Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.999923
Lucía Morillas-Becerill, L. De Cola, J. Zuidema
There are many challenges in delivering active pharmaceutical ingredients from biomaterials, including retention of payload activity, accurate temporal release, and precise spatial administration, to name only a few. With our constantly increasing knowledge of biology and physiology, pathologies that require therapeutic interventions are becoming more understood. While the desired temporal and spatial administration of a therapy might be theorized, the ability to deliver an active therapeutic in a precise location during a specific time frame is often challenging. This has led researchers to develop hybrid biomaterials containing inorganic nanoparticles in order to combine the advantages of both inorganics and organics in payload delivery applications. Organic materials have many beneficial properties, including the ability to form networks and matrices to create three-dimensional structures from the nanometer to centimeter scale, biodegradability, the versatility to use both synthetic and natural precursors, and ease of chemical modifications, while inorganic materials offer highly controllable nanoscale features, can entrap and protect therapeutics, and have degradation properties that can be tightly regulated. Here in, we discuss the current state-of-the-art in active pharmaceutical ingredient delivery from biomaterial hybrids, demonstrate the added levels of control that these hybrid biomaterials offer, and give our perspective on future innovations in the field.
{"title":"Inorganic nanoparticle empowered biomaterial hybrids: Engineered payload release","authors":"Lucía Morillas-Becerill, L. De Cola, J. Zuidema","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.999923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.999923","url":null,"abstract":"There are many challenges in delivering active pharmaceutical ingredients from biomaterials, including retention of payload activity, accurate temporal release, and precise spatial administration, to name only a few. With our constantly increasing knowledge of biology and physiology, pathologies that require therapeutic interventions are becoming more understood. While the desired temporal and spatial administration of a therapy might be theorized, the ability to deliver an active therapeutic in a precise location during a specific time frame is often challenging. This has led researchers to develop hybrid biomaterials containing inorganic nanoparticles in order to combine the advantages of both inorganics and organics in payload delivery applications. Organic materials have many beneficial properties, including the ability to form networks and matrices to create three-dimensional structures from the nanometer to centimeter scale, biodegradability, the versatility to use both synthetic and natural precursors, and ease of chemical modifications, while inorganic materials offer highly controllable nanoscale features, can entrap and protect therapeutics, and have degradation properties that can be tightly regulated. Here in, we discuss the current state-of-the-art in active pharmaceutical ingredient delivery from biomaterial hybrids, demonstrate the added levels of control that these hybrid biomaterials offer, and give our perspective on future innovations in the field.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45168790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.987117
P. Askenase
We propose therapy with extracellular vesicles (EVs) for dominant central nervous system aspects of chronic Long COVID Syndromes (LCS). These clinical conditions have a delayed onset of 1–3 months following the cessation of active SARS-CoV-2 virus infections that cause an acute disease called COVID-19. The therapy of LCS will be achieved by direct access to the central nervous system (CNS) by nasal administration of small EVs derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC). When administered nasally, they target CNS microglia and endothelia involved in LCS encephalopathy, as indicated by experimental animal models and human autopsy and spinal fluid studies. Underlying this approach is the discovery that MSC-sEV treatment for healing neuro injury targets, microglia, and macrophages that then likely release secondary trophic EVs that affect the local capillary endothelial cells to restore vascular integrity. It is postulated that the pathways of endothelial and neural pathologies in acute SARS-CoV-2 virus infections may carry over to produce underlying vascular and neurological defects mediating LCS that are susceptible to this proposed nasal therapy with MSC-sEVs.
