Titanium alloy materials are widely used in the marine and aviation fields due to their excellent properties. The submersible sailing on the water surface is faster than underwater diving, so once an accident occurs, the consequences are unimaginable. Based on the failure criterion of the J-K model, this paper uses finite element simulation software to study the impact of impact velocity and impact angle on the collision response of a titanium alloy cylindrical pressure shell, providing a reference for the deep sea titanium alloy pressure shell.
{"title":"Research on Collision Response of Titanium Alloy Cylindrical Pressure Shell","authors":"Lin Wang, Xiang Jiang, Lei Huang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84046","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium alloy materials are widely used in the marine and aviation fields due to their excellent properties. The submersible sailing on the water surface is faster than underwater diving, so once an accident occurs, the consequences are unimaginable. Based on the failure criterion of the J-K model, this paper uses finite element simulation software to study the impact of impact velocity and impact angle on the collision response of a titanium alloy cylindrical pressure shell, providing a reference for the deep sea titanium alloy pressure shell.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130010842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ndzana Jean Calvin, Yeremou Tamtsia Aurelien, Mane Mane Jeannot, Assiene Mouodo Luc Vivien, Nkotto Akono Cyrille
The objective of this article is to make a contribution relating to the modeling, control, simulation and stabilization of a complex system, with six degrees of freedom of a particular drone which presents many advantages and challenges. On the technological, military, political and other levels with an enormous and beneficial social contribution, it is a quadrotor which is a nonlinear, strongly coupled and unstable system. Such a structure is difficult to master, because the control is multivariable in the sense that six degrees of freedom are to be controlled simultaneously and operating in an environment subject to disturbances. Two commands, in particular Backstepping and PID, will be applied to obtain the stabilization of the quadcopter at the desired values, in attitude and in altitude. This article presents the comparative results of the performance of the quadcopter under the two controls. The effect of the parameters of each command on the response time of the system is elucidated under the Matlab/Simulink environment. For a simulation time of up to 10 seconds minimum with a less good response time of almost 2 seconds for the PID control, these results prove the robustness of the Backstepping command.
{"title":"Contribution to the Control and Command of a Quadrirotor with Six Degrees of Freedom in an Urban Environment","authors":"Ndzana Jean Calvin, Yeremou Tamtsia Aurelien, Mane Mane Jeannot, Assiene Mouodo Luc Vivien, Nkotto Akono Cyrille","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84059","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to make a contribution relating to the \u0000modeling, control, simulation and stabilization of a complex system, with six \u0000degrees of freedom of a particular drone which presents many advantages and \u0000challenges. On the technological, military, political and other levels with an \u0000enormous and beneficial social contribution, it is a quadrotor which is a nonlinear, strongly \u0000coupled and unstable system. Such a structure is difficult to master, because the control is \u0000multivariable in the sense that six degrees of freedom are to be controlled \u0000simultaneously and operating in an environment subject to disturbances. Two \u0000commands, in particular Backstepping and PID, will be applied to obtain the \u0000stabilization of the quadcopter at the desired values, in attitude and in \u0000altitude. This article presents the comparative results of the performance of \u0000the quadcopter under the two controls. The effect of the parameters of each \u0000command on the response time of the system is elucidated under the \u0000Matlab/Simulink environment. For a simulation time of up to 10 seconds minimum \u0000with a less good response time of almost 2 seconds for the PID control, these results prove the \u0000robustness of the Backstepping command.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130911839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
3D printing technology, as one of the most subversive technologies in the 21st century, processes the entity through layer by layer superposition. It breaks through the design constraints and adapts to customized production with high flexibility, which is an important direction of industrial development in the future. 3C product has a very board application market and groups, so it has been widely valued over the world. The advantages of 3D printing technology are very suitable for the characteristics of 3C product, such as diversification, small-volume, personalized. Here, the impact of 3D printing technology on manufacturing industry is firstly discussed; 3C product manufacturing system integrated with 3D printing is finally put proposed. The advantages of the proposed system possess shorter manufacturing cycle, supply chain and logistics. It makes easier to realize personalized 3C product, localized manufacturing and reduce cost. The development and wide application of 3D printing technology in 3C product industry will make the manufacture of low-cost small batch or even individual customized products into a general mode towards the trend of “light luxury + light customization”.
