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Pentingnya Literasi Perilaku Pro-Environment Untuk Anak-Anak Bimbel Edukasia Grobogan Sebagai Upaya Membentuk Generasi Yang Peduli Terhadap Lingkungan 支持环境的行为素养对Bimbel Edukasia Grobogan的重要性,是建立一个关心环境的一代的努力
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.65
Salma Rosanti, Mahmudia Maulida Suswanti, Putri Ainun Nikmah, Nailis Sa'diyah
The provision of literacy on pro-environmental urgency for children at the elementary school level aims to provide understanding and motivation for children to be able to consider properly how to protect, preserve, and manage the environment appropriately so that it can be felt for a long time. In addition, bearing in mind that pro-environmental behavior literacy is very much needed to prepare the next generation, who have broad insights, so that they can be empowered in the development and management of the nation in the future, This pro-environmental literacy activity was carried out at Education Bimbel, Padang Village, Responsibilityrjo District, and Grobogan Regency. This activity went smoothly as expected. While the method used in this literacy activity is to explain the material and discuss related pro-environmental urgency material, The result of this activity is that children begin to understand the importance of protecting, maintaining, and making good use of the environment in which they live.Keywords: Pro-Environment Behavior; Children; Environment
在小学阶段为儿童提供关于保护环境紧迫性的扫盲,旨在为儿童提供理解和动力,使他们能够适当地考虑如何适当地保护、保存和管理环境,以便长期感受到它。此外,考虑到亲环境行为素养对于培养具有广泛见解的下一代非常必要,以便他们能够在未来的国家发展和管理中获得权力,这次亲环境素养活动在教育Bimbel,巴东村,责任区和Grobogan reggency进行。活动进行得如预期般顺利。虽然在这个识字活动中使用的方法是解释材料和讨论相关的环保紧急材料,但这个活动的结果是孩子们开始理解保护、维护和利用好他们所生活的环境的重要性。关键词:亲环境行为;孩子;环境
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引用次数: 0
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pengembangan Olahan Ikan Asap Sagarurung di Kecamatan Talang Ubi Kabupaten Pali
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.69
Muhammad Raihan Febriansyah
Community empowerment aims to empower individuals within a community to realize their full potential and skills. The community referred to is one where there is no one who is unproductive or unemployed. Unemployment is a state where members of the labor force do not have a job and are not actively seeking one at the moment. Unemployment can be addressed, one of which is through community empowerment by developing food processing, particularly those made from fish. If good operational and marketing practices are not followed by good fish processing development efforts, then there will be no high economic benefits or value. Qualitative research methods were applied in this study. The results of this study are: 1) The researcher concluded that the community empowerment process through the development of smoked sagarurung fish products in the Talang Ubi District of PALI Regency consists of several stages, namely community involvement, program planning, program implementation, and continuous evaluation. 2) Supporting factors for community empowerment are the facilities provided by the government and related agencies, while inhibiting factors include changes in mindset, the dominance of raw materials sourced from outside the region, and a lack of understanding of digital marketing. 3) The results of community empowerment are an increase in the life skills of smoked sagarurung fish business owners, fulfillment of their economic needs, and an increase in their understanding of high-quality smoked sagarurung fish processing.
