Pub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100353
William Powrie , David Milne , Geoff Watson , Ben Lee , Louis Le Pen
It has for many years been relatively straightforward to attach an accelerometer to a railway track and obtain data of track accelerations as trains pass. However, not all devices are suitable and there are a number of potential pitfalls in processing and interpreting the signal. The Paper discusses these, starting with issues associated with the measurement itself including the frequency of sampling, filtering and noise. Aspects of interpretation and use of train signature data are then considered. Areas of current debate and disagreement are highlighted, and some degree of resolution proposed, with reference to original and published data. This resolution, and new data on the performance of a complex set of switches and crossings, are the significant contributions to current knowledge.
{"title":"Validation, interpretation and use of railway track acceleration data","authors":"William Powrie , David Milne , Geoff Watson , Ben Lee , Louis Le Pen","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has for many years been relatively straightforward to attach an accelerometer to a railway track and obtain data of track accelerations as trains pass. However, not all devices are suitable and there are a number of potential pitfalls in processing and interpreting the signal. The Paper discusses these, starting with issues associated with the measurement itself including the frequency of sampling, filtering and noise. Aspects of interpretation and use of train signature data are then considered. Areas of current debate and disagreement are highlighted, and some degree of resolution proposed, with reference to original and published data. This resolution, and new data on the performance of a complex set of switches and crossings, are the significant contributions to current knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-25DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100352
Zia Ur Rehman , Jiang Chaozhe , Arshad Jamal , Yahya Almarhabi , Chenzhu Wang , Edris Alam , Md Kamrul Islam
Pedestrian safety poses a pressing public health concern globally, accounting for a significant proportion of traffic-related injuries. Understanding the risk factors in vehicle crashes involving pedestrians is vital to developing and implementing effective countermeasures and policies. Existing studies have mainly focused on identifying pedestrians’ risk predictors through conventional statistical and machine learning models. Despite the growing importance of these models in traffic safety, the consistency of risk factors among machine learning and deep learning approaches has been scarcely explored. This study fills a research gap by modeling pedestrian traffic collisions through systematic machine and deep learning frameworks and comparing the consistency of severity risk factors between both methods. Pedestrian crash data from Rawalpindi, Pakistan, are used to develop two machine learning models (Random Forest and Gradient-Boosted Trees) and a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model. Further, a comprehensive analysis of vehicle-hit pedestrian crashes is conducted using the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analytics. Modeling results revealed that the DNN model outperformed other models, achieving a prediction accuracy of 93.51 %. Analysis for critical risk factors using the Random Forest model indicates that variables such as season of the year, weather types, and crash characteristics (such as overspeeding, distractions, and vehicle-pedestrian collision types), time of the crash are consistent with those obtained from DNN model. These consistent results highlight the ability of machine learning and deep learning models to provide interpretable insights that can direct the development of affordable and effective safety measures to enhance pedestrian safety
{"title":"Unveiling pedestrian injury severity risk factors: A comparative analysis of machine learning and deep learning methods","authors":"Zia Ur Rehman , Jiang Chaozhe , Arshad Jamal , Yahya Almarhabi , Chenzhu Wang , Edris Alam , Md Kamrul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pedestrian safety poses a pressing public health concern globally, accounting for a significant proportion of traffic-related injuries. Understanding the risk factors in vehicle crashes involving pedestrians is vital to developing and implementing effective countermeasures and policies. Existing studies have mainly focused on identifying pedestrians’ risk predictors through conventional statistical and machine learning models. Despite the growing importance of these models in traffic safety, the consistency of risk factors among machine learning and deep learning approaches has been scarcely explored. This study fills a research gap by modeling pedestrian traffic collisions through systematic machine and deep learning frameworks and comparing the consistency of severity risk factors between both methods. Pedestrian crash data from Rawalpindi, Pakistan, are used to develop two machine learning models (Random Forest and Gradient-Boosted Trees) and a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model. Further, a comprehensive analysis of vehicle-hit pedestrian crashes is conducted using the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analytics. Modeling results revealed that the DNN model outperformed other models, achieving a prediction accuracy of 93.51 %. Analysis for critical risk factors using the Random Forest model indicates that variables such as season of the year, weather types, and crash characteristics (such as overspeeding, distractions, and vehicle-pedestrian collision types), time of the crash are consistent with those obtained from DNN model. These consistent results highlight the ability of machine learning and deep learning models to provide interpretable insights that can direct the development of affordable and effective safety measures to enhance pedestrian safety</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100351
