While enterococci are found as flora elements in many parts of the body, they have recently emerged as different infectious agents such as urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and meningitis. Increasing antibiotic resistance also poses additional challenges in treatment. In this study, it was aimed to determine the species identification and antibiotic resistance rates of enterococci isolated from the urinary tract. Enterococcus strains isolated from urine culture samples sent to the routine microbiology laboratory from various clinics of our hospital between 01.01.2020 and 31.12.2021 with the preliminary diagnosis of urinary tract infection were included in this study. Samples were cultivated on sheep blood agar and eosin methylene blue agar, and species determination and antibiogram evaluation were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing-2020-2021) using conventional methods and automated identification device (VITEK 2 Compact-BioMerieux-France). All enterococci isolates (n=349) were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, tigecycline and linezolid. Of Enterococcus faecalis isolates (n=238), 32.8% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 23.7% to high-level gentamicin, 33.2% to imipenem, 2.5% to nitrofurantoin, and 26.9% to streptomycin. Of the Enterococcus faecium isolates (n=111), 84.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 58.6% to high-level gentamicin, 91% to imipenem, 31.5% to nitrofurantoin, and 83.8% to streptomycin. In conclusion, it is important to determine the resistance patterns of enterococcus strains, which are most frequently isolated as the causative agent of urinary tract infection, and also cause other clinical presentations such as wound infection or bacteremia, and to establish appropriate treatment protocols and to determine new antibiotic resistances.
虽然肠球菌作为菌群元素存在于身体的许多部位，但它们最近作为不同的感染性病原体出现，如尿路感染、菌血症和脑膜炎。抗生素耐药性的增加也给治疗带来了额外的挑战。本研究旨在确定尿路分离肠球菌的种类鉴定和耐药性。本研究纳入从2020年1月1日至2021年12月31日我院各门诊送至常规微生物实验室的尿液培养标本中分离到的初步诊断为尿路感染的肠球菌。样品在羊血琼脂和伊红亚甲基蓝琼脂上培养，采用常规方法和自动鉴定装置(VITEK 2 Compact-BioMerieux-France)，按照EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing-2020-2021)的建议进行菌种测定和抗生素谱评估。所有肠球菌分离株(n=349)对万古霉素、替柯planin、替加环素和利奈唑胺敏感。238株粪肠球菌对环丙沙星耐药32.8%，对高剂量庆大霉素耐药23.7%，对亚胺培南耐药33.2%，对呋喃妥英耐药2.5%，对链霉素耐药26.9%。在111株粪肠球菌中，84.7%对环丙沙星耐药，58.6%对高剂量庆大霉素耐药，91%对亚胺培南耐药，31.5%对呋喃妥英耐药，83.8%对链霉素耐药。总之，确定肠球菌菌株的耐药模式非常重要，肠球菌菌株最常被分离为尿路感染的病原体，也会引起其他临床表现，如伤口感染或菌血症，并建立适当的治疗方案并确定新的抗生素耐药性。
{"title":"Enterococcus Species Isolated from Urine Cultures and Antibiotic Resistance Rates","authors":"I. Bahceci, S. Yildiz, K. Şahin","doi":"10.54584/lms.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"While enterococci are found as flora elements in many parts of the body, they have recently emerged as different infectious agents such as urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and meningitis. Increasing antibiotic resistance also poses additional challenges in treatment. In this study, it was aimed to determine the species identification and antibiotic resistance rates of enterococci isolated from the urinary tract. Enterococcus strains isolated from urine culture samples sent to the routine microbiology laboratory from various clinics of our hospital between 01.01.2020 and 31.12.2021 with the preliminary diagnosis of urinary tract infection were included in this study. Samples were cultivated on sheep blood agar and eosin methylene blue agar, and species determination and antibiogram evaluation were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing-2020-2021) using conventional methods and automated identification device (VITEK 2 Compact-BioMerieux-France). All enterococci isolates (n=349) were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, tigecycline and linezolid. Of Enterococcus faecalis isolates (n=238), 32.8% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 23.7% to high-level gentamicin, 33.2% to imipenem, 2.5% to nitrofurantoin, and 26.9% to streptomycin. Of the Enterococcus faecium isolates (n=111), 84.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 58.6% to high-level gentamicin, 91% to imipenem, 31.5% to nitrofurantoin, and 83.8% to streptomycin. In conclusion, it is important to determine the resistance patterns of enterococcus strains, which are most frequently isolated as the causative agent of urinary tract infection, and also cause other clinical presentations such as wound infection or bacteremia, and to establish appropriate treatment protocols and to determine new antibiotic resistances.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115425422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bahadır Çalışkan, Hesna Gül, G. B. Bahadır, Nurullah Kayasöken, Melike Arslan, N. Balamtekin
