Reservoir plays an important role in the allocation and rational use of water resources, especially water resources in China are centrally distributed in the western region, and large reservoirs should be built to meet the people’s livelihood needs of each region. The construction of large reservoirs has numerous risks, the clarity of these risks helps us to better plan and make decisions before implementing the project. Search through literature reading and professional information, determined 11 risk factors in the construction phase of the reservoir construction project case, construct a risk influencing factor system under the application of ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). Studies have shown that the risks of strategic guidelines and policies and changes in infrastructure planning have the deepest impact on construction risk management. Among them, the strategic policy risk is the root impact, and the impact of the infrastructure planning change risk has a far-reaching impact. Through the above conclusions, providing management countermeasures and suggestions for the risk control of reservoir construction.
{"title":"Research on Influencing Factors of Reservoir Construction Risk Based on Interpretative Structural Modeling","authors":"Wang Xin, Yueming Wang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.94049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.94049","url":null,"abstract":"Reservoir plays an important role in the allocation and rational use of water resources, especially water resources in China are centrally distributed in the western region, and large reservoirs should be built to meet the people’s livelihood needs of each region. The construction of large reservoirs has numerous risks, the clarity of these risks helps us to better plan and make decisions before implementing the project. Search through literature reading and professional information, determined 11 risk factors in the construction phase of the reservoir construction project case, construct a risk influencing factor system under the application of ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). Studies have shown that the risks of strategic guidelines and policies and changes in infrastructure planning have the deepest impact on construction risk management. Among them, the strategic policy risk is the root impact, and the impact of the infrastructure planning change risk has a far-reaching impact. Through the above conclusions, providing management countermeasures and suggestions for the risk control of reservoir construction.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122098632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pipeline plays a vital role in transporting fluids like oils, water, and petrochemical substances for longer distances. Based on the materials they carry, prolonged usage may cause the initiation of defects in the pipeline. These defects occur due to the formed salt deposits, chemical reaction happens between the inner surface and the transferring substance, prevailing environmental conditions, etc. These defects, if not identified earlier may lead to significant losses to the industry. In this work, an in-line inspection system utilizes the nondestructive way for analyzing the internal defects in the petrochemical pipeline. This system consists of a pipeline inspection robot having two major units namely the visual inspection unit and the power carrier unit. The visual inspection unit makes use of a ring-type laser diode and the camera. The laser diode serves as a light source for capturing good quality images of inspection. This unit is controlled by the Arduino in the power carrier unit which provides the necessary movement throughout the pipe. The inspected images captured by the camera are further processed with the aid of NI vision assistant software. After applying the processing function parameters provided by this software, the defect location can be clearly visualized with high precision. Three sets of defects are introduced in a Polylactide (PLA) pipe based on its position and angle along the circumference of the pipe. Further, this robot system serves as a real-time interactive image synchronization system for acquiring the inspected images. By comparing the actual and calculated defect size, the error percentage obtained was less than 5%.
{"title":"In-Line Inspection of Pipeline Defects Detection Using Ring-Type Laser","authors":"M. Durai, Y. Hsu, Ho Chang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93041","url":null,"abstract":"Pipeline plays a vital role in transporting fluids like oils, water, and petrochemical substances for longer distances. Based on the materials they carry, prolonged usage may cause the initiation of defects in the pipeline. These defects occur due to the formed salt deposits, chemical reaction happens between the inner surface and the transferring substance, prevailing environmental conditions, etc. These defects, if not identified earlier may lead to significant losses to the industry. In this work, an in-line inspection system utilizes the nondestructive way for analyzing the internal defects in the petrochemical pipeline. This system consists of a pipeline inspection robot having two major units namely the visual inspection unit and the power carrier unit. The visual inspection unit makes use of a ring-type laser diode and the camera. The laser diode serves as a light source for capturing good quality images of inspection. This unit is controlled by the Arduino in the power carrier unit which provides the necessary movement throughout the pipe. The inspected images captured by the camera are further processed with the aid of NI vision assistant software. After applying the processing function parameters provided by this software, the defect location can be clearly visualized with high precision. Three sets of defects are introduced in a Polylactide (PLA) pipe based on its position and angle along the circumference of the pipe. Further, this robot system serves as a real-time interactive image synchronization system for acquiring the inspected images. By comparing the actual and calculated defect size, the error percentage obtained was less than 5%.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129321240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Hackman, J. Ayarkwa, D. Osei-Asibey, A. Acheampong, Prince Asher Nkrumah
Decentralisation of infrastructure delivery to sub-national governments has become commonplace in governments worldwide especially in developing countries such as Ghana. This is due to the benefits of decentralisation in improving public service delivery. However, decentralised infrastructure delivery is marred with numerous challenges that render most local governments incapable of providing infrastructure within their localities. This paper explored the bureaucratic factors that impede infrastructure delivery at the MMDAs in Ghana. A questionnaire survey with 121 construction professionals in the Departments of Works (DoWs) of the MMDAs within the Ashanti and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana was conducted. The results indicated six (6) major components of the bureaucratic factors that impede the delivery of infrastructure at the MMDAs: Central government bureaucracy; Minimal control of MMDAs; Political influence; MMDA project funding; Lack of capacity of MMDAs; and Political interference. This paper calls for a more committed central government to the establishment of adequate decentralised structures and implementation of major reforms that would remove the bureaucratic obstacles in the delivery of infrastructure at the MMDAs, to ensure effective infrastructure delivery at the MMDAs.
