Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750410
Z. Szadkowski, H. Gemmeke, A. Haungs, K. Kampert, C. Ruhle, A. Schmidt
For the observation of UHECRs by the detection of their coherent radio emission an FPGA based trigger and RFI filter was developed. Using radio detection, the electromagnetic part of an air shower in the atmosphere may be studied in detail, thus providing information complementary to that obtained by water Cherenkov detectors which are predominantly sensitive to the muonic content of an air shower at ground. For an extensive radio detector array, due to the limited communication data rate, a sophisticated self trigger is necessary. However, radio signals in the frequency range of 30–80MHz are significantly contaminated by radio frequency interferences (RFI) and human made distortions. The digitized signals are converted from the time to frequency domain by a FFT procedure, then deconvolution and RFI-filters are applied to correct the frequency response and to suppress the RFI. Finally the filtered data is transformed back into the time domain by an iFFT, also generating an envelope as a base for the final self-trigger. To avoid leakage effects and to create an overlap of successive data blocks, trapezoidal windowing is applied with internal overclocking. The algorithms for two polarization channels have been successfully implemented in a single Altera® Cyclone III FPGA chip EP3C80F780C6 and tested in a prototype board with an 180 MHz sampling rate, 16 bit dynamic range, and 12-bit resolution.
为了通过探测uhecr的相干无线电发射来观测uhecr，开发了基于FPGA的触发器和RFI滤波器。利用无线电探测，可以详细地研究大气中气淋的电磁部分，从而提供与水切伦科夫探测器所获得的信息相补充的信息，水切伦科夫探测器主要对地面气淋的介子含量敏感。对于一个广泛的无线电探测器阵列，由于有限的通信数据速率，一个复杂的自触发是必要的。然而，30-80MHz频率范围内的无线电信号受到射频干扰(RFI)和人为失真的严重污染。数字化信号通过FFT程序从时域转换到频域，然后应用反褶积和射频信号滤波器来校正频率响应并抑制射频信号。最后，过滤后的数据通过iFFT转换回时域，也生成包络作为最终自触发的基础。为了避免泄漏效应并产生连续数据块的重叠，梯形窗应用于内部超频。两个极化通道的算法已在Altera®Cyclone III FPGA芯片EP3C80F780C6上成功实现，并在180 MHz采样率、16位动态范围和12位分辨率的原型板上进行了测试。
{"title":"An FPGA based trigger and RFI filter for radio detection of cosmic rays","authors":"Z. Szadkowski, H. Gemmeke, A. Haungs, K. Kampert, C. Ruhle, A. Schmidt","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750410","url":null,"abstract":"For the observation of UHECRs by the detection of their coherent radio emission an FPGA based trigger and RFI filter was developed. Using radio detection, the electromagnetic part of an air shower in the atmosphere may be studied in detail, thus providing information complementary to that obtained by water Cherenkov detectors which are predominantly sensitive to the muonic content of an air shower at ground. For an extensive radio detector array, due to the limited communication data rate, a sophisticated self trigger is necessary. However, radio signals in the frequency range of 30–80MHz are significantly contaminated by radio frequency interferences (RFI) and human made distortions. The digitized signals are converted from the time to frequency domain by a FFT procedure, then deconvolution and RFI-filters are applied to correct the frequency response and to suppress the RFI. Finally the filtered data is transformed back into the time domain by an iFFT, also generating an envelope as a base for the final self-trigger. To avoid leakage effects and to create an overlap of successive data blocks, trapezoidal windowing is applied with internal overclocking. The algorithms for two polarization channels have been successfully implemented in a single Altera® Cyclone III FPGA chip EP3C80F780C6 and tested in a prototype board with an 180 MHz sampling rate, 16 bit dynamic range, and 12-bit resolution.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"1044 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116465552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750329
J. Sousa, A. Fernandes, A. Batista, M. Correia, H. Fernandes, B. Carvalho, B. Gonçalves, C. Varandas
Instruments for Control and Data Acquisition (CDAQ) require a pervasive embedded network able to provide accurate timing and synchronization signals to all digitalization/reconstruction devices and control processes of a CDAQ system.