社区赋权旨在使社区内的个人能够充分发挥其潜力和技能。这里所说的社区是指没有人不生产或失业的社区。失业是指劳动力没有工作,也没有积极寻找工作的状态。失业问题是可以解决的,其中之一是通过发展食品加工,特别是鱼类加工,赋予社区权力。如果良好的经营和销售做法没有得到良好的鱼类加工发展努力的遵循,那么就不会有很高的经济效益或价值。本研究采用定性研究方法。研究结果表明:1)PALI县Talang Ubi地区通过烟熏sagarurung鱼产品开发的社区赋权过程包括社区参与、项目规划、项目实施和持续评估几个阶段。2)社区赋权的支持因素是政府和相关机构提供的设施,抑制因素是观念的变化、外源原材料的主导以及对数字营销的不了解。3)社区赋权的结果是提高了烟熏sagarurung鱼企业主的生活技能,满足了他们的经济需求,并增加了他们对高质量烟熏sagarurung鱼加工的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Efisiensi Kerajinan Mebel di Pulau Giliraja Dalam Mengembangkan Kreativitas Bagi Masyarakat di Desa Banmaling Kecamatan Giligenting 吉里耶扬岛家具的效率促进了班窃贼村的人们的创造力
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.67
Nurul Afifah
The furniture industry in Indonesia is highly competitive, with many local and international companies operating within it. This intense competition is caused by several factors such as a large number of players in the market, similar products, and constantly changing consumer demand. To compete in this competitive market, furniture businesses must be able to develop effective marketing strategies. Overall, the furniture industry in Banmaling experienced a decline from 2019 to 2022. Therefore, a measurement of business efficiency was carried out to identify the factors causing the decline in business performance. This is aimed at determining policies and steps to improve business performance. The aim of this research is to explore the community development through furniture craft in Banmaling Village, Giligenting District. This research employs a qualitative research method with data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and document analysis. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the technical efficiency level of furniture businesses in Banmaling in 2022. From the research and discussion, it can be concluded that 38.70% of furniture businesses in Banmaling have been efficient, while 61.3% have not been efficient with an average technical efficiency value of 68.69. Therefore, mentoring from the government, universities, and other relevant institutions is needed to improve furniture businesses in Serenan by providing additional capital and training in production management, human resources, finance, marketing, and other areas. This is expected to improve its technical efficiency level.
印度尼西亚的家具行业竞争激烈,许多本地和国际公司都在其中经营。这种激烈的竞争是由市场上大量的参与者、相似的产品以及不断变化的消费者需求等几个因素造成的。为了在这个竞争激烈的市场中竞争,家具企业必须能够制定有效的营销策略。总体而言,板马岭家具行业从2019年到2022年经历了衰退。因此,对企业效率进行了测量,以确定导致企业绩效下降的因素。其目的是确定改善业务绩效的政策和步骤。本研究的目的是探讨在基烈亭区板麻岭村家具工艺的社区发展。本研究采用定性研究方法,结合访谈、观察、文献分析等数据收集技术。本文对板马岭2022年家具企业技术效率水平进行了分析。从研究和讨论中可以得出,板马岭家具企业中38.70%的企业是高效的,61.3%的企业是低效的,平均技术效率值为68.69。因此,需要政府、大学和其他相关机构的指导,通过在生产管理、人力资源、财务、营销和其他领域提供额外的资金和培训,来改善Serenan的家具业务。这有望提高其技术效率水平。
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引用次数: 0
Masyarakat Maju dalam Peradaban Islam Perspektif Said Ramadhan al-Buthi
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.75
Elfira Hanum
There have been many civilizations that have existed and developed throughout the world in human history, including Ancient Egyptian civilization, Ancient Greek civilization, Ancient Persian civilization, Ancient Chinese civilization, Ancient Indian civilization, Islamic civilization in the Middle East and North Africa, and so on. This research uses the library research method. In this research, the author searches for reference sources such as books, journals, and theses related to advanced civilizations in the perspective of Sa'id Ramadhan al-Buthi. The purpose of this research is to understand advanced civilizations in the perspective of Sa'id Ramadhan al-Buthi. Said Ramadhan Al-Buthi is a Muslim scholar who argues that a good civilization must be able to provide happiness and prosperity for humans as a whole and must be based on good moral and ethical principles as well as positive religious values. Al-Buthi's view of civilization also emphasizes the importance of moral and ethical values in creating a quality civilization, as well as the importance of the contribution of civilization to the progress of humanity and the well-being of society as a whole.
