Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-488-493
R. Safiullin, E. Kryuchkova, B. G. Abalikhin, E. Sokolov
The purpose of the research is to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy against gastrointestinal Strongylata infections of cattle and to give an economic justification for their use in Yaroslavl calves.Materials and methods. The studies were performed on the Ivanovo Region farms in 2018–2020. To determine the helminth infection in cattle, 604 animals undergone a coprological survey. The faeces were examined by the Fülleborn and Berman- Orlov methods. To determine the therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintics, 4 groups of animals spontaneously infected with Nematodirus sp. were formed. The first group of calves was dewormed with a drug containing 20% albendazole. The second group of animals received a drug containing eprinomectin, and the third, a combined anthelmintic containing praziquantel and ivermectin. The fourth group of calves was dewormed with an ivermectin containing drug. Results and discussion. On the Ivanovo Region farms, nematodirosis was recorded in the calves aged 6–12 months; the infection prevalence was 75.3% with an average intensity of 31.04±0.77 egg specimens in 1 g of faeces. The diets for calves on all of the farms were approximately the same; the average daily weight gain of the calves was 251.10±0.54 g. Drugs with the active substance of 20 % albendazole, eprinomectin, praziquantel + ivermectin, and ivermectin showed 100% extenseeffectiveness and intense-effectiveness. The release of the calves from Nematodirus spp. allowed to increase the average daily gain in the body weight of the Yaroslavl calves to 650±0.40 g. The applied anthelmintics showed an economic efficacy of RUB 12.7-13.1 for RUB 1 of costs.
{"title":"Experience in the control of nematodirosis of calves on the Ivanovo Region farms and the economic justification of anthelmintics","authors":"R. Safiullin, E. Kryuchkova, B. G. Abalikhin, E. Sokolov","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-488-493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-488-493","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy against gastrointestinal Strongylata infections of cattle and to give an economic justification for their use in Yaroslavl calves.Materials and methods. The studies were performed on the Ivanovo Region farms in 2018–2020. To determine the helminth infection in cattle, 604 animals undergone a coprological survey. The faeces were examined by the Fülleborn and Berman- Orlov methods. To determine the therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintics, 4 groups of animals spontaneously infected with Nematodirus sp. were formed. The first group of calves was dewormed with a drug containing 20% albendazole. The second group of animals received a drug containing eprinomectin, and the third, a combined anthelmintic containing praziquantel and ivermectin. The fourth group of calves was dewormed with an ivermectin containing drug. Results and discussion. On the Ivanovo Region farms, nematodirosis was recorded in the calves aged 6–12 months; the infection prevalence was 75.3% with an average intensity of 31.04±0.77 egg specimens in 1 g of faeces. The diets for calves on all of the farms were approximately the same; the average daily weight gain of the calves was 251.10±0.54 g. Drugs with the active substance of 20 % albendazole, eprinomectin, praziquantel + ivermectin, and ivermectin showed 100% extenseeffectiveness and intense-effectiveness. The release of the calves from Nematodirus spp. allowed to increase the average daily gain in the body weight of the Yaroslavl calves to 650±0.40 g. The applied anthelmintics showed an economic efficacy of RUB 12.7-13.1 for RUB 1 of costs.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41673695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-475-482
L. Kokolova, L. Gavrilieva, S. Sleptsova
The purpose of the research is to study the spread of parasitic diseases that cause pathologies in horses and to evaluate the effectiveness of deworming with a feed and drug mixture that contains an effective anthelmintic and mineral supplement.Materials and methods. Seasonal and age helminth infection dynamics in young horses was studied by coproovoscopic and larvoscopic examinations monthly. A total of 50 foals were studied, namely, 20 foals aged under one year, 15 foals aged up to two years, and 15 foals aged up to three years. Infection prevalence and intensity in the horses was determined by the complete helminthological dissection of the gastrointestinal tract per K. I. Skrjabin. The detected helminths were fixed in 70% alcohol.Results and discussion. The most common Strongylata species were Alfortia edentatus, Delafondia vulgaris, Strongylus equinus and numerous species of Trichonematidae. The studied foals were showed the maximum prevalence of the S. equinus infection of 80% in November, and the minimum, 35.7% in August; the A. edentatus infection was 78.6 % in January, and 46.6% in November, respectively. The D. vulgaris infection peak of up to 86.6% was recorded in November-December, and the minimum, up to 66.6% in March. The foals were infected with Trichonematidae throughout the year.
