Ebahiem Mohammed Alhadi, Ajabeldoor Izarig Mubaak Abdalla, Salah Bukhari Salah Abulgabar, Abdalla Mohamed Suleiman Eshag, Hammad Dahia Salah Basar, Hamid Hamdoun Adam Jumaa, Jadalla Jumaa Barram
This study was conducted to study the effects of the intake of the Alysacrpus Monilifera on dry matter intake, digestibility of nutrients and performance of Desert bucks. Twelve Desert goats bucks 4-5 years old with an average weight of 11 + 0.250 kg, were divided into three equal groups. The first group was fed A. Monilifera fodder, while the second group consumed the natural pasture free of A. Monilifera while the third group consumed the groundnut haulms. After observing the cases of deadly diarrhea in the first group, the feeding pattern was modified with 50% natural pasture and 50% A. Monilifer fodder. The fodder was analyzed as well as conducting in vitro digestibility. The experimental design was randomized and the data were analyzed using the analysis of variance and the detection of differences among means using least significant difference test. The results showed that feeding A. Monilifer alone resulted in fatal diarrhea in bucks without affecting appetite, and the dry matter digestibility and organic matter in vitro digestibility was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A. Monilifer than compared to the groundnut haulms or the natural grazing. The weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the group on groundnut haulms and the natural grazing than those on A. Monilifer alone but when 50% of the plant biomass was replaced by the natural grazing the gain was significantly higher. The study concluded that the intake of A. Monilifer at the growth stage was good quality roughage when fed as part of the diet.
{"title":"Effects of Alysacrpus Monilifer fodder intake on feed consumption and performance of desert goats","authors":"Ebahiem Mohammed Alhadi, Ajabeldoor Izarig Mubaak Abdalla, Salah Bukhari Salah Abulgabar, Abdalla Mohamed Suleiman Eshag, Hammad Dahia Salah Basar, Hamid Hamdoun Adam Jumaa, Jadalla Jumaa Barram","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000100","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to study the effects of the intake of the Alysacrpus Monilifera on dry matter intake, digestibility of nutrients and performance of Desert bucks. Twelve Desert goats bucks 4-5 years old with an average weight of 11 + 0.250 kg, were divided into three equal groups. The first group was fed A. Monilifera fodder, while the second group consumed the natural pasture free of A. Monilifera while the third group consumed the groundnut haulms. After observing the cases of deadly diarrhea in the first group, the feeding pattern was modified with 50% natural pasture and 50% A. Monilifer fodder. The fodder was analyzed as well as conducting in vitro digestibility. The experimental design was randomized and the data were analyzed using the analysis of variance and the detection of differences among means using least significant difference test. The results showed that feeding A. Monilifer alone resulted in fatal diarrhea in bucks without affecting appetite, and the dry matter digestibility and organic matter in vitro digestibility was significantly (P<0.05) higher in A. Monilifer than compared to the groundnut haulms or the natural grazing. The weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the group on groundnut haulms and the natural grazing than those on A. Monilifer alone but when 50% of the plant biomass was replaced by the natural grazing the gain was significantly higher. The study concluded that the intake of A. Monilifer at the growth stage was good quality roughage when fed as part of the diet.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134477683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jayananthan Vinodhini, A. Abiramy Prabavathy, S. Uma, S. Barathiraja, K. Rajkumar, J. Thanislass, P. Vijayalakshmi
The present study on Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in dogs was aimed to record the incidence, risk factors, and clinical findings. Dogs irrespective of age, breed, sex with history, and clinical manifestations suggestive of CKD were selected and subjected to physical examination, urinalysis, hematology, and serum biochemistry. Based on these parameters twenty-nine dogs were identified as suffering from CKD and were classified into stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV as per the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) staging system for CKD. Serum biochemistry revealed a significant increase in levels of serum creatinine, BUN, and cholesterol when compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, the prevalence of CKD in dogs was 2.5% and the article discussed the clinical and hemato-biochemical changes in CKD.
