Purpose – logistics creates a strategic effect by playing a facilitating role in international trade, which has a significant impact on the economic performance of countries. Logistics performance and corruption play an influential role in determining the trade efficiency levels of developing countries. There are two purposes in this research. First purpose is to determine the international trade efficiency level of developing countries based on logistics performance. The second purpose is to determine the efficiency level of trade based on both logistics performance and corruption levels. Research methodology – output-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been applied in the research. The research covers the years 2012–2020. The sample area is developing countries. Findings – countries with full efficiency levels in 2012–2020 have been determined according to both logistics performance and corruption scores. Research limitations – the research covers the years 2012–2020. The sample area is developing countries. Practical implications – the reduction of corruption levels in some developing countries is an important factor in increasing the level of international trade efficiency. Originality/Value – this research highlights the role of corruption in the relationship between trade and logistics performance.
{"title":"IDENTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF CORRUPTION PERCEPTION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES","authors":"A. Acar, Karahan Kara","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2023.18676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2023.18676","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – logistics creates a strategic effect by playing a facilitating role in international trade, which has a significant impact on the economic performance of countries. Logistics performance and corruption play an influential role in determining the trade efficiency levels of developing countries. There are two purposes in this research. First purpose is to determine the international trade efficiency level of developing countries based on logistics performance. The second purpose is to determine the efficiency level of trade based on both logistics performance and corruption levels.\u0000Research methodology – output-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been applied in the research. The research covers the years 2012–2020. The sample area is developing countries.\u0000Findings – countries with full efficiency levels in 2012–2020 have been determined according to both logistics performance and corruption scores.\u0000Research limitations – the research covers the years 2012–2020. The sample area is developing countries.\u0000Practical implications – the reduction of corruption levels in some developing countries is an important factor in increasing the level of international trade efficiency.\u0000Originality/Value – this research highlights the role of corruption in the relationship between trade and logistics performance.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88719156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – The following article focuses on assessment of the evolution of digital transformation in SMEs in the manufacturing industry since the beginning of the pandemic. The digital transformation is assessed in the different blocks of the BM Canvas. The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the development of digital transformation, and to assess whether it is still influencing it now, or vice versa, or no longer has such an impact. Research methodology – The digital transformation is examined in each block of the Business Model Canvas (BM Canvas) from the beginning of the pandemic to the current state. The individual data is obtained from a survey conducted among 18 SMEs. Small and medium-sized enterprises in the manufacturing industry are examined. The survey is based on semi-structured interviews with SME´s management representatives. The collected data is then processed by examining the average rate of digital transformation in each block, the modus, and the median. The focus was again on developments and changes in the digital transformation of enterprises. The data was collected for three periods – before the pandemic (2019), during the pandemic (2021) and now (July 2022). Findings – The paper shows the evolution of digital transformation in the different building blocks of the BM Canvas for SMEs in the manufacturing industry since the beginning of the pandemic. The evolution of digital transformation varies across the BM Canvas blocks. For the Channels block, as of July 2022, there has been a decrease in the average digital transformation rate. The other blocks have seen an increase and continue to develop. However, the increases are no longer as high as in 2021. Whether digital transformation will continue to develop for individual blocks in future periods is a suitable research question for further research. The findings show that the changes and developments vary from building block to building block. It was found that the importance of each building block changed during the pandemic for each firm representative. The results provide the basis for the analysis of the development and change of BM Canvas for individual companies. Research limitations – At the moment, the current situation in Ukraine, in addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, is playing a major role in SMEs activities as it affects companies. This conflict was not considered in the research, and the development since the beginning of the pandemic was followed. Practical implications – This research highlights how the digital transformation of individual SMEs in the manufacturing industry is evolving. It highlights the impact of the pandemic, which has undoubtedly increased the growth of digital transformation rates. For future research, these results can be very useful, as other influences on the rates of digital transformation can be investigated. Originality/Value – The research was carried out on the basis of primary data collected by th