{"title":"Parasitic diseases prevention in herd horses in Yakutia","authors":"L. Kokolova, L. Gavrilieva, S. Sleptsova","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-475-482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-475-482","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to study the spread of parasitic diseases that cause pathologies in horses and to evaluate the effectiveness of deworming with a feed and drug mixture that contains an effective anthelmintic and mineral supplement.Materials and methods. Seasonal and age helminth infection dynamics in young horses was studied by coproovoscopic and larvoscopic examinations monthly. A total of 50 foals were studied, namely, 20 foals aged under one year, 15 foals aged up to two years, and 15 foals aged up to three years. Infection prevalence and intensity in the horses was determined by the complete helminthological dissection of the gastrointestinal tract per K. I. Skrjabin. The detected helminths were fixed in 70% alcohol.Results and discussion. The most common Strongylata species were Alfortia edentatus, Delafondia vulgaris, Strongylus equinus and numerous species of Trichonematidae. The studied foals were showed the maximum prevalence of the S. equinus infection of 80% in November, and the minimum, 35.7% in August; the A. edentatus infection was 78.6 % in January, and 46.6% in November, respectively. The D. vulgaris infection peak of up to 86.6% was recorded in November-December, and the minimum, up to 66.6% in March. The foals were infected with Trichonematidae throughout the year.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44269494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-483-487
M. Musaev, N. B. Emelyanova
The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for Equiverm-2.0% paste used against equine parasite infections.The methodology provides a brief description of Equiverm-2.0%, mechanism of its action, pharmaco-toxicological properties, application, slaughter terms, and personal safety measures. Equiverm-2.0% antiparasitic paste consists of the active ingredient, ivermectin, and excipients; it is a light cream-coloured paste with a slight pine odor and sweetish taste. The drug is administered orally at a therapeutic dose of 0.2 mg/kg for the active substance. One gram of paste is equal to 1 mL in volume with 20 mg of ivermectin. Ivermectin in Equiverm-2.0% paste is in a dissolved form, and forms an intermolecular complex. The antiparasitic paste is packaged in disposable polyethylene syringe dispensers of 5 or 10 mL, respectively, 4 to 8 g each, per treated horse weighing 400-800 kg. When administered orally, the paste spreads in the oral cavity and the animal eats it with pleasure due to its sweetish taste. The drug is recommended for registration in the Russian Federation.