{"title":"Recommendation: Treatment of clinical long COVID encephalopathies with nasal administered mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles","authors":"P. Askenase","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.987117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.987117","url":null,"abstract":"We propose therapy with extracellular vesicles (EVs) for dominant central nervous system aspects of chronic Long COVID Syndromes (LCS). These clinical conditions have a delayed onset of 1–3 months following the cessation of active SARS-CoV-2 virus infections that cause an acute disease called COVID-19. The therapy of LCS will be achieved by direct access to the central nervous system (CNS) by nasal administration of small EVs derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC). When administered nasally, they target CNS microglia and endothelia involved in LCS encephalopathy, as indicated by experimental animal models and human autopsy and spinal fluid studies. Underlying this approach is the discovery that MSC-sEV treatment for healing neuro injury targets, microglia, and macrophages that then likely release secondary trophic EVs that affect the local capillary endothelial cells to restore vascular integrity. It is postulated that the pathways of endothelial and neural pathologies in acute SARS-CoV-2 virus infections may carry over to produce underlying vascular and neurological defects mediating LCS that are susceptible to this proposed nasal therapy with MSC-sEVs.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47309373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.982644
K. Yeritsyan, M. Valant, A. Badasyan
Numerous nanobiotechnologies include manipulations of short polypeptide chains. The conformational properties of these polypeptides are studied in vitro by circular dichroism and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. To find out the interaction parameters, the measured temperature dependence of normalized helicity degree needs to be further processed by fitting to a model. Using recent advances in the Hamiltonian formulation of the classical Zimm and Bragg model, we explicitly include chain length and solvent effects in the theoretical description. The expression for the helicity degree we suggest successfully fits the experimental data and provides hydrogen bonding energies and nucleation parameter values within the standards in the field.
{"title":"Processing helix–coil transition data: Account of chain length and solvent effects","authors":"K. Yeritsyan, M. Valant, A. Badasyan","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.982644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.982644","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous nanobiotechnologies include manipulations of short polypeptide chains. The conformational properties of these polypeptides are studied in vitro by circular dichroism and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. To find out the interaction parameters, the measured temperature dependence of normalized helicity degree needs to be further processed by fitting to a model. Using recent advances in the Hamiltonian formulation of the classical Zimm and Bragg model, we explicitly include chain length and solvent effects in the theoretical description. The expression for the helicity degree we suggest successfully fits the experimental data and provides hydrogen bonding energies and nucleation parameter values within the standards in the field.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47593451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.998656
D. Armstrong, A. Stilgoe, T. Nieminen, H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop
We demonstrate the effectiveness of phase only aberration corrections of structured light and their application to versatile optical trapping setups. We calculate phase corrections before (ex-situ) and after (in-situ) a high numerical aperture microscope objective using a spatial light modulator (SLM), and investigate how these corrections can be used to improve the efficiency and resolution of micro-structures fabricated through two-photon-photopolymerisation (2PP). We apply a phase retrieval algorithm to correct for distortions in a femtosecond laser that enables the fabrication of 3D structures using as many as 50 simultaneous foci. The inclusion of aberration correction in the fabrication process shows improved confinement of optically trapped particles and more efficient polymerisation while minimising intensity variations at individual foci, which potentially damage the structure during fabrication. We find that phase corrections allow for consistent voxel sizes, increased sharpness, and an expanded effective printing range when using an SLM, while also allowing for closer proximity of individual trap foci, minimising interference effects that hinder fabrication resolution.
{"title":"Improved two-photon photopolymerisation and optical trapping with aberration-corrected structured light","authors":"D. Armstrong, A. Stilgoe, T. Nieminen, H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.998656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.998656","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the effectiveness of phase only aberration corrections of structured light and their application to versatile optical trapping setups. We calculate phase corrections before (ex-situ) and after (in-situ) a high numerical aperture microscope objective using a spatial light modulator (SLM), and investigate how these corrections can be used to improve the efficiency and resolution of micro-structures fabricated through two-photon-photopolymerisation (2PP). We apply a phase retrieval algorithm to correct for distortions in a femtosecond laser that enables the fabrication of 3D structures using as many as 50 simultaneous foci. The inclusion of aberration correction in the fabrication process shows improved confinement of optically trapped particles and more efficient polymerisation while minimising intensity variations at individual foci, which potentially damage the structure during fabrication. We find that phase corrections allow for consistent voxel sizes, increased sharpness, and an expanded effective printing range when using an SLM, while also allowing for closer proximity of individual trap foci, minimising interference effects that hinder fabrication resolution.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44484003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.952200
Zhiming Liu, Yu Tian, Peng Wang, Guoxin Zhang
Limited by the disadvantages of low theoretical capacity, sluggish lithium ion deintercalation kinetics as well as inferior energy density, traditional graphite anode material has failed to meet the ever-increasing specific energy demand for lithium-ion battery technologies. Therefore, constructing high-efficiency and stable anodes is of great significance for the practical application of lithium-ion batteries. In response, graphene-based composite anodes have recently achieved much-enhanced electrochemical performance due to their unique two-dimensional cellular lattice structure, excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area and superior physicochemical stability. In this review, we start with the geometric and electronic properties of graphene, and then summarize the recent progresses of graphene preparation in terms of both methods and characteristics. Subsequently, we focus on the applications of various graphene based lithium-ion battery anodes and their inherent structure-activity relationships. Finally, the challenges and advisory guidelines for graphene composites are discussed. This review aims to provide a fresh perspective on structure optimization and performance modulation of graphene-based composites as lithium-ion battery anodes.
