Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis最新文献_第5页

Pyrolysis treatment of waste tires and resource utilization of products: A review 废轮胎热解处理及产品资源化利用综述

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107605

Zhaohui Du, Pei Li, Liujing Yang, Zhiliang Xue, Yonggang Zhou, Tong Chen

With the continued expansion of the global automobile industry, waste tire generation has risen steadily, leading to serious environmental pressures and substantial loss of recoverable resources. Consequently, the environmentally friendly treatment and resource utilization of waste tires have become urgent global issues. Pyrolysis is considered one of the most promising and environmentally benign approaches, as it can convert waste tires into gaseous, liquid, and solid, while simultaneously achieving waste reduction, hazard mitigation, and resource recovery. This review systematically summarizes the influence of key operational parameters including pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, feedstock tire and particle size, catalysts, and reactor type on the composition and distribution of pyrolysis products. The generation characteristics and transformation mechanisms of gaseous, liquid, and solid phases under different operating conditions are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the potential applications of pyrolysis-derived products in energy recovery, chemical feedstocks, and functional material development are analyzed. An integrated system combining pretreatment, pyrolysis, oil refining, gas recycling, and recovered carbon black modification is expected to be a future direction for optimizing waste tire pyrolysis. This review aims to integrate available research findings, provide a scientific support for process optimization and high value utilization of products, and reveal potential opportunities for the future development.

随着全球汽车工业的不断扩大，废旧轮胎的产生量稳步上升，造成了严重的环境压力和可回收资源的大量损失。因此，废旧轮胎的环境友好处理和资源化利用已成为迫切需要解决的全球性问题。热解被认为是最有前途和最环保的方法之一，因为它可以将废轮胎转化为气体、液体和固体，同时实现减少废物、减轻危害和资源回收。本文系统总结了热解温度、升温速率、原料粒度、催化剂、反应器类型等关键操作参数对热解产物组成和分布的影响。详细讨论了不同操作条件下气、液、固相的生成特点和转变机理。展望了热解产物在能源回收、化工原料和功能材料开发等方面的应用前景。一个集预处理、热解、炼油、气循环、回收炭黑改性为一体的综合系统有望成为未来废轮胎热解优化的发展方向。本综述旨在整合现有研究成果，为工艺优化和产品高价值利用提供科学支持，揭示未来发展的潜在机遇。

{"title":"Pyrolysis treatment of waste tires and resource utilization of products: A review","authors":"Zhaohui Du, Pei Li, Liujing Yang, Zhiliang Xue, Yonggang Zhou, Tong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continued expansion of the global automobile industry, waste tire generation has risen steadily, leading to serious environmental pressures and substantial loss of recoverable resources. Consequently, the environmentally friendly treatment and resource utilization of waste tires have become urgent global issues. Pyrolysis is considered one of the most promising and environmentally benign approaches, as it can convert waste tires into gaseous, liquid, and solid, while simultaneously achieving waste reduction, hazard mitigation, and resource recovery. This review systematically summarizes the influence of key operational parameters including pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, feedstock tire and particle size, catalysts, and reactor type on the composition and distribution of pyrolysis products. The generation characteristics and transformation mechanisms of gaseous, liquid, and solid phases under different operating conditions are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the potential applications of pyrolysis-derived products in energy recovery, chemical feedstocks, and functional material development are analyzed. An integrated system combining pretreatment, pyrolysis, oil refining, gas recycling, and recovered carbon black modification is expected to be a future direction for optimizing waste tire pyrolysis. This review aims to integrate available research findings, provide a scientific support for process optimization and high value utilization of products, and reveal potential opportunities for the future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 107605"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-pyrolysis mechanism of low-rank coal and waste tire revealed via in-situ pyrolysis double ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 原位热解双电离飞行时间质谱分析低阶煤与废轮胎共热解机理

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107608

Wenqing Lv, Xinyi Gong, He Yang, Yuxin Wen, Xingxing Xiao, Zhiheng Wang, Haoquan Hu, Lijun Jin