{"title":"Methodology for the use of Equiverm-2.0% against equine parasite infections","authors":"M. Musaev, N. B. Emelyanova","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-483-487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-483-487","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for Equiverm-2.0% paste used against equine parasite infections.The methodology provides a brief description of Equiverm-2.0%, mechanism of its action, pharmaco-toxicological properties, application, slaughter terms, and personal safety measures. Equiverm-2.0% antiparasitic paste consists of the active ingredient, ivermectin, and excipients; it is a light cream-coloured paste with a slight pine odor and sweetish taste. The drug is administered orally at a therapeutic dose of 0.2 mg/kg for the active substance. One gram of paste is equal to 1 mL in volume with 20 mg of ivermectin. Ivermectin in Equiverm-2.0% paste is in a dissolved form, and forms an intermolecular complex. The antiparasitic paste is packaged in disposable polyethylene syringe dispensers of 5 or 10 mL, respectively, 4 to 8 g each, per treated horse weighing 400-800 kg. When administered orally, the paste spreads in the oral cavity and the animal eats it with pleasure due to its sweetish taste. The drug is recommended for registration in the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47881174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-494-503
A. Shabunin, A. A. Karpov, V. Bedin, M. Tavobilov, S. S. Lebedev, I. O. Tin’kova, D. S. Ozerova, M. Aladin, F. Alieva, G. S. Mikhailyantc, A. Lukin
The purpose of the research is the study of the morphological structure of echinococcal cysts to assess the possibility of using organ-preserving methods of surgical treatment.Materials and methods. A clinical, instrumental, and morphological fundamental study was performed in the Surgical Clinic of the Botkin Hospital when radiation and morphological data in addition to clinical data were studied for 28 patients who underwent surgical treatment for liver echinococcosis. Excised gross specimens were examined to study the capsule structure, and the penetration of germinal elements of the cysts through membranes of the parasite (64 successively excised primary operated echinococcal cysts).Results and discussion. The fibrous capsule of the echinococcal cyst is a good barrier against Protoscolexes penetrating into the liver tissue. None of the 64 specimens studied in detail was found to have germinal elements of any echinococcal cyst penetrating through its fibrous capsule. The morphological justification of organ-preserving methods in the treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis allows a conclusion that these interventions are safe and radical.
{"title":"Morphological justification of organ-preserving methods of surgical treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis","authors":"A. Shabunin, A. A. Karpov, V. Bedin, M. Tavobilov, S. S. Lebedev, I. O. Tin’kova, D. S. Ozerova, M. Aladin, F. Alieva, G. S. Mikhailyantc, A. Lukin","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-494-503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-494-503","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is the study of the morphological structure of echinococcal cysts to assess the possibility of using organ-preserving methods of surgical treatment.Materials and methods. A clinical, instrumental, and morphological fundamental study was performed in the Surgical Clinic of the Botkin Hospital when radiation and morphological data in addition to clinical data were studied for 28 patients who underwent surgical treatment for liver echinococcosis. Excised gross specimens were examined to study the capsule structure, and the penetration of germinal elements of the cysts through membranes of the parasite (64 successively excised primary operated echinococcal cysts).Results and discussion. The fibrous capsule of the echinococcal cyst is a good barrier against Protoscolexes penetrating into the liver tissue. None of the 64 specimens studied in detail was found to have germinal elements of any echinococcal cyst penetrating through its fibrous capsule. The morphological justification of organ-preserving methods in the treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis allows a conclusion that these interventions are safe and radical.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46629810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-468-474
S. Engashev, E. Engasheva, V. Kolesnikov, B. Bagamaev, R. J. Ustarov
The purpose of the research is to study persistent activity and therapeutic efficacy of Delcid® 7.5 against scab mites Psoroptes ovis in sheep.Materials and methods. The studies were performed in the Bukhty peasant farm enterprise in November 2021 on the Kizlyarsky District winter pastures in the Republic of Dagestan. Three groups of sheep were formed, of which two groups (second and third) had a confirmed clinical diagnosis of psoroptic mange (P. ovis) and one group (first) was free from scab mites. Sheep from the first and second groups were treated with Delcid at a dose of 10 ml of the drug per animal. After 10 days, sheep from the second group were treated with the drug repeatedly at the same dose. Sheep from the first and second groups were treated with the drug applied on dry and intact skin of the back along the spine using the drop method. The third control (infected) group of animals was not treated. All experimental groups of sheep were kept in a common flock. The Delcid persistent activity and thera-peutic efficacy were evaluated by clinical examination and microscopy of the skin for P. ovis mites before the experiment started and at 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 25 and 30 days after treatment in the first group and at 1, 3, 7, 11, 13, 17, 20, 24, 31, 35 and 40 days in the second and third groups of sheep.Results and discussion. It was found that Delcid 7.5 showed persistent activity in sheep against psoroptic mange pathogens for 21 days after a single treatment at a dose of 10 ml per animal. Delcid acaricidal effect after double treatment against P. ovis was 31 days.