{"title":"Effect of 3D Printing Technology on 3C Product Manufacturing","authors":"G. Shang, Chunhua Sun","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84051","url":null,"abstract":"3D printing technology, as one of the most subversive technologies in the 21st century, processes the entity through layer by layer superposition. It breaks through the design constraints and adapts to customized production with high flexibility, which is an important direction of industrial development in the future. 3C product has a very board application market and groups, so it has been widely valued over the world. The advantages of 3D printing technology are very suitable for the characteristics of 3C product, such as diversification, small-volume, personalized. Here, the impact of 3D printing technology on manufacturing industry is firstly discussed; 3C product manufacturing system integrated with 3D printing is finally put proposed. The advantages of the proposed system possess shorter manufacturing cycle, supply chain and logistics. It makes easier to realize personalized 3C product, localized manufacturing and reduce cost. The development and wide application of 3D printing technology in 3C product industry will make the manufacture of low-cost small batch or even individual customized products into a general mode towards the trend of “light luxury + light customization”.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123615957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The letter presents an analysis of interference fit of the electric spindle at different rotor speeds due to the influence of centrifugal force and provides a theoretical formula showing the relationship of the speed, stress on the rotation speed. The letter also established a finite element model of the interference fit. The study found that as the rotation speed increases, the interference and contact stress between the spindle and the rotor gradually decrease, and the reduced speed is proportional to the square of the rotation speed.
{"title":"The Influence of Centrifugal Force on the Interference Fit of High-Speed Electric Spindle","authors":"C. Ding, X. Qi, Zhenghua Gao, Lei Chang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84058","url":null,"abstract":"The letter presents an analysis of interference fit of the electric \u0000spindle at different rotor speeds due to the influence of centrifugal force and \u0000provides a \u0000theoretical formula showing the relationship of the speed, stress on the \u0000rotation speed. The letter also established a finite element model of the \u0000interference fit. The study found that as the rotation speed increases, the \u0000interference and contact stress between the spindle and the rotor gradually \u0000decrease, and the reduced speed is proportional to the square of the rotation \u0000speed.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130820152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The roads on the Macao Peninsula are famous for their short, fast, and small features. At the same time, due to the protection of historical and cultural sites, the road network system is mostly based on the planning and design of the previous road network system. Although the planning of the contemporary road network system is quite unique, it has not been considered to the contemporary transporting needs of the citizens of Macau. At the same time, the complexity of the road network makes zonings unobvious functional and mixes urban functions in the region. Therefore, through field surveys, the relevant data of the Macau Transport Bureau (DSAT) is combined to find out the current problems of the road traffic on the Macau Peninsula and analyze the strategy of optimizing the “public transport priority” public transportation prove system. At Last, regarding the citizen as the core and find out the relationship between passengers and the public transportation system to explore the future development direction of the road traffic planning and design of the Macau Peninsula will become the main direction of this study.
{"title":"Discussion on Road Traffic Problems and “Public Transport Priority” Policy in the Macau Peninsula","authors":"Ziwei Huang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84044","url":null,"abstract":"The roads on the Macao Peninsula are famous for their short, fast, and small features. At the same time, due to the protection of historical and cultural sites, the road network system is mostly based on the planning and design of the previous road network system. Although the planning of the contemporary road network system is quite unique, it has not been considered to the contemporary transporting needs of the citizens of Macau. At the same time, the complexity of the road network makes zonings unobvious functional and mixes urban functions in the region. Therefore, through field surveys, the relevant data of the Macau Transport Bureau (DSAT) is combined to find out the current problems of the road traffic on the Macau Peninsula and analyze the strategy of optimizing the “public transport priority” public transportation prove system. At Last, regarding the citizen as the core and find out the relationship between passengers and the public transportation system to explore the future development direction of the road traffic planning and design of the Macau Peninsula will become the main direction of this study.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121142848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of an electrical network as close as possible to its limits can lead to its instability in the event of a high amplitude disturbance. The damping of system oscillations can be achieved by conventional means of voltage and speed regulation but also by FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices, which are increasingly used in power networks. In this work, optimal control coordination between a hybrid power flow controller and a three-level inverter was used to improve the transient stability of a transmission line. The UPFC is a combination of a serial compensator (SSSC) and a parallel compensator (STATCOM) both connected to a DC-LINK DC bus. The SSSC acts as a voltage source for the network and injects a voltage that can be adjusted in phase and amplitude in addition to the network voltage; the STATCOM acts as a current source. The approach used is tested in the Matlab Simulink environment on a single machine network. Optimal controller tuning gives a better transient stability improvement by reducing the transport angle oscillations from 248.17% to 9.85%.