{"title":"THE EVOLUTION OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN SMES IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN THE DIFFERENT BLOCKS OF THE BM CANVAS SINCE THE BEGINNING OF THE PANDEMIC","authors":"Markéta Bednářová, Mariana Tesařová, Iveta Šimberová","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2023.17607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2023.17607","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The following article focuses on assessment of the evolution of digital transformation in SMEs in the manufacturing industry since the beginning of the pandemic. The digital transformation is assessed in the different blocks of the BM Canvas. The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the development of digital transformation, and to assess whether it is still influencing it now, or vice versa, or no longer has such an impact.\u0000Research methodology – The digital transformation is examined in each block of the Business Model Canvas (BM Canvas) from the beginning of the pandemic to the current state. The individual data is obtained from a survey conducted among 18 SMEs. Small and medium-sized enterprises in the manufacturing industry are examined. The survey is based on semi-structured interviews with SME´s management representatives. The collected data is then processed by examining the average rate of digital transformation in each block, the modus, and the median. The focus was again on developments and changes in the digital transformation of enterprises. The data was collected for three periods – before the pandemic (2019), during the pandemic (2021) and now (July 2022).\u0000Findings – The paper shows the evolution of digital transformation in the different building blocks of the BM Canvas for SMEs in the manufacturing industry since the beginning of the pandemic. The evolution of digital transformation varies across the BM Canvas blocks. For the Channels block, as of July 2022, there has been a decrease in the average digital transformation rate. The other blocks have seen an increase and continue to develop. However, the increases are no longer as high as in 2021. Whether digital transformation will continue to develop for individual blocks in future periods is a suitable research question for further research. The findings show that the changes and developments vary from building block to building block. It was found that the importance of each building block changed during the pandemic for each firm representative. The results provide the basis for the analysis of the development and change of BM Canvas for individual companies.\u0000Research limitations – At the moment, the current situation in Ukraine, in addition to the COVID-19 pandemic, is playing a major role in SMEs activities as it affects companies. This conflict was not considered in the research, and the development since the beginning of the pandemic was followed.\u0000Practical implications – This research highlights how the digital transformation of individual SMEs in the manufacturing industry is evolving. It highlights the impact of the pandemic, which has undoubtedly increased the growth of digital transformation rates. For future research, these results can be very useful, as other influences on the rates of digital transformation can be investigated.\u0000Originality/Value – The research was carried out on the basis of primary data collected by th","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77335305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – This research examines and investigates the importance of sustainable business profit through customers and its impacts on three key business domains: technology-innovation-service (TIS). The main goal was to see what were the interrelationships of business-consumers and consumers-business analysis to have a sustainable profit based on the models: Innovation and Growth Teams (IGT), Innovative Customer Relationship Management (ICRM), Business-to-Consumer (B2C), Customer Service and Support (CSS), Customer Service Technology (CST), and Multidimensional Scaling model (MDS) or the factors (F1–F14). Were these factors important to businesses and which variables had the greatest impact on sustainable profit through consumer evaluation during purchase? Research methodology – This research was carried out on manufacturing, service, and distribution businesses (consumer-business analysis) and consumers (business-consumer analysis) in 200 businesses and consumers, through the completion of the online questionnaire and the meeting with the business managers, considering the same variables during the period (2019–2022). The data processing was done through (SPSS Statistics 23) using tests and econometric analysis (descriptive, factorial, reliability, multiple regression, and multidimensional scaling analysis) the model shows that all factors have great effects on sustainable business profit through consumers. Findings – However, it is suggested that of great importance for a sustainable business profit through customers are: the behavior of workers and staff, handling requests faster, business support before and after purchase, providing information applications (discount, usage, term of the expiration date, product content, payment methods as well as the provision of transport by the business for consumers. Research limitations – The limitations of this research are only a certain number of variables, years, and the number of businesses, but for other analyses and research, researchers can take a larger number of variables, businesses, and/or countries using the same models. Practical implications – Based on the above questions, it was confirmed that a (TIS) through models will make the profit even more stable by strengthening the position of businesses in the market against their competitors. So, in this case there are still practical implications in three key business domains (TIS) technology, innovation, and services. Therefore, businesses should pay attention to these findings to have a sustainable business profit. Originality/Value – Research related to sustainable profit through consumers considering three key business domains technology, innovations, and services (TIS) has not been analyzed earlier in terms of consumers as buyers and businesses as providers of products and services.