Foreign body ingestion (FBI) is one of the common causes of emergency admissions in infancy and childhood. Although the large majority of children who present with the FBI have no psychiatric diagnosis, present studies demonstrate that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and related psychiatric problems might be a risk factor for FBI. This study aimed to compare the demographic variables and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder levels and sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms (ADHD-SCT) in children who ingested foreign bodies with healthy children. Also, we aimed to address the relationship between ADHD-SCT symptoms and the age of FBI. The FBI group comprised 44 children (age 2-8, median age: 5, 68.2% boys) admitted to the emergency, pediatric surgery, and pediatric gastroenterology department after FBI, and the healthy control group comprised 30 children (age 3-8, median age: 6, 56.7% boys). We administered the sociodemographic information form, SNAP-IV ADHD rating scale, and Barkley’s child SCT ratings scale to both groups of parents. Our results demonstrated that maternal education level was significantly lower in the FBI group, although other demographic characteristics of the samples were similar (p=0.023). In addition, ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity scores were significantly higher in the FBI group (p=0.01). Still, there were no significant differences in ADHD-inattention, SCT-daydreaming, and SCT-sluggishness scores (for all, p>0.05). We found positive-moderate relationships between SCT-daydreaming and sluggishness symptoms and FBI age (r=0.314, r=0.348, respectively). This means that higher SCT scores are related to an older FBI age. In conclusion, for the first time, we evaluated the ADHD and SCT symptoms in young children against FBI and found that ADHD-hyperactivity, but not ADHD-inattention symptoms, were significantly higher in the FBI group, and SCT symptoms increase the risk of FBI at an older age. In addition, we found that a lower maternal education level could be an additional risk factor for FBI. Despite the high hyperactivity in the FBI group, the low rate of child psychiatry evaluation should be considered when evaluating a child.
{"title":"Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms in Children Presenting with Foreign Body Ingestion: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Bahadır Çalışkan, Hesna Gül, G. B. Bahadır, Nurullah Kayasöken, Melike Arslan, N. Balamtekin","doi":"10.54584/lms.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign body ingestion (FBI) is one of the common causes of emergency admissions in infancy and childhood. Although the large majority of children who present with the FBI have no psychiatric diagnosis, present studies demonstrate that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and related psychiatric problems might be a risk factor for FBI. This study aimed to compare the demographic variables and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder levels and sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms (ADHD-SCT) in children who ingested foreign bodies with healthy children. Also, we aimed to address the relationship between ADHD-SCT symptoms and the age of FBI. The FBI group comprised 44 children (age 2-8, median age: 5, 68.2% boys) admitted to the emergency, pediatric surgery, and pediatric gastroenterology department after FBI, and the healthy control group comprised 30 children (age 3-8, median age: 6, 56.7% boys). We administered the sociodemographic information form, SNAP-IV ADHD rating scale, and Barkley’s child SCT ratings scale to both groups of parents. Our results demonstrated that maternal education level was significantly lower in the FBI group, although other demographic characteristics of the samples were similar (p=0.023). In addition, ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity scores were significantly higher in the FBI group (p=0.01). Still, there were no significant differences in ADHD-inattention, SCT-daydreaming, and SCT-sluggishness scores (for all, p>0.05). We found positive-moderate relationships between SCT-daydreaming and sluggishness symptoms and FBI age (r=0.314, r=0.348, respectively). This means that higher SCT scores are related to an older FBI age. In conclusion, for the first time, we evaluated the ADHD and SCT symptoms in young children against FBI and found that ADHD-hyperactivity, but not ADHD-inattention symptoms, were significantly higher in the FBI group, and SCT symptoms increase the risk of FBI at an older age. In addition, we found that a lower maternal education level could be an additional risk factor for FBI. Despite the high hyperactivity in the FBI group, the low rate of child psychiatry evaluation should be considered when evaluating a child.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125619457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to analyze the posts of patients with solid organ transplant Facebook groups and to reveal the most common problems experienced by them. The study was conducted with a comprehensive search of solid organ transplant patients' Facebook groups. Posts of the participants were scanned with the keywords “organ transplant patients”, “life after organ transplant”, “organ transplant information”, “kidney transplant”, and “liver transplant”. Qualitative data were evaluated by inductive content analysis. All words of the post were analyzed in the MAXQDA (version 11) software program. There were 18,722 users in 10 groups related to solid organ transplantation and 478 posts were shared. Five main themes were determined: Seeking information/giving information, seeking support/providing support, seeking a partner for cross-transplantation of those waiting for organ transplants, financial issues and experiences related to COVID-19. It has been determined that 59.8% of individuals most frequently refer to Facebook groups for information seeking/giving information. The posts are seen as an opportunity to share experiences, to seek support/provide support, and help from others with similar experiences. Social media can be used by health professionals to inform individuals and reduce their anxiety by examining and participating in disease-specific groups.
