Sothy Meas, Megumi Nakayama, T. Usui, Y. Nakazato, J. Yasuda, K. Ohashi, M. Onuma
We report herein on the first evidence for the presence of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in Zambia. Serological surveillance of BIV and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was conducted in traditional cattle herds in Zambia. Out of a total of 262 sera analyzed, 11.4% were found positive for anti-BIV p26 antibodies as determined by Western blot analysis, while 5.0% were positive for anti-BLV gp51 antibodies as detected by immunodiffusion test. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BIV seropositive cattle were found to have BIV-provirus DNA, as detected by nested polymerase chain reaction. A nucleotide sequence corresponding to a 298 bp fragment of the BIV pol gene was also analyzed. Amino acid sequences of these Zambian pol gene products showed 98.0 to 100% homology to the American strain BIV R29, 97.0 to 99.0% to Japanese BIV isolates, and divergence ranged from 0.0 to 2.0% among Zambian BIV isolates.
{"title":"Evidence for bovine immunodeficiency virus infection in cattle in Zambia.","authors":"Sothy Meas, Megumi Nakayama, T. Usui, Y. Nakazato, J. Yasuda, K. Ohashi, M. Onuma","doi":"10.14943/JJVR.52.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14943/JJVR.52.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"We report herein on the first evidence for the presence of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in Zambia. Serological surveillance of BIV and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was conducted in traditional cattle herds in Zambia. Out of a total of 262 sera analyzed, 11.4% were found positive for anti-BIV p26 antibodies as determined by Western blot analysis, while 5.0% were positive for anti-BLV gp51 antibodies as detected by immunodiffusion test. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BIV seropositive cattle were found to have BIV-provirus DNA, as detected by nested polymerase chain reaction. A nucleotide sequence corresponding to a 298 bp fragment of the BIV pol gene was also analyzed. Amino acid sequences of these Zambian pol gene products showed 98.0 to 100% homology to the American strain BIV R29, 97.0 to 99.0% to Japanese BIV isolates, and divergence ranged from 0.0 to 2.0% among Zambian BIV isolates.","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134501846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Mahmut, S. Ganzorig, M. Onuma, R. Masuda, M. Suzuki, N. Ohtaishi
To evaluate the genetic diversity of the Xinjiang Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis) population, we analyzed the frequencies of microsatellite alleles. Samples were collected from 3 isolated populations in Xaya, Lopnur and Qarqan of Xinjiang. Although 10 microsatellite loci were examined, alleles of 133 to 190 base-pairs were detected for only 3 loci: BM5004, BM4208 and BM888. The average observed multilocus heterozygosity was 0.08 +/- 0.04 for the Xaya, 0 for the Lopnur, and 0.17 +/- 0.08 for the Qarqan population. The average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.08 +/- 0.02. The observed heterozygosities were significantly lower than the expected values. The present results suggest that the bottleneck effect has occurred in the populations of the Xinjiang Tarim red deer.
{"title":"A preliminary study of the genetic diversity of Xinjiang Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis) using the microsatellite DNA method.","authors":"H. Mahmut, S. Ganzorig, M. Onuma, R. Masuda, M. Suzuki, N. Ohtaishi","doi":"10.14943/JJVR.49.3.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14943/JJVR.49.3.231","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the genetic diversity of the Xinjiang Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis) population, we analyzed the frequencies of microsatellite alleles. Samples were collected from 3 isolated populations in Xaya, Lopnur and Qarqan of Xinjiang. Although 10 microsatellite loci were examined, alleles of 133 to 190 base-pairs were detected for only 3 loci: BM5004, BM4208 and BM888. The average observed multilocus heterozygosity was 0.08 +/- 0.04 for the Xaya, 0 for the Lopnur, and 0.17 +/- 0.08 for the Qarqan population. The average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.08 +/- 0.02. The observed heterozygosities were significantly lower than the expected values. The present results suggest that the bottleneck effect has occurred in the populations of the Xinjiang Tarim red deer.","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122266271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-01-31DOI: 10.14943/JJVR.42.3-4.127
H. Tsuruga, T. Mano, Masami Yamanaka, H. Kanagawa
Genetic variations within and between local populations of Hokkaido brown bears, Ursus arctos yesoensis, were quantified by means of DNA fingerprinting using a minisatellite DNA probe. The estimates of the average heterozygosity (gene diversity) H were 0.302 and 0.241 for the populations on the southwestern part of the Oshima peninsula and the Shiretoko peninsula, respectively. These values suggest that local populations studied in this study have low genetic variability compared with those for other animals. The degree of genetic differentiation between the populations, measured by the coefficient of gene diversity (GST), was 7.9 percent and 19.5 percent. These results indicate a low degree of genetic differentiation between the local populations. The results obtained are discussed in relation to a population bottleneck in the ancestors and subsequent expansion of their habitat.
