In this paper we provide a brief account of patterns of causation in modern Irish that occur with lexically causative verbs. Three types of causation are found in modern Irish: lexical, periphrastic and morphological. In terms of the relative weightings of each type, the morphological causative is the least productive. Its use appears to be highly constrained to two very specific domains and it is signalled by particular morphological affixes. Lexical causatives are more productive than the morphological causative. By contrast, periphrastic or analytical causatives are highly productive and wide-ranging in their deployment. A claim of this paper is that an important class of causative constructions are modelled on an underlying schema of caused motion. Within this schema we find that different types of NPs occur to code the end state of the clause, thereby licensing different types of clause structures. We will demonstrate that there are a number of significant generalisations in the causative constructions that would otherwise be missed, or difficult to find, without the insights inherent in Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) and its logical structure formalism. In particular, we deploy a decompositional representation influenced by RRG to represent the underlying situation types, states of affairs, and events to bring out various uses of the verb cuir ’put’ and in so doing we uncover significant evidence to support our contention that motion is a factor in causation along with the eventive primitives of CAUSE, BECOME, INGR and BE. We provide evidence relating to lexically causative verbs in modern Irish whereby they are shown to co-occur with certain prepositional phrases to create periphrastic causative constructions whose semantics is beyond that recorded lexically on the verb.
{"title":"Lexical Semantics and Patterns of Causation","authors":"B. Nolan","doi":"10.21427/D7R44X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7R44X","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we provide a brief account of patterns of causation in modern Irish that occur with lexically causative verbs. Three types of causation are found in modern Irish: lexical, periphrastic and morphological. In terms of the relative weightings of each type, the morphological causative is the least productive. Its use appears to be highly constrained to two very specific domains and it is signalled by particular morphological affixes. Lexical causatives are more productive than the morphological causative. By contrast, periphrastic or analytical causatives are highly productive and wide-ranging in their deployment. A claim of this paper is that an important class of causative constructions are modelled on an underlying schema of caused motion. Within this schema we find that different types of NPs occur to code the end state of the clause, thereby licensing different types of clause structures. We will demonstrate that there are a number of significant generalisations in the causative constructions that would otherwise be missed, or difficult to find, without the insights inherent in Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) and its logical structure formalism. In particular, we deploy a decompositional representation influenced by RRG to represent the underlying situation types, states of affairs, and events to bring out various uses of the verb cuir ’put’ and in so doing we uncover significant evidence to support our contention that motion is a factor in causation along with the eventive primitives of CAUSE, BECOME, INGR and BE. We provide evidence relating to lexically causative verbs in modern Irish whereby they are shown to co-occur with certain prepositional phrases to create periphrastic causative constructions whose semantics is beyond that recorded lexically on the verb.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127099461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper outlines a framework implemented entirely in Java that attempts to give students exposure to computer vision systems from a practical standpoint. Various tools and technologies are introduced that will allow a student to acquire an input image through a WebCam, extract useful information from that input image and finally, attempt to make sense of the input.
{"title":"A Java Framework for Computer Vision","authors":"Stephen Sheridan","doi":"10.21427/D7845Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7845Z","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines a framework implemented entirely in Java that attempts to give students exposure to computer vision systems from a practical standpoint. Various tools and technologies are introduced that will allow a student to acquire an input image through a WebCam, extract useful information from that input image and finally, attempt to make sense of the input.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127561373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first modern linguistic analysis of a signed language was published in 1960 by William C. Stokoe, Jr., a professor of English at Gallaudet University, Washington DC, the only college for the deaf in the world. Nearly sixty years on, research in the area of sign language linguistics has established that signed languages are fully developed natural languages with their own syntax, morphology and phonology. The morphology and phonology of signed languages is concerned among with manual and non-manual features. These include handshapes, head, torso, eyebrow, eye, cheek, mouth, nose, chin and tongue movement and also movement of the shoulders. On application of various phonological rules these are used to represent the morphemes, phonemes, phonomorphememes and lexemes of Sign Language. This paper is concerned with determining the computational lexicon morphological-phonological interface of Irish Sign Language Sign (ISL) for sign realisation. We provide an outline of our proposed computational phonological parameters for ISL. These parameters are determined with a view to developing a lexicon architecture that is capable of representing the linguistic phenomena consistent with Sign Language and in particular to this research, ISL.