{"title":"Applications of graphene-based composites in the anode of lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Zhiming Liu, Yu Tian, Peng Wang, Guoxin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.952200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.952200","url":null,"abstract":"Limited by the disadvantages of low theoretical capacity, sluggish lithium ion deintercalation kinetics as well as inferior energy density, traditional graphite anode material has failed to meet the ever-increasing specific energy demand for lithium-ion battery technologies. Therefore, constructing high-efficiency and stable anodes is of great significance for the practical application of lithium-ion batteries. In response, graphene-based composite anodes have recently achieved much-enhanced electrochemical performance due to their unique two-dimensional cellular lattice structure, excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area and superior physicochemical stability. In this review, we start with the geometric and electronic properties of graphene, and then summarize the recent progresses of graphene preparation in terms of both methods and characteristics. Subsequently, we focus on the applications of various graphene based lithium-ion battery anodes and their inherent structure-activity relationships. Finally, the challenges and advisory guidelines for graphene composites are discussed. This review aims to provide a fresh perspective on structure optimization and performance modulation of graphene-based composites as lithium-ion battery anodes.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47122378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.987034
C. Sbarigia, D. Vardanyan, L. Buccini, S. Tacconi, L. Dini
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely recognized as intercellular communication mediators. Among the different biological processes, EVs play a role in viral infections, supporting virus entrance and spread into host cells and immune response evasion. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection became an urgent public health issue with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, being responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. Since EVs are implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a morphological and functional level, they have gained growing interest for a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and represent possible diagnostic tools to track the disease progression. Furthermore, thanks to their biocompatibility and efficient immune activation, the use of EVs may also represent a promising strategy for the development of new therapeutic strategies against COVID-19. In this review, we explore the role of EVs in viral infections with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathogenesis, considering recent morphometric studies. The common biogenesis aspects and structural similarities between EVs and SARS-CoV-2 will be examined, offering a panoramic of their multifaceted interplay and presenting EVs as a machinery supporting the viral cycle. On the other hand, EVs may be exploited as early diagnostic biomarkers and efficient carriers for drug delivery and vaccination, and ongoing studies will be reviewed to highlight EVs as potential alternative therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 and extracellular vesicles: An intricate interplay in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment","authors":"C. Sbarigia, D. Vardanyan, L. Buccini, S. Tacconi, L. Dini","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.987034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.987034","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely recognized as intercellular communication mediators. Among the different biological processes, EVs play a role in viral infections, supporting virus entrance and spread into host cells and immune response evasion. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection became an urgent public health issue with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, being responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. Since EVs are implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a morphological and functional level, they have gained growing interest for a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and represent possible diagnostic tools to track the disease progression. Furthermore, thanks to their biocompatibility and efficient immune activation, the use of EVs may also represent a promising strategy for the development of new therapeutic strategies against COVID-19. In this review, we explore the role of EVs in viral infections with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathogenesis, considering recent morphometric studies. The common biogenesis aspects and structural similarities between EVs and SARS-CoV-2 will be examined, offering a panoramic of their multifaceted interplay and presenting EVs as a machinery supporting the viral cycle. On the other hand, EVs may be exploited as early diagnostic biomarkers and efficient carriers for drug delivery and vaccination, and ongoing studies will be reviewed to highlight EVs as potential alternative therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42162723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.836802
L. A. Gusmão, F. S. Matsuo, H. F. Barbosa, A. Tedesco
The development of nano-based materials for diagnosis enables a more precise prognosis and results. Inorganic, organic, or hybrid nanoparticles using nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, extracellular vesicle systems, and others, with different molecular compositions, have been extensively explored as a better strategy to overcome the blood-brain barrier and target brain tissue and tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system, with a short, established prognosis. The delay in early detection is considered a key challenge in designing a precise and efficient treatment with the most encouraging prognosis. Therefore, the present mini-review focuses on discussing distinct strategies presented recently in the literature regarding nanostructures’ use, design, and application for GBM diagnosis.