{"title":"A SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PROFIT THROUGH CUSTOMERS AND ITS IMPACTS ON THREE KEY BUSINESS DOMAINS: TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION, AND SERVICE (TIS)","authors":"Enkeleda Lulaj","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2023.18618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2023.18618","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This research examines and investigates the importance of sustainable business profit through customers and its impacts on three key business domains: technology-innovation-service (TIS). The main goal was to see what were the interrelationships of business-consumers and consumers-business analysis to have a sustainable profit based on the models: Innovation and Growth Teams (IGT), Innovative Customer Relationship Management (ICRM), Business-to-Consumer (B2C), Customer Service and Support (CSS), Customer Service Technology (CST), and Multidimensional Scaling model (MDS) or the factors (F1–F14). Were these factors important to businesses and which variables had the greatest impact on sustainable profit through consumer evaluation during purchase?\u0000Research methodology – This research was carried out on manufacturing, service, and distribution businesses (consumer-business analysis) and consumers (business-consumer analysis) in 200 businesses and consumers, through the completion of the online questionnaire and the meeting with the business managers, considering the same variables during the period (2019–2022). The data processing was done through (SPSS Statistics 23) using tests and econometric analysis (descriptive, factorial, reliability, multiple regression, and multidimensional scaling analysis) the model shows that all factors have great effects on sustainable business profit through consumers.\u0000Findings – However, it is suggested that of great importance for a sustainable business profit through customers are: the behavior of workers and staff, handling requests faster, business support before and after purchase, providing information applications (discount, usage, term of the expiration date, product content, payment methods as well as the provision of transport by the business for consumers.\u0000Research limitations – The limitations of this research are only a certain number of variables, years, and the number of businesses, but for other analyses and research, researchers can take a larger number of variables, businesses, and/or countries using the same models.\u0000Practical implications – Based on the above questions, it was confirmed that a (TIS) through models will make the profit even more stable by strengthening the position of businesses in the market against their competitors. So, in this case there are still practical implications in three key business domains (TIS) technology, innovation, and services. Therefore, businesses should pay attention to these findings to have a sustainable business profit.\u0000Originality/Value – Research related to sustainable profit through consumers considering three key business domains technology, innovations, and services (TIS) has not been analyzed earlier in terms of consumers as buyers and businesses as providers of products and services.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74247501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. E. Arsawan, Viktoria Koval, D. Suhartanto, L. Babachenko, L. Kapranova, Ni Putu Santi Suryantini
Purpose – This research aimed to evaluate information sharing as a moderating component and examine supply chain performance, including collaboration, capabilities, and innovation. Particularly in the SME sector, since the significance of collaboration and opportunity in supply chains as an SCM trigger is still underdeveloped. Research methodology – To test the hypotheses, data were collected from 179 SMEs in Indonesia, involving 537 managers and assistant managers, and analyzed using partial least square modeling. Findings – The result of cooperation with supply chain partners has led to the gradual improvement of capabilities and innovations, such as improved processes, more efficient operations, better quality, and lower costs. It has also resulted in radical innovation, including introducing new technologies and a change in strategy; thus, it could develop and improve the ability to innovate. Finally, the results helped managers with strategic planning and prioritizing supply chain collaboration to improve capabilities, innovation, and performance. Research limitations – generalizability is limited because of sampling constraints. Practical implications – the results helped managers design strategic planning and prioritize supply chain collaboration to improve capabilities, innovation, and performance. Originality/Value – to the extent of our knowledge, this study is the pioneer investigation into the supply chain in SMEs value-chains in an emerging country from a holistic perspective.