{"title":"Persistent activity and therapeutic efficacy of Delcid® 7.5 against scab mites (Psoroptes ovis) in sheep","authors":"S. Engashev, E. Engasheva, V. Kolesnikov, B. Bagamaev, R. J. Ustarov","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-468-474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-468-474","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to study persistent activity and therapeutic efficacy of Delcid® 7.5 against scab mites Psoroptes ovis in sheep.Materials and methods. The studies were performed in the Bukhty peasant farm enterprise in November 2021 on the Kizlyarsky District winter pastures in the Republic of Dagestan. Three groups of sheep were formed, of which two groups (second and third) had a confirmed clinical diagnosis of psoroptic mange (P. ovis) and one group (first) was free from scab mites. Sheep from the first and second groups were treated with Delcid at a dose of 10 ml of the drug per animal. After 10 days, sheep from the second group were treated with the drug repeatedly at the same dose. Sheep from the first and second groups were treated with the drug applied on dry and intact skin of the back along the spine using the drop method. The third control (infected) group of animals was not treated. All experimental groups of sheep were kept in a common flock. The Delcid persistent activity and thera-peutic efficacy were evaluated by clinical examination and microscopy of the skin for P. ovis mites before the experiment started and at 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 25 and 30 days after treatment in the first group and at 1, 3, 7, 11, 13, 17, 20, 24, 31, 35 and 40 days in the second and third groups of sheep.Results and discussion. It was found that Delcid 7.5 showed persistent activity in sheep against psoroptic mange pathogens for 21 days after a single treatment at a dose of 10 ml per animal. Delcid acaricidal effect after double treatment against P. ovis was 31 days.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48966992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-389-402
K. Krutko, A. Kinareikina, M. I. Serkova, E. Silivanova, O. A. Fedorova
The purpose of the research is to test blood-sucking dipterans collected in the Tyumen Region for genetic material of viruses that cause dangerous diseases in live-stock animals.Materials and methods. From May to October 2021, blood-sucking insects of the Diptera order whose species membership was established by tabular keys were collected on pastures and farms in ten Tyumen Region districts. In 60 samples formed from the captured insects according to the taxonomic affiliation and the period and place of collection, the presence of genetic material of the leukemia provirus and the dermatitis nodularis virus of cattle (bovine) and the African swine fever virus was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real time.Results and discussion. Adult insects collected for the PCR analysis were blood-sucking flies (family Muscidae, genus Stomoxys), mosquitoes (family Culicidae, genus Aedes), midges (family Simuliidae, genera Byssodon and Schoenbaueria), horseflies (family Tabanidae, genera Hybomitra, Tabanus and Haematopota), and biting midges (family Ceratopogonidae, genus Culicoides). As a result of the PCR testing of the samples for the bovine leukemia provirus DNA, 1 out of 13 samples of Stomoxys spp. (7.7%) and 1 of 13 samples of Hybomitra spp. (7.7%) were positive. The bovine leukemia provirus DNA detected in blood-sucking insects indicates the presence of this pathogen in the insect collection area as well as their possible involvement in its spread. Further research is needed on the Stomoxys spp. and Hybomitra spp. vector competence in vivo, considering natural and climatic features of the Tyumen Region.