{"title":"An overview of the ATCA® timing and synchronization resources for Control and Data Acquisition","authors":"J. Sousa, A. Fernandes, A. Batista, M. Correia, H. Fernandes, B. Carvalho, B. Gonçalves, C. Varandas","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750329","url":null,"abstract":"Instruments for Control and Data Acquisition (CDAQ) require a pervasive embedded network able to provide accurate timing and synchronization signals to all digitalization/reconstruction devices and control processes of a CDAQ system.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126785228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750362
G. Bauer, B. Beccati, U. Behrens, K. Biery, J. Branson, S. Bukowiec, E. Cano, H. Cheung, M. Ciganek, S. Cittolin, J. A. Coarasa Perez, C. Deldicque, S. Erhan, D. Gigi, F. Glege, R. Gomez-Reino, M. Gulmini, D. Hatton, Y. Hwong, C. Loizides, F. Ma, L. Masetti, F. Meijers, E. Meschi, A. Meyer, R. Mommsen, R. Moser, V. O’dell, A. Oh, L. Orsini, C. Paus, A. Petrucci, M. Pieri, A. Rácz, O. Raginel, H. Sakulin, M. Sani, P. Schieferdecker, C. Schwick, D. Shpakov, M. Simon, K. Sumorok, A. Yoon
The Run Control System of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN's new Large Hadron Collider (LHC) controls the sub-detector and central data acquisition systems and the high-level trigger farm of the experiment. It manages around 10,000 applications that control custom hardware or handle the event building and the high-level trigger processing. The CMS Run Control System is a distributed Java system running on a set of Apache Tomcat servlet containers. Users interact with the system through a web browser. The paper presents the architecture of the CMS Run Control System and deals with operational aspects during the first phase of operation with colliding beams. In particular it focuses on performance, stability, integration with the CMS Detector Control System, integration with LHC status information and tools to guide the shifter.
{"title":"First operational experience with the CMS run control system","authors":"G. Bauer, B. Beccati, U. Behrens, K. Biery, J. Branson, S. Bukowiec, E. Cano, H. Cheung, M. Ciganek, S. Cittolin, J. A. Coarasa Perez, C. Deldicque, S. Erhan, D. Gigi, F. Glege, R. Gomez-Reino, M. Gulmini, D. Hatton, Y. Hwong, C. Loizides, F. Ma, L. Masetti, F. Meijers, E. Meschi, A. Meyer, R. Mommsen, R. Moser, V. O’dell, A. Oh, L. Orsini, C. Paus, A. Petrucci, M. Pieri, A. Rácz, O. Raginel, H. Sakulin, M. Sani, P. Schieferdecker, C. Schwick, D. Shpakov, M. Simon, K. Sumorok, A. Yoon","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750362","url":null,"abstract":"The Run Control System of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN's new Large Hadron Collider (LHC) controls the sub-detector and central data acquisition systems and the high-level trigger farm of the experiment. It manages around 10,000 applications that control custom hardware or handle the event building and the high-level trigger processing. The CMS Run Control System is a distributed Java system running on a set of Apache Tomcat servlet containers. Users interact with the system through a web browser. The paper presents the architecture of the CMS Run Control System and deals with operational aspects during the first phase of operation with colliding beams. In particular it focuses on performance, stability, integration with the CMS Detector Control System, integration with LHC status information and tools to guide the shifter.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126809700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750395
M. Drochner, P. Kammerling, H. Kleines, P. Wustner
For data acquisition frontend developments as ADCs, TDCs and custom logics, we are moving to MicroTCA based systems.
对于数据采集前端开发，如adc, tdc和自定义逻辑，我们正在转向基于MicroTCA的系统。
{"title":"MicroTCA developments for PANDA data acquisition","authors":"M. Drochner, P. Kammerling, H. Kleines, P. Wustner","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750395","url":null,"abstract":"For data acquisition frontend developments as ADCs, TDCs and custom logics, we are moving to MicroTCA based systems.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126592510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2011.2143428
J. Santos, M. Zilker, W. Treutterer, C. Amador, L. Guimarais, M. Manso
Achieving higher levels of plasma performance control in present fusion experiments requires that diagnostics be upgraded to deliver processed physical parameters in real-time (RT). A key element in a diagnostic RT upgrade is the data acquisition system (DAS), that should be capable of delivering the acquired data to the data processing resources with very low latencies and in the shortest possible time. Adequate standard commercial solutions with these characteristics are not easily found in the market, what leads most of the times to the development of complex custom high-performance designs from ground-up. A mixed solution, partially based on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, is under development to upgrade the existing ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) broadband reflectometry diagnostic so that a full demonstration of plasma position control using RT reflectometry density profile measurements can be performed. The 8-channel (12-bit/100 MSPS) DAS being designed features a PCI Express (PCIe) x8 interface to enable direct memory access (DMA) data transfers with throughputs in excess of 1 GB/s. The use of COTS components resulted in a faster hardware design cycle without compromising system performance and flexibility. The architecture of the system and its main design constraints as well as the system integration in the AUG RT diagnostic network are herein discussed. Preliminary benchmark results for data throughput and overall measurement latency are also presented.