{"title":"Social Media Use of Solid Organ Transplant Patients: Sharing Unmet Needs","authors":"Y. Sürme, Mustafa Sürme","doi":"10.54584/lms.2023.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2023.27","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze the posts of patients with solid organ transplant Facebook groups and to reveal the most common problems experienced by them. The study was conducted with a comprehensive search of solid organ transplant patients' Facebook groups. Posts of the participants were scanned with the keywords “organ transplant patients”, “life after organ transplant”, “organ transplant information”, “kidney transplant”, and “liver transplant”. Qualitative data were evaluated by inductive content analysis. All words of the post were analyzed in the MAXQDA (version 11) software program. There were 18,722 users in 10 groups related to solid organ transplantation and 478 posts were shared. Five main themes were determined: Seeking information/giving information, seeking support/providing support, seeking a partner for cross-transplantation of those waiting for organ transplants, financial issues and experiences related to COVID-19. It has been determined that 59.8% of individuals most frequently refer to Facebook groups for information seeking/giving information. The posts are seen as an opportunity to share experiences, to seek support/provide support, and help from others with similar experiences. Social media can be used by health professionals to inform individuals and reduce their anxiety by examining and participating in disease-specific groups.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132205104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Aslan, M. Şirik, M. Sarıaydın, Ramazan İlyas Öner
In this study, we aimed to determine whether the presence and duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with changes in intervertebral disc degeneration, epiphyseal plaque degeneration, and subcutaneous fat tissue thickness. Diabetic patients and non-diabetic participants (control group) who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic between 2020-2022 and had lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging due to low back and/or leg pain were included the study. Disc degeneration, epiphyseal plaque degeneration, and subcutaneous fat tissue thickness parameters of DM patients and control group were reviewed retrospectively, and the results were statistically evaluated. There were 80 DM patients in the patient group, 25 (31.3%) of these patients were male and 55 (68.8%) were female. There was a total of 121 participants in the control group, of which 39 (32.2%) were male and 82 (67.8%) were female. The mean age of the patient group was 57.85±10.76 years, while the mean age of the control group was 54.23±13.09 years. There was no significant difference between the duration of DM and disc degeneration, epiphyseal plaque degeneration, and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. However, there was a significant difference between the control group and the DM patient group in terms of disc degeneration and epiphyseal plaque degeneration (p=0.003 and p=0.017, respectively). This study reveals that patients with diabetes have an increased susceptibility to disc degeneration and epiphyseal plaque degeneration, regardless of disease duration. Control and treatment of diabetic disease will make an important contribution to the prevention of secondary complications.