{"title":"Detection of genetic material of causative agents of animal viral diseases in blood-sucking dipterans from the Tyumen Region","authors":"K. Krutko, A. Kinareikina, M. I. Serkova, E. Silivanova, O. A. Fedorova","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-389-402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-389-402","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to test blood-sucking dipterans collected in the Tyumen Region for genetic material of viruses that cause dangerous diseases in live-stock animals.Materials and methods. From May to October 2021, blood-sucking insects of the Diptera order whose species membership was established by tabular keys were collected on pastures and farms in ten Tyumen Region districts. In 60 samples formed from the captured insects according to the taxonomic affiliation and the period and place of collection, the presence of genetic material of the leukemia provirus and the dermatitis nodularis virus of cattle (bovine) and the African swine fever virus was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real time.Results and discussion. Adult insects collected for the PCR analysis were blood-sucking flies (family Muscidae, genus Stomoxys), mosquitoes (family Culicidae, genus Aedes), midges (family Simuliidae, genera Byssodon and Schoenbaueria), horseflies (family Tabanidae, genera Hybomitra, Tabanus and Haematopota), and biting midges (family Ceratopogonidae, genus Culicoides). As a result of the PCR testing of the samples for the bovine leukemia provirus DNA, 1 out of 13 samples of Stomoxys spp. (7.7%) and 1 of 13 samples of Hybomitra spp. (7.7%) were positive. The bovine leukemia provirus DNA detected in blood-sucking insects indicates the presence of this pathogen in the insect collection area as well as their possible involvement in its spread. Further research is needed on the Stomoxys spp. and Hybomitra spp. vector competence in vivo, considering natural and climatic features of the Tyumen Region.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45933817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-457-467
T. Gerunov, V. Dorozhkin, L. Gerunova, M. N. Gonochova, Yana O. Kryuchek, A. A. Tarasenko, E. Chigrinski
The purpose of the research is the analysis of the range of antiparasitic drugs for pig breeding as registered in the Russian Federation and included in the State Register of Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use.The control of parasitic diseases is an essential element of veterinary support for animal husbandry, and its constituent part is the use of antiparasitic drugs. The State Register contains more than three hundred drugs to control parasitic infections of animals of various species. Forty-eight drugs are allowed for use in pig breeding. The analysis of drug compositions found that they contained a limited list of compounds as active substances. For example, 17 antiparasitic drugs contained compounds of the avermectin class as active substances (12 of them had ivermectin as the active substance); 8 drugs against endoparasites contained albendazole in their composition. At the same time, the composition of combined drugs lack distinction and is a combination of two or more active substances produced in mono-preparations. To prevent the resistance in parasites, it is advisable to use a minimum required list of drugs which allows the availability of a reserve for drug rotation in the future. Simultaneous or sequential use of different drugs (including insectoacaricides based on neonicotinoids or synthetic pyrethroids to treat premises in the presence of animals) complicates the assessment of the individual drug effect on animal health and can induce immunological stress, which creates favorable conditions for infectious diseases including opportunistic infections.
{"title":"Analysis of the range of drugs registered in the Russian Federation to control parasitic infections in pigs","authors":"T. Gerunov, V. Dorozhkin, L. Gerunova, M. N. Gonochova, Yana O. Kryuchek, A. A. Tarasenko, E. Chigrinski","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-457-467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-457-467","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is the analysis of the range of antiparasitic drugs for pig breeding as registered in the Russian Federation and included in the State Register of Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use.The control of parasitic diseases is an essential element of veterinary support for animal husbandry, and its constituent part is the use of antiparasitic drugs. The State Register contains more than three hundred drugs to control parasitic infections of animals of various species. Forty-eight drugs are allowed for use in pig breeding. The analysis of drug compositions found that they contained a limited list of compounds as active substances. For example, 17 antiparasitic drugs contained compounds of the avermectin class as active substances (12 of them had ivermectin as the active substance); 8 drugs against endoparasites contained albendazole in their composition. At the same time, the composition of combined drugs lack distinction and is a combination of two or more active substances produced in mono-preparations. To prevent the resistance in parasites, it is advisable to use a minimum required list of drugs which allows the availability of a reserve for drug rotation in the future. Simultaneous or sequential use of different drugs (including insectoacaricides based on neonicotinoids or synthetic pyrethroids to treat premises in the presence of animals) complicates the assessment of the individual drug effect on animal health and can induce immunological stress, which creates favorable conditions for infectious diseases including opportunistic infections.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42324115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-432-438
A. A. Smirnov, V. O. Bondarenko, N. Soboleva, O. A. Makhlis, A. S. Chagin
The purpose of the research is to study Praziquantel and Moxidectin pharmacokinetics in dogs after Helmimax administration.Materials and methods. Helmimax pharmacokinetics was studied on 8 adult male dogs of different breeds aged 2 to 5 years and weighing 15–35 kg. Helmimax was administered orally in the fasted state with a small amount of feed at a dose of 5 mg/kg for Praziquantel and 0.25 mg/kg for Moxidectin at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight. Blood was sampled at various periods after the administration. The collected blood underwent sample processing: formed element and protein precipitation, solid-phase extraction, and microfiltration. The active components were analyzed and detected by the HPLC-MS/MS. Active substances in the blood plasma were determined according to the developed technique which had been validated. The device was calibrated before the measurement.Results and discussion. As a result of the studies, the Praziquantel and Moxidectin pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The maximum concentration was 0.240 and 0.130 μg/mL, the time-to-peak concentration was 2.15 and 1.48 hours, and the elimination half-life was 8.41 and 3.61 hours for Moxidectin and Praziquantel, respectively.