{"title":"Clinico-Biochemical findings associated with stage III and stage IV of Chronic Kidney Disease in dogs","authors":"Jayananthan Vinodhini, A. Abiramy Prabavathy, S. Uma, S. Barathiraja, K. Rajkumar, J. Thanislass, P. Vijayalakshmi","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000096","url":null,"abstract":"The present study on Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in dogs was aimed to record the incidence, risk factors, and clinical findings. Dogs irrespective of age, breed, sex with history, and clinical manifestations suggestive of CKD were selected and subjected to physical examination, urinalysis, hematology, and serum biochemistry. Based on these parameters twenty-nine dogs were identified as suffering from CKD and were classified into stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV as per the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) staging system for CKD. Serum biochemistry revealed a significant increase in levels of serum creatinine, BUN, and cholesterol when compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, the prevalence of CKD in dogs was 2.5% and the article discussed the clinical and hemato-biochemical changes in CKD.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132133484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hordofa Debele, Hedato Abdi, H. Yusuf, Senbetu Asefa
Ticks are one of the best known groups of ecto parasites, which affect the cattle production and productivity either by transmitting different tick borne disease or by affecting health of cattle and as well as the quality of hides. Cross-sectional study design was implemented with the objective to estimate the prevalence of tick infestation and to identify the type tick of cattle in and around Honkola-Wabe woreda of Arsi zone of Oromia regional state, from January 2021 to August 2021. 400 cattle (local and cross breed) were selected using simple random sampling from four randomly selected kebeles; and examined for tick infestation and adult tick were collected for tick identification. From these 292(73%) of the animals were infested with different tick species and 108 (27%) of them were free of tick infestation. The highest number of cattle was infested with Amblyomma 160 (40%) followed by Boophilus 71(18%), Rhipicephalus 48 (12%) and Hyalomma 12(3%). There were significant statistically difference between tick infestation prevalence among different factors like breed, age, and sex and body conditions scored. For example, the prevalence rate of tick infested cattle were higher in cross breeds (79.4%) than in local breeds (69.5 %) (χ2=4.57; p=0.033). The result of the current study fills the information gap on prevalence of tick infected cattle of different breeds found in Honkola Wabe area. Tick, therefore, can lead to highly damage the national economic. Thus, in order to provide effective control of tick infestation systematic intervention approach could be implemented that will reduced chance of tick infestation of cattle and thereby improve cattle production.
{"title":"A Study on prevalence, identification and status of Ixodid (Hard) Ticks Infestation in cattle in and around Honkola Wabe District","authors":"Hordofa Debele, Hedato Abdi, H. Yusuf, Senbetu Asefa","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000095","url":null,"abstract":"Ticks are one of the best known groups of ecto parasites, which affect the cattle production and productivity either by transmitting different tick borne disease or by affecting health of cattle and as well as the quality of hides. Cross-sectional study design was implemented with the objective to estimate the prevalence of tick infestation and to identify the type tick of cattle in and around Honkola-Wabe woreda of Arsi zone of Oromia regional state, from January 2021 to August 2021. 400 cattle (local and cross breed) were selected using simple random sampling from four randomly selected kebeles; and examined for tick infestation and adult tick were collected for tick identification. From these 292(73%) of the animals were infested with different tick species and 108 (27%) of them were free of tick infestation. The highest number of cattle was infested with Amblyomma 160 (40%) followed by Boophilus 71(18%), Rhipicephalus 48 (12%) and Hyalomma 12(3%). There were significant statistically difference between tick infestation prevalence among different factors like breed, age, and sex and body conditions scored. For example, the prevalence rate of tick infested cattle were higher in cross breeds (79.4%) than in local breeds (69.5 %) (χ2=4.57; p=0.033). The result of the current study fills the information gap on prevalence of tick infected cattle of different breeds found in Honkola Wabe area. Tick, therefore, can lead to highly damage the national economic. Thus, in order to provide effective control of tick infestation systematic intervention approach could be implemented that will reduced chance of tick infestation of cattle and thereby improve cattle production.