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2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications最新文献

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A Fully Dynamic Distributed Algorithm for a B-Coloring of Graphs 图b染色的全动态分布算法
Shuang Liu, Brice Effantin, H. Kheddouci
A b-coloring of a graph G is a proper coloring of the nodes of G such that each color class contains a node that has a neighbor in all other color classes. A fully dynamic algorithm is an algorithm used to support modifications (insertion or deletion) of nodes and edges in a network. Thus, in this paper we propose a fully dynamic distributed algorithm to maintain a b-coloring of a graph when its topology evolves. This method determines a b-coloring in time O(¿2) and needs O(n¿) changes of colors to maintain a b-coloring of a graph, where n is the number of nodes and ¿ is the maximum degree in the graph.
图G的b-着色是G的节点的适当着色,使得每个颜色类都包含一个在所有其他颜色类中有邻居的节点。全动态算法是一种支持网络中节点和边的修改(插入或删除)的算法。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一种完全动态的分布式算法来保持图的b-着色。该方法在O(¿2)时间内确定了一次b-着色,需要O(n¿)次变色来维持图的b-着色,其中n为节点数,¿为图的最大度。
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引用次数: 3
Adaptive Neighbor Caching for Fast BSS Transition Using IEEE 802.11k Neighbor Report 基于IEEE 802.11k邻居报告的自适应邻居缓存快速BSS转换
Ching-Hwa Yu, Michael Pan, Sheng-de Wang
Handoff latency is a severe bottleneck impacting the service continuity for voice and multimedia applications in WLAN. IEEE 802.11k neighbor report defines the neighbor APs which are potential transition candidates for the roaming target. But the selection method for the roaming target AP is left undefined. Several schemes have been proposed for fast handoff with neighbor APpsilas information. However, these schemes result in huge redundant transition messages overheads in the WLAN and require high computing power for the AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Access control) server. In this paper, we propose an adaptive neighbor caching (ANC) method to achieve higher handoff prediction accuracy for selecting proper candidate APs in the Neighbor Report. An adaptive predictability index is introduced for selecting those potential roaming APs, which can mitigate the scanning latency and the pre-authentication key distribution message overhead in the WLAN as well as computing loading for the AAA server. Simulation results present up to 83.5% of transition messages are reduced in comparison to the Proactive Neighbor Caching (PNC), 56.4% of candidate AP selection accuracy is improved and 37.5% of transition messages are reduced in comparison to the Selective Neighbor Caching (SNC).
切换延迟是影响无线局域网语音和多媒体业务连续性的严重瓶颈。IEEE 802.11k邻居报告定义了漫游目标的潜在过渡候选邻居ap。但是漫游目标AP的选择方法没有定义。提出了几种与邻居APpsilas信息快速切换的方案。然而,这些方案会导致WLAN中的大量冗余转换消息开销,并且需要AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Access control)服务器的高计算能力。为了在邻居报告中选择合适的候选ap,我们提出了一种自适应邻居缓存(ANC)方法来实现更高的切换预测精度。引入自适应的可预测性指标来选择这些潜在的漫游ap,可以减少扫描延迟和WLAN中预认证密钥分发消息开销以及AAA服务器的计算负载。仿真结果表明,与主动邻居缓存(PNC)相比,转换消息减少了83.5%,候选AP选择精度提高了56.4%,与选择性邻居缓存(SNC)相比,转换消息减少了37.5%。
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引用次数: 7
A Task Parallel Algorithm for Computing the Costs of All-Pairs Shortest Paths on the CUDA-Compatible GPU 在cuda兼容GPU上计算全对最短路径代价的任务并行算法
T. Okuyama, Fumihiko Ino, K. Hagihara
This paper proposes a fast method for computing the costs of all-pairs shortest paths (APSPs) on the graphics processing unit (GPU). The proposed method is implemented using compute unified device architecture (CUDA), which offers us a development environment for performing general-purpose computation on the GPU. Our method is based on Harish's iterative algorithm that computes the cost of the single-source shortest path (SSSP) for every source vertex. We present that exploiting task parallelism in the APSP problem allows us to efficiently use on-chip memory in the GPU, reducing the amount of data being transferred from relatively slower off-chip memory. Furthermore, our task parallel scheme is useful to exploit a higher parallelism, increasing the efficiency with highly threaded code. As a result, our method is 3.4--15 times faster than the prior method. Using on-chip memory, our method eliminates approximately 20% of data loads from off-chip memory.