{"title":"INVIGORATING SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: EXPLORING KNOWLEDGE SHARING AS MODERATOR","authors":"W. E. Arsawan, Viktoria Koval, D. Suhartanto, L. Babachenko, L. Kapranova, Ni Putu Santi Suryantini","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2023.17740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2023.17740","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This research aimed to evaluate information sharing as a moderating component and examine supply chain performance, including collaboration, capabilities, and innovation. Particularly in the SME sector, since the significance of collaboration and opportunity in supply chains as an SCM trigger is still underdeveloped.\u0000Research methodology – To test the hypotheses, data were collected from 179 SMEs in Indonesia, involving 537 managers and assistant managers, and analyzed using partial least square modeling.\u0000Findings – The result of cooperation with supply chain partners has led to the gradual improvement of capabilities and innovations, such as improved processes, more efficient operations, better quality, and lower costs. It has also resulted in radical innovation, including introducing new technologies and a change in strategy; thus, it could develop and improve the ability to innovate. Finally, the results helped managers with strategic planning and prioritizing supply chain collaboration to improve capabilities, innovation, and performance.\u0000Research limitations – generalizability is limited because of sampling constraints.\u0000Practical implications – the results helped managers design strategic planning and prioritize supply chain collaboration to improve capabilities, innovation, and performance.\u0000Originality/Value – to the extent of our knowledge, this study is the pioneer investigation into the supply chain in SMEs value-chains in an emerging country from a holistic perspective.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81141568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TOWARD VALUE CREATION IN LOCAL AUTHORITIES: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"Nouha Amrani, M. Sadik, Youssra Chnigri, Mohamed Hemmi, Hamid Slimani, Ilona Skačkauskienė","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2022.17526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.17526","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75315687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larysa Ivanchenkova, A. Maslov, O. Pikhotska, H. Partyn, Kateryna Blishchuk, Mariia Pikhotska
Purpose – the aim of the study was to assess the impact of digital technologies on the organization of control over tax liability settlements of state-financed institutions in the general fiscal discipline system. Research methodology – specific methods of accounting and control of tax liabilities were used: Pareto analysis; cluster analysis of EU countries by fiscal discipline level. Findings – the study proved a direct relationship between the extent at which digital technologies are applied in the control of tax liabilities and the level of fiscal discipline in the country. The clustering of the EU-27 countries confirmed the cophenetic correlation between the fiscal discipline violation rate and the total averaged amount of taxes. Research limitations – caused by a large number of budgetary institutions and the difference in the territorial structure of the EU-27 countries, due to which federal Germany and unitary Bulgaria have different levels of subordination of budgetary institutions. Practical implications – the study is analytical and managerial in nature; its results assess the contribution of the digital component in the overall decision-making system. Originality/Value – the study is particularly useful for analysing the achievements, challenges and opportunities for digital transformation of the tax control system of the EU-27 in the field of control over public finance management.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF CONTROL OVER TAX LIABILITY SETTLEMENTS OF BUDGETARY INSTITUTIONS","authors":"Larysa Ivanchenkova, A. Maslov, O. Pikhotska, H. Partyn, Kateryna Blishchuk, Mariia Pikhotska","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2022.17419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.17419","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – the aim of the study was to assess the impact of digital technologies on the organization of control over tax liability settlements of state-financed institutions in the general fiscal discipline system.\u0000Research methodology – specific methods of accounting and control of tax liabilities were used: Pareto analysis; cluster analysis of EU countries by fiscal discipline level.