{"title":"COTS based high data throughput acquisition system for a real-time reflectometry diagnostic","authors":"J. Santos, M. Zilker, W. Treutterer, C. Amador, L. Guimarais, M. Manso","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2011.2143428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2011.2143428","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving higher levels of plasma performance control in present fusion experiments requires that diagnostics be upgraded to deliver processed physical parameters in real-time (RT). A key element in a diagnostic RT upgrade is the data acquisition system (DAS), that should be capable of delivering the acquired data to the data processing resources with very low latencies and in the shortest possible time. Adequate standard commercial solutions with these characteristics are not easily found in the market, what leads most of the times to the development of complex custom high-performance designs from ground-up. A mixed solution, partially based on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, is under development to upgrade the existing ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) broadband reflectometry diagnostic so that a full demonstration of plasma position control using RT reflectometry density profile measurements can be performed. The 8-channel (12-bit/100 MSPS) DAS being designed features a PCI Express (PCIe) x8 interface to enable direct memory access (DMA) data transfers with throughputs in excess of 1 GB/s. The use of COTS components resulted in a faster hardware design cycle without compromising system performance and flexibility. The architecture of the system and its main design constraints as well as the system integration in the AUG RT diagnostic network are herein discussed. Preliminary benchmark results for data throughput and overall measurement latency are also presented.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127973303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750376
A. Barbalace, G. Manduchi, A. Neto, G. De Tommasi, F. Sartori, D. Valcárcel
EPICS is used worldwide mostly for controlling accelerators and large experimental physics facilities. Although EPICS is well fit for the design and development of automation systems, which are typically VME or PLC-based systems, and for soft real-time systems, it may present several drawbacks when used to develop Hard Real-Time systems/applications especially when General Purpose Operating Systems as plain Linux are chosen. This in particular true in fusion research devices typically employing several Hard Real-Time systems, such as the magnetic control systems, that may requires strict determinism, and high performance in terms of jitter and latency, otherwise serious deterioration of important plasma parameters can happen, possibly leading to an abrupt termination of the plasma discharge.
{"title":"Performance comparison of EPICS IOC and MARTe in a Hard Real-Time control application","authors":"A. Barbalace, G. Manduchi, A. Neto, G. De Tommasi, F. Sartori, D. Valcárcel","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750376","url":null,"abstract":"EPICS is used worldwide mostly for controlling accelerators and large experimental physics facilities. Although EPICS is well fit for the design and development of automation systems, which are typically VME or PLC-based systems, and for soft real-time systems, it may present several drawbacks when used to develop Hard Real-Time systems/applications especially when General Purpose Operating Systems as plain Linux are chosen. This in particular true in fusion research devices typically employing several Hard Real-Time systems, such as the magnetic control systems, that may requires strict determinism, and high performance in terms of jitter and latency, otherwise serious deterioration of important plasma parameters can happen, possibly leading to an abrupt termination of the plasma discharge.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133348536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750483
Y. Tsyganov, A. Polyakov, A. Sukhov
PC-based one-crate monitoring and control system of the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS) is considered. It is developed for the long-term experiments at the U400 FLNR cyclotron and is aimed at the synthesis of super heavy nuclei in heavy ion induced complete fusion reactions. Parameters related to: a) beam and cyclotron; b) separator by itself, c) detection system, d) target and entrance window are measured and stored in the protocol file of the experiment. Special attention is paid to generating the “alarm” signals and implementing further the appropriate procedures.
{"title":"Parameter monitoring system of the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator","authors":"Y. Tsyganov, A. Polyakov, A. Sukhov","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750483","url":null,"abstract":"PC-based one-crate monitoring and control system of the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS) is considered. It is developed for the long-term experiments at the U400 FLNR cyclotron and is aimed at the synthesis of super heavy nuclei in heavy ion induced complete fusion reactions. Parameters related to: a) beam and cyclotron; b) separator by itself, c) detection system, d) target and entrance window are measured and stored in the protocol file of the experiment. Special attention is paid to generating the “alarm” signals and implementing further the appropriate procedures.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132831257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750452
M. Bogdan, J. Genat, Y. Wah
The paper presents a custom 4-Channel, 12-Bit, 500 MHz ADC/Data Processing Module, designed for the Step1 of the KOTO Experiment at J-Parc, Japan. This 6U VME Board will receive signals from the Beam Hole Photon Veto Detector, and will be one of the several different ADC Modules in the Experiment's Data Acquisition System (DAQ). In KOTO, the main ADC/DAQ system runs at a 125 MHz simultaneous sampling rate, provided by one low jitter 125 MHz system clock. The 500 MHz ADC Module receives this system clock and multiplies its frequency by four with a local Zero Delay Clock Generator. The four analog input pulses are amplified and passed to the 12-Bit, 500MHz monolithic pipeline ADC chips. After sampling, data are processed locally with a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The module is provided with a pipeline, up to 40us (20,480 samples) long, which stores the acquisitions, awaiting the system Level 1 trigger pulse. After a trigger, data are packed and buffered for readout. The readout can be performed via the VME32/64 backplane, or via the two front panel optical links. Designed specifically for the KOTO Experiment, this module can also be used in many other Physics applications. The board can receive the analog input signals in both single ended or differential modes and it can run with a local oscillator or with input clocks in the range of 32.5MHz to 550MHz. The design and preliminary test results will be described.