提出了一种在图形处理单元(GPU)上快速计算全对最短路径(apsp)代价的方法。该方法采用计算统一设备架构(CUDA)实现,为在GPU上执行通用计算提供了一个开发环境。我们的方法基于Harish的迭代算法,该算法计算每个源顶点的单源最短路径(SSSP)的代价。我们提出在APSP问题中利用任务并行性使我们能够有效地使用GPU中的片上内存,减少从相对较慢的片外内存传输的数据量。此外,我们的任务并行方案有助于利用更高的并行性,提高高线程代码的效率。因此,我们的方法比之前的方法快3.4- 15倍。使用片上内存,我们的方法消除了来自片外内存的大约20%的数据负载。
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引用次数: 24
Analyzing QoS Approach for Parallel Soft Real-Time 并行软实时的QoS方法分析
P. Furtado
Parallel transactional systems are systems that execute transaction tasks in multiple servers, with load-balancing. We consider time constraints on those tasks and the fact that the tasks run in milliseconds means that fast admission control should be used. We propose such an admission control approach. Although there are scheduler designs building and maintaining complete deadline feasible schedules for jobs, with typical costs of O(n2) on the number of jobs, we are looking for simple and fast admission test add-on solutions to LWR that can be used with tasks running in milliseconds (e.g. transactions) as well as with lengthier jobs. We give the strictest possible bounds that guarantee deadlines, the deadline-feasibility algorithm with complexity O(n/number of servers), a system model and the approach itself. We show, by means of simulation comparison to typical alternatives, that the proposed approach is a good solution.
并行事务系统是在多个服务器上执行事务任务的系统,具有负载平衡。我们考虑了这些任务的时间限制,并且任务以毫秒为单位运行的事实意味着应该使用快速准入控制。我们提出这样一种准入控制方法。虽然有一些调度器设计为作业构建和维护完整的截止日期可行的调度计划,其典型成本为作业数量的O(n2),但我们正在寻找简单快速的LWR准入测试附加解决方案,可以用于以毫秒为单位运行的任务(例如事务)以及较长的作业。我们给出了保证最后期限的最严格的可能边界、复杂度为0 (n/服务器数量)的最后期限可行性算法、系统模型和方法本身。通过与典型替代方案的仿真比较,我们证明了所提出的方法是一种很好的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
A Formal Specification Model of Survivability for Pervasive Systems 普适系统生存能力的形式化规范模型
A. Ayara, F. Najjar
The emergence of pervasive computing in our everyday life supposes that the data necessary to the operation of the majority of our essential services in various fields of life will be managed by these systems. Thus, their dependability became a major concern. But, dependability issues have not been well explored so far in pervasive computing research. Pervasive environments are highly complex, heterogeneous and geographically dispersed. As a result, current means and facets of dependability do not address the needs of these systems. A solution to achieve this goal should be to adopt a dependability approach based on survivability in pervasive environments. But, the survivability suffers from a remarkable lack of suitable and mature methods for using it in practice. In this paper, we focus on achieving survivability in pervasive environments. First, we introduce a formal survivability model based on a rigorous definition of the concept of acceptable service and a method for calculating the degree of survivability of the system. Then, we present the basis for a new approach to adapt the system in adverse operation environment to comply with its survivability specification. To fix ideas, a case study in pervasive healthcare is presented.
普适计算在我们日常生活中的出现,意味着我们生活中各个领域的大多数基本服务运行所必需的数据将由这些系统管理。因此,它们的可靠性成为一个主要问题。但是,到目前为止,在普适计算研究中,可靠性问题还没有得到很好的探讨。普适环境是高度复杂、异构和地理分散的。因此,目前的手段和可靠性方面不能满足这些系统的需要。实现这一目标的解决方案应该是在普遍环境中采用基于生存能力的可靠性方法。但是,在实际应用中缺乏合适的、成熟的方法。在本文中,我们的重点是在普遍环境中实现生存能力。首先,我们基于可接受服务概念的严格定义和计算系统生存度的方法,引入了形式化的生存能力模型。在此基础上,提出了一种新的方法来适应系统在不利的作战环境,使其符合其生存能力规范。为了修正这些想法,本文提出了一个普及医疗保健的案例研究。
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引用次数: 11
Experiments in Adaptive Power Control for Truly Wearable Biomedical Sensor Devices 真正可穿戴生物医学传感器设备的自适应功率控制实验
Ashay Dhamdhere, V. Sivaraman, A. Burdett
Emerging body-wearable devices for continuous health monitoring are severely energy constrained and yet required to offer high communication reliability under fluctuating channel conditions. Such devices require very careful management of their energy resources in order to prolong their lifetime. In our earlier work we had proposed dynamic power control as a means of saving precious energy in off the-shelf sensor devices. In this work we experiment with a real body-wearable device to assess the power savings possible in a realistic setting. We quantify the power consumption against the packet loss and establish the feasibility of dynamic power control for saving energy in a truly-body-wearable setting.