{"title":"Advances in nano-based materials for glioblastoma multiforme diagnosis: A mini-review","authors":"L. A. Gusmão, F. S. Matsuo, H. F. Barbosa, A. Tedesco","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.836802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.836802","url":null,"abstract":"The development of nano-based materials for diagnosis enables a more precise prognosis and results. Inorganic, organic, or hybrid nanoparticles using nanomaterials, such as quantum dots, extracellular vesicle systems, and others, with different molecular compositions, have been extensively explored as a better strategy to overcome the blood-brain barrier and target brain tissue and tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system, with a short, established prognosis. The delay in early detection is considered a key challenge in designing a precise and efficient treatment with the most encouraging prognosis. Therefore, the present mini-review focuses on discussing distinct strategies presented recently in the literature regarding nanostructures’ use, design, and application for GBM diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43498435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.884149
Thomas M Linker, S. Fukushima, R. Kalia, A. Krishnamoorthy, A. Nakano, K. Nomura, K. Shimamura, F. Shimojo, P. Vashishta
Recent discoveries of polar topological structures (e.g., skyrmions and merons) in ferroelectric/paraelectric heterostructures have opened a new field of polar topotronics. However, how complex interplay of photoexcitation, electric field and mechanical strain controls these topological structures remains elusive. To address this challenge, we have developed a computational approach at the nexus of machine learning and first-principles simulations. Our multiscale neural-network quantum molecular dynamics molecular mechanics approach achieves orders-of-magnitude faster computation, while maintaining quantum-mechanical accuracy for atoms within the region of interest. This approach has enabled us to investigate the dynamics of vortex states formed in PbTiO3 nanowires embedded in SrTiO3. We find topological switching of these vortex states to topologically trivial, uniformly polarized states using electric field and trivial domain-wall states using shear strain. These results, along with our earlier results on optical control of polar topology, suggest an exciting new avenue toward opto-electro-mechanical control of ultrafast, ultralow-power polar topotronic devices.
{"title":"Towards computational polar-topotronics: Multiscale neural-network quantum molecular dynamics simulations of polar vortex states in SrTiO3/PbTiO3 nanowires","authors":"Thomas M Linker, S. Fukushima, R. Kalia, A. Krishnamoorthy, A. Nakano, K. Nomura, K. Shimamura, F. Shimojo, P. Vashishta","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.884149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.884149","url":null,"abstract":"Recent discoveries of polar topological structures (e.g., skyrmions and merons) in ferroelectric/paraelectric heterostructures have opened a new field of polar topotronics. However, how complex interplay of photoexcitation, electric field and mechanical strain controls these topological structures remains elusive. To address this challenge, we have developed a computational approach at the nexus of machine learning and first-principles simulations. Our multiscale neural-network quantum molecular dynamics molecular mechanics approach achieves orders-of-magnitude faster computation, while maintaining quantum-mechanical accuracy for atoms within the region of interest. This approach has enabled us to investigate the dynamics of vortex states formed in PbTiO3 nanowires embedded in SrTiO3. We find topological switching of these vortex states to topologically trivial, uniformly polarized states using electric field and trivial domain-wall states using shear strain. These results, along with our earlier results on optical control of polar topology, suggest an exciting new avenue toward opto-electro-mechanical control of ultrafast, ultralow-power polar topotronic devices.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46101064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.887715
Ningyu Wang, Yuzhou Zhao, M. Prodanović, M. Balhoff, C. Huh
As the important role of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in meeting the world’s energy requirement is growing, use of nanoparticles in lieu of, or in combination with, the existing EOR agents to expand EOR’s applicable range is receiving significant attention. Two of the most actively investigated applications are: 1) wettability alteration by addition of nanoparticles into the waterflood injection water, and 2) use of nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering foams and emulsions mainly for EOR process mobility control. As comprehensive reviews are recently available on these topics, two other emerging nanoparticle applications are critically reviewed here: 1) nanoparticle addition for enhanced polymer flooding, and 2) use of magnetic nanoparticles for oil displacement control. Three and five proposed mechanisms of these two applications are critically reviewed, respectively. The most recent progresses are covered, and the challenges and possible future works are discussed.