{"title":"The Effect of Diabetes and Disease Duration on Disc Degeneration and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Thickness","authors":"S. Aslan, M. Şirik, M. Sarıaydın, Ramazan İlyas Öner","doi":"10.54584/lms.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we aimed to determine whether the presence and duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with changes in intervertebral disc degeneration, epiphyseal plaque degeneration, and subcutaneous fat tissue thickness. Diabetic patients and non-diabetic participants (control group) who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic between 2020-2022 and had lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging due to low back and/or leg pain were included the study. Disc degeneration, epiphyseal plaque degeneration, and subcutaneous fat tissue thickness parameters of DM patients and control group were reviewed retrospectively, and the results were statistically evaluated. There were 80 DM patients in the patient group, 25 (31.3%) of these patients were male and 55 (68.8%) were female. There was a total of 121 participants in the control group, of which 39 (32.2%) were male and 82 (67.8%) were female. The mean age of the patient group was 57.85±10.76 years, while the mean age of the control group was 54.23±13.09 years. There was no significant difference between the duration of DM and disc degeneration, epiphyseal plaque degeneration, and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. However, there was a significant difference between the control group and the DM patient group in terms of disc degeneration and epiphyseal plaque degeneration (p=0.003 and p=0.017, respectively). This study reveals that patients with diabetes have an increased susceptibility to disc degeneration and epiphyseal plaque degeneration, regardless of disease duration. Control and treatment of diabetic disease will make an important contribution to the prevention of secondary complications.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130886711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Yurdakul, O. Sarı, Nuray Güneş, Fatih Namal, Ali Coskun
Physicians are trying to cope with patients’ potentially inappropriate demands in addition to their intensive work environments. The objectives of this study were to determine physicians’ points of view regarding patient demands, such as requests for inappropriate medical tests, prescription medications, or disability, and to what extent these demands affect physicians. This survey study was completed by conducting face-to-face interviews with the physicians, to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the 196 physicians working in our institution toward patient demands. Physicians reported that disability-related requests were the most prevalent patient demand (71.4%; n=140). A total of 2.6% (n=5) of the physicians performed laboratory tests that they considered unsuitable, 4.1% (n=8) described inappropriate prescription medication requests, and 2.6% (n=5) reported receiving disability requests from patients that they considered to be inappropriate. It was found that knowing patients formerly or being their health workers significantly altered physician behavior and increased rates of meeting inappropriate demand (strong correlation; r=0.809, p<0.001). The average score of the physicians showing their knowledge of the non-compliance of the patient requests was 60.99±10.46 (min-max 30-87.5 points), while the average score of the physicians' attitudes towards the demands they considered inappropriate was 44.73±10.23 (min-max 15-72.5 points). Knowledge and attitude scores were statistically higher in those working time under 10 years, as knowledge scores were statistically higher in those working in the internal medicine branches. In terms of behavior scores, there was no significant difference between working times and branches. In our study, the personality type of the physician was not significant in terms of meeting the patient demand. The job satisfaction of the physicians had no effect on the physician's informed, attitude, and behavior. In terms of stress coping style, the lack of difference in the sub-size of the scale of the subjugation approach was considered to be remarkable. As a consequence, acting for the benefit of the patient in clinical decision making is necessary. It is important to remember that any unnecessary examinations, prescribed medications, or disability requests lead to additional costs, loss of labor, and added workload in addition to posing a health risk for the patient.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Physicians' Responses to Patient Demands, Stress Perceptions and Coping Styles","authors":"E. Yurdakul, O. Sarı, Nuray Güneş, Fatih Namal, Ali Coskun","doi":"10.54584/lms.2023.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2023.24","url":null,"abstract":"Physicians are trying to cope with patients’ potentially inappropriate demands in addition to their intensive work environments. The objectives of this study were to determine physicians’ points of view regarding patient demands, such as requests for inappropriate medical tests, prescription medications, or disability, and to what extent these demands affect physicians. This survey study was completed by conducting face-to-face interviews with the physicians, to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the 196 physicians working in our institution toward patient demands. Physicians reported that disability-related requests were the most prevalent patient demand (71.4%; n=140). A total of 2.6% (n=5) of the physicians performed laboratory tests that they considered unsuitable, 4.1% (n=8) described inappropriate prescription medication requests, and 2.6% (n=5) reported receiving disability requests from patients that they considered to be inappropriate. It was found that knowing patients formerly or being their health workers significantly altered physician behavior and increased rates of meeting inappropriate demand (strong correlation; r=0.809, p<0.001). The average score of the physicians showing their knowledge of the non-compliance of the patient requests was 60.99±10.46 (min-max 30-87.5 points), while the average score of the physicians' attitudes towards the demands they considered inappropriate was 44.73±10.23 (min-max 15-72.5 points). Knowledge and attitude scores were statistically higher in those working time under 10 years, as knowledge scores were statistically higher in those working in the internal medicine branches. In terms of behavior scores, there was no significant difference between working times and branches. In our study, the personality type of the physician was not significant in terms of meeting the patient demand. The job satisfaction of the physicians had no effect on the physician's informed, attitude, and behavior. In terms of stress coping style, the lack of difference in the sub-size of the scale of the subjugation approach was considered to be remarkable. As a consequence, acting for the benefit of the patient in clinical decision making is necessary. It is important to remember that any unnecessary examinations, prescribed medications, or disability requests lead to additional costs, loss of labor, and added workload in addition to posing a health risk for the patient.