{"title":"Praziquantel and Moxidectin pharmacokinetics in dogs after Helmimax administration","authors":"A. A. Smirnov, V. O. Bondarenko, N. Soboleva, O. A. Makhlis, A. S. Chagin","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-432-438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-432-438","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to study Praziquantel and Moxidectin pharmacokinetics in dogs after Helmimax administration.Materials and methods. Helmimax pharmacokinetics was studied on 8 adult male dogs of different breeds aged 2 to 5 years and weighing 15–35 kg. Helmimax was administered orally in the fasted state with a small amount of feed at a dose of 5 mg/kg for Praziquantel and 0.25 mg/kg for Moxidectin at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight. Blood was sampled at various periods after the administration. The collected blood underwent sample processing: formed element and protein precipitation, solid-phase extraction, and microfiltration. The active components were analyzed and detected by the HPLC-MS/MS. Active substances in the blood plasma were determined according to the developed technique which had been validated. The device was calibrated before the measurement.Results and discussion. As a result of the studies, the Praziquantel and Moxidectin pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The maximum concentration was 0.240 and 0.130 μg/mL, the time-to-peak concentration was 2.15 and 1.48 hours, and the elimination half-life was 8.41 and 3.61 hours for Moxidectin and Praziquantel, respectively.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42632135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-403-410
S. A. Bolyahina, E. A. Efremova, E. Nivin
The purpose of the research is to study dynamics of the peripheral blood cell composition during experimental infection of hens with Trichinella pseudospiralis.Materials and methods. . Two groups were formed according to the principle of analogues, experimental and control, of 10 and 6 laying hens, respectively. The experimental birds were weighed, and the isolate of T. pseudospiralis larvae was administered intragastrically at a dose of 2 sp./g of body weight (4000 thousand larvae per bird). Blood samples were taken from the axillary vein before and at days 4, 7, 11, 14, 18, 28, 35, 43, 53, and 61 after the infection. Hematological parameters (total number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, and hemoglobin concentration) were determined by established laboratory methods with subsequent calculation of the leukogram.Results and discussion. It has been established that trichinellosis in the hens caused by parasitism of non-encapsulated Trichinella spp. species does not affect the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in infected birds. Indicators of the Trichinella-associated process are cells in the granulocytic series, eosinophils. The onset of the body's reaction to the infection as expressed by eosinopenia was detected at day 7 after the infection. An increase in the relative content of basophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes was recorded in the hens’ blood from day 18; such parameters reached their maximum values on days 25 and 35, that corresponds to the migratory and muscular stages of the Trichinella-associated process. A relative and absolute quantitative decrease in these groups of cells was subsequently detected in the hens’ blood; however, these values were higher than the control non-infected hens during the entire follow-up (61 days). The dynamics of eosinophils and basophils circulating in the hens’ blood was due to the Trichinella-associated process staging and confirms the predominance of an allergic reaction in the nature of such disease.