{"title":"Contribution to the Optimization of the Transient Stability of an Electric Power Transmission Network Using a Universal Power Flow Compensator Controlled by a Three-Stage Inverter","authors":"Koko Koko Joseph, N. N. Léandre, N. Salomé","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84048","url":null,"abstract":"The use of an electrical network as close as possible to its limits can lead to its instability in the event of a high amplitude disturbance. The damping of system oscillations can be achieved by conventional means of voltage and speed regulation but also by FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices, which are increasingly used in power networks. In this work, optimal control coordination between a hybrid power flow controller and a three-level inverter was used to improve the transient stability of a transmission line. The UPFC is a combination of a serial compensator (SSSC) and a parallel compensator (STATCOM) both connected to a DC-LINK DC bus. The SSSC acts as a voltage source for the network and injects a voltage that can be adjusted in phase and amplitude in addition to the network voltage; the STATCOM acts as a current source. The approach used is tested in the Matlab Simulink environment on a single machine network. Optimal controller tuning gives a better transient stability improvement by reducing the transport angle oscillations from 248.17% to 9.85%.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115153658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To achieve the monitor of rock burst in coal mine with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing, the coupling mechanism between FBG and shock waves was theoretically analyzed. Based on Housner’s random shock model, the coupling mechanism between shock waves and FBG was theoretically analyzed. The result shows that the wave will change the period Ʌ and effective refractive index n of FBG, and further affect the initial wavelength value. The amplitude, phase and frequency of shock wave are directly related to the wavelength drifts of FBG. The transmitting velocity of shock wave in rock is affected by lithologic characteristics. The Elastic modulus, density and Poisson’s ratio of rock influence the initial wavelength value of FBG. This study provided a theoretical basis and practical application guidance for coal or rock burst monitoring with FBG sensing.
{"title":"Theoretical Study of Coupling Mechanism between FBG and Shock Waves of Rock Burst","authors":"S. Wei, Zesheng Zhang, Yao Wang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84057","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve \u0000the monitor of rock burst in coal mine with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing, the \u0000coupling mechanism between FBG and shock waves was theoretically analyzed. Based on Housner’s random shock \u0000model, the coupling mechanism between shock waves and FBG was theoretically \u0000analyzed. The result shows that the wave will change the period Ʌ and \u0000effective refractive index n of FBG, and further \u0000affect the initial wavelength value. The amplitude, phase and frequency of \u0000shock wave are directly related to the wavelength drifts of FBG. The \u0000transmitting velocity of shock wave in rock is affected by lithologic \u0000characteristics. The Elastic modulus, density and Poisson’s ratio of rock \u0000influence the initial wavelength value of FBG. This study provided a \u0000theoretical basis and practical application guidance for coal or rock burst \u0000monitoring with FBG sensing.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128810114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless Sensor Network (Wireless Sensor Network, WSN) is a self-organizing network formed by a large number of wireless sensor nodes through radio communication [1]. The sensor nodes in the network cooperate with each other to monitor and collect the object information in the observation area, and the information is transmitted to the users who need this information after data fusion processing. It is often deployed in harsh environments, such as oceans, deep forests, and deserts. At the same time, the sensor nodes in the network are powered by batteries [2]. These external factors make it impossible to replace batteries manually. Therefore, energy is an important resource for wireless sensor networks [3]. In this paper, aiming at the problems of LEACH inter-cluster communication, from the perspective of energy saving, an improved strategy using inter-cluster ring routing is proposed. This strategy first abstracts all sensor nodes into a ring system model during the network topology formation stage. In the data transmission stage, a ring transmission strategy is adopted, and nodes on the ring are used to randomly and evenly undertake data transmission tasks, so the imbalance of energy consumption of sensor nodes can be effectively reduced. Simulation experiments show that this strategy can extend the network life cycle to a certain extent.