{"title":"Estimate of genetic variations in Hokkaido brown bears (Ursus arctos yesoensis) by DNA fingerprinting.","authors":"H. Tsuruga, T. Mano, Masami Yamanaka, H. Kanagawa","doi":"10.14943/JJVR.42.3-4.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14943/JJVR.42.3-4.127","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic variations within and between local populations of Hokkaido brown bears, Ursus arctos yesoensis, were quantified by means of DNA fingerprinting using a minisatellite DNA probe. The estimates of the average heterozygosity (gene diversity) H were 0.302 and 0.241 for the populations on the southwestern part of the Oshima peninsula and the Shiretoko peninsula, respectively. These values suggest that local populations studied in this study have low genetic variability compared with those for other animals. The degree of genetic differentiation between the populations, measured by the coefficient of gene diversity (GST), was 7.9 percent and 19.5 percent. These results indicate a low degree of genetic differentiation between the local populations. The results obtained are discussed in relation to a population bottleneck in the ancestors and subsequent expansion of their habitat.","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127998303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-11-27DOI: 10.1016/0093-691X(95)92452-F
A. Pinyopummin, Y. Takahashi, M. Hishinuma, H. Kanagawa
{"title":"Development of single blastomeres from 4-cell stage embryos after aggregation with parthenogenones in mice.","authors":"A. Pinyopummin, Y. Takahashi, M. Hishinuma, H. Kanagawa","doi":"10.1016/0093-691X(95)92452-F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(95)92452-F","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124553701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Kitagawa, H. Satoh, C. Komatsuzaki, F. Mori, N. Kudo
Morphological investagations were carried out on basophilic intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in epithelial cells of the hair bulbs of anagen hair follicles in wild foxes affected with an abnormal hair coat condition. The inclusions , which were DNA-positive, contained numerous minute virus-like particles ("FMVP"). The particles, having a diameter of approximately 13 nm, had an arrangement of caps orner-like subunits of approximately 2-3 nm in diameter and were nonenveloped. The striking resemblance to icosahedral virus was crystallographically and morphologically demonstrated. INTRODUCTION Wild foxes, Vulpes vulpes sckrencki KISHIDA, 1924, which in winter have an abnormal hair coat condition consisting of leucotrichia, hypotrichosis and incomplete shedding of the primary hairs, have been noted in northern Hokkaido, Japan, in recent years. Fifty three fox~s affected with the condition, including 136 that were killed in the Soya district of northern Hokkaido in 1981, have been recorded. The present paper describes some of the morphological characteristics of "fox minute virus-like particle", which made up the intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies seen in hair follicles from the affected foxes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen foxes affected with the abnormal hair coat condition, weighing 4-7kg, were shot dead in the winters of 1981-1983 and examined pathologically. Light microscopy Examinations were performed in various regions of the skin throughout the whole body and in all of the segments from the cervical to the lumbar parts of the spinal cord in all 13 animals. Section preparations were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, luxol fast blue, Bodian stain and Feulgen reaction. Electron microscopy Tissue specimens from various regions of the skin thoughout the whole body of 5 randomly selected animals were fixed in 3%-glutaraldehyde in O.lM-phosphate buffer and 1 %-OS04 in O.lM-phosphate buffer. The specimens were embedded in Quetol-812 mixture. Ultra thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. RESULTS Light microscopy