\u0000Findings – the study proved a direct relationship between the extent at which digital technologies are applied in the control of tax liabilities and the level of fiscal discipline in the country. The clustering of the EU-27 countries confirmed the cophenetic correlation between the fiscal discipline violation rate and the total averaged amount of taxes.\u0000Research limitations – caused by a large number of budgetary institutions and the difference in the territorial structure of the EU-27 countries, due to which federal Germany and unitary Bulgaria have different levels of subordination of budgetary institutions.\u0000Practical implications – the study is analytical and managerial in nature; its results assess the contribution of the digital component in the overall decision-making system.\u0000Originality/Value – the study is particularly useful for analysing the achievements, challenges and opportunities for digital transformation of the tax control system of the EU-27 in the field of control over public finance management.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86745230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – The world is facing unprecedented opportunities to improve welfare and reduce poverty, so every day more and more public spending is becoming important in every country. The purpose of the research was prompted by the questions of whether there were development reforms and what is the complexity that has evolved in each variable (WS, GS, EU, ST, CE, and TE) for the time interval 2007–2020. How and are governing bodies able to continuously drive growth for decades by being more efficient users of government spending planning in complex financial and economic systems? Therefore, this paper aims to understand and advance by bringing a new approach to unstoppable and navigating reforms to government spending in complex financial and economic systems. Research methodology – The research was conducted through secondary data from annual financial reports and statements for both central and local levels. The time interval for 14 years was analyzed through two analyses and one matrix such as descriptive analysis (9 tests), correlation analysis (3 tests), and Proximity Matrix (Euclidean Distance between years and variables, Z stress test) as in the Tables (1–12), in the Figures (1–11) using SPSS version 23.0 for Windows. Findings – The findings showed that: a) the data had a normal distribution, b) there was an increase in expenditures for each year, especially in times of pandemic COVID-19, c) the data were obtained from financial reports and statements as well as different institutions over different years, d) there is a strong and positive relationship between the variables for government spending in complex systems, e) Public expenses have increased due to COVID-19 and the damage caused is continuing, affecting the decline in the well-being of the residents. Research limitations – The limitations of this paper are that only a considerable number of variables are studied and only in the state of Kosovo for 14 years (2007–2020). In this case, for other analyses by other researchers’ other variables can be analyzed, more extended periods or comparability with other states. Practical implications – based on the above questions, it was confirmed that there were reforms in the complex financial and economic systems for government expenditures each year. Originality/Value – Such research has not been analyzed before and the findings of this research can help budget experts to accurately plan expenses based on the three periods studied (past, present or the period of the Covid-19 pandemic and the future or the post-COVID-19 pandemic period). It is strongly recommended that governing bodies develop and improve the category of public investment expenditures.
目的-世界正面临着改善福利和减少贫困的前所未有的机会，因此每天越来越多的公共支出在每个国家都变得重要。在2007-2020年期间，是否存在发展改革以及每个变量(WS、GS、EU、ST、CE和TE)演变的复杂性是什么，这些问题促使了研究的目的。在复杂的金融和经济体系中，管理机构如何以及是否能够通过更有效地使用政府支出计划来持续推动经济增长?因此，本文旨在通过引入一种新的方法来理解和推进复杂金融和经济体系中政府支出的不可阻挡和导航改革。研究方法-研究是通过中央和地方各级年度财务报告和报表中的二手数据进行的。14年的时间间隔通过两个分析和一个矩阵进行分析，如表(1-12)、图(1-11)中的描述性分析(9次测试)、相关性分析(3次测试)和邻近矩阵(年份与变量之间的欧几里得距离、Z压力测试)，使用SPSS 23.0 for Windows。调查结果-调查结果显示:a)数据呈正态分布，b)支出每年都在增加，特别是在COVID-19大流行期间，c)数据来自财务报告和报表以及不同年份的不同机构，d)复杂系统中政府支出变量之间存在强烈的正相关关系，e)公共支出因COVID-19而增加，造成的损害仍在继续。影响着居民幸福感的下降。研究局限性-本文的局限性在于，仅研究了相当数量的变量，并且仅在科索沃国家进行了14年(2007-2020)的研究。在这种情况下，其他研究人员的其他变量可以分析其他分析，更长的时期或与其他状态的可比性。实际影响- -根据上述问题，每年政府开支的复杂财政和经济制度都在进行改革。独创性/价值——这类研究以前没有被分析过，这项研究的结果可以帮助预算专家根据所研究的三个时期(过去、现在或疫情期间以及未来或疫情后时期)准确规划费用。强烈建议理事机构发展和改进公共投资支出的类别。