{"title":"Bureaucratic Factors Impeding the Delivery of Infrastructure at the Metropolitan Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana","authors":"J. Hackman, J. Ayarkwa, D. Osei-Asibey, A. Acheampong, Prince Asher Nkrumah","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93032","url":null,"abstract":"Decentralisation of infrastructure delivery to sub-national governments has become commonplace in governments worldwide especially in developing countries such as Ghana. This is due to the benefits of decentralisation in improving public service delivery. However, decentralised infrastructure delivery is marred with numerous challenges that render most local governments incapable of providing infrastructure within their localities. This paper explored the bureaucratic factors that impede infrastructure delivery at the MMDAs in Ghana. A questionnaire survey with 121 construction professionals in the Departments of Works (DoWs) of the MMDAs within the Ashanti and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana was conducted. The results indicated six (6) major components of the bureaucratic factors that impede the delivery of infrastructure at the MMDAs: Central government bureaucracy; Minimal control of MMDAs; Political influence; MMDA project funding; Lack of capacity of MMDAs; and Political interference. This paper calls for a more committed central government to the establishment of adequate decentralised structures and implementation of major reforms that would remove the bureaucratic obstacles in the delivery of infrastructure at the MMDAs, to ensure effective infrastructure delivery at the MMDAs.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115423782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an effective means of analyzing the safety of a tunnel under dynamic loading in areas with seismic records. A particular case of the railway tunnel in the earthquake-prone regions of the escarpment seismic zone of Ethiopia was the specific focus area of the research. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) and deaggregation have been conducted to determine the design earthquake required as an input for the dynamic analysis. The PSHA performed by considering the operating design earthquake with conservative assumptions of the local geological features resulted in a peak ground acceleration of 0.36. Two pairs of design earthquake have been obtained from the deaggregation process, which were used to filter acceleration time histories for the selected design earthquake from the ground motion database of Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Finally, full dynamic analyses of the tunnel have been performed by applying the scaled acceleration time histories corresponding to the structure in the specific site. It was demonstrated how to prove the stability of the tunnel located in difficult ground conditions by performing plane strain analyses with the possible minimum computational efforts.
{"title":"Simplified Full Dynamic Analysis of a Railway Tunnel in Ethiopia","authors":"H. F. Gebregziabher, Tequamework Assefa","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93030","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an effective means of analyzing the safety of a tunnel under dynamic loading in areas with seismic records. A particular case of the railway tunnel in the earthquake-prone regions of the escarpment seismic zone of Ethiopia was the specific focus area of the research. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) and deaggregation have been conducted to determine the design earthquake required as an input for the dynamic analysis. The PSHA performed by considering the operating design earthquake with conservative assumptions of the local geological features resulted in a peak ground acceleration of 0.36. Two pairs of design earthquake have been obtained from the deaggregation process, which were used to filter acceleration time histories for the selected design earthquake from the ground motion database of Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Finally, full dynamic analyses of the tunnel have been performed by applying the scaled acceleration time histories corresponding to the structure in the specific site. It was demonstrated how to prove the stability of the tunnel located in difficult ground conditions by performing plane strain analyses with the possible minimum computational efforts.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127034869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damages as a result of cavitation are ever existing problems in high-head spillways. This article presents a brief introduction to the problems associated with high-head spillways and describes a procedure that takes into account the flow near the chute surface where the phenomenon occurs, instead of the mean flow. Application of risk analysis methodology presented can be used to estimate whether there is a possibility of cavitation or there is necessity to determine where the first aereator should be located. The advantage of the procedure herein presented takes into consideration an important new variable, such as the surface roughness. In addition, emphasis should be placed first on the need to investigate other high-head dams which climate change may have exposed them to this kind of damages. Second, there is a need to make measurement in prototype. Finally, to underscore the importance of these problems, a comment is made concerning the Oroville Dam contingency in the state of California, (United States).
