trauma is included to exemplify hew the disruption of social relationships and their internal cognitive representations, through abuse, exploitation, and other acts of unpredictable trauma, can interfere with the normal functioning of personality in the posttraumatic state until an appropriate therapeutic intervention or experience occurs. A construct for the psychotherapy treatment of trauma is suggested.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129739947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414413
V. Thomas, P. Striegel, D. Dudley, J. Wilkins, Darlene Gibson
Abstract This study focuses on the comparison of individual variables of bereavement, depression, and stress with variables associated with the couple relationship, including cohesion, adaptability, communication, satisfaction, and partner support. In total, 24 couples completed self-report instruments within 2 weeks after a miscarriage. Mothers had significantly stronger grief reactions than fathers. Fathers and mothers perceived their relationships similarly as highly functional. Except for mothers' depression and their satisfaction with the couple relationship, the correlations between individual and relationship variables were rather weak. Implications of the results for family professionals are discussed.
{"title":"Parental grief of a perinatal loss: A comparison of individual and relationship variables","authors":"V. Thomas, P. Striegel, D. Dudley, J. Wilkins, Darlene Gibson","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414413","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study focuses on the comparison of individual variables of bereavement, depression, and stress with variables associated with the couple relationship, including cohesion, adaptability, communication, satisfaction, and partner support. In total, 24 couples completed self-report instruments within 2 weeks after a miscarriage. Mothers had significantly stronger grief reactions than fathers. Fathers and mothers perceived their relationships similarly as highly functional. Except for mothers' depression and their satisfaction with the couple relationship, the correlations between individual and relationship variables were rather weak. Implications of the results for family professionals are discussed.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132573956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449608414397
Shoshanah Maduff, Antonio Martinez
Abstract Posttraumatic stress syndrome, also called posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affects people who have experienced extremely traumatic events. Individuals who live with posttraumatic stress syndrome must continually overcome many obstacles to live their daily lives. The following is one woman's story of abuse, its after effects, and survival. By telling her story, I hope to make her suffering that much more meaningful. In addition, I wish to call attention to what goes on behind closed doors and explain what we can do about it.
{"title":"This century, this country: One survivor's story of posttraumatic stress syndrome","authors":"Shoshanah Maduff, Antonio Martinez","doi":"10.1080/10811449608414397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449608414397","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Posttraumatic stress syndrome, also called posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affects people who have experienced extremely traumatic events. Individuals who live with posttraumatic stress syndrome must continually overcome many obstacles to live their daily lives. The following is one woman's story of abuse, its after effects, and survival. By telling her story, I hope to make her suffering that much more meaningful. In addition, I wish to call attention to what goes on behind closed doors and explain what we can do about it.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115649980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449608414398
G. Alper
Abstract After recounting some personal life experiences that sensitized him to the kind of stigma that Erving Goffman systematically explored in his 1963 classic, Stigma, the author, who Is a psychoanalytic psychotherapist, introduces hit concept of the stigma of the self. Paradoxically, the stigma of the self may occur when a person is treated as merely normal, and as only a social self and when, a? a consequence, there does not seem to be any recognition of what D. W. Winnicott has termed the true self. Drawing on his studies of the self [in his recently published The Singles Scene: A Psychoanalytic Study of the Breakdown of Intimacy(Alper, 1995)] the author explores the dynamics of what he calls intimacy hunger, an unappreciated but powerful need that, especially after a sufficient period of deprivation has elapsed, cannot be satuifed by a purely social substitute.