{"title":"12012 fundamental mechanisms behind nanotechnology applications in oil and gas: Emerging nano-EOR processes","authors":"Ningyu Wang, Yuzhou Zhao, M. Prodanović, M. Balhoff, C. Huh","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.887715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.887715","url":null,"abstract":"As the important role of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in meeting the world’s energy requirement is growing, use of nanoparticles in lieu of, or in combination with, the existing EOR agents to expand EOR’s applicable range is receiving significant attention. Two of the most actively investigated applications are: 1) wettability alteration by addition of nanoparticles into the waterflood injection water, and 2) use of nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering foams and emulsions mainly for EOR process mobility control. As comprehensive reviews are recently available on these topics, two other emerging nanoparticle applications are critically reviewed here: 1) nanoparticle addition for enhanced polymer flooding, and 2) use of magnetic nanoparticles for oil displacement control. Three and five proposed mechanisms of these two applications are critically reviewed, respectively. The most recent progresses are covered, and the challenges and possible future works are discussed.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48938498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.900592
X. Wen, M. Halter, L. Bégon-Lours, M. Luisier
The quasistatic and transient transfer characteristics of Hf0.57Zr0.43O2 (HZO)-based ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with a WO x channel are investigated using a 2-D time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model as implemented in a state-of-the-art technology computer aided design tool. Starting from an existing FeFET configuration, the influence of different design parameters and geometries is analyzed before providing guidelines for next-generation devices with an increased “high (R H ) to low (R L )” resistance ratio, i.e., R H /R L . The suitability of FeFETs as solid-state synapses in memristive crossbar arrays depends on this parameter. Simulations predict that a 13 times larger R H /R L ratio can be achieved in a double-gate FeFET, as compared to a back-gated one with the same channel geometry and ferroelectric layer. The observed improvement can be attributed to the enhanced electrostatic control over the semiconducting channel thanks to the addition of a second gate. A similar effect is obtained by thinning either the HZO dielectric or the WO x channel. These findings could pave the way for FeFETs with enhanced synaptic-like properties that play a key role in future neuromorphic computing applications.
利用二维时间相关的金兹堡-朗道模型，研究了具有WO x沟道的Hf0.57Zr0.43O2 (HZO)基铁电场效应晶体管(fefet)的准静态和瞬态转移特性。从现有的ffet结构出发，分析了不同设计参数和几何形状的影响，然后为具有更高的“高(R H)到低(R L)”电阻比(即R H /R L)的下一代器件提供指导。在忆阻交叉棒阵列中，效应场效应管作为固态突触的适用性取决于这个参数。模拟结果表明，与具有相同通道几何形状和铁电层的背门控场效应管相比，双栅场效应管的rh / rl比可以提高13倍。所观察到的改进可归因于由于增加了第二个栅极而增强了对半导体通道的静电控制。通过稀释HZO电介质或wox通道可以获得类似的效果。这些发现可能为具有增强突触样特性的效应场效应管铺平道路，这些特性在未来的神经形态计算应用中发挥关键作用。
{"title":"Physical modeling of HZO-based ferroelectric field-effect transistors with a WO x channel","authors":"X. Wen, M. Halter, L. Bégon-Lours, M. Luisier","doi":"10.3389/fnano.2022.900592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnano.2022.900592","url":null,"abstract":"The quasistatic and transient transfer characteristics of Hf0.57Zr0.43O2 (HZO)-based ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with a WO x channel are investigated using a 2-D time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model as implemented in a state-of-the-art technology computer aided design tool. Starting from an existing FeFET configuration, the influence of different design parameters and geometries is analyzed before providing guidelines for next-generation devices with an increased “high (R H ) to low (R L )” resistance ratio, i.e., R H /R L . The suitability of FeFETs as solid-state synapses in memristive crossbar arrays depends on this parameter. Simulations predict that a 13 times larger R H /R L ratio can be achieved in a double-gate FeFET, as compared to a back-gated one with the same channel geometry and ferroelectric layer. The observed improvement can be attributed to the enhanced electrostatic control over the semiconducting channel thanks to the addition of a second gate. A similar effect is obtained by thinning either the HZO dielectric or the WO x channel. These findings could pave the way for FeFETs with enhanced synaptic-like properties that play a key role in future neuromorphic computing applications.","PeriodicalId":34432,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41584164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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