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124476732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Music reduces emotional stress, relieves anxiety, and is utilized while treating various diseases. The present study explored the impacts of various music genres at different decibels on the oxidation state in the brain tissue and serum. We carried out the study on 42 male Wistar Albino rats. The rats were randomized (six rats in each cage) as a control group and groups exposed to noise, rock music, and slow music at different decibels for 21 days and 4 hours a day. At the end of the experiment, we studied oxidant [malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide, protein carbonyl (PC)] and antioxidant [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)] parameters in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and serum. In the cortex, while MDA levels were low in the 100 dB(A) slow music group, the 50 dB(A) noise and rock music groups had elevated SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA levels when compared to the control group and higher MDA and GSH-Px levels when compared to the 50 dB(A) slow music group. In the cerebellum, although SOD levels did not significantly change, we found MDA and GSH-Px to increase in the 50 dB(A) and 100 dB(A) rock music groups and the 50 dB(A) noise group. Finally, we determined MDA and PC levels to be low and SOD levels to be high in the 50 dB(A) slow music group. Overall, that high dB rock music created oxidative stress in cerebellar tissue, that low dB rock music and noise created oxidative stress in the cortex and cerebellum, and that high and low dB slow music may have positive impacts on oxidative stress.
{"title":"Exploring the Impacts of Different Music Genres on Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain and Serum","authors":"Ülkühan Düzgün, Alevtina Ersoy","doi":"10.54584/lms.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"Music reduces emotional stress, relieves anxiety, and is utilized while treating various diseases. The present study explored the impacts of various music genres at different decibels on the oxidation state in the brain tissue and serum. We carried out the study on 42 male Wistar Albino rats. The rats were randomized (six rats in each cage) as a control group and groups exposed to noise, rock music, and slow music at different decibels for 21 days and 4 hours a day. At the end of the experiment, we studied oxidant [malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide, protein carbonyl (PC)] and antioxidant [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)] parameters in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and serum. In the cortex, while MDA levels were low in the 100 dB(A) slow music group, the 50 dB(A) noise and rock music groups had elevated SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA levels when compared to the control group and higher MDA and GSH-Px levels when compared to the 50 dB(A) slow music group. In the cerebellum, although SOD levels did not significantly change, we found MDA and GSH-Px to increase in the 50 dB(A) and 100 dB(A) rock music groups and the 50 dB(A) noise group. Finally, we determined MDA and PC levels to be low and SOD levels to be high in the 50 dB(A) slow music group. Overall, that high dB rock music created oxidative stress in cerebellar tissue, that low dB rock music and noise created oxidative stress in the cortex and cerebellum, and that high and low dB slow music may have positive impacts on oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123726405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this descriptive study, it is aimed to determine the competencies of physicians according to NCC-2014, to create databases for current educational output, to consider graduate competencies while preparing medical faculty training curriculum and to make suggestions for education. For this purpose, a total of 501 physicians agreed to answer the questionnaire and working in designated military hospitals and military primary care examination centers and residents at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Hospital were included in the study. The data were collected by the researcher by face-to-face interviews with the participants between 10 March 2016 and 30 June 2016. The scores of the physicians regarding the basic medical practices were collected under six main topics and compared with the minimum levels described in NCC-2014. As a result of the study, 161 (32.1%) participants were adequate in “history taking” applications, 78 (15.6%) participants were adequate in “recording, reporting and notification”, 72 (14.4%) participants were competent in “preventive medicine and community medicine practice”, 62 (12.4%) participants were competent in “interventional and noninterventional practice”, 26 (5.2%) participants were competent in “laboratory tests and other related procedures”, and 25 (5.0%) participants were competent in “general and problem focused physical examinations”. It has been determined that physicians do not receive adequate training in the medical faculty, especially in the field of forensic medicine and obstetrics and gynecology. Curriculum programs should be prepared that will include measures for the development of all application areas, especially the practices determined under the heading of “general and problem focused physical examinations” and “laboratory tests and other related procedures”, where the participants have the lowest proficiency.