{"title":"The stigma of the self","authors":"G. Alper","doi":"10.1080/10811449608414398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449608414398","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After recounting some personal life experiences that sensitized him to the kind of stigma that Erving Goffman systematically explored in his 1963 classic, Stigma, the author, who Is a psychoanalytic psychotherapist, introduces hit concept of the stigma of the self. Paradoxically, the stigma of the self may occur when a person is treated as merely normal, and as only a social self and when, a? a consequence, there does not seem to be any recognition of what D. W. Winnicott has termed the true self. Drawing on his studies of the self [in his recently published The Singles Scene: A Psychoanalytic Study of the Breakdown of Intimacy(Alper, 1995)] the author explores the dynamics of what he calls intimacy hunger, an unappreciated but powerful need that, especially after a sufficient period of deprivation has elapsed, cannot be satuifed by a purely social substitute.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132674104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449608414395
M. Barnes, J. Harvey, Heather Carlson, Jeffrey R. Haig
Abstract A study was conducted to investigate the differential emotional and coping responses of 41 older (M = 66.5 years) and 48 younger (M = 23.5 years) respondents who had recently lost a close loved one to death. Respondents completed a questionnaire in which they gave an account of the death of their loved one, information about how they coped with this loss, and responses concerning their emotions pertaining to the loss. As predicted, older respondents reported a higher degree of account-making (i.e., story-like constructions) about their losses and confiding in close others than did younger respondents. Further, older respondents showed fewer negative and more positive responses than younger respondents. These results were interpreted to suggest that older respondents were less acutely devastated by their losses and are consistent with the idea that
{"title":"The relativity of grief: Differential adaptation reactions of younger and older persons","authors":"M. Barnes, J. Harvey, Heather Carlson, Jeffrey R. Haig","doi":"10.1080/10811449608414395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449608414395","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A study was conducted to investigate the differential emotional and coping responses of 41 older (M = 66.5 years) and 48 younger (M = 23.5 years) respondents who had recently lost a close loved one to death. Respondents completed a questionnaire in which they gave an account of the death of their loved one, information about how they coped with this loss, and responses concerning their emotions pertaining to the loss. As predicted, older respondents reported a higher degree of account-making (i.e., story-like constructions) about their losses and confiding in close others than did younger respondents. Further, older respondents showed fewer negative and more positive responses than younger respondents. These results were interpreted to suggest that older respondents were less acutely devastated by their losses and are consistent with the idea that","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132723361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449608414393
S. Thompson
Abstract Although finding meaning and reestablishing a sense of control following a major loss are important contributors to successful coping, many individuals are unable to restore these adaptive assumptions. Five strategies for reestablishing meaning and control are identified, and it is proposed that the use of these strategies requires cognitive work, the ability to change views and try new perspectives, and flexibility in goal identification. This framework is used to understand why many people fail to find meaning and control following a serious loss. Characteristics of the situation that make it difficult to find meaning and control include the severity and type of the loss. Personal factors that block or impede the restoration of adaptive assumptions include an avoidant coping style, few opportunities to vent, the belief that positive interpretation involves self-delusion, a rigid belief system, and difficulty in disengaging from goals. Interventions to address these blockades and increase succes...
{"title":"Barriers to maintaining a sense of meaning and control in the face of loss","authors":"S. Thompson","doi":"10.1080/10811449608414393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449608414393","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although finding meaning and reestablishing a sense of control following a major loss are important contributors to successful coping, many individuals are unable to restore these adaptive assumptions. Five strategies for reestablishing meaning and control are identified, and it is proposed that the use of these strategies requires cognitive work, the ability to change views and try new perspectives, and flexibility in goal identification. This framework is used to understand why many people fail to find meaning and control following a serious loss. Characteristics of the situation that make it difficult to find meaning and control include the severity and type of the loss. Personal factors that block or impede the restoration of adaptive assumptions include an avoidant coping style, few opportunities to vent, the belief that positive interpretation involves self-delusion, a rigid belief system, and difficulty in disengaging from goals. Interventions to address these blockades and increase succes...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127505062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449608414394
Anmarie J. Widener
Abstract The loss of an unborn child, like the loss of a child through death, may cause both normal and pathological grief reactions. This paper explores the current research of psychological reactions following induced and spontaneous (miscarriage) abortions. Examples of studies wherein reserachers have, based their understanding of the experience on a loss model are provided. Possible reasons for the apparent inattention to grief reactions following this type of loss are explored. An alternative model based on loss and acknowledging social, political, and interpersonal stigmas is offered. Although these findings do not suggest that abortions should be made unavailable, they demonstrate a need for alertness to possible negative psychological sequelae as well as possible negative physical sequelae.
{"title":"Grief and mourning reactions following abortion and miscarriage","authors":"Anmarie J. Widener","doi":"10.1080/10811449608414394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449608414394","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The loss of an unborn child, like the loss of a child through death, may cause both normal and pathological grief reactions. This paper explores the current research of psychological reactions following induced and spontaneous (miscarriage) abortions. Examples of studies wherein reserachers have, based their understanding of the experience on a loss model are provided. Possible reasons for the apparent inattention to grief reactions following this type of loss are explored. An alternative model based on loss and acknowledging social, political, and interpersonal stigmas is offered. Although these findings do not suggest that abortions should be made unavailable, they demonstrate a need for alertness to possible negative psychological sequelae as well as possible negative physical sequelae.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123701254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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