{"title":"Improvement of LEACH Algorithm Based on Inter-Cluster Ring Routing Strategy","authors":"Quanquan Xiao, Xingming Hou","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84056","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Network (Wireless Sensor Network, \u0000WSN) is a self-organizing network formed by a large number of wireless sensor \u0000nodes through radio communication [1]. The \u0000sensor nodes in the network cooperate with each other to monitor and collect \u0000the object information in the observation area, and the information is \u0000transmitted to the users who need this information after data fusion \u0000processing. It is often deployed in harsh environments, such as oceans, deep forests, and deserts. At the \u0000same time, the sensor nodes in the network are powered by batteries [2]. These \u0000external factors make it impossible to replace batteries manually. Therefore, \u0000energy is an important resource for wireless sensor networks [3]. In \u0000this paper, aiming at the problems of LEACH inter-cluster communication, from \u0000the perspective of energy saving, an improved strategy using inter-cluster ring \u0000routing is proposed. This strategy first abstracts all sensor nodes into a ring \u0000system model during the network topology formation stage. In the data transmission \u0000stage, a ring transmission strategy is adopted, and nodes on the ring are used \u0000to randomly and evenly undertake data transmission tasks, so the imbalance of \u0000energy consumption of sensor nodes can be effectively reduced. Simulation \u0000experiments show that this strategy can extend the network life cycle to a \u0000certain extent.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127212912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a case study of the geotechnical conditions encountered within a project at Saudi Arabia at both the Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) and Detailed Design geotechnical campaigns. The soil formations were considerably varied between the two investigations resulted in extensive ground improvement activities that have not been anticipated within the FEED stage. The overall objectives of such study are to explore the soil formations found, and to evaluate/summarize the soil treatment measures necessary for each of the two different campaigns in order for the project specifications in relation to settlement, bearing capacity, and liquefaction potential to be achieved. Moreover, the potential factors that may have affected the differences on the strength/density of the soils within the two different geotechnical campaigns that have been carried out at nearby locations are also explored. Based on the analysis conducted, it is concluded that soil strength on the FEED data ismuch higher compared to the strength on the Detailed Design soil data resulted on shifting the soil mitigation measures from light to severe, hence, leading to project both excessive cost and considerable increase on time schedule.
{"title":"Differences between the Geotechnical Campaigns at Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) and Detailed Design—A Case Study","authors":"E. Spyropoulos, A. Khan","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a case study of the geotechnical conditions encountered within a project at Saudi Arabia at both the Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) and Detailed Design geotechnical campaigns. The soil formations were considerably varied between the two investigations resulted in extensive ground improvement activities that have not been anticipated within the FEED stage. The overall objectives of such study are to explore the soil formations found, and to evaluate/summarize the soil treatment measures necessary for each of the two different campaigns in order for the project specifications in relation to settlement, bearing capacity, and liquefaction potential to be achieved. Moreover, the potential factors that may have affected the differences on the strength/density of the soils within the two different geotechnical campaigns that have been carried out at nearby locations are also explored. Based on the analysis conducted, it is concluded that soil strength on the FEED data ismuch higher compared to the strength on the Detailed Design soil data resulted on shifting the soil mitigation measures from light to severe, hence, leading to project both excessive cost and considerable increase on time schedule.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130705533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annealing is a heat treatment procedure in which the mechanical properties of a material are being altered, and such alterations cause changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. It is usually carried out to improve ductility and toughness, to reduce hardness and to remove carbides. This study deals with the use of image analysis processing method for the measurement of structure of six annealed samples of 0.17% High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) Steels (840°C - 990°C) with 30°C interval and 30 minutes soaking time. From the optical microscope images using Image J program, some parameters like calculation of area, pixel value statistics, distances and angles measurements, edge detection, such as the circularity, ferret angle, solidity and perimeter, average area and the percentage area were examined. The annealed sample of 960°C gave the highest grain count of 543 with a perimeter of 41.518; standard deviation 7.057 and a mean of 28.722 which shows that annealing greatly improved the fatigue life of the steel. From the mechanical analysis result, the annealed sample at 840°C has a highest hardness value of 129.4 BHN and gave the lowest impact value of 58.75 J. This study shows a significant decrease in the hardness value as the annealing temperature increased which signifies that annealing temperature enhanced the fatigue property and tensile strength (wear strength) of the steel in study.
{"title":"Image J Analysis of Six Different Annealed Temperatures of 0.17% C of HSLA Steels","authors":"N. Emordi, Iweriolor Sunday, Onyekpe Basil Obimma","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2020.84043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2020.84043","url":null,"abstract":"Annealing is a heat treatment procedure in which the mechanical properties of a material are being altered, and such alterations cause changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. It is usually carried out to improve ductility and toughness, to reduce hardness and to remove carbides. This study deals with the use of image analysis processing method for the measurement of structure of six annealed samples of 0.17% High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) Steels (840°C - 990°C) with 30°C interval and 30 minutes soaking time. From the optical microscope images using Image J program, some parameters like calculation of area, pixel value statistics, distances and angles measurements, edge detection, such as the circularity, ferret angle, solidity and perimeter, average area and the percentage area were examined. The annealed sample of 960°C gave the highest grain count of 543 with a perimeter of 41.518; standard deviation 7.057 and a mean of 28.722 which shows that annealing greatly improved the fatigue life of the steel. From the mechanical analysis result, the annealed sample at 840°C has a highest hardness value of 129.4 BHN and gave the lowest impact value of 58.75 J. This study shows a significant decrease in the hardness value as the annealing temperature increased which signifies that annealing temperature enhanced the fatigue property and tensile strength (wear strength) of the steel in study.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129093305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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