{"title":"Risk Analysis of Cavitation in Hydraulic Structures","authors":"G. Echávez","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93043","url":null,"abstract":"Damages as a result of cavitation are ever existing problems in high-head spillways. This article presents a brief introduction to the problems associated with high-head spillways and describes a procedure that takes into account the flow near the chute surface where the phenomenon occurs, instead of the mean flow. Application of risk analysis methodology presented can be used to estimate whether there is a possibility of cavitation or there is necessity to determine where the first aereator should be located. The advantage of the procedure herein presented takes into consideration an important new variable, such as the surface roughness. In addition, emphasis should be placed first on the need to investigate other high-head dams which climate change may have exposed them to this kind of damages. Second, there is a need to make measurement in prototype. Finally, to underscore the importance of these problems, a comment is made concerning the Oroville Dam contingency in the state of California, (United States).","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pipelines, as means of transportation of water and hydrocarbon have been considered “effective, safe and reliable”. Over the years, pipeline failures in Niger Delta region of Nigeria have resulted in loss of lives, water pollution, soil contamination, air pollution, destruction of infrastructures and aquatic lives, and other losses. The study area, Niger Delta region is located on Latitude 4°50' 00"N, longitude 6°00'00"E and comprised of nine coastal states of Nigeria (about 70,000 km2). Failure data were collected using: Questionnaires administered to experienced pipeline engineers in the International oil and gas companies (IOCs), Personnel interviews, and reports from the Department of Petroleum Resources, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). This study assessed the strategies employed by four IOCs to mitigate pipeline failures in the process of asset integrity management. Design and construction methods detailing pipelines laying to infiltration discouraging-depth were studied. The results obtained showed that vandalism is presently the major cause of pipeline failures. Deep burial solution was therefore explored as a vandalism mitigation approach and its cost of implementation for a typical Φ20"× 15 km trunkline in the region showed 9.627% (≈809.3 million Naira) rise compared to the normal burial option, and this difference accrued mainly from equipment and personnel cost. This is a paltry sum compared to the huge losses due to vandalism. Finally, this study posits that the available regulatory framework is now inadequate for pipeline design, construction, and operations due to this challenge and requires urgent amendment in favour of deep burial option.
{"title":"Asset Integrity Management in Mitigating Oil and Gas Pipeline Vandalism in the Niger Delta Region—Deep Burial Solution","authors":"Augustine E. Agomuoh, C. Ossia, F. Chukwuma","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93039","url":null,"abstract":"Pipelines, as means of transportation of water and hydrocarbon have been considered “effective, safe and reliable”. Over the years, pipeline failures in Niger Delta region of Nigeria have resulted in loss of lives, water pollution, soil contamination, air pollution, destruction of infrastructures and aquatic lives, and other losses. The study area, Niger Delta region is located on Latitude 4°50' 00\"N, longitude 6°00'00\"E and comprised of nine coastal states of Nigeria (about 70,000 km2). Failure data were collected using: Questionnaires administered to experienced pipeline engineers in the International oil and gas companies (IOCs), Personnel interviews, and reports from the Department of Petroleum Resources, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). This study assessed the strategies employed by four IOCs to mitigate pipeline failures in the process of asset integrity management. Design and construction methods detailing pipelines laying to infiltration discouraging-depth were studied. The results obtained showed that vandalism is presently the major cause of pipeline failures. Deep burial solution was therefore explored as a vandalism mitigation approach and its cost of implementation for a typical Φ20\"× 15 km trunkline in the region showed 9.627% (≈809.3 million Naira) rise compared to the normal burial option, and this difference accrued mainly from equipment and personnel cost. This is a paltry sum compared to the huge losses due to vandalism. Finally, this study posits that the available regulatory framework is now inadequate for pipeline design, construction, and operations due to this challenge and requires urgent amendment in favour of deep burial option.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130355481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Ajide, Chioma Irene Eze, T. T. Olugasa, O. S. Ismail
In this work, a comparative study on emissions and cost implications of diesel powered and solar photovoltaic-diesel hybrid systems was carried out for three commercial banks. With the aid of HOMER Pro software, meteorological data, energy demand, system component data, capital and operating costs were used for analysis of the two systems. The results showed that in Bank A, the diesel generator alone releases 111,618 kg/yr of Carbon dioxide while the hybrid system releases 41,618 kg/yr of Carbon dioxide. For Bank B the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions released from the diesel generator in Bank B is 53,830 kg/yr, while the carbon dioxide released from the hybrid energy system is 24,082 kg/yr. For Bank C, the diesel generator alone released 177,799 kg/yr of Carbon dioxide and 129,060 kg/yr of carbon dioxide was released from the hybrid system. This suggests that the diesel generator alone releases more emissions when compared with the hybrid system in all the three banks. The Net present cost of energy and levelized cost of energy were used to find out the cost effectiveness of hybrid systems. The results showed that the levelized cost of energy for the generator alone and hybrid system, respectively in Bank A is $0.713 and $0.343. While for Bank B, it is $0.568 and $0.2553. Finally for Bank C, it was $0.731 and $0.556. Therefore, solar-diesel hybrid system has a comparatively low emission and can be considered as a more economical option for electricity generation.