1960年，美国华盛顿特区加劳德特大学(Gallaudet University)的英语教授小威廉·c·斯托克(William C. Stokoe, Jr.)发表了第一篇现代手语分析论文。这所大学是世界上唯一一所聋人大学。近60年来，手语语言学领域的研究已经确定，手语是一种完全发展的自然语言，具有自己的句法、形态和音韵。手语的形态学和音系学是手语和非手语的共同特征。这些动作包括手的形状、头部、躯干、眉毛、眼睛、脸颊、嘴巴、鼻子、下巴和舌头的动作以及肩膀的动作。根据不同的音位规则，这些符号分别表示手语的语素、音素、音素和词素。本文研究确定爱尔兰手语符号(ISL)用于符号实现的计算词汇形态-语音界面。我们提供了我们提出的ISL计算语音参数的大纲。这些参数的确定是为了开发一个能够表示与手语一致的语言现象的词典架构，特别是本研究，ISL。
{"title":"Computing the Lexicon Morphological-Phonological Interface for Irish Sign Language Sign Realisation","authors":"Irene Murtagh","doi":"10.21427/D7RT6K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7RT6K","url":null,"abstract":"The first modern linguistic analysis of a signed language was published in 1960 by William C. Stokoe, Jr., a professor of English at Gallaudet University, Washington DC, the only college for the deaf in the world. Nearly sixty years on, research in the area of sign language linguistics has established that signed languages are fully developed natural languages with their own syntax, morphology and phonology. The morphology and phonology of signed languages is concerned among with manual and non-manual features. These include handshapes, head, torso, eyebrow, eye, cheek, mouth, nose, chin and tongue movement and also movement of the shoulders. On application of various phonological rules these are used to represent the morphemes, phonemes, phonomorphememes and lexemes of Sign Language. This paper is concerned with determining the computational lexicon morphological-phonological interface of Irish Sign Language Sign (ISL) for sign realisation. We provide an outline of our proposed computational phonological parameters for ISL. These parameters are determined with a view to developing a lexicon architecture that is capable of representing the linguistic phenomena consistent with Sign Language and in particular to this research, ISL.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121078033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines Mobile Computing Technology with a particular focus on the effect Mobile Computing is having on teleworking. Mobile computing as it is defined for this paper is described. The enablers of this technology as well as the inhibitors to this technology are discussed. Future possible trends in the area of mobile computing are also explored. Teleworking is reviewed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages it offers to the organization. Also outlined is the use Information Technology (IT) in teleworking. This examination of teleworking leads the paper into the next step up from teleworking i.e. The virtual organization. The issues around this type of structure are outlined including, Strategic Change Issues, Virtual teams, Integration of Virtual teams, Trust Issues and Cultural Issues. The paper then examines the implications involved in managing a virtual organization. Having explored the issues and possible complications surrounding a virtual organization it is important to highlight any strategic advantage that a move to this type of organizational set up would give and organization.