Co-pyrolysis of waste tire and low-rank coal provides an environmentally friendly and efficient solution to recycle the solid waste and obtain high value-added products. Herein, the co-pyrolysis mechanism of Naomaohu coal (NMH) and waste truck tire (WT) was explored through in-situ pyrolysis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (in-situ Py-TOF-MS). Results demonstrate that the release of NMH volatiles occurs at a higher temperature range (270 – 600 °C) than that of WT (150 – 550 °C), the key distinction lies in the sorts of their primary volatiles. NMH coal mainly produces alkenes, benzenes, phenols, and naphthalenes, with benzenes exhibiting the highest relative content (7.65 %). In contrast, WT primarily releases the alkenes, benzenes, and cycloolefins, and cycloolefins show the highest relative content (4.35 %). Moreover, WT pyrolysis generates abundant H-rich free radicals at low temperature, which can effectively suppress condensation reactions during co-pyrolysis, contributing to the generation of more high value-added compounds. During co-pyrolysis, the total phenols content declined to 3.11 %, especially for the diphenols. Nevertheless, the experimentally relative content of phenol (1.30 %) exceeded the theoretically calculated value (0.53 %), indicating that hydrogen free radicals facilitate the conversion of diphenols to phenol. Moreover, hydrogen radicals also inhibit the generation of char, resulting in a lower total radicals concentration in the co-pyrolysis char (5.17 ×10¹⁸ spins/g) than its theoretical value (7.86 ×10¹⁸ spins/g). The study explores the relationship between primary volatiles evolution behaviors and the radicals reactions during co-pyrolysis, which will provide a guidance to the regulation of co-pyrolysis products.

废轮胎与低阶煤共热解为固体废物的循环利用和获得高附加值产品提供了一种环保高效的解决方案。本文采用原位热解飞行时间质谱法（原位Py-TOF-MS）对直毛湖煤（NMH）与废卡车轮胎（WT）共热解机理进行了探讨。结果表明，NMH挥发物的释放温度范围（270 ~ 600℃）高于WT（150 ~ 550℃），主要区别在于其主要挥发物的种类。NMH煤主要产生烯烃、苯、酚和萘，其中苯的相对含量最高（7.65%）。WT主要释放烯烃、苯和环烯烃，其中环烯烃的相对含量最高（4.35%）。WT热解在低温下产生丰富的富h自由基，能有效抑制共热解过程中的缩合反应，生成更多高附加值化合物。共热解过程中，总酚含量下降至3.11%，其中二酚含量下降幅度最大。然而，苯酚的实验相对含量（1.30%）超过了理论计算值（0.53%），说明氢自由基促进了二酚向苯酚的转化。此外，氢自由基也抑制了炭的生成，导致共热解炭中总自由基浓度（5.17 ×1018自旋/g）低于理论值（7.86 ×1018自旋/g）。研究探讨了共热解过程中初级挥发物演化行为与自由基反应的关系，为共热解产物的调控提供指导。

{"title":"Co-pyrolysis mechanism of low-rank coal and waste tire revealed via in-situ pyrolysis double ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry","authors":"Wenqing Lv, Xinyi Gong, He Yang, Yuxin Wen, Xingxing Xiao, Zhiheng Wang, Haoquan Hu, Lijun Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-pyrolysis of waste tire and low-rank coal provides an environmentally friendly and efficient solution to recycle the solid waste and obtain high value-added products. Herein, the co-pyrolysis mechanism of Naomaohu coal (NMH) and waste truck tire (WT) was explored through in-situ pyrolysis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (in-situ Py-TOF-MS). Results demonstrate that the release of NMH volatiles occurs at a higher temperature range (270 – 600 °C) than that of WT (150 – 550 °C), the key distinction lies in the sorts of their primary volatiles. NMH coal mainly produces alkenes, benzenes, phenols, and naphthalenes, with benzenes exhibiting the highest relative content (7.65 %). In contrast, WT primarily releases the alkenes, benzenes, and cycloolefins, and cycloolefins show the highest relative content (4.35 %). Moreover, WT pyrolysis generates abundant H-rich free radicals at low temperature, which can effectively suppress condensation reactions during co-pyrolysis, contributing to the generation of more high value-added compounds. During co-pyrolysis, the total phenols content declined to 3.11 %, especially for the diphenols. Nevertheless, the experimentally relative content of phenol (1.30 %) exceeded the theoretically calculated value (0.53 %), indicating that hydrogen free radicals facilitate the conversion of diphenols to phenol. Moreover, hydrogen radicals also inhibit the generation of char, resulting in a lower total radicals concentration in the co-pyrolysis char (5.17 ×10<sup>18</sup> spins/g) than its theoretical value (7.86 ×10<sup>18</sup> spins/g). The study explores the relationship between primary volatiles evolution behaviors and the radicals reactions during co-pyrolysis, which will provide a guidance to the regulation of co-pyrolysis products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107608"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-situ mechanistic elucidation of 1-hexadecene pyrolysis as a polyethylene model compound 1-十六烯作为聚乙烯模型化合物热解的原位机理分析