{"title":"Investigative Study on Emissions Level and Cost Analysis of Diesel Powered and Solar PV-Diesel Hybrid Systems","authors":"O. Ajide, Chioma Irene Eze, T. T. Olugasa, O. S. Ismail","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93034","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a comparative study on emissions and cost implications of diesel powered and solar photovoltaic-diesel hybrid systems was carried out for three commercial banks. With the aid of HOMER Pro software, meteorological data, energy demand, system component data, capital and operating costs were used for analysis of the two systems. The results showed that in Bank A, the diesel generator alone releases 111,618 kg/yr of Carbon dioxide while the hybrid system releases 41,618 kg/yr of Carbon dioxide. For Bank B the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions released from the diesel generator in Bank B is 53,830 kg/yr, while the carbon dioxide released from the hybrid energy system is 24,082 kg/yr. For Bank C, the diesel generator alone released 177,799 kg/yr of Carbon dioxide and 129,060 kg/yr of carbon dioxide was released from the hybrid system. This suggests that the diesel generator alone releases more emissions when compared with the hybrid system in all the three banks. The Net present cost of energy and levelized cost of energy were used to find out the cost effectiveness of hybrid systems. The results showed that the levelized cost of energy for the generator alone and hybrid system, respectively in Bank A is $0.713 and $0.343. While for Bank B, it is $0.568 and $0.2553. Finally for Bank C, it was $0.731 and $0.556. Therefore, solar-diesel hybrid system has a comparatively low emission and can be considered as a more economical option for electricity generation.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121131967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simply, shape bionics is to extract an image feature of natural objects, and most of the techniques for transforming and presenting are focused on metaphorical effects. In particular, the extraction process of metaphor design seems to be related to the concept of Saussure signs. Therefore, this research took the doll design of the Tiantoushui community in Changhua County, Taiwan as an example and attempted to use the Saussure concept to extract and evaluate the signs of bio-inspired design. The results showed that a total of three doll works symbolized respectively rice, guava, and pomelo implied the signification of local region by integrating the Saussure code image with the sign-image of the regional nature and transforming its content into “commodity design” and further transferring into “the product value of cultural and creative”. In addition, the specific extraction process included 1) Extraction of image—adjectives in creative products; 2) Meaning space of image—adjec- tives in creative products; 3) Extraction and determination of design elements of creative products, and 4) Combined the sensibility of creative products and design elements to derive design rules. After preliminary exploration of the extraction steps above, a concrete and efficient bio-inspired design process was proposed in this work. Besides, it was inferred that if further combined with the post-modern design style, it may not only simplify the design elements of creative products but also enhance the design connotations in the future.