{"title":"Custom 12-Bit, 500MHZ ADC/Data Processing Module for the KOTO Experiment at J-Parc","authors":"M. Bogdan, J. Genat, Y. Wah","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750452","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a custom 4-Channel, 12-Bit, 500 MHz ADC/Data Processing Module, designed for the Step1 of the KOTO Experiment at J-Parc, Japan. This 6U VME Board will receive signals from the Beam Hole Photon Veto Detector, and will be one of the several different ADC Modules in the Experiment's Data Acquisition System (DAQ). In KOTO, the main ADC/DAQ system runs at a 125 MHz simultaneous sampling rate, provided by one low jitter 125 MHz system clock. The 500 MHz ADC Module receives this system clock and multiplies its frequency by four with a local Zero Delay Clock Generator. The four analog input pulses are amplified and passed to the 12-Bit, 500MHz monolithic pipeline ADC chips. After sampling, data are processed locally with a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The module is provided with a pipeline, up to 40us (20,480 samples) long, which stores the acquisitions, awaiting the system Level 1 trigger pulse. After a trigger, data are packed and buffered for readout. The readout can be performed via the VME32/64 backplane, or via the two front panel optical links. Designed specifically for the KOTO Experiment, this module can also be used in many other Physics applications. The board can receive the analog input signals in both single ended or differential modes and it can run with a local oscillator or with input clocks in the range of 32.5MHz to 550MHz. The design and preliminary test results will be described.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116484282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750460
F. Cavallari, M. de Gruttola, S. Di Guida, G. Govi, V. Innocente, Gediminas Mazrimas, P. Paolucci, A. Pierro
In real time systems, such as CMS Online Condition Database, monitoring and fast detecting errors is a very challenging task. To recover the system and to put it in a safe state requires spotting a faulty situation with strict timing constraints and a fast reaction.
{"title":"Real time monitoring system for applications performing the population of condition databases for CMS non-event data","authors":"F. Cavallari, M. de Gruttola, S. Di Guida, G. Govi, V. Innocente, Gediminas Mazrimas, P. Paolucci, A. Pierro","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750460","url":null,"abstract":"In real time systems, such as CMS Online Condition Database, monitoring and fast detecting errors is a very challenging task. To recover the system and to put it in a safe state requires spotting a faulty situation with strict timing constraints and a fast reaction.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116426494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-24DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2010.5750377
A. Dawiec, B. Dinkespiler, P. Breugnon, K. Arnaud, P. Duval, S. Godiot, S. Hustache, K. Medjoubi, J. Bérar, Nathalie Boudet, Christian Morel, F. Bompard
XPAD3 is a large surface X-ray photon counting imager with high count rates, large counter dynamics and very fast data readout. Data are readout in parallel by a PCI Express interface using DMA transfer. The readout frame rate of the complete detector comprising 0.5 MPixels amounts to 500 images per second without dead-time.
{"title":"Development of a PCI express based readout electronics for the XPAD3 X-ray photon counting imager","authors":"A. Dawiec, B. Dinkespiler, P. Breugnon, K. Arnaud, P. Duval, S. Godiot, S. Hustache, K. Medjoubi, J. Bérar, Nathalie Boudet, Christian Morel, F. Bompard","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2010.5750377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2010.5750377","url":null,"abstract":"XPAD3 is a large surface X-ray photon counting imager with high count rates, large counter dynamics and very fast data readout. Data are readout in parallel by a PCI Express interface using DMA transfer. The readout frame rate of the complete detector comprising 0.5 MPixels amounts to 500 images per second without dead-time.","PeriodicalId":345878,"journal":{"name":"2010 17th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123495931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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