Juan Manuel Pulido , Ivan Cardenas , Valentin Carlan , Tom Bergmans , Thierry Vanelslander
Synchromodality aims to enhance freight transport efficiency by the synchronization of intermodal transport elements achieved through accurate, timely, and transparent information exchange, enabling real-time decision-making. Despite advancements in information technology and due to trust issues, data often remains siloed, which hinders synchromodality performance and operational targets. Federated data spaces offer a solution by creating decentralized ecosystems that facilitate the leveraging of critical data. This paper explores the potential of data spaces in the context of synchromodality. Through a case study in inland waterway transport, we demonstrate the practical application of a decentralized, open-source approach, illustrating how data space technologies can enable synchromodal transport. Our findings from the use case indicate that integrating data space technological actors beyond traditional transport stakeholders is essential for successfully implementing synchromodality. These actors can resolve interoperability and data quality issues, enforce data usage policies, and provide applications within the data space to execute needed tasks and services. We conclude that the effectiveness of data space deployment depends on well-defined, robust data usage policies, permitting data exchange among participants under agreed-upon conditions. Lastly, we recommend further research on governance mechanisms, value propositions, and business models for data spaces within the context of synchromodality.
{"title":"Contributing to synchromodality through the implementation of a federated data space in Inland Waterway Transport","authors":"Juan Manuel Pulido , Ivan Cardenas , Valentin Carlan , Tom Bergmans , Thierry Vanelslander","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synchromodality aims to enhance freight transport efficiency by the synchronization of intermodal transport elements achieved through accurate, timely, and transparent information exchange, enabling real-time decision-making. Despite advancements in information technology and due to trust issues, data often remains siloed, which hinders synchromodality performance and operational targets. Federated data spaces offer a solution by creating decentralized ecosystems that facilitate the leveraging of critical data. This paper explores the potential of data spaces in the context of synchromodality. Through a case study in inland waterway transport, we demonstrate the practical application of a decentralized, open-source approach, illustrating how data space technologies can enable synchromodal transport. Our findings from the use case indicate that integrating data space technological actors beyond traditional transport stakeholders is essential for successfully implementing synchromodality. These actors can resolve interoperability and data quality issues, enforce data usage policies, and provide applications within the data space to execute needed tasks and services. We conclude that the effectiveness of data space deployment depends on well-defined, robust data usage policies, permitting data exchange among participants under agreed-upon conditions. Lastly, we recommend further research on governance mechanisms, value propositions, and business models for data spaces within the context of synchromodality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-18DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100346
Jiankun Liu , Zhaohui Sun , Yinghui Cui , Tianfei Hu , Bowen Tai
Permafrost is widely distributed across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and under the influence of climate warming, low-temperature frozen soil is gradually degrading into warm frozen soil. The ratio of ice to unfrozen water in warm frozen soil is highly sensitive to temperature changes, resulting in significant instability in its mechanical properties. To ensure the long-term stability of structures overlying permafrost foundations, conducting research on the mechanical characteristics of warm frozen soil and proposing effective measures to mitigate thaw settlement are crucial. This paper presents the research progress of our team in the field of warm frozen soil dynamics. Using a dynamic triaxial apparatus for frozen soil and a self-developed dynamic direct shear apparatus, we investigated the behavior of warm frozen soil under different temperatures, revealing the influence of temperature on its dynamic stress-strain relationship and dynamic parameters. The development of frozen soil creep theory is reviewed, and advancements in frozen soil dynamics research are summarized and discussed. This paper proposes the use of solar refrigeration technology to protect permafrost, introducing a solar-powered compression refrigeration device and its working principles. The active cooling performance of the device was tested through model experiments and field trials. Additionally, the design and construction techniques of all-season cooling embankments are discussed, providing theoretical and technical support for the stability control of subgrade engineering in permafrost regions.