{"title":"AN UNSTOPPABLE AND NAVIGATING JOURNEY TOWARDS DEVELOPMENT REFORM IN COMPLEX FINANCIAL-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: AN INTERVAL ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT EXPENSES (PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE)","authors":"Enkeleda Lulaj","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2022.17389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.17389","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The world is facing unprecedented opportunities to improve welfare and reduce poverty, so every day more and more public spending is becoming important in every country. The purpose of the research was prompted by the questions of whether there were development reforms and what is the complexity that has evolved in each variable (WS, GS, EU, ST, CE, and TE) for the time interval 2007–2020. How and are governing bodies able to continuously drive growth for decades by being more efficient users of government spending planning in complex financial and economic systems? Therefore, this paper aims to understand and advance by bringing a new approach to unstoppable and navigating reforms to government spending in complex financial and economic systems.\u0000Research methodology – The research was conducted through secondary data from annual financial reports and statements for both central and local levels. The time interval for 14 years was analyzed through two analyses and one matrix such as descriptive analysis (9 tests), correlation analysis (3 tests), and Proximity Matrix (Euclidean Distance between years and variables, Z stress test) as in the Tables (1–12), in the Figures (1–11) using SPSS version 23.0 for Windows.\u0000Findings – The findings showed that: a) the data had a normal distribution, b) there was an increase in expenditures for each year, especially in times of pandemic COVID-19, c) the data were obtained from financial reports and statements as well as different institutions over different years, d) there is a strong and positive relationship between the variables for government spending in complex systems, e) Public expenses have increased due to COVID-19 and the damage caused is continuing, affecting the decline in the well-being of the residents.\u0000Research limitations – The limitations of this paper are that only a considerable number of variables are studied and only in the state of Kosovo for 14 years (2007–2020). In this case, for other analyses by other researchers’ other variables can be analyzed, more extended periods or comparability with other states.\u0000Practical implications – based on the above questions, it was confirmed that there were reforms in the complex financial and economic systems for government expenditures each year.\u0000Originality/Value – Such research has not been analyzed before and the findings of this research can help budget experts to accurately plan expenses based on the three periods studied (past, present or the period of the Covid-19 pandemic and the future or the post-COVID-19 pandemic period). It is strongly recommended that governing bodies develop and improve the category of public investment expenditures.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89341474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – the aim of this study is to specify the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans in deposit banks operating in Turkey. Besides the internal factors specific to banks, the effect of macroeconomic factors is also investigated. Research methodology – monthly data of deposit banks operating in Turkey and data on macroeconomic indicators for the period 2005:1–2021:12 is used is the study. With these data, ARDL bound testing approach is applied. If there is cointegration relation between variables, the long and short run coefficients are estimated. Findings – with the two different models created in the study, it has been specified that macroeconomic variables and internal variables have a cointegration relationship with non-performing loans. The rise in loan interest rates and unemployment rate increase the rate of non-performing consumer loans. Conversely, the increase in deposit interest rates and the dollar exchange rate decreases the rate of non-performing consumer loans. For internal factors, it is determined that the increase in the capital adequacy standard ratio and the return on assets decreases the ratio of non-performing consumer loans. Research limitations – the major limitation of this study is to research only the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans ratio for Turkey. Practical implications – the results obtained in the study are valuable for bank managers and investors. Administrative decisions and investment decisions by considering the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans ratio will increase the performance of both groups. Originality/Value – studies in the literature generally consider non-performing loans for banks as a whole. However, determining the factors affecting the non-performing loans ratio on the basis of loan types will make a significant contribution to the literature. For this reason, the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans for the Turkish market is investigated, thus contributing to the literature.