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132677119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaccination is one of the most efficient tools for protection against clinical disease of livestock and reduces the rate of spread of infection. The study was conducted using secondary data that recorded at Lemu and Bilbilo Woreda veterinary clinic with the objective to assess the vaccination coverage in the study area from March to September 2021. Results revealed the most commonly practiced vaccine were bacterial and viral diseases from secondary data recorded were Lumpy skin disease, Black leg, Pasteurellosis, New castle, Gumboro disease, chicken pox, Fowl pox, and Fowl Cholera. The percentage of vaccine coverage for lumpy skin disease decreases from a year 2017 (51.1%) to 2021(24%). The majority of Goat (96.7%) was vaccinated against goat pox during 2017 and the 0% Anthrax vaccine for Goat in 2021. Only 7.3% sheep in 2017 and near 37.4% in 2021 were vaccinated with sheep pox from total population. About 87.4% of equines were vaccinated from total population in 2017. The proportion of Newcastle disease and Gumboro disease vaccine coverage were 35% and 15.4%, respectively. Dog vaccination against rabies is increases from a year 2017 (4.8%) to 2020 (11%) in except 0.5% in 2021. The vaccine trends were fluctuating and/or decreasing from year to year. However, vaccine trend for Anthrax of cattle was increasing from year to year. It is therefore, suggested that implementation of planed and regularly vaccination of animal was very important for diseases control and prevention are recommended in order to decrease disease reoccurrence in the area.
{"title":"Retrospective study of livestock vaccine coverage and trend in Lemu and Bilbilo Woreda, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Feyisa Debele Hordofa, kedir Meseret, Shene Leta","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000094","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination is one of the most efficient tools for protection against clinical disease of livestock and reduces the rate of spread of infection. The study was conducted using secondary data that recorded at Lemu and Bilbilo Woreda veterinary clinic with the objective to assess the vaccination coverage in the study area from March to September 2021. Results revealed the most commonly practiced vaccine were bacterial and viral diseases from secondary data recorded were Lumpy skin disease, Black leg, Pasteurellosis, New castle, Gumboro disease, chicken pox, Fowl pox, and Fowl Cholera. The percentage of vaccine coverage for lumpy skin disease decreases from a year 2017 (51.1%) to 2021(24%). The majority of Goat (96.7%) was vaccinated against goat pox during 2017 and the 0% Anthrax vaccine for Goat in 2021. Only 7.3% sheep in 2017 and near 37.4% in 2021 were vaccinated with sheep pox from total population. About 87.4% of equines were vaccinated from total population in 2017. The proportion of Newcastle disease and Gumboro disease vaccine coverage were 35% and 15.4%, respectively. Dog vaccination against rabies is increases from a year 2017 (4.8%) to 2020 (11%) in except 0.5% in 2021. The vaccine trends were fluctuating and/or decreasing from year to year. However, vaccine trend for Anthrax of cattle was increasing from year to year. It is therefore, suggested that implementation of planed and regularly vaccination of animal was very important for diseases control and prevention are recommended in order to decrease disease reoccurrence in the area.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129649448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coenurosis is an important parasitic disease affecting small ruminant’s production which causes significant economic losses. A cross-sectional study was carried out from November, 2019 to May, 2020. To estimating the prevalence of coenurosis in small ruminants and determines the risk factors, to assess the community knowledge on the epidemiology of coenurosis and estimate the financial loss due to brain condemnation. A total 674 small ruminants were by a simple random sampling procedure. Data was analyzed using STATA version 11. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association between prevalence of coenurosis and potential risk factors. From the total 512 goat and 162 sheep examined for coenurosis 6.02% and 8.6% were found positive respectively. There was significance difference between the risk factors and coenurosis infection. More coenurosis infected small ruminants were found in highland 9.7% (Odd ratio= 2.31, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.14, 4.64; P=0.017) than midland and lowland. There was high prevalence of coenurois in adult than young age of small ruminants. From 45 positive cysts were examined to identify fertility and viability by using cyst viability and fertility procedure, 17.8% calcified, 68.9% sterile and 13.3 % fertile. The diameter of positive cysts showed 46.7%, 42.3%, 11% small, medium and large respectively. From 100 respondents’ 86% of respondents has agreed on the sign of coenurosis, 14% has not agreed. The annual financial losses due to brain condemnation were estimated at 124,821 dollar.