{"title":"Assessing the Competencies of the Medical Faculty Graduates within the frame of Pre-Graduate Medical Education National Core Curriculum","authors":"Fatih Namal","doi":"10.54584/lms.2022.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2022.23","url":null,"abstract":"In this descriptive study, it is aimed to determine the competencies of physicians according to NCC-2014, to create databases for current educational output, to consider graduate competencies while preparing medical faculty training curriculum and to make suggestions for education. For this purpose, a total of 501 physicians agreed to answer the questionnaire and working in designated military hospitals and military primary care examination centers and residents at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Hospital were included in the study. The data were collected by the researcher by face-to-face interviews with the participants between 10 March 2016 and 30 June 2016. The scores of the physicians regarding the basic medical practices were collected under six main topics and compared with the minimum levels described in NCC-2014. As a result of the study, 161 (32.1%) participants were adequate in “history taking” applications, 78 (15.6%) participants were adequate in “recording, reporting and notification”, 72 (14.4%) participants were competent in “preventive medicine and community medicine practice”, 62 (12.4%) participants were competent in “interventional and noninterventional practice”, 26 (5.2%) participants were competent in “laboratory tests and other related procedures”, and 25 (5.0%) participants were competent in “general and problem focused physical examinations”. It has been determined that physicians do not receive adequate training in the medical faculty, especially in the field of forensic medicine and obstetrics and gynecology. Curriculum programs should be prepared that will include measures for the development of all application areas, especially the practices determined under the heading of “general and problem focused physical examinations” and “laboratory tests and other related procedures”, where the participants have the lowest proficiency.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127655164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of cooperation between physicians and nurses working in surgical clinics on the tendency of nurses to make medical errors. The research was carried out in a descriptive manner at Yozgat Bozok University Research and Application Center surgical units between April-May 2021. 130 surgical nurses and 40 surgeons were included in the study. In the evaluation of the data, independent two-sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Duncan test, Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis were used. When the Jefferson Physician and Nurse Professional Collaboration Scale mean scores of physicians and nurses were examined; the mean score of nurses was 52.2±5.8, and the mean score of physicians was 50.7±4.6. Nurses' Malpractice Tendency Scale mean score was determined as 236.1±16.5. It was determined that when the Jefferson Physician and Nurse Professional Collaboration Scale score of the nurses increased by one unit, the Malpractice Tendency Scale score increased by 1.247. Statistically, it was determined that there was a weak positive relationship (p<0.05). The existence of a healthy and effective cooperation system between physicians and nurses in surgical units is important in preventing medical errors. In our study, it was determined that the physician-nurse relationship in surgical units had an effect on the medical error tendency of nurses. In line with the data obtained, it is recommended to measure the reflections of the trainings on the cooperation in order to increase the effective trainings in changing the professional communication within the team on doctor-nurse cooperation in a positive way and to strengthen the concrete data.
{"title":"Impact of Cooperation Established Between Physicians and Nurses Working at Surgical Clinics on The Tendency of Nurses to Make Medical Errors","authors":"Derya Esenkaya, Gökçen Aydın Akbuğa","doi":"10.54584/lms.2022.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2022.21","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the effect of cooperation between physicians and nurses working in surgical clinics on the tendency of nurses to make medical errors. The research was carried out in a descriptive manner at Yozgat Bozok University Research and Application Center surgical units between April-May 2021. 130 surgical nurses and 40 surgeons were included in the study. In the evaluation of the data, independent two-sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Duncan test, Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis were used. When the Jefferson Physician and Nurse Professional Collaboration Scale mean scores of physicians and nurses were examined; the mean score of nurses was 52.2±5.8, and the mean score of physicians was 50.7±4.6. Nurses' Malpractice Tendency Scale mean score was determined as 236.1±16.5. It was determined that when the Jefferson Physician and Nurse Professional Collaboration Scale score of the nurses increased by one unit, the Malpractice Tendency Scale score increased by 1.247. Statistically, it was determined that there was a weak positive relationship (p<0.05). The existence of a healthy and effective cooperation system between physicians and nurses in surgical units is important in preventing medical errors. In our study, it was determined that the physician-nurse relationship in surgical units had an effect on the medical error tendency of nurses. In line with the data obtained, it is recommended to measure the reflections of the trainings on the cooperation in order to increase the effective trainings in changing the professional communication within the team on doctor-nurse cooperation in a positive way and to strengthen the concrete data.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123052254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of trichloroethylene (TCE) on the metal-ceramic bond of additively manufactured and casting Co-Cr alloys. For this purpose, 84 disc-shaped (r=12 mm, h=1 mm) specimens were prepared for two experimental groups (n=42) with different fabrication techniques; casting and additively manufactured with Co-Cr. Before ceramic application, the disc specimens divided into two subgroups (n=21): Casting and cleaned with TCE (CT), casting and not cleaned with TCE (C), additively manufactured and cleaned with TCE (AT), additively manufactured and not cleaned with TCE (A). Ceramic (h=4 mm, r=6 mm) was applied to the disc specimens (n=20) and their shear bond strength (SBS) was measured. The surface morphology of disc (n=1; for each subgroup) specimens before and after TCE application was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results were statistically analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni multiple comparisons tests (α=0.05). Significant differences were found in SBS of the CT, C, AT, and A groups. CT group (21.74±1.66 MPa) showed a significantly higher SBS value than the C (18.65±2.11 MPa), AT (19.07±1.75 MPa) and A (18.52±1.94 MPa) groups (p<0.001). In conclusion the application of the TCE increased the metal-ceramic bond of casting Co-Cr alloy. Although the results were not statistically significant the TCE also increased the bond of additively manufactured Co-Cr alloy.