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF NON-PERFORMING CONSUMER LOANS FOR TURKEY: ARDL BOUNDS TESTING APPROACH","authors":"Şeyma Yilmaz Küçük","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2022.16936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.16936","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – the aim of this study is to specify the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans in deposit banks operating in Turkey. Besides the internal factors specific to banks, the effect of macroeconomic factors is also investigated.\u0000Research methodology – monthly data of deposit banks operating in Turkey and data on macroeconomic indicators for the period 2005:1–2021:12 is used is the study. With these data, ARDL bound testing approach is applied. If there is cointegration relation between variables, the long and short run coefficients are estimated.\u0000Findings – with the two different models created in the study, it has been specified that macroeconomic variables and internal variables have a cointegration relationship with non-performing loans. The rise in loan interest rates and unemployment rate increase the rate of non-performing consumer loans. Conversely, the increase in deposit interest rates and the dollar exchange rate decreases the rate of non-performing consumer loans. For internal factors, it is determined that the increase in the capital adequacy standard ratio and the return on assets decreases the ratio of non-performing consumer loans.\u0000Research limitations – the major limitation of this study is to research only the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans ratio for Turkey.\u0000Practical implications – the results obtained in the study are valuable for bank managers and investors. Administrative decisions and investment decisions by considering the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans ratio will increase the performance of both groups.\u0000Originality/Value – studies in the literature generally consider non-performing loans for banks as a whole. However, determining the factors affecting the non-performing loans ratio on the basis of loan types will make a significant contribution to the literature. For this reason, the factors affecting the non-performing consumer loans for the Turkish market is investigated, thus contributing to the literature.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74884012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – Due to country-wise lockdown and state-wise curfews in COVID-19, people were not able to make offline payments (i.e. cash payments) during purchases in India. So, people are switching their payment behavior from offline to online mode. But, as per the central bank report, the rate of adoption through mobile payments is still slow. The paper focuses on identifying critical barriers to mobile payment systems (MPSs) adoption in India. Innovation resistance theory (IRT) has been used as a base model for barriers, despite the wide range of choices of barriers available in the MPSs context. Additionally, three external variables which are out of the wider coverage of IRT constructs were incorporated in this paper. The study, on the other hand, adds to innovation resistance theory in the frame of reference of MPSs from a theoretical perspective. Interpretive structural modeling (ISM), together with MICMAC analysis is brought into play to analyse the direct and indirect relationship amongst the barriers. Research methodology – ISM approach has been used to establish the relationship among the eight (08) identified barriers, through literature and expert opinions. The key barriers to high driving power are then identified with the help of MICMAC analysis. Findings – The results reveal that value barrier (b2), image barrier (b5) and visibility barrier (b7) are the most significant variables. Interestingly, IRTs’ risk barrier (b3) and privacy barrier (b6) from the literature fall in the lowest level of the ISM model. The majority of the barriers fall under quadrant III of MICMAC analysis, indicating the high driving and dependence power. Research limitations – The developed ISM model is based on the sentiments of five (05) experts, which could be biased and influence the structural model’s final output. Due to COVID-19, data has been collected through online video conferencing mode, this may vary if data will be collected through an offline or face-to-face interview. The proposed model’s key findings aim to assist in explaining the barriers that exist during MPS adoption. Originality/Value – This study is the first attempt to use the ISM approach in conjunction with IRT to detect barriers within MPSs. The result of this paper will guide and motivate the researcher to analyse more critical barriers with IRT to contribute to the theoretical development.