小反刍兽病是影响小反刍动物生产的重要寄生虫病，造成重大经济损失。横断面研究于2019年11月至2020年5月进行。目的:了解小反刍动物脑脊病的流行情况，确定脑脊病的危险因素，评估社区对脑脊病流行病学的认识，估计脑脊病造成的经济损失。采用简单随机抽样方法，共采集小反刍动物674只。使用STATA version 11分析数据。采用卡方检验和logistic回归分析确定神经症患病率与潜在危险因素之间的关系。在512只山羊和162只绵羊中，检测结果分别为6.02%和8.6%。危险因素与神经症感染有显著性差异。高原地区感染小反刍动物较多，为9.7%(奇比= 2.31,95%可信区间:1.14,4.64;P=0.017)。小反刍动物成虫患神经症的比例高于幼畜。从45个阳性囊肿中，通过囊肿活力和生育检查确定生育能力和生存能力，17.8%钙化，68.9%不育，13.3%可生育。阳性囊肿直径分别为小、中、大46.7%、42.3%、11%。在100名受访者中，86%的受访者同意神经症的迹象，14%的受访者不同意。据估计，每年因大脑谴责而造成的经济损失达12.4821万美元。
{"title":"Epidemiology and economic loss of coenurosis in small Ruminants slaughtered at mojo halal export abattoir, Oromia reginal state, East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Diba Sagni, Garoma Abebe","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000092","url":null,"abstract":"Coenurosis is an important parasitic disease affecting small ruminant’s production which causes significant economic losses. A cross-sectional study was carried out from November, 2019 to May, 2020. To estimating the prevalence of coenurosis in small ruminants and determines the risk factors, to assess the community knowledge on the epidemiology of coenurosis and estimate the financial loss due to brain condemnation. A total 674 small ruminants were by a simple random sampling procedure. Data was analyzed using STATA version 11. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association between prevalence of coenurosis and potential risk factors. From the total 512 goat and 162 sheep examined for coenurosis 6.02% and 8.6% were found positive respectively. There was significance difference between the risk factors and coenurosis infection. More coenurosis infected small ruminants were found in highland 9.7% (Odd ratio= 2.31, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.14, 4.64; P=0.017) than midland and lowland. There was high prevalence of coenurois in adult than young age of small ruminants. From 45 positive cysts were examined to identify fertility and viability by using cyst viability and fertility procedure, 17.8% calcified, 68.9% sterile and 13.3 % fertile. The diameter of positive cysts showed 46.7%, 42.3%, 11% small, medium and large respectively. From 100 respondents’ 86% of respondents has agreed on the sign of coenurosis, 14% has not agreed. The annual financial losses due to brain condemnation were estimated at 124,821 dollar.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116066466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This trial was aimed to study the effects of replacing wheat bran with different levels of Zornia glochidiata meal on feed intake, general performance of Desert lambs and feeding cost decreasing. Twelve lambs of four months old and weighing 19.500 kg +500g were divided into three groups each with four animals. Feed intake and body weight change were monitored every ten days up to fifty days. The data were statistically analyzed via analysis of variance and the differences among means were detected least significance (LSD) test. The results indicated that voluntary dry matter intake significantly (P<0.05) increased in the group that consumed a ration with 26% Zornia glochidiata meal (II) followed by those were on a ration with wheat bran only (I) and lastly that had a ration with 42% Z. glochidiata (III). Feed intake was 1090, 970 and 910 for group II, I and III, respectively. Similarly body weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in group II, (6.1kg/50 days) followed by group I (4.9 kg/50 days) and group III with 4.3 kg/50 days. The daily weight gain was 98, 122, 89 g when the lambs consumed rations with 0.00, 26 and 42 % of Z. glochidiata meal, respectively. The cost of kilogram of the first ration was 6.8 SDG when only wheat bran was used, and it decreased to 5.7 SDG when 26% wheat was replaced by Z. glochidiata meal and when Z. glochidiata meal was increased to 41% the cost was further decreased to 5 SDG.