研究了三氯乙烯(TCE)对增材制造和铸造Co-Cr合金金属-陶瓷结合的影响。为此，采用不同的制作工艺制备了两个实验组(n=42)的84个圆盘状(r=12 mm, h=1 mm)样品;铸造和增材制造的Co-Cr。在使用陶瓷之前，将圆盘试样分为两组(n=21):用TCE清洗的铸造组(CT)、用TCE清洗的铸造组(C)、用TCE加工和清洗的添加组(AT)、用TCE加工和未清洗的添加组(A)。将陶瓷(h=4 mm, r=6 mm)应用于圆盘试样(n=20)并测量其剪切强度(SBS)。圆盘表面形貌(n=1;采用扫描电镜(SEM)对应用TCE前后各亚组标本进行分析。结果采用单因素方差分析和Bonferroni多重比较检验(α=0.05)进行统计学分析。CT组、C组、AT组和A组的SBS有显著性差异。CT组(21.74±1.66 MPa)的SBS值明显高于C组(18.65±2.11 MPa)、AT组(19.07±1.75 MPa)和a组(18.52±1.94 MPa) (p<0.001)。综上所述，TCE的应用提高了铸造Co-Cr合金的金属-陶瓷结合。虽然结果没有统计学意义，但TCE也增加了Co-Cr合金的结合。
{"title":"Evaluation the Effect of Trichloroethylene on the Metal-Ceramic Bonding","authors":"Nurten Baysal, B. Erol, S. Ayyıldız","doi":"10.54584/lms.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of trichloroethylene (TCE) on the metal-ceramic bond of additively manufactured and casting Co-Cr alloys. For this purpose, 84 disc-shaped (r=12 mm, h=1 mm) specimens were prepared for two experimental groups (n=42) with different fabrication techniques; casting and additively manufactured with Co-Cr. Before ceramic application, the disc specimens divided into two subgroups (n=21): Casting and cleaned with TCE (CT), casting and not cleaned with TCE (C), additively manufactured and cleaned with TCE (AT), additively manufactured and not cleaned with TCE (A). Ceramic (h=4 mm, r=6 mm) was applied to the disc specimens (n=20) and their shear bond strength (SBS) was measured. The surface morphology of disc (n=1; for each subgroup) specimens before and after TCE application was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results were statistically analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni multiple comparisons tests (α=0.05). Significant differences were found in SBS of the CT, C, AT, and A groups. CT group (21.74±1.66 MPa) showed a significantly higher SBS value than the C (18.65±2.11 MPa), AT (19.07±1.75 MPa) and A (18.52±1.94 MPa) groups (p<0.001). In conclusion the application of the TCE increased the metal-ceramic bond of casting Co-Cr alloy. Although the results were not statistically significant the TCE also increased the bond of additively manufactured Co-Cr alloy.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130020342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Tekin, Mohamed Abdi Osman, Faduma Nur Adan, Ahmed Muhammad Bashir, H. E. Sümbül, F. Şahiner
Although tuberculosis (TB) is a treatable disease, it continues to be an important health problem affecting societies worldwide. TB is one of the 10 most common causes of death worldwide today, despite the efforts of national organizations and the global struggle efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO), that have continued since its first establishment and exceeded seventy years. Somalia faces many negative factors that hinder the success of TB eradication programs, such as limitation of economic resources, lack of adequate infrastructure systems in the urban and rural regions, inadequacies in sheltering and nutrition, as well as instability, conflicts, and difficulties in accessing health care services. However, the country has been located in a rapidly developing region where socio-economic development and transformation has been experienced in many fields in recent years. This study includes the analysis of Acid Resistant Basil (ARB) smear examination results of patients admitted to a tertiary health center in the region where public health surveillance, screening programs, and treatment interventions have been disrupted for the last 30 years due to the aforementioned reasons. A total of 5,160 ARB test results of 3,909 patients admitted to the hospital with different medical reasons during the 4-year period between July 2016 and November 2019 were included in the study. The mean age was 43.3±21.8 years, with a range of <1 to 97 years and the ARB test positivity rate was found to be %5.63 (220/3,909) in the study group. The positivity rate was 6.70% (158/2,199) in males and 3.99% (62/1,490) in females (p<0.001). The group most affected by the infection (TB) were young and adult men between the ages of 10-40. HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV tests were also performed for approximately half of the patients who requested ARB test and the co-infection rates for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were found as 9.68%, 2.46%, and 