{"title":"Dynamic mechanical characteristics and anti-thaw measures of warm frozen soil","authors":"Jiankun Liu , Zhaohui Sun , Yinghui Cui , Tianfei Hu , Bowen Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permafrost is widely distributed across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and under the influence of climate warming, low-temperature frozen soil is gradually degrading into warm frozen soil. The ratio of ice to unfrozen water in warm frozen soil is highly sensitive to temperature changes, resulting in significant instability in its mechanical properties. To ensure the long-term stability of structures overlying permafrost foundations, conducting research on the mechanical characteristics of warm frozen soil and proposing effective measures to mitigate thaw settlement are crucial. This paper presents the research progress of our team in the field of warm frozen soil dynamics. Using a dynamic triaxial apparatus for frozen soil and a self-developed dynamic direct shear apparatus, we investigated the behavior of warm frozen soil under different temperatures, revealing the influence of temperature on its dynamic stress-strain relationship and dynamic parameters. The development of frozen soil creep theory is reviewed, and advancements in frozen soil dynamics research are summarized and discussed. This paper proposes the use of solar refrigeration technology to protect permafrost, introducing a solar-powered compression refrigeration device and its working principles. The active cooling performance of the device was tested through model experiments and field trials. Additionally, the design and construction techniques of all-season cooling embankments are discussed, providing theoretical and technical support for the stability control of subgrade engineering in permafrost regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-18DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100345
Caterina Caramuta, Alessia Grosso, Giovanni Longo, Chiara Ricchetti, Lucia Rotaris
Given their high flexibility, Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services have been increasingly implemented in recent years to address mobility challenges associated with environmental and social sustainability. Such transport solutions are particularly suited to satisfy the needs of specific customer categories and territories, and to serve peak-off periods. Efficiency in resource allocation and cooperation among the involved stakeholders represent crucial aspects to ensure the successful implementation of DRT services. To prove this, the study describes the results of the fruitful collaboration between the University of Trieste, Italy, and the local public transport operator in the design and implementation of a DRT service to accommodate the evening and night leisure transfers of university students. To this end, a questionnaire was administered to students in order to perform a demand analysis: notably, a discrete choice experiment was carried out to define the characteristics of the service in terms of city area served, booking time, fare and service timing. According to a logit model, the probability of students of choosing a certain service alternative was defined, suggesting the preferred service configuration. Consequently, a mobile application was developed to digitize the procedures of booking, tracing and paying bus transfers, other than monitoring the performances of the DRT service. Data collected during six months of service operation show promising results, having recorded a peak of 500 served students in one shift. A satisfactory survey revealed that the main service advantages perceived by users deal with an increase in economic convenience, transfer flexibility and personal security.
