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An Attempt to Clarify the Concept of Rational Suicide: A Commentary on Lokhandwala and Westefeld. 试图厘清理性自杀的概念:评洛克汉瓦拉和韦斯特菲尔德。
Pub Date : 1998-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414439
J. Werth
Abstract In this commentary on Lokhandwala and Westefeld's provocative article, I provide alternative perspectives to several of their points. Specifically, I review what I believe to be some of the meta-issues involved, examine a few of the particular points raised by the authors, and then discuss concerns with the research often cited to question the possibility of rational suicide.
在这篇对Lokhandwala和Westefeld的挑衅性文章的评论中,我对他们的几个观点提供了不同的观点。具体来说,我回顾了我认为涉及的一些元问题,检查了作者提出的一些特别的观点,然后讨论了经常被引用来质疑理性自杀可能性的研究。
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引用次数: 1
Learning to care even when there is no cure: Reflections from a student physician on healing those near death 即使无药可救,也要学会关怀:一位实习医师关于治愈濒死之人的思考
Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15325029708415514
A. A. Newell
Abstract Although death is a natural part of living, many peoplefear death. Physiciam often feel uncomfortable when a patient is dying and they can offer nothing of a curative or technical nature. Medical education perpetuates this attitude: We spend much more time and learn to be much more comfortable discussing what pathological processes cause a person to die than we do discussing how we feel about their death, how they felt as they were dying, or what the death may mean to their loved ones. Medical students report that the topics of dying and bereavement cause them much worry; little time, however, is devoted to these topics in medical education. Doctors receive limited training in learning to communicate easily with patients and inadequate education in care ofthe dying, and they may be poorily equipped to deal with death and dying. This article examines national trends in medical education on death-and-dying-related topics and advocates greater emphiasis on these topics and exposure to caring for dyi...
虽然死亡是生活中很自然的一部分,但许多人还是害怕死亡。当病人濒临死亡时,医生往往会感到不舒服,他们无法提供任何治疗或技术上的帮助。医学教育延续了这种态度:我们花了更多的时间,并学会了更自在地讨论导致一个人死亡的病理过程,而不是讨论我们对他们死亡的感受,他们在死亡时的感受,或者死亡对他们所爱的人意味着什么。医学生报告说,死亡和丧亲之痛的话题让他们非常担心;然而,在医学教育中,很少有时间专门讨论这些主题。医生在学习如何与病人轻松沟通方面接受的培训有限,在护理临终者方面接受的教育也不足,他们在处理死亡和临终时可能装备不足。这篇文章探讨了全国医学教育中与死亡和临终相关主题的趋势,并提倡更加重视这些主题和接触临终关怀。
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引用次数: 0
Anticipatory grief and postdeath adjustment 预期悲伤和死后调整
Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15325029708415512
M. Marshall, S. J. Catanzaro, D. Lamb
Abstract College students (N = 224) described their adjustment to the death of a signaficant other and identified whether they had anticipated the death for I week or longer (anticipation group) or less than I week (unanticipated comparison group). The anticipation group reported better postdeath adjustment than the comparison group in terms of occurrence and frequency of grief-related symptoms, acceptance of the death, and perceived helpfulness and harmfulness of anticipation. Within the anticipation group, length of anticipation appeared to have little relationship to postdeath adjustment. While reported social support was unrelated to the apparent benefit of anticipation, the age ofthe person who had died was significantly associated with both anticipation and postdeath adjustment.
大学生(N = 224)描述了他们对重要伴侣死亡的适应情况,并确定了他们对死亡的预期是一周或更长时间(预期组)还是少于一周(未预期对照组)。在悲伤相关症状的发生和频率、对死亡的接受程度以及预期的有益和有害的感知方面,预期组报告的死亡后适应优于对照组。在预期组中,预期的长度似乎与死后适应关系不大。虽然报告的社会支持与预期的明显好处无关,但死者的年龄与预期和死后适应都有显著关系。
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引用次数: 1
Between the candy store and the mall: The spiritual loss of a father 在糖果店和商场之间:精神上失去父亲
Pub Date : 1997-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/15325029708415516
Leigh Berger
Abstract This article is an ethnographic narrative detailing the emotional loss experienced when a father becomes mentally ill. Using an introspective method, it is witten to expose the myriad of complex feelings experienced by those who deal with the mental illness of a parent. Written in a creative writing style, the article offers an alternative voice in the examination of pawerful, complicated emotions. Among other things, this article deals with stigma, divorce, and the symbolic (spiritual) loss of a parent. It is hoped that this article provides a new way of studying and understanding the experience of mental illness and its meaning for family members.