Almost all of the hair follicles of the 13 animals were in the telogen stage, although there were a few anagen follicles. Epithelial cells of the hair bulbs, especially the matrices of the anagen follicles, often showed hydropic degenera-tion or pyknosis and decrease or lack of melanin granules. These regressively changed epithelial cells often had basophilic inclusion bodies that were intranuclear in 7 animals and cytoplasmic in all 13 animals (Fig. 1). The intranuclear inclusions were either homogeneous or granular. The cytoplasmic inclusions were homogenous, with occasional fine vesicles, and they varied in shape, size and number. Both …
{"title":"Fox minute virus-like particle.","authors":"H. Kitagawa, H. Satoh, C. Komatsuzaki, F. Mori, N. Kudo","doi":"10.14943/JJVR.35.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14943/JJVR.35.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological investagations were carried out on basophilic intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in epithelial cells of the hair bulbs of anagen hair follicles in wild foxes affected with an abnormal hair coat condition. The inclusions , which were DNA-positive, contained numerous minute virus-like particles (\"FMVP\"). The particles, having a diameter of approximately 13 nm, had an arrangement of caps orner-like subunits of approximately 2-3 nm in diameter and were nonenveloped. The striking resemblance to icosahedral virus was crystallographically and morphologically demonstrated. INTRODUCTION Wild foxes, Vulpes vulpes sckrencki KISHIDA, 1924, which in winter have an abnormal hair coat condition consisting of leucotrichia, hypotrichosis and incomplete shedding of the primary hairs, have been noted in northern Hokkaido, Japan, in recent years. Fifty three fox~s affected with the condition, including 136 that were killed in the Soya district of northern Hokkaido in 1981, have been recorded. The present paper describes some of the morphological characteristics of \"fox minute virus-like particle\", which made up the intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies seen in hair follicles from the affected foxes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen foxes affected with the abnormal hair coat condition, weighing 4-7kg, were shot dead in the winters of 1981-1983 and examined pathologically. Light microscopy Examinations were performed in various regions of the skin throughout the whole body and in all of the segments from the cervical to the lumbar parts of the spinal cord in all 13 animals. Section preparations were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, luxol fast blue, Bodian stain and Feulgen reaction. Electron microscopy Tissue specimens from various regions of the skin thoughout the whole body of 5 randomly selected animals were fixed in 3%-glutaraldehyde in O.lM-phosphate buffer and 1 %-OS04 in O.lM-phosphate buffer. The specimens were embedded in Quetol-812 mixture. Ultra thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. RESULTS Light microscopy Almost all of the hair follicles of the 13 animals were in the telogen stage, although there were a few anagen follicles. Epithelial cells of the hair bulbs, especially the matrices of the anagen follicles, often showed hydropic degenera-tion or pyknosis and decrease or lack of melanin granules. These regressively changed epithelial cells often had basophilic inclusion bodies that were intranuclear in 7 animals and cytoplasmic in all 13 animals (Fig. 1). The intranuclear inclusions were either homogeneous or granular. The cytoplasmic inclusions were homogenous, with occasional fine vesicles, and they varied in shape, size and number. Both …","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128419295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sugimura, K. Furuhata, N. Ohtaishi, N. Kudo, Y. Mifune
(MILLONIG)lS) and/or lead citrate (RAYNOLD), and then examined with JEM-4 CHD and JEM -6AS electron microscopes at magnifications varying from 2,000 to 30,000.