{"title":"The Effects Of Mobile Computing on Teleworking","authors":"Roisin Faherty","doi":"10.21427/D7S625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7S625","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines Mobile Computing Technology with a particular focus on the effect Mobile Computing is having on teleworking. Mobile computing as it is defined for this paper is described. The enablers of this technology as well as the inhibitors to this technology are discussed. Future possible trends in the area of mobile computing are also explored. Teleworking is reviewed in terms of the advantages and disadvantages it offers to the organization. Also outlined is the use Information Technology (IT) in teleworking. This examination of teleworking leads the paper into the next step up from teleworking i.e. The virtual organization. The issues around this type of structure are outlined including, Strategic Change Issues, Virtual teams, Integration of Virtual teams, Trust Issues and Cultural Issues. The paper then examines the implications involved in managing a virtual organization. Having explored the issues and possible complications surrounding a virtual organization it is important to highlight any strategic advantage that a move to this type of organizational set up would give and organization.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121002309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper will discuss the creative potential of liminality. This idea will be developed through a discussion of the experience of the liminal position of the exiled individual and the examination of some personalities whose lives have been shaped by exile. This will encompass the dislocation of the individual from a ‘home’ space into a situation of homelessness, the reworking of the individual’s identity in the unfamiliar environment and the resulting consequences of this shift. It will be argued that the exilic position is characterised by almost permanent liminality, as many situations will not result in a return to normality, i.e. return to the home. It will also be argued that the particular experience of dislocation/exile affords a certain perspective which could not have been gained from remaining at home, and that homelessness therefore breeds innovation and creativity. 1. Understanding home. For the purposes of this essay, familiar connotations of ‘home’ will be explored. It is important to firstly acknowledge that home may represent a site of danger, torment or unhappiness to some unfortunate individuals; therefore, it is essential not to romanticise home in some way. However, there are positive understandings of ‘home’ which could be recognised by most humans. Home represents acceptance of the true self, or an arena to express this, a secure environment to be sad or happy, a space of recognition from the others who belong in the home, a place to house the soul as well as the body. As Tucker (2000) states: “Home is the reflection of our subjectivity in the world. Home is the environment that allows us to fulfil our unique selves through interaction with the world. Home is the environment that allows us to be homely...” (257). Tucker also points out the central idea that home is not restricted to a building – “[h]ome may be an emotional environment, a culture, a geographical location, a political system, a historical time and place, etc., and a combination of all of the above” (ibid). The idea of ‘home’ can also be reassigned to describe the spiritual or mental existence of the individual in the world, as when Heidegger clarifies the position of ‘Dasein’ as “bei the world and the entities in it, he means that, at least in everydayness, we are at home amid the things in our world” (Polt, 1999: 46). Home could then be seen as some sort of sanctuary which exists on many different levels, but is best conceived of as the site of the everyday, the mundane, and the normality which provides comfort for the human being. Turner (1967) documented the departure or separation from the constancy of home life during a ritual which occurred to maintain the normal state. The central characteristic of the rite of separation is “the detachment of the individual or group either from an earlier fixed point in the social structure, from a set of cultural conditions (a ‘state’), or from both” (Turner, 1967: 94). This may be a physical relocation, for example,
{"title":"Home and Exile: Some General Themes","authors":"J. Fawcett","doi":"10.21427/D74T7C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D74T7C","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will discuss the creative potential of liminality. This idea will be developed through a discussion of the experience of the liminal position of the exiled individual and the examination of some personalities whose lives have been shaped by exile. This will encompass the dislocation of the individual from a ‘home’ space into a situation of homelessness, the reworking of the individual’s identity in the unfamiliar environment and the resulting consequences of this shift. It will be argued that the exilic position is characterised by almost permanent liminality, as many situations will not result in a return to normality, i.e. return to the home. It will also be argued that the particular experience of dislocation/exile affords a certain perspective which could not have been gained from remaining at home, and that homelessness therefore breeds innovation and creativity. 1. Understanding home. For the purposes of this essay, familiar connotations of ‘home’ will be explored. It is important to firstly acknowledge that home may represent a site of danger, torment or unhappiness to some unfortunate individuals; therefore, it is essential not to romanticise home in some way. However, there are positive understandings of ‘home’ which could be recognised by most humans. Home represents acceptance of the true self, or an arena to express this, a secure environment to be sad or happy, a space of recognition from the others who belong in the home, a place to house the soul as well as the body. As Tucker (2000) states: “Home is the reflection of our subjectivity in the world. Home is the environment that allows us to fulfil our unique selves through interaction with the world. Home is the environment that allows us to be homely...” (257). Tucker also points out the central idea that home is not restricted to a building – “[h]ome may be an emotional environment, a culture, a geographical location, a political system, a historical time and place, etc., and a combination of all of the above” (ibid). The idea of ‘home’ can also be reassigned to describe the spiritual or mental existence of the individual in the world, as when Heidegger clarifies the position of ‘Dasein’ as “bei the world and the entities in it, he means that, at least in everydayness, we are at home amid the things in our world” (Polt, 1999: 46). Home could then be seen as some sort of sanctuary which exists on many different levels, but is best conceived of as the site of the everyday, the mundane, and the normality which provides comfort for the human being. Turner (1967) documented the departure or separation from the constancy of home life during a ritual which occurred to maintain the normal state. The central characteristic of the rite of separation is “the detachment of the individual or group either from an earlier fixed point in the social structure, from a set of cultural conditions (a ‘state’), or from both” (Turner, 1967: 94). This may be a physical relocation, for example,","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores automatic recognition and semantic capture in vector graphics for graphical information systems. The low-level graphical content of graphical documents, such as a map or architectural drawing, are often captured manually and the encoding of the semantic content seen as an extension of this. The large quantity of new and archived graphical data available on paper makes automatic structuring of such graphical data desirable. A successful method for recognising text data uses statistical language models. This work will investigate and evaluate similar and adapted statistical models (Statistical Graphical Langauge Models, SGLM) to graphical languages based on the associations between different classes of object in a drawing to automate the structuring and recognition of graphical data.