这篇文章是一篇民族志叙事,详细描述了一位父亲患上精神疾病时所经历的情感损失。这本书采用了一种内省的方法,揭示了那些与父母的精神疾病打交道的人所经历的无数复杂的感受。这篇文章以一种创造性的写作风格撰写,为审视强大而复杂的情感提供了另一种声音。除此之外,这篇文章还涉及到耻辱、离婚和象征性的(精神上的)失去父母。希望本文能为研究和理解精神疾病的经历及其对家庭成员的意义提供一种新的途径。
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引用次数: 3
Grieving in silence: The loss of companion animals in modern society 沉默中的悲伤:现代社会中伴侣动物的缺失
Pub Date : 1997-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414419
P. Morales
Abstract This article examines the mourning of deceased pets in our society by adults. This behavior is generally unrecognized and, when it is recognized, considered an undesirable phenomenon. Individuals who grieve for their pets are either forced to conform to societal expectations or experience isolation as a result of their attachment to their nonhuman companions. There are an estimated 52.36 million dogs and 54.83 million cats are kept as pets in the United States (American Veterinarian Medical Association, 1988). Their owners experience both joys and sorrows from living with and loving their pets. The death of a pet is often devoid of rituals, with no accepted practices to facilitate the working through of grief. The bereaved owner receives little sympathy and support from others. This lack of support often impairs the resolution of grief and isolates the grieving owner.
摘要:本文考察了我国社会中成年人对死去宠物的哀悼。这种行为通常是不被认识到的,即使被认识到,也被认为是一种不良现象。为宠物悲伤的人要么被迫遵守社会期望,要么因为对它们的非人类同伴的依恋而感到孤立。据估计,在美国有5236万只狗和5483万只猫作为宠物饲养(美国兽医协会,1988年)。他们的主人在与宠物生活和爱宠物的过程中经历了快乐和悲伤。宠物的死亡通常缺乏仪式,没有公认的做法来促进悲伤的工作。失去亲人的主人很少得到别人的同情和支持。这种支持的缺乏往往会影响悲伤的解决,并使悲伤的主人孤立。
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引用次数: 10
Angry, weeping women? group treatment for depression 愤怒哭泣的女人?抑郁症的群体治疗
Pub Date : 1997-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414418
Denise Twohey, Gayle M. Robbins
Abstract This article describes three separate therapy groups for depressed women conducted over a 10-year time period. Through observation and analysis of letters, transcripts, and case notes from the three short-term therapy groups, the authors identify and summarize therapeutic concerns. Concerns include fears about associating with other people who are depressed, difficulty with managing anger and competition, problems with various transitions (i.e., ending relationships, changing life circumstances, or altering career plans), and coping with loss. These therapeutic concerns are analyzed in a reflexive manner to highlight social constructionist, feminist thought. Feminist thinking is compared with more traditional conceptualizations of women and depression throughout the text.
摘要:本文描述了在10年的时间里对抑郁症妇女进行的三个独立的治疗组。通过对三个短期治疗组的信件、笔录和病例记录的观察和分析,作者确定并总结了治疗问题。担忧包括害怕与其他抑郁的人交往,难以控制愤怒和竞争,各种过渡问题(即结束关系,改变生活环境或改变职业计划),以及应对损失。以反身的方式分析这些治疗问题,突出社会建构主义、女性主义思想。在整篇文章中,女权主义思想与更传统的女性和抑郁概念进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Young widowhood: A life change journey 年轻的寡妇:改变人生的旅程
Pub Date : 1997-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414422
Deborah S. Levinson
Abstract Women between the ages of 35 and 54 experience adjustment to widowhood differently from older widows. There are approximately 1 million new widows in the United States each year; 73,000 are between the ages of 35 and 54. An investigative study of 15 younger widows showed an emerging pattern of life change transition of which mourning is a significant but minor part of the process. This article describes the resulting model of a young widow's transition process.