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107606

Yinzhi Wang , Yunqing Zhou , Zhenzhen Wu , Hualiang Li , Chuanqi Shi , Siyi Bao , Jianhua Yan , Hao Zhang

The pyrolysis mechanism of polyethylene (PE) remains elusive owing to its inherent complexity and the difficulty in identifying reactive intermediates. In this work, 1-hexadecene was employed as a model compound and pyrolyzed in a custom low-pressure flow tube reactor. The pyrolysis intermediates and products were detected via in-situ electron ionization molecular beam mass spectrometry (EI-MBMS) across 300–980 °C. A total of up to 59 species were identified, including primary pyrolysis intermediates (PPIs), primary pyrolysis products (PPPs), secondary reaction intermediates (SRIs), and secondary reaction products (SRPs), with 16 key species quantified. Three distinct pyrolysis stages were revealed: at the initial stage (320–680°C), 1-hexadecene underwent limited decomposition, dominated by β-scission near the double bond, producing mainly unsaturated hydrocarbons, while hydrogen transfer reactions exhibited pronounced olefin selectivity. At the stage with increasing temperature (680–880°C), the radical concentration increased sharply, promoting extensive β-scission and the onset of secondary reactions. Aromatic precursors such as cyclopentadiene emerged, accompanied by intensified dehydrogenation. At the final stage (880–980°C), the reactant was nearly depleted, and olefins underwent deep cracking. Both Diels–Alder reactions and the chain reaction hydrocarbon aggregation (CHRCR) mechanism jointly drove aromatization, with the propargyl radical (C₃H₃) serving as a key intermediate for the first aromatic ring formation. This study systematically elucidates the pyrolysis pathway of 1-hexadecene from radical initiation to aromatic and small-molecule formation, highlighting the temperature-dependent transition from primary bond scission to extensive dehydrogenation and aromatization. The findings offer fundamental insights for accurate modeling and optimization of polyethylene pyrolysis in chemical recycling.

聚乙烯（PE）的热解机理由于其固有的复杂性和难以识别的反应中间体而一直不为人所知。在这项工作中，以1-十六烯为模型化合物，在定制的低压流管反应器中进行热解。通过原位电子电离分子束质谱（EI-MBMS）在300-980°C范围内检测热解中间体和产物。共鉴定出59种，包括一次热解中间体（PPIs）、一次热解产物（PPPs）、二次反应中间体（SRIs）和二次反应产物（SRPs），其中16种被量化。结果表明：在初始阶段（320 ~ 680℃），1-十六烯进行有限分解，以双键附近的β-裂解为主，主要生成不饱和烃，而氢转移反应具有明显的烯烃选择性。在温度升高阶段（680 ~ 880℃），自由基浓度急剧升高，促进了β的广泛断裂和二次反应的发生。芳香族前体如环戊二烯出现，并伴有脱氢反应加剧。在最后阶段（880 ~ 980℃），反应物几乎耗尽，烯烃发生深度裂化。Diels-Alder反应和链式烃聚集（CHRCR）机制共同驱动芳构化，丙炔自由基（C3H3）是形成第一个芳环的关键中间体。本研究系统地阐明了1-十六烯从自由基起始到芳香和小分子形成的热解途径，强调了从初级键断裂到广泛脱氢和芳构化的温度依赖转变。研究结果为化学循环中聚乙烯热解的精确建模和优化提供了基础见解。