用于持续健康监测的新兴身体可穿戴设备受到严重的能量限制,但需要在波动信道条件下提供高通信可靠性。这类设备需要非常谨慎地管理其能源资源,以延长其使用寿命。在我们早期的工作中,我们提出了动态功率控制作为一种节省现成传感器设备宝贵能源的手段。在这项工作中,我们用一个真实的身体可穿戴设备进行实验,以评估在现实环境中可能的节能效果。我们量化了功耗和丢包,并建立了动态功率控制的可行性,以在真正的身体可穿戴环境中节省能源。
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引用次数: 8
Evaluating Interpolation-Based Power Management 评估基于插值的电源管理
R. Tynan, G. O’hare
Power management for WSNs can take many forms, from adaptively tuning the power consumption of some of the components of a node to hibernating it completely. In the later case, the competence of the WSN must not be compromised. In general, the competence of a WSN is its ability to perform its function in an accurate and timely fashion. These two, related, Quality of Service (QoS) metrics are primarily affected by the density and latency of data from the environment, respectively. Without adequate density, interesting events may not be adequately observed or missed completely by the application, while stale data could result in event detection occurring too late. In opposition to this is the fact that the energy consumed by the network is related to the number of active nodes in the deployment. Therefore, given that the nodes have finite power resources, a trade-off exists between the longevity and QoS provided by the network and it is crucial that both aspects are considered when evaluating a power management protocol. In this paper, we present an evaluation of a novel node hibernation technique based on interpolated sensor readings according to these four metrics: energy consumption, density, message latency and the accuracy of an application utilising the data from the WSN. A comparison with a standard WSN that does not engage in power management is also presented, in order to show the overhead in the protocols operation.
wsn的电源管理可以采取多种形式,从自适应地调整节点某些组件的功耗到使其完全休眠。在后一种情况下,绝不能损害WSN的能力。一般来说,无线传感器网络的能力是其准确和及时地执行其功能的能力。这两个相关的服务质量(QoS)指标主要分别受到来自环境的数据密度和延迟的影响。如果没有足够的密度,应用程序可能无法充分观察或完全错过感兴趣的事件,而过时的数据可能导致事件检测发生得太晚。与此相反的是,网络消耗的能量与部署中活动节点的数量有关。因此,鉴于节点具有有限的电源资源,在网络提供的寿命和QoS之间存在权衡,在评估电源管理协议时考虑这两个方面是至关重要的。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于内插传感器读数的新型节点休眠技术的评估,该技术根据以下四个指标:能耗、密度、消息延迟和利用WSN数据的应用程序的准确性。为了说明该协议在运行过程中的开销,还与不进行电源管理的标准WSN进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
GRPLib: A Web Service Based Framework Supporting Sustainable Execution of Large-Scale and Long-Time Grid Applications GRPLib:一个基于Web服务的框架,支持大规模和长时间网格应用程序的可持续执行
Yingwen Song, H. Takemiya, Yoshio Tanaka, H. Nakada, S. Sekiguchi
To ensure large-scale and long-time (LSLT) applications to run smoothly in a dynamic and heterogeneous grid environment, we have designed and implemented a WSRF-based framework with which users can reserve resources and request on-demand computing resources. The framework can be architecturely divided into three tiers: the tier providing client-side reservation and allocation APIs, the tier for reservation brokerage and resource allocation, and the tier for backend services. The reservation API is implemented for making and releasing a reservation, as well as for showing available reservations. The allocation API is implemented to request, to check, and to release a resource in a convenient way. The middle tier is designed to hide the complexity of the underlying grid infrastructure, and implemented to provide several allocation algorithms. One of the main backend services is Maui-based reservation service at present. A portal to facilitate the resource management is also available. In this paper, we present the API specification, the architecture, and the implementation of this framework. We also show a detailed experimental example.