人类历史上有许多文明在世界各地存在和发展,包括古埃及文明、古希腊文明、古波斯文明、中国古代文明、古印度文明、中东和北非的伊斯兰文明等等。本研究采用了图书馆研究法。在这项研究中,作者从赛义德·拉马丹·布希的角度寻找与先进文明有关的书籍、期刊和论文等参考资料。本研究的目的是从赛义德·拉马丹·布希的视角来理解先进文明。Ramadhan Al-Buthi是一位穆斯林学者,他认为一个好的文明必须能够为全人类提供幸福和繁荣,并且必须建立在良好的道德和伦理原则以及积极的宗教价值观的基础上。布希的文文观还强调了道德和伦理价值在创造优质文明中的重要性,以及文明对人类进步和整个社会福祉的贡献的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Upaya Petani Jamur Tiram Putih sebagai Alternatif Usaha dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Kecamatan Sako Kota Palembang 白牡蛎蘑菇种植者的努力取代了促进人民经济的努力
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.70
Titania Fetricia
White oyster mushroom (Pleuratus Florida) is one of the types of mushrooms that has become an alternative due to its beneficial nutritional content for the body, making it a promising business opportunity and an alternative for the community. However, to achieve success in oyster mushroom cultivation and business, the right knowledge and the courage to try are needed. The objectives of this study are to: 1) understand the history of oyster mushroom cultivation, 2) understand community responses to oyster mushroom cultivation, and 3) identify factors inhibiting oyster mushroom cultivation. This study uses qualitative research, with the author acting as an observer, directly observing the phenomena and behaviors to be studied. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Oyster mushroom cultivation has been done in China for 1,000 years and is popular in Indonesia as an alternative source of income for communities, and is not too complicated; 2) White oyster mushroom cultivation can be an alternative business for communities facing economic crises. This business is suitable for urban communities, with high demand, low capital, and easy to do; 3) Inhibiting factors in oyster mushroom cultivation lie in the farmer's expertise and factors such as temperature, light, air, pH, and humidity should be considered. Oyster mushroom cultivation can help improve the community's economy and open up business opportunities.
白平菇(Pleuratus Florida)是一种蘑菇,由于其对身体有益的营养成分,已成为一种替代品,使其成为一个有前途的商业机会和社区的替代品。然而,要想在平菇种植和经营中取得成功,需要正确的知识和尝试的勇气。本研究的目的是:1)了解平菇栽培的历史;2)了解群落对平菇栽培的反应;3)确定抑制平菇栽培的因素。本研究采用定性研究,作者作为观察者,直接观察待研究的现象和行为。研究结果表明:1)平菇栽培在中国已有1000年的历史,在印度尼西亚作为一种替代的社区收入来源而受到欢迎,并且不太复杂;2)白平菇种植可以成为面临经济危机的社区的另一项业务。这项业务适合城市社区,需求高,资金少,容易做;3)平菇栽培的抑制因素在于农户的专业知识,应考虑温度、光照、空气、pH、湿度等因素。培植平菇有助于改善社区经济,开拓商机。
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引用次数: 0
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Kepala Keluarga (PEKKA) dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Keluarga oleh Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan Perlindungan Anak Dan Keluarga Berencana (DP3AKB) Di Desa Menampu Kecamatan Gumukmas Kabupaten Jember
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.74
Najmiyah Yizil Ulal Yaqini, Febrina Rizky Agustina
PEKKA (Perempuan Kepala Keluarga) means a woman or a widow who becomes the sole provider in the household, especially in terms of financial needs. Naturally this is not easy for many of these sole providers since many of them come from low economic levels and educational backgrounds. The women empowerment programme carried out by DP3AKB through the PEKKA empowerment programme is carried out to produce women with potential and high enthusiasm so that the knowledge and experience gained can become the basic capital to improve the economy of the families. The current qualitative descriptive research aims to identify and describe the process of PEKKA empowerment programme in improving the family economy by DP3AKB, describing the supporting factors, inhibiting factors and impacts of PEKKA empowerment programme in improving the family economy by DP3AKB in Menampu Village, Gumukmas District, Jember Regency. The results of the research indicate that DP3AKB collaborates with the government of Menampu Village along with KUA Gumukmas counselors to empower PEKKA by providing socialization processes, guidance, and training, as well as conducting intensive efforts to ensure that the knowledge obtained can support a mindset that forms more independent behavior and can develop the potential of PEKKA to support changes in their lives.