{"title":"Statistical Language Models for Graphical Object Recognition","authors":"L. Keyes, A. O'Sullivan, A. Winstanley","doi":"10.21427/D7D456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7D456","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores automatic recognition and semantic capture in vector graphics for \u0000graphical information systems. The low-level graphical content of graphical documents, such \u0000as a map or architectural drawing, are often captured manually and the encoding of the \u0000semantic content seen as an extension of this. The large quantity of new and archived \u0000graphical data available on paper makes automatic structuring of such graphical data \u0000desirable. A successful method for recognising text data uses statistical language models. \u0000This work will investigate and evaluate similar and adapted statistical models (Statistical \u0000Graphical Langauge Models, SGLM) to graphical languages based on the associations \u0000between different classes of object in a drawing to automate the structuring and recognition \u0000of graphical data.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131039367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper looks at feasibility of creating a piece of software for practical electrical classes that engages learners of different learning styles. Traditional practical electrical classes are usually delivered using text based resources, but due in part to the advances in technology it is possible to provide information in a variety of formats. The starting point of this research was to evaluate the preferred learning style of the typical apprentice learner by using a learning style questionnaire based on the Vark model. The Vark model represents four learning styles Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing and Kinaesthetic. The results from the questionnaire then influenced the design of a workshop interface to suit the learner’s particular learning style. The final design was influenced by expert opinion in the area of learning styles as well as subject area experts. The interface was evaluated by 28 electrical apprentices and six lecturers who all agreed that the interface presented a new and innovative approach to delivering information within a practical workshop setting. The study concludes that it is possible to create a workshop interface that engages learners of different learning styles.
{"title":"Investigating the Feasibility of Creating a Piece of Software for Practical Electrical Classes that Engages Learners of Different Learning Styles","authors":"Shaun Ferns","doi":"10.21427/D77J2N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D77J2N","url":null,"abstract":"This paper looks at feasibility of creating a piece of software for practical electrical classes that engages learners of different learning styles. Traditional practical electrical classes are usually delivered using text based resources, but due in part to the advances in technology it is possible to provide information in a variety of formats. The starting point of this research was to evaluate the preferred learning style of the typical apprentice learner by using a learning style questionnaire based on the Vark model. The Vark model represents four learning styles Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing and Kinaesthetic. The results from the questionnaire then influenced the design of a workshop interface to suit the learner’s particular learning style. The final design was influenced by expert opinion in the area of learning styles as well as subject area experts. The interface was evaluated by 28 electrical apprentices and six lecturers who all agreed that the interface presented a new and innovative approach to delivering information within a practical workshop setting. The study concludes that it is possible to create a workshop interface that engages learners of different learning styles.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114182246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is a need to develop a clearer understanding of what the social pillar of sustainable development means and how it relates to the environmental pillar. This article contributes to this proces...