{"title":"Effect of Using Zornia glochidiata (shelini) Meal in Replacement of Wheat Bran on Lamb Performance and Feeding Cost Decreasing","authors":"Idris Idris Adam, Saed Kiir Mohamed Tagi, Mohamed Abdalla Suleiman Eshag, Hammad Dahia Salah Basar, Jadalla Jumaa Barram, Ebrahiem Mohammed Alhadi","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000091","url":null,"abstract":"This trial was aimed to study the effects of replacing wheat bran with different levels of Zornia glochidiata meal on feed intake, general performance of Desert lambs and feeding cost decreasing. Twelve lambs of four months old and weighing 19.500 kg +500g were divided into three groups each with four animals. Feed intake and body weight change were monitored every ten days up to fifty days. The data were statistically analyzed via analysis of variance and the differences among means were detected least significance (LSD) test. The results indicated that voluntary dry matter intake significantly (P<0.05) increased in the group that consumed a ration with 26% Zornia glochidiata meal (II) followed by those were on a ration with wheat bran only (I) and lastly that had a ration with 42% Z. glochidiata (III). Feed intake was 1090, 970 and 910 for group II, I and III, respectively. Similarly body weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in group II, (6.1kg/50 days) followed by group I (4.9 kg/50 days) and group III with 4.3 kg/50 days. The daily weight gain was 98, 122, 89 g when the lambs consumed rations with 0.00, 26 and 42 % of Z. glochidiata meal, respectively. The cost of kilogram of the first ration was 6.8 SDG when only wheat bran was used, and it decreased to 5.7 SDG when 26% wheat was replaced by Z. glochidiata meal and when Z. glochidiata meal was increased to 41% the cost was further decreased to 5 SDG.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124235548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dikeir Kogoor Nura El, Jadalla Jumma B, Bakhit Mahmoud Fadlelmoula, Idris Idris Adam, Ebrahiem Mohammed Alhadi
This study was designed to determine the effects of deep litter floor and battery cages housing system on layer feed consumption and egg production rate. Thirty two commercial hybrid layers (hyline) of 10 months production age were randomly selected and distributed equally in four deep litter ground cages, and thirty (hyline) layers were kept in battery cages, which consisted of triple deck cages, provided with automatic nipple watering system and front trough feeders. During the experimental period there were slight changes in live body weight, it was about -0.01 kg in deep litter and about 0.04 kg in battery cages system. Layers housed in deep litter system significantly consumed more feed compared to that kept in battery cages except at first week, and best averages of feed conversion ratios were calculated for layers housed in deep litter than that kept in battery cages, differences were significant for second, third, fourth and fifth weeks of experimental period. Egg production rate were significantly different in layers housed in deep litter system through the production period except the first weeks.