{"title":"Peculiar nuclear inclusion, nucleoloid body, in lymphocytes.","authors":"M. Sugimura, K. Furuhata, N. Ohtaishi, N. Kudo, Y. Mifune","doi":"10.14943/JJVR.13.3.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14943/JJVR.13.3.96","url":null,"abstract":"(MILLONIG)lS) and/or lead citrate (RAYNOLD), and then examined with JEM-4 CHD and JEM -6AS electron microscopes at magnifications varying from 2,000 to 30,000.","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130122754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiroaki Nagatomo, H. Akizawa, Ayari Sada, Yasunori Kishi, K. Yamanaka, T. Takuma, Keisuke Sasaki, N. Yamauchi, Y. Yanagawa, M. Nagano, T. Kono, Masashi Takahashi, M. Kawahara
There has been no work on spatiotemporal transcriptomic differences of blastocysts using in vivo- and in vitro-derived, and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Here, we first compared the lineage-differentially transcriptomic profiles of in vivo- and in vitro-derived embryos by microarray analysis using divided into inner cell mass (ICM)-and trophectoderm (TE)-side samples, as well as those derived from SCNT in order to explore lineage-differentially expressed genes that are associated with preimplantation development in cattle. The transcriptomic profiles of the ICM-specific and TE-specific genes were similar between in vitro-derived embryos and in vivo-derived embryos, whereas SCNT embryos exhibited unusual lineage-differentially gene expression regulation at the blastocyst stage. The genes expressed in a spatiotemporal manner between developmentally normal in-vivo derived blastocysts and developmentally abnormal SCNT blastocysts might play critical roles for preimplantation development. Comparing spatial expression dynamics of bovine blastocyst under three different procedures revealed that CIITA was expressed in ICM-side samples of all the embryo types. CIITA is known as the master regulator of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) class II genes that express in antigen-presenting cells but its biological function in preimplantation embryo is still unknown in mammals. Knockdown of CIITA expression in in vitro-derived embryos did not affect cleavage, but disrupted development of embryos into the blastocyst stage. These findings provide the novel transcriptomic information on blastocyst formation, raising the possibility that immune function-related gene directly plays important roles in bovine preimplantation development.
{"title":"Comparing spatial expression dynamics of bovine blastocyst under three different procedures: in-vivo, in-vitro derived, and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos.","authors":"Hiroaki Nagatomo, H. Akizawa, Ayari Sada, Yasunori Kishi, K. Yamanaka, T. Takuma, Keisuke Sasaki, N. Yamauchi, Y. Yanagawa, M. Nagano, T. Kono, Masashi Takahashi, M. Kawahara","doi":"10.14943/JJVR.63.4.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14943/JJVR.63.4.159","url":null,"abstract":"There has been no work on spatiotemporal transcriptomic differences of blastocysts using in vivo- and in vitro-derived, and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Here, we first compared the lineage-differentially transcriptomic profiles of in vivo- and in vitro-derived embryos by microarray analysis using divided into inner cell mass (ICM)-and trophectoderm (TE)-side samples, as well as those derived from SCNT in order to explore lineage-differentially expressed genes that are associated with preimplantation development in cattle. The transcriptomic profiles of the ICM-specific and TE-specific genes were similar between in vitro-derived embryos and in vivo-derived embryos, whereas SCNT embryos exhibited unusual lineage-differentially gene expression regulation at the blastocyst stage. The genes expressed in a spatiotemporal manner between developmentally normal in-vivo derived blastocysts and developmentally abnormal SCNT blastocysts might play critical roles for preimplantation development. Comparing spatial expression dynamics of bovine blastocyst under three different procedures revealed that CIITA was expressed in ICM-side samples of all the embryo types. CIITA is known as the master regulator of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) class II genes that express in antigen-presenting cells but its biological function in preimplantation embryo is still unknown in mammals. Knockdown of CIITA expression in in vitro-derived embryos did not affect cleavage, but disrupted development of embryos into the blastocyst stage. These findings provide the novel transcriptomic information on blastocyst formation, raising the possibility that immune function-related gene directly plays important roles in bovine preimplantation development.","PeriodicalId":344589,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of veterinary research","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121458973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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