{"title":"IDENTIFYING CONSUMER RESISTANCE OF MOBILE PAYMENT DURING COVID-19: AN INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING (ISM) APPROACH","authors":"N. Singh, Pragati Singh","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2022.16905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.16905","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Due to country-wise lockdown and state-wise curfews in COVID-19, people were not able to make offline payments (i.e. cash payments) during purchases in India. So, people are switching their payment behavior from offline to online mode. But, as per the central bank report, the rate of adoption through mobile payments is still slow. The paper focuses on identifying critical barriers to mobile payment systems (MPSs) adoption in India. Innovation resistance theory (IRT) has been used as a base model for barriers, despite the wide range of choices of barriers available in the MPSs context. Additionally, three external variables which are out of the wider coverage of IRT constructs were incorporated in this paper. The study, on the other hand, adds to innovation resistance theory in the frame of reference of MPSs from a theoretical perspective. Interpretive structural modeling (ISM), together with MICMAC analysis is brought into play to analyse the direct and indirect relationship amongst the barriers.\u0000Research methodology – ISM approach has been used to establish the relationship among the eight (08) identified barriers, through literature and expert opinions. The key barriers to high driving power are then identified with the help of MICMAC analysis.\u0000Findings – The results reveal that value barrier (b2), image barrier (b5) and visibility barrier (b7) are the most significant variables. Interestingly, IRTs’ risk barrier (b3) and privacy barrier (b6) from the literature fall in the lowest level of the ISM model. The majority of the barriers fall under quadrant III of MICMAC analysis, indicating the high driving and dependence power.\u0000Research limitations – The developed ISM model is based on the sentiments of five (05) experts, which could be biased and influence the structural model’s final output. Due to COVID-19, data has been collected through online video conferencing mode, this may vary if data will be collected through an offline or face-to-face interview. The proposed model’s key findings aim to assist in explaining the barriers that exist during MPS adoption.\u0000Originality/Value – This study is the first attempt to use the ISM approach in conjunction with IRT to detect barriers within MPSs. The result of this paper will guide and motivate the researcher to analyse more critical barriers with IRT to contribute to the theoretical development.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76506704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – Purpose of the study is to build an integrated model of tourist destination advocacy explaining how tourists’ revisit intention is affected by its direct and mediating effects, integrated with destination experience, tourist satisfaction, and destination image. Design/methodology/approach – Data is collected online using a self-administered structured questionnaire tool, and the survey is hosted in a Google Doc. SPSS and SEM-Amos are used to analyze the data (443 samples) after successful data cleaning and outlier elimination. Findings – All of the hypotheses were shown to be true in this investigation, with the exception of two. The findings confirmed that tourists’ destination experiences improve tourists’ satisfaction, destination advocacy and destination image but not destination revisit intention. The likelihood of revisit intention is significantly influenced by destination satisfaction and image. Furthermore, destination satisfaction, destination advocacy and destination image significantly mediate the link between destination experience and revisit intention. Originality/value – This study contributes to the existing literature on consumer behavior in tourist destinations, and would guide practitioners towards effective destination management. Research limitations – Due to the lack of control factors on the relationship between all predecessors, destination revisit intentions, and all of the data gathered from domestic visitors, the current study may have limited the applicability of its findings. Therefore, additional research is necessary to validate these results across a variety of samples in order to draw generalizations.
{"title":"AN INTEGRATED MODEL OF DESTINATION ADVOCACY AND ITS DIRECT AND MEDIATING EFFECTS ON DESTINATION REVISIT INTENTION","authors":"Md. Shamim Hossain, A. Kalam, Md. Shakhawat Hossain, Mst Nilima Sarmin, Md. Nuruzzaman","doi":"10.3846/bmee.2022.16754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.16754","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Purpose of the study is to build an integrated model of tourist destination advocacy explaining how tourists’ revisit intention is affected by its direct and mediating effects, integrated with destination experience, tourist satisfaction, and destination image.\u0000Design/methodology/approach – Data is collected online using a self-administered structured questionnaire tool, and the survey is hosted in a Google Doc. SPSS and SEM-Amos are used to analyze the data (443 samples) after successful data cleaning and outlier elimination.\u0000Findings – All of the hypotheses were shown to be true in this investigation, with the exception of two. The findings confirmed that tourists’ destination experiences improve tourists’ satisfaction, destination advocacy and destination image but not destination revisit intention. The likelihood of revisit intention is significantly influenced by destination satisfaction and image. Furthermore, destination satisfaction, destination advocacy and destination image significantly mediate the link between destination experience and revisit intention.\u0000Originality/value – This study contributes to the existing literature on consumer behavior in tourist destinations, and would guide practitioners towards effective destination management.\u0000Research limitations – Due to the lack of control factors on the relationship between all predecessors, destination revisit intentions, and all of the data gathered from domestic visitors, the current study may have limited the applicability of its findings. Therefore, additional research is necessary to validate these results across a variety of samples in order to draw generalizations.","PeriodicalId":34504,"journal":{"name":"Business Management and Economics Engineering","volume":"266 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73845307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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