{"title":"Design, implementation and monitoring of a Demand Responsive Transport service for student leisure transfers: The case study of University of Trieste","authors":"Caterina Caramuta, Alessia Grosso, Giovanni Longo, Chiara Ricchetti, Lucia Rotaris","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given their high flexibility, Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services have been increasingly implemented in recent years to address mobility challenges associated with environmental and social sustainability. Such transport solutions are particularly suited to satisfy the needs of specific customer categories and territories, and to serve peak-off periods. Efficiency in resource allocation and cooperation among the involved stakeholders represent crucial aspects to ensure the successful implementation of DRT services. To prove this, the study describes the results of the fruitful collaboration between the University of Trieste, Italy, and the local public transport operator in the design and implementation of a DRT service to accommodate the evening and night leisure transfers of university students. To this end, a questionnaire was administered to students in order to perform a demand analysis: notably, a discrete choice experiment was carried out to define the characteristics of the service in terms of city area served, booking time, fare and service timing. According to a logit model, the probability of students of choosing a certain service alternative was defined, suggesting the preferred service configuration. Consequently, a mobile application was developed to digitize the procedures of booking, tracing and paying bus transfers, other than monitoring the performances of the DRT service. Data collected during six months of service operation show promising results, having recorded a peak of 500 served students in one shift. A satisfactory survey revealed that the main service advantages perceived by users deal with an increase in economic convenience, transfer flexibility and personal security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100348
Long Hoang Duong , Son Hoang Do , Hieu Xuan Vo , Minh Quang Pham , Thang Viet Vu , Thong Duc Hong
This work evaluates the differences in combustion, performance, and emission characteristics between two combustion models of the Vibe 2-Zone and Multiple Vibe 2-Zone on a single cylinder diesel engine. The AVL Boost software was used to investigate the engine at its 85 % load with differences in the PRs, ignition timings, and combustion durations. The simulation results based on the two combustion models will be analyzed and compared to show their similarities and differences. The findings indicate that there is an insignificant difference between the two models in terms of power, torque, and brake-specific fuel consumption. The highest differences between the two models are 0.75, 2.48, and 2.48 % for power, torque, and brake specific fuel consumption, respectively. For peak cylinder temperature and pressure, the largest difference between the two models is 2.07 % and 15.47 %. The difference in emissions between the two models is quite significant, especially with NOx. The most considerable differences between the two models are 7.52 %, 11.34 %, and 42.67 % for CO, soot, and NOx, respectively. The study highlights that the Vibe 2-Zone combustion model is preferable for engine performance simulations due to its advantages, including reduced input parameter requirements and time efficiency. However, the Multiple Vibe 2-Zone combustion model is recommended for greater accuracy, particularly in emission predictions.
{"title":"Comparative study of Vibe 2-Zone and Multiple Vibe 2-Zone combustion models on combustion, performance, and emissions of a diesel engine","authors":"Long Hoang Duong , Son Hoang Do , Hieu Xuan Vo , Minh Quang Pham , Thang Viet Vu , Thong Duc Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work evaluates the differences in combustion, performance, and emission characteristics between two combustion models of the Vibe 2-Zone and Multiple Vibe 2-Zone on a single cylinder diesel engine. The AVL Boost software was used to investigate the engine at its 85 % load with differences in the PRs, ignition timings, and combustion durations. The simulation results based on the two combustion models will be analyzed and compared to show their similarities and differences. The findings indicate that there is an insignificant difference between the two models in terms of power, torque, and brake-specific fuel consumption. The highest differences between the two models are 0.75, 2.48, and 2.48 % for power, torque, and brake specific fuel consumption, respectively. For peak cylinder temperature and pressure, the largest difference between the two models is 2.07 % and 15.47 %. The difference in emissions between the two models is quite significant, especially with NOx. The most considerable differences between the two models are 7.52 %, 11.34 %, and 42.67 % for CO, soot, and NOx, respectively. The study highlights that the Vibe 2-Zone combustion model is preferable for engine performance simulations due to its advantages, including reduced input parameter requirements and time efficiency. However, the Multiple Vibe 2-Zone combustion model is recommended for greater accuracy, particularly in emission predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100349
Hadi Taghavifar
A new arrangement of the engine is introduced where the cylinder revolves around the hinged structure to let the normal force be exerted on the connecting rod. It is proven that in this case, up to 26.3 % extra force can be obtained compared to a conventional design. In this design, constant maintenance such as lubrication, cooling due to intensive friction, and piston-cylinder sealing is reduced. When the cylinder is hinged, it runs more smoothly, and under the same 1 bar input pressure, the engine speed is 60 rpm more than that of an engine in the conventional configuration. This demonstrates the efficiency of the hinged-cylinder configuration. The consolidated connecting rod/piston assembly in a freely revolving cylindrical duct has a DOF = 2, showing the design's full practical potential. To prove the validity of the proposed power system, the multibody dynamic simulation of assembly is implemented in ADAMS, which again confirms higher force applied to the shaft (Fhinged ≈ 7.5 kN > Ffixed ≈ 1.28 kN).