{"title":"Preliminary Exploration on the Application of Saussure Sign Concept in Bio-Inspired Design: A Case of Tiantoushui Doll-Design","authors":"Yujie Yao, S. Wu, A. Wang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93037","url":null,"abstract":"Simply, shape bionics is to extract an image \u0000feature of natural objects, and most of the techniques for transforming and \u0000presenting are focused on metaphorical effects. In particular, the extraction \u0000process of metaphor design seems to be related to the concept of Saussure \u0000signs. Therefore, this research took the \u0000doll design of the Tiantoushui community in Changhua County, Taiwan as \u0000an example and attempted to use the Saussure concept to extract and evaluate \u0000the signs of bio-inspired design. The results showed that a total of three doll \u0000works symbolized respectively rice, guava, and pomelo implied the signification \u0000of local region by integrating the Saussure code image with the sign-image of \u0000the regional nature and transforming its content into “commodity design” and further transferring into “the \u0000product value of cultural and creative”. In addition, the specific extraction \u0000process included 1) Extraction of image—adjectives in creative products; 2) \u0000Meaning space of image—adjec- tives in creative \u0000products; 3) Extraction and determination of design elements of creative \u0000products, and 4) Combined the sensibility of creative products and design elements to derive design rules. After \u0000preliminary exploration of the extraction \u0000steps above, a concrete and efficient bio-inspired design process was \u0000proposed in this work. Besides, it was inferred that if further combined with \u0000the post-modern design style, it may not only simplify the design elements of \u0000creative products but also enhance the design connotations in the future.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"297 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114326887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the rapid development of modern cities, the construction of green low-car- bon livable cities and the realization of energy-saving and beautification of buildings are now being strongly promoted and havebecome an important indicator of urban development. With the implementation of green building and BIM technology, the combination of BIM technology with green building is a new momentum in the development of the construction industry. The application of BIM can make the quantitative management of green buildings in the whole life cycle, get rid of the shackles of traditional models, make the design and construction process more accurate, and also make the whole process of green buildings more standardized. Among them, the core of BIM is the information model, and the core of green building is: low energy consumption, green and sustainable. This paper firstly explains the concepts and advantages of BIM technology and green building, and separately elaborates the significance of using both in the construction field. Secondly, the current development status of BIM technology and green building is obtained by studying and analyzing the development status and connection between them. Finally, combining BIM technology in the whole life cycle of green building, analyzing the current situation and advantages and disadvantages of using the combination of green building and BIM in actual engineering, clarifying the importance of using BIM in the whole life cycle of green building, and highlighting the combination of BIM technology and the whole life cycle of green building as an important tool for the future development of the construction industry.
{"title":"The Combination of BIM Technology with the Whole Life Cycle of Green Building","authors":"L. Pu, Yueming Wang","doi":"10.4236/wjet.2021.93042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2021.93042","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapid development of modern cities, the construction of green low-car- bon livable cities and the realization of energy-saving and beautification of buildings are now being strongly promoted and havebecome an important indicator of urban development. With the implementation of green building and BIM technology, the combination of BIM technology with green building is a new momentum in the development of the construction industry. The application of BIM can make the quantitative management of green buildings in the whole life cycle, get rid of the shackles of traditional models, make the design and construction process more accurate, and also make the whole process of green buildings more standardized. Among them, the core of BIM is the information model, and the core of green building is: low energy consumption, green and sustainable. This paper firstly explains the concepts and advantages of BIM technology and green building, and separately elaborates the significance of using both in the construction field. Secondly, the current development status of BIM technology and green building is obtained by studying and analyzing the development status and connection between them. Finally, combining BIM technology in the whole life cycle of green building, analyzing the current situation and advantages and disadvantages of using the combination of green building and BIM in actual engineering, clarifying the importance of using BIM in the whole life cycle of green building, and highlighting the combination of BIM technology and the whole life cycle of green building as an important tool for the future development of the construction industry.","PeriodicalId":344331,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129787431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Soup Teoua Ouagni, F. Ngapgue, F. Kenmogne, A. S. T. Kammogne, Simon Ngoh Koumi
This paper focuses on the development of the mathematical model of shear stress by direct shear test for compressible soil of the littoral region, which will be a great tool in the hand of geotechnical engineers. The most common use of a shear test is to determine the shear strength which is the maximum shear stress that a material can withstand before the failure occurs. This parameter is useful in many engineering designs such as foundations, roads and retaining walls. We carried out an experimental laboratory test of ten samples of undisturbed soil taken at different points of the border of Wouri river of Cameroon. The samples were collected at different depths and a direct shear test was conducted. The investigations have been performed under constant vertical stresses and constant sample volume with the aim to determine the frictional angle and the cohesion of the compressible soil which are so important to establish the conditions of buildings stability. Special care was taken to derive loading conditions actually existing in the ground and to duplicate them in the laboratory. Given that the buildings constructed in this area are subjected to settlement, landslide, and punch break or shear failure, the cohesion and the frictional angle are determined through the rupture line after assessed the mean values of the shear stress for the considered ten samples. The bearing capacity of the soil, which is the fundamental soil parameter, was calculated. From the laboratory experimental results, the least squared method was used to derive an approximated mathematical model of the shearing stress. Many optimizations methods were then considered to reach the best adjustment.
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