{"title":"The Social Pillar of Sustainable Development A literature review and framework for policy analysis","authors":"K. Murphy","doi":"10.21427/D7PX60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7PX60","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need to develop a clearer understanding of what the social pillar of sustainable development means and how it relates to the environmental pillar. This article contributes to this proces...","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"146 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115904087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Camera Control through Cinematography in 3D Computer Games","authors":"J. Kneafsey, H. McCabe","doi":"10.21427/D7XX65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7XX65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124022599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decades it has become generally acknowledged that lexicon and grammar are inseparably linked, constituting “a continuum of symbolic structures“ (Langacker 1990:2). Yet, a comprehensive integration of the two realms of knowledge appears to be a difficult task. The present article offers a unified psycholinguistic perspective, which is centred on the mental lexicon, considering grammatical knowledge as part of the information structure of lexical items. It aims to model the complexity of lexical knowledge such that its perceived psychological reality, including various levels of linguistic description, becomes discernible. 1. Lexical Information Structure In the light of recent research undertaken in different linguistics fields (cf., e.g., Bybee 1988, Ellis 1997, Langacker 1990, Singleton 1999), the mental lexicon can be described as that domain of language where the various dimensions of linguistic information meet. A comprehensive description of lexical knowledge must therefore take account not only of formal and semantic but also of grammatical knowledge. It follows that the elements of the lexicon need to be modelled as highly complex entities, including information on representational substance (conceptual, perceptual, and articulatory patterns) and combinatorial potential. Combinatorial knowledge relates to an item’s collocation and colligation, i.e., its valency structure (cf., e.g., Langacker 1987, Lutjeharms 1994, Singleton 1999). It has various facets and is relevant for phrasal construction. Combinatorial knowledge is associated with specific types of semantic and formal relations, which reflect the distributional properties of lexical elements (cf., e.g., Bybee 1988, Ellis 1997). The different knowledge components are mutually dependent and interact in our use of language. I will aim to integrate representational substance and combinatorial potential of lexical items in an all-embracing psycholinguistic component structure model, which coordinates the different levels of description. The model provides a framework for discussing grammatical processing with reference to lexical knowledge. It also draws a unified picture of lexical items, which provides the grounds for illustrating the perceived psychological reality of lexical networks. 1 For a more differentiated discussion of lexical information structure and applications of the proposed model cf. Herwig 1994.
{"title":"Lexicon and Grammar","authors":"Anna Herwig","doi":"10.21427/D7NM9Q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21427/D7NM9Q","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades it has become generally acknowledged that lexicon and grammar are inseparably linked, constituting “a continuum of symbolic structures“ (Langacker 1990:2). Yet, a comprehensive integration of the two realms of knowledge appears to be a difficult task. The present article offers a unified psycholinguistic perspective, which is centred on the mental lexicon, considering grammatical knowledge as part of the information structure of lexical items. It aims to model the complexity of lexical knowledge such that its perceived psychological reality, including various levels of linguistic description, becomes discernible. 1. Lexical Information Structure In the light of recent research undertaken in different linguistics fields (cf., e.g., Bybee 1988, Ellis 1997, Langacker 1990, Singleton 1999), the mental lexicon can be described as that domain of language where the various dimensions of linguistic information meet. A comprehensive description of lexical knowledge must therefore take account not only of formal and semantic but also of grammatical knowledge. It follows that the elements of the lexicon need to be modelled as highly complex entities, including information on representational substance (conceptual, perceptual, and articulatory patterns) and combinatorial potential. Combinatorial knowledge relates to an item’s collocation and colligation, i.e., its valency structure (cf., e.g., Langacker 1987, Lutjeharms 1994, Singleton 1999). It has various facets and is relevant for phrasal construction. Combinatorial knowledge is associated with specific types of semantic and formal relations, which reflect the distributional properties of lexical elements (cf., e.g., Bybee 1988, Ellis 1997). The different knowledge components are mutually dependent and interact in our use of language. I will aim to integrate representational substance and combinatorial potential of lexical items in an all-embracing psycholinguistic component structure model, which coordinates the different levels of description. The model provides a framework for discussing grammatical processing with reference to lexical knowledge. It also draws a unified picture of lexical items, which provides the grounds for illustrating the perceived psychological reality of lexical networks. 1 For a more differentiated discussion of lexical information structure and applications of the proposed model cf. Herwig 1994.","PeriodicalId":344899,"journal":{"name":"The ITB Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115596924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：