0.0%, respectively. These rates are compatible with the seroepidemiological situation of the mentioned viral infections in the region. The results also reveal the low frequency of HIV-TB co-infections in the Somali population, unlike other regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The co-infection rate for syphilis, in which fewer patients were tested, was found to be 2.27%. It was found that ARB positivity rates changed as 5.31%, 6.44%, and 5.63% between 2017-2019 and did not increase or decrease according to years; with the exception of 2016 (11.2%) when a small number of patients were admitted. Early diagnosis and early treatment of active cases are critical for the effectiveness of TB control programs. Despite certain limitations, the data presented in the study can be considered as a reference point for future studies.
{"title":"Acid-Fast Bacilli Smear Positivity and HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis Co-infections between 2016 and 2019 in Mogadishu, Somalia","authors":"K. Tekin, Mohamed Abdi Osman, Faduma Nur Adan, Ahmed Muhammad Bashir, H. E. Sümbül, F. Şahiner","doi":"10.54584/lms.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54584/lms.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"Although tuberculosis (TB) is a treatable disease, it continues to be an important health problem affecting societies worldwide. TB is one of the 10 most common causes of death worldwide today, despite the efforts of national organizations and the global struggle efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO), that have continued since its first establishment and exceeded seventy years. Somalia faces many negative factors that hinder the success of TB eradication programs, such as limitation of economic resources, lack of adequate infrastructure systems in the urban and rural regions, inadequacies in sheltering and nutrition, as well as instability, conflicts, and difficulties in accessing health care services. However, the country has been located in a rapidly developing region where socio-economic development and transformation has been experienced in many fields in recent years. This study includes the analysis of Acid Resistant Basil (ARB) smear examination results of patients admitted to a tertiary health center in the region where public health surveillance, screening programs, and treatment interventions have been disrupted for the last 30 years due to the aforementioned reasons. A total of 5,160 ARB test results of 3,909 patients admitted to the hospital with different medical reasons during the 4-year period between July 2016 and November 2019 were included in the study. The mean age was 43.3±21.8 years, with a range of <1 to 97 years and the ARB test positivity rate was found to be %5.63 (220/3,909) in the study group. The positivity rate was 6.70% (158/2,199) in males and 3.99% (62/1,490) in females (p<0.001). The group most affected by the infection (TB) were young and adult men between the ages of 10-40. HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV tests were also performed for approximately half of the patients who requested ARB test and the co-infection rates for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were found as 9.68%, 2.46%, and 0.0%, respectively. These rates are compatible with the seroepidemiological situation of the mentioned viral infections in the region. The results also reveal the low frequency of HIV-TB co-infections in the Somali population, unlike other regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The co-infection rate for syphilis, in which fewer patients were tested, was found to be 2.27%. It was found that ARB positivity rates changed as 5.31%, 6.44%, and 5.63% between 2017-2019 and did not increase or decrease according to years; with the exception of 2016 (11.2%) when a small number of patients were admitted. Early diagnosis and early treatment of active cases are critical for the effectiveness of TB control programs. Despite certain limitations, the data presented in the study can be considered as a reference point for future studies.","PeriodicalId":344016,"journal":{"name":"Life and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125325280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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