35 ~ 54岁女性丧偶适应的经历与老年丧偶不同。美国每年大约有100万新寡妇;73000人年龄在35岁到54岁之间。一项对15名年轻寡妇的调查研究表明,一种新的生活变化过渡模式正在出现,其中哀悼是这一过程中重要但次要的部分。这篇文章描述了一个年轻寡妇的过渡过程的最终模型。
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引用次数: 8
A Home of Her Own: (Writing) a Family Story of Separation and Second Chances 她自己的家:(写作)一个家庭故事的分离和第二次机会
Pub Date : 1997-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414423
Lisa M. Tillmann-healy
Abstract On March 16, 1996, the author interviewed her mother, Beth Tillmann, about Beth's parents' divorce and her life as a foster child. From detailed notes taken during this phone conversation and from family stories told to the author throughout tier life, the author constructed a narrative titled “A Home of Her Own” Its structure and tone mimic the way her mother speaks about the dissolution of her family of origin and her attachments to and separations from those who tried to lielp her rebuild a sense of home. After the story is a discussion of what narrative representations of loss offer the writer, the subject, and the reader.
1996年3月16日,作者采访了她的母亲Beth Tillmann,讲述了Beth父母的离婚和她作为养子的生活。根据这次电话交谈的详细记录,以及作者一生中听到的家庭故事,作者构建了一个名为“她自己的家”的叙事,其结构和语气模仿了她母亲讲述她原生家庭的解体,以及她对那些试图帮助她重建家的人的依恋和分离。故事结束后,讨论的是对失落的叙述呈现给作者、主题和读者带来了什么。
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引用次数: 0
Lucy's Dividing Family: My Discovery of the Person in the Subject. 露西分裂的家庭:我对主体中人的发现。
Pub Date : 1997-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414421
Pam L. Secklin
Abstract This essay is excerpted from a larger project the author conducted with adolescent and preadolescent children of divorce. It tells the personal story of the author's first interview experience with her first participant in this project, here called Lucy. At the time of the interview, she was 11 years old and her parents had been divorced for 3 years. In the effort to engage the reader as an outside interpreter of her story, this essay invites the reader in, to the “raw data” of Lucy's experiences, as described in her words. Presented here in dialogue are the two voices of participant and researcher, as well as researcher reflections and recollections of this memorable experience.
本文节选自作者对离婚家庭的青春期和青春期前儿童进行的一个更大的项目。它讲述了作者与她在这个项目中的第一个参与者露西的第一次采访经历的个人故事。在接受采访时,她11岁,父母已经离婚3年了。为了吸引读者作为她的故事的外部解释者,这篇文章邀请读者进入露西的经历的“原始数据”,正如她所说的那样。在对话中呈现的是参与者和研究者的两种声音,以及研究者对这一难忘经历的反思和回忆。
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引用次数: 1
Coping with recurrent loss in mental illness: Unique aspects of clubhouse communities 应对精神疾病的复发性损失:俱乐部社区的独特方面
Pub Date : 1997-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414417
Cathaleene Macias, Charles F. Rodican
Abstract Fountain House, in New York City, is a psychosocial program for adults with serious mental illnesses that has operated continuously for nearly 50 years. The majority of members of this “Clubhouse” program have diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depression, but membership is open to any individual whose life and functioning have been continuously or repeatedly disrupted by brain dysfunction or psychiatric symptomatology. This article presents one Clubhouse members personal account of loss, failure, and the recovery of individual dignity and purpose. Key experiences within this very individualized account are identified as exemplars of Clubhouse rehabilitation and interpreted in the context of current psychological theory.
位于纽约市的喷泉之家是一个为患有严重精神疾病的成年人提供心理社会服务的项目,已经持续运营了近50年。这个“俱乐部”项目的大多数成员都被诊断患有精神分裂症、双相情感障碍或重度抑郁症,但任何因大脑功能障碍或精神症状而生活和功能持续或反复中断的个人都可以成为会员。这篇文章提出了一个俱乐部成员的个人帐户的损失,失败,和恢复个人尊严和目的。在这个非常个性化的帐户中的关键经验被确定为俱乐部康复的范例,并在当前心理学理论的背景下进行解释。
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引用次数: 21
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Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss
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