PEKKA (Perempuan Kepala Keluarga)指成为家庭唯一供养者的妇女或寡妇,特别是在经济需求方面。当然,这对许多单独提供服务的人来说并不容易,因为他们中的许多人的经济水平和教育背景都很低。该方案通过PEKKA授权方案执行的妇女授权方案是为了培养具有潜力和高度热情的妇女,以便所获得的知识和经验可以成为改善家庭经济的基本资本。本定性描述性研究旨在识别和描述PEKKA赋权计划通过DP3AKB改善家庭经济的过程,描述PEKKA赋权计划通过DP3AKB改善家庭经济的支持因素、抑制因素和影响。研究结果表明,DP3AKB与Menampu村政府以及KUA Gumukmas辅导员合作,通过提供社会化过程,指导和培训来授权PEKKA,并进行密集的努力,以确保所获得的知识能够支持形成更独立行为的心态,并能够开发PEKKA的潜力,以支持他们的生活变化。
{"title":"Pemberdayaan Perempuan Kepala Keluarga (PEKKA) dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Keluarga oleh Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan Perlindungan Anak Dan Keluarga Berencana (DP3AKB) Di Desa Menampu Kecamatan Gumukmas Kabupaten Jember","authors":"Najmiyah Yizil Ulal Yaqini, Febrina Rizky Agustina","doi":"10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35719/altatwir.v10i1.74","url":null,"abstract":"PEKKA (Perempuan Kepala Keluarga) means a woman or a widow who becomes the sole provider in the household, especially in terms of financial needs. Naturally this is not easy for many of these sole providers since many of them come from low economic levels and educational backgrounds. The women empowerment programme carried out by DP3AKB through the PEKKA empowerment programme is carried out to produce women with potential and high enthusiasm so that the knowledge and experience gained can become the basic capital to improve the economy of the families. The current qualitative descriptive research aims to identify and describe the process of PEKKA empowerment programme in improving the family economy by DP3AKB, describing the supporting factors, inhibiting factors and impacts of PEKKA empowerment programme in improving the family economy by DP3AKB in Menampu Village, Gumukmas District, Jember Regency. The results of the research indicate that DP3AKB collaborates with the government of Menampu Village along with KUA Gumukmas counselors to empower PEKKA by providing socialization processes, guidance, and training, as well as conducting intensive efforts to ensure that the knowledge obtained can support a mindset that forms more independent behavior and can develop the potential of PEKKA to support changes in their lives.","PeriodicalId":344186,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Al-Tatwir","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122367940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pengembangan Masyarakat melalui Usaha Mikro Kecil untuk Meningkatkan Religiusitas Remaja Kabupaten Bogor 通过小规模的努力来改善茂物区青年宗教的发展
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v9i2.60
Yuliana Cita Siti Hijria
Da'wah method is a method or method used by a da'wah actor. Communicating Islamic Da'wah teachings by conveying da'wah messages, this method plays a very important role. However, if it is conveyed in the wrong way, this role can be rejected by the recipient of the message. In Bogor Regency, there are still many teenagers who are not good (disgraceful) as is the case for teenagers who do not respect their parents, there are still many teenagers who like to talk dirty, there are still many Teenagers who don't respect their neighbors, there are still many teenagers who don't have a forgiving spirit, as a result, fights often occur that give rise to trivial conflicts. However, there is a community that cares about the morals of youth in Bogor Regency, which then provides a good environment and impact on the surrounding youth by way of gentle preaching. How to approach the habits of teenagers who like to hang out by facilitating them by creating an Islamic cafe. And in cafe 99, researchers will examine more deeply how the stages of da'wah can have a significant impact on the lives of local youth. The practice of da'wah is by means of takwin, tandzim, and release. Also with Stages: Question and answer sessions, discussions, examples and optimal use of technical possibilities, Communicate the talents and interests of young people: sport and art. In addition, various supports are required. Efforts such as collaboration with other organizations related agencies, including community leaders, government, teachers, youth themselves. And all that is done by synergized Muslim youths at cafe 99 Bogor Regency as an effort to improve morals with Shari'a morals in surrounding teenagers.