{"title":"Design and fabrication of a power system with a swinging cylinder: a hinged cylinder-piston layout of pendulum motion","authors":"Hadi Taghavifar","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new arrangement of the engine is introduced where the cylinder revolves around the hinged structure to let the normal force be exerted on the connecting rod. It is proven that in this case, up to 26.3 % extra force can be obtained compared to a conventional design. In this design, constant maintenance such as lubrication, cooling due to intensive friction, and piston-cylinder sealing is reduced. When the cylinder is hinged, it runs more smoothly, and under the same 1 bar input pressure, the engine speed is 60 rpm more than that of an engine in the conventional configuration. This demonstrates the efficiency of the hinged-cylinder configuration. The consolidated connecting rod/piston assembly in a freely revolving cylindrical duct has a DOF = 2, showing the design's full practical potential. To prove the validity of the proposed power system, the multibody dynamic simulation of assembly is implemented in ADAMS, which again confirms higher force applied to the shaft (F<sub>hinged</sub> ≈ 7.5 kN > F<sub>fixed</sub> ≈ 1.28 kN).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100347
Francesco Piras , Gianfranco Fancello , Antonio Comi
In recent years, e-shopping has gained increasing popularity, with more people gradually shifting from traditional shopping channels to online platforms causing significant impacts on city sustainability due to small, frequent, sprawled, and failed deliveries. In fact, due to the necessity of using sometimes-inefficient delivery trips to deliver products to consumers (such as at their residences), this can have a substantial influence on freight traffic in metropolitan regions. Using data from interviews with 509 respondents carried out in Sardinia (Italy) in 2022, the current study investigates how end consumers’ choices between online and physical (in-store) shopping are related. In doing this, two different econometrics models for simulating online and in-store shopping were constructed: a multivariate ordered probit model to understand which covariates influence the propensity to purchase different kinds of products online and in-store; a binary probit model to identify who is more likely to reduce the number of trips due to e-shopping. From the descriptive statistical analysis, it emerged that a majority of individuals in the sample (62.3 %) reduced their number of physical shopping trips due to e-shopping (substitution effect). The multivariate ordered probit model shows that socio-demographic characteristics, land-use attributes, and psychological variables significantly influence shopping behavior. Specifically, the perception of online shopping accessibility and quality positively correlates with the likelihood of purchasing certain product categories online. Conversely, the perceived importance of touching products and in-store safety positively affects in-store shopping preferences. Additionally, positive correlation terms among online and in-store shopping tendencies for the same product categories suggest that consumers inclined to buy certain items online are also more likely to purchase them in-store. The binary probit model highlights substantial heterogeneity in the likelihood of reducing physical shopping trips. Individuals with more experience shopping online, higher perceptions of online quality, and lower importance placed on touching products are more likely to reduce in-store visits. From a policy perspective, this study emphasizes the need for urban planners and policymakers to integrate consumer shopping behavior into strategies aimed at managing urban mobility, logistics, and last-mile delivery systems.