{"title":"Effect of deep-litter floor and battery cages system on the feed consumption and egg production rate of commercial Layers","authors":"Dikeir Kogoor Nura El, Jadalla Jumma B, Bakhit Mahmoud Fadlelmoula, Idris Idris Adam, Ebrahiem Mohammed Alhadi","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000090","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to determine the effects of deep litter floor and battery cages housing system on layer feed consumption and egg production rate. Thirty two commercial hybrid layers (hyline) of 10 months production age were randomly selected and distributed equally in four deep litter ground cages, and thirty (hyline) layers were kept in battery cages, which consisted of triple deck cages, provided with automatic nipple watering system and front trough feeders. During the experimental period there were slight changes in live body weight, it was about -0.01 kg in deep litter and about 0.04 kg in battery cages system. Layers housed in deep litter system significantly consumed more feed compared to that kept in battery cages except at first week, and best averages of feed conversion ratios were calculated for layers housed in deep litter than that kept in battery cages, differences were significant for second, third, fourth and fifth weeks of experimental period. Egg production rate were significantly different in layers housed in deep litter system through the production period except the first weeks.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127972434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Musa Tibin Musa Ahmed, Alsharif Zahra Alfaki, Mohammed Abutaba Yahia Ibrahim, Jadalla Jumaa Barram, Ebrahiem Mohammed Alhadi
This trial was designed to study the effect of intake of ailanto (Ailanthus excelsa) fodder on dry matter intake, nutrients digestibility and performance of Sudanese Desert lambs. Twelve heads of lambs, six months old and weighing (17+ 0.37) kg were divided into three groups with four heads each. They were vaccinated and dosed with broad-spectrum antihelmentics (ivermectin) for treatment against internal and external parasites and ear- tagged to facilitate identification during treatments. The Ailanthus excelsa, fodder, groundnut haulms and the natural grazing was fed to group I, II and III, respectively. Water was provided continuously and feed intake was monitored daily. The feed samples were analyzed and apparent nutrients digestibility was determined by total feces collection method. This complete randomized design data was analyzed via analysis of variance and differences among means were detected using Least Significant Difference test (LSD). Feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher for group 1 followed by the group on groundnut haulms and finally the group on the natural grazing where the amounts consumed was 865.90, 850 and 800 grams per day. Dry matter digestibility was the highest in the group on Ailanthus excelsa fodder, followed by groundnut haulms and the lowest for those on natural grazing where DMD was 75.67, 67.45, and 56.45%, organic matter digestibility 78.61, 69.65 and 57.55%. Body weight changes indicated that they were higher in the Ailanthus excelsa fodder group and then in the groundnut haulms group and lower in the natural grazing group. The highest daily weight gain (60 grams) was obtained when animals fed on Ailanthus excelsa fodder compared to 45 grams and 40 grams a day for the group fed groundnut haulms and natural grazing, respectively.
本试验旨在研究采食优秀臭椿(Ailanthus excelsa)饲料对苏丹沙漠羔羊干物质采食量、养分消化率和生产性能的影响。试验选用12头6月龄、体重(17+ 0.37)kg的羔羊，随机分为3组，每组4头。他们接种了疫苗，并服用了广谱抗寄生虫药(伊维菌素)，用于治疗体内和体外寄生虫，并进行了耳标，以便在治疗期间进行识别。ⅰ组、ⅱ组和ⅲ组分别饲喂臭椿、饲料、花生秸秆和自然放牧。连续供水，每日监测采食量。采用全粪收集法对饲料样品进行分析，测定营养物质表观消化率。采用方差分析对完整的随机设计数据进行分析，采用最小显著差异检验(Least Significant Difference test, LSD)检测均数差异。采食量以1组显著(P<0.05)高于对照组，其次为花生茬组，最后为自然放牧组，采食量分别为865.90、850和800 g / d。干物质消化率以大Ailanthus饲料组最高，其次是花生，自然放牧组最低，DMD分别为75.67、67.45和56.45%，有机物消化率分别为78.61、69.65和57.55%。体重变化趋势表明，以峨眉花饲料组为最高，其次为花生糠组，自然放牧组较低。饲喂臭椿饲料的动物日增重最高(60克)，而饲喂花生饲料和自然放牧的动物日增重分别为45克和40克。