达瓦方法是达瓦演员使用的一种或多种方法。通过传递达瓦信息来传播伊斯兰达瓦教义,这种方式起着非常重要的作用。但是,如果以错误的方式传递,则消息的接收者可能会拒绝此角色。在茂物摄政,仍然有很多不好(不体面)的青少年,就像不尊重父母的青少年一样,仍然有很多青少年喜欢说脏话,仍然有很多青少年不尊重他们的邻居,仍然有很多青少年没有宽容的精神,因此,打架经常发生,引起琐碎的冲突。然而,在茂物摄政有一个关心年轻人道德的社区,通过温和的说教,为周围的年轻人提供了一个良好的环境和影响。如何接近喜欢出去玩的青少年的习惯,通过创建一个伊斯兰咖啡馆来促进他们。在cafe 99,研究人员将更深入地研究da'wah的各个阶段如何对当地年轻人的生活产生重大影响。达瓦的修持是通过取、合、释来实现的。还设有阶段:问答环节,讨论,例子和技术可能性的最佳使用,沟通年轻人的才能和兴趣:体育和艺术。此外,还需要各种支撑。努力如与其他组织相关机构合作,包括社区领袖、政府、教师、青年自己。所有这一切都是由99 cafe Bogor Regency的穆斯林年轻人共同完成的,他们努力提高周围青少年的伊斯兰教道德。
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引用次数: 0
Sosialisasi Pentingnya Pendidikan Tinggi di Madrasah ‘Aliyah Raudlatul Ulum Ledokombo Jember 伊斯兰学校高等教育的重要性社会化
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v9i2.63
Husniatul Haliyah, Mita Apriliya Faradipa, Nailiyah Basirah, Izzay Afkarina
The socialization of the importance of higher education for MA graduates and the equivalent aims to provide understanding and motivation to MA and equialent students who will graduate so they can consider well and to the tertiary level to continue their education tp the tertiary level, considering the importance of higher education to prepare the next generation who have broad insight so that they can empowered in future national development. This activity was carried out at MARaudlatul Ulum which was attended by 3 th grade 2 class. This activity went smoothly according to plan. While the method used in this service activity is to conduct socialization and discussions related to the material of theimportance of higher education. The resultof this activity is that the participans are more understanding and motivated to continue their education to higher education after graduating from MA later
高等教育对硕士毕业生和同等学历的重要性的社会化旨在为即将毕业的硕士和同等学历的学生提供理解和动力,使他们能够很好地考虑到高等教育的重要性,以便他们能够继续接受高等教育,并考虑到高等教育对培养具有广泛洞察力的下一代的重要性,以便他们能够在未来的国家发展中发挥作用。本次活动在MARaudlatul Ulum进行,参加活动的是三年级二班。活动按计划顺利进行。而在这种服务活动中使用的方法是进行社会化和讨论有关高等教育的重要性的材料。这次活动的结果是,参与者更了解和动力继续接受高等教育后,从硕士毕业
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引用次数: 0
Pengabdian Masyarakat: Penerapan Metode At-Tartil terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Baca al-Quran di TPQ Darussalam Kecamatan Krian, Sidoarjo 社区服务:应用 At-Tartil 方法提高西岛省克里安县 TPQ Darussalam 的《古兰经》阅读能力
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v9i2.64
Nasirudin Al Ahsani, Diana Rahmawati Yuhro
Often found also in the process of learning the Qur'an in various places is less effective. Tension, reticence, and egotism are some of these tendencies to distance. As a result, both teachers and students do not have the freedom to express themselves fully. Conditions like this will eventually lead to stagnation in the process of developing ideas, ideas and creativity in learning. Furthermore, teaching and learning activities will only be an activity that is monotonous, uninteresting, and becomes a boring routine. This service uses the Asset Based Community Development method. The location of the service was carried out at TPQ Darussalam, Krian sub-district, Sidoarjo district. This service aims to 1) identify and describe the application of the At-Tartil method, 2) identify and describe the improvement in the ability to read the Koran at TPQ Darussalam. This service was carried out at TPQ Darussalam Krian with the head of TPQ as an informant. Collecting data in the service this time using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results obtained in this service 1) the use of the At-Tartil method as an effective method yielded results at TPQ Darussalam, 2) there was an increase in the ability to read the Koran with the al-Tatwir method.