{"title":"The influence of Trichinella spp. infection on hematological parameters of hens","authors":"S. A. Bolyahina, E. A. Efremova, E. Nivin","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-403-410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-403-410","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to study dynamics of the peripheral blood cell composition during experimental infection of hens with Trichinella pseudospiralis.Materials and methods. . Two groups were formed according to the principle of analogues, experimental and control, of 10 and 6 laying hens, respectively. The experimental birds were weighed, and the isolate of T. pseudospiralis larvae was administered intragastrically at a dose of 2 sp./g of body weight (4000 thousand larvae per bird). Blood samples were taken from the axillary vein before and at days 4, 7, 11, 14, 18, 28, 35, 43, 53, and 61 after the infection. Hematological parameters (total number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, and hemoglobin concentration) were determined by established laboratory methods with subsequent calculation of the leukogram.Results and discussion. It has been established that trichinellosis in the hens caused by parasitism of non-encapsulated Trichinella spp. species does not affect the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in infected birds. Indicators of the Trichinella-associated process are cells in the granulocytic series, eosinophils. The onset of the body's reaction to the infection as expressed by eosinopenia was detected at day 7 after the infection. An increase in the relative content of basophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes was recorded in the hens’ blood from day 18; such parameters reached their maximum values on days 25 and 35, that corresponds to the migratory and muscular stages of the Trichinella-associated process. A relative and absolute quantitative decrease in these groups of cells was subsequently detected in the hens’ blood; however, these values were higher than the control non-infected hens during the entire follow-up (61 days). The dynamics of eosinophils and basophils circulating in the hens’ blood was due to the Trichinella-associated process staging and confirms the predominance of an allergic reaction in the nature of such disease.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49265090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-421-431
A. Butenko, V. Orobets, I. Kireev
The purpose of the research is the study of pharmaco-toxicological properties of the Ornidazole- and Levamisole hydrochloride-based drug.Materials and methods. The pharmaco-toxicological properties of the Ornidazole- and Levamisole hydrochloride-based drug were studied in the premises of the Laboratory of Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Stavropol State Agrarian University. Acute and chronic toxicity, and irritant effect of the drug was studied under the Guidelines for Preclinical Studies of Drugs (2012). Hematological studies of laboratory animals were performed with an automatic hematological analyzer, and biochemical studies of the blood serum were done with an automatic biochemical analyzer.Results and discussion. It has been found that the Ornidazole- and Levamisole hydrochloride-based drug belongs to the Hazard Class 3 for the median lethal oral dose in accordance with GOST 12.1.007–76 as moderately hazardous substances; it does not have a pronounced subchronic toxicity or irritant effect. Multiple use of the active substance for 14 days does not cause significant changes in the clinical condition, or in hematological and biochemical profile of laboratory animals.
{"title":"Toxicological parameters of the drug based on Ornidazole and Levamisole hydrochloride","authors":"A. Butenko, V. Orobets, I. Kireev","doi":"10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-421-431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-421-431","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is the study of pharmaco-toxicological properties of the Ornidazole- and Levamisole hydrochloride-based drug.Materials and methods. The pharmaco-toxicological properties of the Ornidazole- and Levamisole hydrochloride-based drug were studied in the premises of the Laboratory of Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Stavropol State Agrarian University. Acute and chronic toxicity, and irritant effect of the drug was studied under the Guidelines for Preclinical Studies of Drugs (2012). Hematological studies of laboratory animals were performed with an automatic hematological analyzer, and biochemical studies of the blood serum were done with an automatic biochemical analyzer.Results and discussion. It has been found that the Ornidazole- and Levamisole hydrochloride-based drug belongs to the Hazard Class 3 for the median lethal oral dose in accordance with GOST 12.1.007–76 as moderately hazardous substances; it does not have a pronounced subchronic toxicity or irritant effect. Multiple use of the active substance for 14 days does not cause significant changes in the clinical condition, or in hematological and biochemical profile of laboratory animals.","PeriodicalId":34353,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii parazitologicheskii zhurnal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48301156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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