为了确保大规模和长时间(LSLT)应用程序在动态和异构网格环境中顺利运行,我们设计并实现了一个基于wsrf的框架,用户可以使用该框架保留资源和请求按需计算资源。该框架可以在体系结构上分为三个层:提供客户端预订和分配api的层,提供预订代理和资源分配的层,以及提供后端服务的层。实现预订API是为了制作和发布预订,以及显示可用的预订。分配API的实现是为了以方便的方式请求、检查和释放资源。中间层的设计是为了隐藏底层网格基础设施的复杂性,并提供多种分配算法。目前主要的后端服务之一是基于毛伊岛的预订服务。还提供了一个门户,可以方便地进行资源管理。在本文中,我们介绍了API规范、体系结构和该框架的实现。并给出了详细的实验实例。
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引用次数: 0
Feature Calibration in Sensor Networks 传感器网络中的特征校准
H. Cao, A. Arora, Emre Ertin, Kenneth W. Parker
Despite recent theory development, methods of calibration that accurately recover signals from biased sensor readings remain limited in their applicability. Acoustic sensors, for instance, which have been popular in low power wireless sensor networks, are difficult to calibrate in this manner, given their significant hardware variability, large dynamic range, sensitivity to battery power level, and complex spatial/temporal environmental variations. In this paper, we submit that the applicability of calibration is broadened by lifting the calibration problem from the level of sensors to that of sensing applications. We show feasibility of adaptive, easy, and accurate calibration at the level of application-specific features, via an example of recovering the feature of acoustic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that is useful in event-detection applications. By easy, we mean there is an efficient, purely local, and stimulus-free procedure for recovering SNR (that compares measured variances for multiple randomly chosen sensitivities, effected via acoustic sensor hardware support); unlike extant calibration methods, the procedure does not need to rely on any synchronization among nodes, long-term correlation between their respective environments, or assumptions about training events. And by accurate, we mean the procedure yields low error in SNR estimation. We provide experimental validation of the difficulty of directly calibrating acoustic signals and the accuracy of our SNR calibration procedure.
尽管最近的理论发展,校准方法,准确地恢复信号从偏传感器读数在其适用性仍然有限。例如,在低功耗无线传感器网络中很流行的声学传感器,由于其显著的硬件可变性、大动态范围、对电池电量水平的敏感性以及复杂的时空环境变化,很难以这种方式进行校准。在本文中,我们提出通过将校准问题从传感器层面提升到传感应用层面,扩大了校准的适用性。我们通过恢复事件检测应用中有用的声学信噪比(SNR)特征的示例,展示了在特定应用特征级别进行自适应、简单和准确校准的可行性。通过简单,我们的意思是有一个有效的,纯粹局部的,无刺激的程序来恢复信噪比(通过声学传感器硬件支持来比较多个随机选择的灵敏度的测量方差);与现有的校准方法不同,该过程不需要依赖于节点之间的任何同步、它们各自环境之间的长期相关性或对训练事件的假设。通过准确,我们的意思是该过程在信噪比估计中产生低误差。我们提供了直接校准声信号的难度和我们的信噪比校准程序的准确性的实验验证。
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引用次数: 0
Link Lifetime-Based Segment-by-Segment Routing Protocol in MANETs manet中基于链路生存期的分段路由协议
Yujie Chen, Guojun Wang, Sancheng Peng
Node mobility is one of the most important factors that may degrade network performance and restrict network scalability in mobile ad hoc networks. An effective way to reduce the impact of node mobility is to select long lifetime routing paths in the network. We propose a link lifetime-based segment-by-segment routing protocol (LL-SSR) in mobile ad hoc networks, where each node maintains a routing table for its k-hop region. Simulation studies show that LL-SSR has better scalability and higher packet delivery ratio when compared with GPSR.
在移动自组织网络中,节点移动性是影响网络性能和限制网络可扩展性的重要因素之一。减少节点迁移影响的有效方法是在网络中选择长生命周期的路由路径。我们在移动自组织网络中提出了一种基于链路生存期的分段路由协议(LL-SSR),其中每个节点维护其k-hop区域的路由表。仿真研究表明,与GPSR相比,LL-SSR具有更好的可扩展性和更高的分组传输率。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications
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