常常也发现在学习古兰经的过程中,在各个地方效果不太好。紧张、沉默寡言和自我中心是疏远的一些倾向。因此,教师和学生都没有充分表达自己的自由。这样的情况最终会导致在学习中发展思想、想法和创造力的过程停滞不前。此外,教学活动只会是一项单调、无趣的活动,成为一种无聊的例行公事。该服务使用基于资产的社区开发方法。服务地点在Sidoarjo区Krian分区达鲁萨兰TPQ进行。本服务旨在1)识别和描述at - tartil方法的应用,2)识别和描述在达鲁萨兰国TPQ阅读《古兰经》能力的提高。这项服务是在达鲁萨兰克里安TPQ进行的,TPQ的负责人作为线人。这次使用访谈、观察和文档收集服务中的数据。在这项服务中获得的结果是:1)使用at - tartil方法作为一种有效的方法,在达鲁萨兰国TPQ取得了结果;2)使用al-Tatwir方法阅读《古兰经》的能力有所提高。
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引用次数: 0
Pengembangan Masyarakat melalui Penetapan dan Penegasan Batas di Desa Ledokombo Kabupaten Jember 通过Jember区的Ledokombo村的建立和确认边界来建立社区
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.35719/altatwir.v9i2.57
Fikri Habibur Rohman, Julio Sukamto, Robi Mohammad Arifin, Muhammad Farhan Alfiansyah
Ledokombo Village is a village which is located in Ledokombo District, Jember Regency. Ledokombo Village is a village that has 3 Krajan Hamlets, Sumber Nangka Hamlet, and Krajan Hamlet. Lodokombo Village itself has an area limit of 658.5 hectares. Lodokombo District has several villages and one of them is Ledokombo Village, and this Ledokombo Village there must be a re-emphasis on the boundary between Ledokombo Village and other villages. The emphasis here is not only oriented to village boundaries but also to Dusun boundaries, the emphasis here is also a manifestation of increasing awareness of village and hamlet boundaries for the people of Ledokombo Village. Our service is nothing but the aim of preventing conflicts between village boundaries and hamlets in Lodokombo Village. The determination and affirmation of village boundaries has an important and positive impact on the community as stated in Permendagri Number 27 of 2006. So the substance can be seen how important village boundaries are to clarify or reinforce village boundaries with one another
Ledokombo Village是位于Jember Regency Ledokombo区的一个村庄。Ledokombo村是一个村庄,有三个Krajan哈姆雷特,Sumber Nangka哈姆雷特和Krajan哈姆雷特。Lodokombo村本身的面积限制为658.5公顷。Lodokombo地区有几个村庄,其中一个是Ledokombo村,这个Ledokombo村必须重新强调Ledokombo村和其他村庄之间的边界。这里强调的不仅仅是村落边界,还有都松边界,这里强调的也是Ledokombo村人们对村落和村庄边界意识不断增强的一种表现。我们的服务只是为了防止Lodokombo村的村庄边界和村庄之间的冲突。正如2006年第27号Permendagri所述,村庄边界的确定和肯定对社区具有重要和积极的影响。由此可见,村庄边界对于澄清或加强村庄之间的边界是多么重要
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引用次数: 0
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Jurnal Al-Tatwir
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