{"title":"Effects of feeding Ailanthus excelsa (Roxb.) leaves on desert lamb’s feed intake, nutrients digestibility and growth performance","authors":"Musa Tibin Musa Ahmed, Alsharif Zahra Alfaki, Mohammed Abutaba Yahia Ibrahim, Jadalla Jumaa Barram, Ebrahiem Mohammed Alhadi","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000089","url":null,"abstract":"This trial was designed to study the effect of intake of ailanto (Ailanthus excelsa) fodder on dry matter intake, nutrients digestibility and performance of Sudanese Desert lambs. Twelve heads of lambs, six months old and weighing (17+ 0.37) kg were divided into three groups with four heads each. They were vaccinated and dosed with broad-spectrum antihelmentics (ivermectin) for treatment against internal and external parasites and ear- tagged to facilitate identification during treatments. The Ailanthus excelsa, fodder, groundnut haulms and the natural grazing was fed to group I, II and III, respectively. Water was provided continuously and feed intake was monitored daily. The feed samples were analyzed and apparent nutrients digestibility was determined by total feces collection method. This complete randomized design data was analyzed via analysis of variance and differences among means were detected using Least Significant Difference test (LSD). Feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher for group 1 followed by the group on groundnut haulms and finally the group on the natural grazing where the amounts consumed was 865.90, 850 and 800 grams per day. Dry matter digestibility was the highest in the group on Ailanthus excelsa fodder, followed by groundnut haulms and the lowest for those on natural grazing where DMD was 75.67, 67.45, and 56.45%, organic matter digestibility 78.61, 69.65 and 57.55%. Body weight changes indicated that they were higher in the Ailanthus excelsa fodder group and then in the groundnut haulms group and lower in the natural grazing group. The highest daily weight gain (60 grams) was obtained when animals fed on Ailanthus excelsa fodder compared to 45 grams and 40 grams a day for the group fed groundnut haulms and natural grazing, respectively.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129059414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review mainly focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory diseases, abortions, perinatal mortalities and neurological diseases in horses caused by EHV-1 and EHV-4. There are several sources of EHV-1 and EHV-4 which are transmitted by different routes. The latency and reactivation of EHV-1 and EHV-4 play an important role in the persistence of infection with these viruses in the equine population. These viruses are major agents in respiratory diseases in horses. Mares and their foals play an important role in the circulation of these viruses on farms. Abortion and perinatal mortality can take the sporadic or epizootic form. Neurological disease is caused primarily by neuropathogenic EHV-1. Combined epizootics of neurological diseases and abortions are common.
{"title":"Epidemiology of EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections: A review","authors":"Derbal Saïd","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000088","url":null,"abstract":"This review mainly focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory diseases, abortions, perinatal mortalities and neurological diseases in horses caused by EHV-1 and EHV-4. There are several sources of EHV-1 and EHV-4 which are transmitted by different routes. The latency and reactivation of EHV-1 and EHV-4 play an important role in the persistence of infection with these viruses in the equine population. These viruses are major agents in respiratory diseases in horses. Mares and their foals play an important role in the circulation of these viruses on farms. Abortion and perinatal mortality can take the sporadic or epizootic form. Neurological disease is caused primarily by neuropathogenic EHV-1. Combined epizootics of neurological diseases and abortions are common.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121192056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Julius, A. Emmanuel, N. Victor, Tchedele Achille Olivier, Mouliom Mouiche Mohamed Moctar, Kilekoung Mingoas Jean-Pierre, Zoli André Pagnah