{"title":"Towards a sustainable urban mobility: comparing online and in-store shopping choices","authors":"Francesco Piras , Gianfranco Fancello , Antonio Comi","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, e-shopping has gained increasing popularity, with more people gradually shifting from traditional shopping channels to online platforms causing significant impacts on city sustainability due to small, frequent, sprawled, and failed deliveries. In fact, due to the necessity of using sometimes-inefficient delivery trips to deliver products to consumers (such as at their residences), this can have a substantial influence on freight traffic in metropolitan regions. Using data from interviews with 509 respondents carried out in Sardinia (Italy) in 2022, the current study investigates how end consumers’ choices between online and physical (in-store) shopping are related. In doing this, two different econometrics models for simulating online and in-store shopping were constructed: a multivariate ordered probit model to understand which covariates influence the propensity to purchase different kinds of products online and in-store; a binary probit model to identify who is more likely to reduce the number of trips due to e-shopping. From the descriptive statistical analysis, it emerged that a majority of individuals in the sample (62.3 %) reduced their number of physical shopping trips due to e-shopping (substitution effect). The multivariate ordered probit model shows that socio-demographic characteristics, land-use attributes, and psychological variables significantly influence shopping behavior. Specifically, the perception of online shopping accessibility and quality positively correlates with the likelihood of purchasing certain product categories online. Conversely, the perceived importance of touching products and in-store safety positively affects in-store shopping preferences. Additionally, positive correlation terms among online and in-store shopping tendencies for the same product categories suggest that consumers inclined to buy certain items online are also more likely to purchase them in-store. The binary probit model highlights substantial heterogeneity in the likelihood of reducing physical shopping trips. Individuals with more experience shopping online, higher perceptions of online quality, and lower importance placed on touching products are more likely to reduce in-store visits. From a policy perspective, this study emphasizes the need for urban planners and policymakers to integrate consumer shopping behavior into strategies aimed at managing urban mobility, logistics, and last-mile delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100350
Toni Simolin , Pertti Järventausta , Mario Paolone
Electric vehicles (EVs) fast-charging is a crucial enabler for the smooth electrification of the private mobility. In the available literature, studies related to fast-charging have been mainly focusing on the optimal sizing/placement and/or operation of the related infrastructure. However, little effort is made to develop methods to model the fast-charging process of EVs with heterogeneous characteristics and where no other information, like ambient temperature and EV specifications, are available. This paper aims to fill this gap by proposing a fast-charging profile model based on the analysis of real-world level 3 charging measurements available open source. The proposed model is compared to existing ones proposed in the literature. The proposed model yields an RMSE of 15.5 kW for charging power and 9.2 min for charging duration modelling, which are both more than 25 % lower than those of existing methods. Consequently, the proposed model can be used by planners and operators requiring the knowledge of accurate EV fast-charging profiles.
{"title":"Analysis and modelling of DC fast-charging profiles of heterogeneous EVs","authors":"Toni Simolin , Pertti Järventausta , Mario Paolone","doi":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.treng.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric vehicles (EVs) fast-charging is a crucial enabler for the smooth electrification of the private mobility. In the available literature, studies related to fast-charging have been mainly focusing on the optimal sizing/placement and/or operation of the related infrastructure. However, little effort is made to develop methods to model the fast-charging process of EVs with heterogeneous characteristics and where no other information, like ambient temperature and EV specifications, are available. This paper aims to fill this gap by proposing a fast-charging profile model based on the analysis of real-world level 3 charging measurements available open source. The proposed model is compared to existing ones proposed in the literature. The proposed model yields an RMSE of 15.5 kW for charging power and 9.2 min for charging duration modelling, which are both more than 25 % lower than those of existing methods. Consequently, the proposed model can be used by planners and operators requiring the knowledge of accurate EV fast-charging profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34480,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Engineering","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-14DOI: 10.1016/j.treng.2025.100339
Grégory Andreoli , Amine Ihamouten , Franziska Schmidt , Mai Lan Nguyen , David Souriou , Xavier Dérobert
Time resolution is one of the limiting factors when using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) techniques to characterize thin layers in the subsurface, such as the tack coat in pavements. To evaluate this residual bituminous emulsion at the interface between the wearing course and the binder course, we have developed an inverse method based on a hybrid data processing approach that combines machine learning (ML) algorithms with Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI). Adding the dielectric permittivity of the wearing course (extracted via FWI) as a structural a priori input into the SVM/SVR models has demonstrated the strong potential of this methodology on synthetic time domain signals. This research, proposes extending such a methodology through experimental campaigns. To carry out this study, three distinct campaigns have been planned, namely on: Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA)-controlled slabs manufactured in the laboratory; a controlled full-scale structure using the Gustave Eiffel University fatigue carousel (Nantes, France); and a new, yet-to-be-used, road in France. These experiments serve to validate the performance improvements of various classification and regression SVM/SVR algorithms when adding the dielectric permittivity of the wearing course. Herein will be compared the results of the global approach, without preprocessing raw time domain signals, with the developed hybrid model.
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