Tuberculosis (TB) due to Mycobacterium bovis is a wasting disease of animals with severe public health significance. Though widely diagnosed in cattle and the performance of Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) at different cut-off points compared in various environmental conditions, there is dearth of information with respect to TB in goats in Cameroon. This study estimated the prevalence of bovine TB in goats in Benuoe area of Cameroon, based on the performance of TST against detection of tuberculous-like lesions and acid-fast bacilli as gold tests. The study detected goat TB based on tuberculous-like lesions (27.87%), acid-fast bacilli (3.29%); and bovine TB positive reactions (12.28%, 95%CI: 9.19–15.95), (8.95%, 95%CI: 6.31–12.23) and (5.37%, 95%CI: 3.36–8.09) at Single intradermal cervical tuberculin (SICT) ≥2.5mm, ≥3mm, and ≥4mm and (2.30%, 95%CI: 1.06–4.32), (1.79%, 95%CI: 0.72–3.65) and (1.02%, 95%CI: 0.28– 2.60) at Single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) ≥2mm, ≥3mm, and ≥4mm cut-off points, respectively. SICT and SICCT sensitivity (11.76%) against detection of tuberculous-like lesions was significantly lower [p<0.05] with slight agreements [Kappa=0.161] compared to sensitivity (100%) and perfect agreements [Kappa=1.00] against detection of acid-fast bacilli at these cut-offs. The Bayesian model revealed a goat TB prevalence of 18.41% (95%CI: 11.73–27.00) using SICT and 4.28 (95%CI: 1.26–8.60) using SICCT with the performance characteristic being higher for SICT than SICCT at ≥2mm cut-off. However, two-graph ROC (TG-ROC) analysis revealed that the optimal goat TB diagnosis with SICCT was at ≥2mm cut-off point. Many goat handlers were aware of health hazards of zoonotic TB but ignorant about goat TB and its possible zoonotic transmission to humans. The study reports the first comparative tuberculin skin test of goats in Benoue area of North-Cameroon and confirmed that zoonotic TB is a neglected health and production problem of goats in Cameroon that needs further investigated.
{"title":"Tuberculosis in goats in Benoue area of North Cameroon: Prevalence, diagnostic performance of intradermal tuberculin skin test and zoonotic risk factors","authors":"A. Julius, A. Emmanuel, N. Victor, Tchedele Achille Olivier, Mouliom Mouiche Mohamed Moctar, Kilekoung Mingoas Jean-Pierre, Zoli André Pagnah","doi":"10.17352/ijvsr.000087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.000087","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) due to Mycobacterium bovis is a wasting disease of animals with severe public health significance. Though widely diagnosed in cattle and the performance of Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) at different cut-off points compared in various environmental conditions, there is dearth of information with respect to TB in goats in Cameroon. This study estimated the prevalence of bovine TB in goats in Benuoe area of Cameroon, based on the performance of TST against detection of tuberculous-like lesions and acid-fast bacilli as gold tests. The study detected goat TB based on tuberculous-like lesions (27.87%), acid-fast bacilli (3.29%); and bovine TB positive reactions (12.28%, 95%CI: 9.19–15.95), (8.95%, 95%CI: 6.31–12.23) and (5.37%, 95%CI: 3.36–8.09) at Single intradermal cervical tuberculin (SICT) ≥2.5mm, ≥3mm, and ≥4mm and (2.30%, 95%CI: 1.06–4.32), (1.79%, 95%CI: 0.72–3.65) and (1.02%, 95%CI: 0.28– 2.60) at Single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) ≥2mm, ≥3mm, and ≥4mm cut-off points, respectively. SICT and SICCT sensitivity (11.76%) against detection of tuberculous-like lesions was significantly lower [p<0.05] with slight agreements [Kappa=0.161] compared to sensitivity (100%) and perfect agreements [Kappa=1.00] against detection of acid-fast bacilli at these cut-offs. The Bayesian model revealed a goat TB prevalence of 18.41% (95%CI: 11.73–27.00) using SICT and 4.28 (95%CI: 1.26–8.60) using SICCT with the performance characteristic being higher for SICT than SICCT at ≥2mm cut-off. However, two-graph ROC (TG-ROC) analysis revealed that the optimal goat TB diagnosis with SICCT was at ≥2mm cut-off point. Many goat handlers were aware of health hazards of zoonotic TB but ignorant about goat TB and its possible zoonotic transmission to humans. The study reports the first comparative tuberculin skin test of goats in Benoue area of North-Cameroon and confirmed that zoonotic TB is a neglected health and production problem of goats in Cameroon that needs further investigated.","PeriodicalId":344700,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125626592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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