{"title":"In-situ mechanistic elucidation of 1-hexadecene pyrolysis as a polyethylene model compound","authors":"Yinzhi Wang , Yunqing Zhou , Zhenzhen Wu , Hualiang Li , Chuanqi Shi , Siyi Bao , Jianhua Yan , Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pyrolysis mechanism of polyethylene (PE) remains elusive owing to its inherent complexity and the difficulty in identifying reactive intermediates. In this work, 1-hexadecene was employed as a model compound and pyrolyzed in a custom low-pressure flow tube reactor. The pyrolysis intermediates and products were detected via <em>in-situ</em> electron ionization molecular beam mass spectrometry (EI-MBMS) across 300–980 °C. A total of up to 59 species were identified, including primary pyrolysis intermediates (PPIs), primary pyrolysis products (PPPs), secondary reaction intermediates (SRIs), and secondary reaction products (SRPs), with 16 key species quantified. Three distinct pyrolysis stages were revealed: at the initial stage (320–680°C), 1-hexadecene underwent limited decomposition, dominated by <em>β</em>-scission near the double bond, producing mainly unsaturated hydrocarbons, while hydrogen transfer reactions exhibited pronounced olefin selectivity. At the stage with increasing temperature (680–880°C), the radical concentration increased sharply, promoting extensive <em>β</em>-scission and the onset of secondary reactions. Aromatic precursors such as cyclopentadiene emerged, accompanied by intensified dehydrogenation. At the final stage (880–980°C), the reactant was nearly depleted, and olefins underwent deep cracking. Both Diels–Alder reactions and the chain reaction hydrocarbon aggregation (CHRCR) mechanism jointly drove aromatization, with the propargyl radical (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub>) serving as a key intermediate for the first aromatic ring formation. This study systematically elucidates the pyrolysis pathway of 1-hexadecene from radical initiation to aromatic and small-molecule formation, highlighting the temperature-dependent transition from primary bond scission to extensive dehydrogenation and aromatization. The findings offer fundamental insights for accurate modeling and optimization of polyethylene pyrolysis in chemical recycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 107606"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on carbon structure evolution, surface chemical properties, microstructure, and mechanism of low-rank coal pyrolysis under different atmospheres 不同气氛下低阶煤热解碳结构演化、表面化学性质、微观结构及机理研究

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107607

Xiaowei Gan , Zhengjie Chen , Wenhui Ma , Yakun Zhang , Junyu Qu

This study investigated the effects of different calcination temperatures (300–900 °C) and atmospheres (air and argon) on the pyrolysis of low-rank non-coking coal from Xinjiang, China. Changes in the carbon structure, surface chemical properties, microstructure, and reaction mechanism of the coal were analyzed. Elemental analysis, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, BET, SEM, XPS, TG-FTIR, and PY-GC-MS were used to investigate the mechanism by which the atmosphere regulated the pyrolysis of low-rank unbound coal. The results were used to correlate the relationship between the atmosphere, structure, and products. Under an argon atmosphere, the carbon content of coke (90.18 % at 900 °C) and calorific value (HHV = 31.53 MJ/kg) were higher, which promoted the graphitization of carbon materials. The degree of graphitization (g) and microcrystalline size (Lc and La) increased significantly upon increasing the temperature. However, under an air atmosphere, carbon loss was caused by oxidation, but the specific surface area (433.32 m²/g) was higher, and the formation of long-range ordered structures was inhibited. The air atmosphere induced dynamic changes in oxygen-containing functional groups, and the products were mainly CO₂ and H₂O. Under an argon atmosphere, more hydrocarbons were released, and the largest total release of pyrolysis products occurred at 450 °C. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was performed, and the results were used to propose the calcination decomposition mechanism. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of low-rank coal in the industrial silicon sector, and has significant practical value.

研究了不同煅烧温度（300 ~ 900℃）和气氛（空气和氩气）对新疆低阶非焦煤热解的影响。分析了煤的碳结构、表面化学性质、微观结构和反应机理的变化。采用元素分析、XRD、拉曼光谱、BET、SEM、XPS、TG-FTIR、PY-GC-MS等手段研究了气氛对低阶无粘结煤热解的调控机理。这些结果被用来关联气氛、结构和产物之间的关系。在氩气气氛下，焦炭的含碳量（900℃时为90.18 %）和热值（HHV = 31.53 MJ/kg）较高，促进了炭材料的石墨化。随着温度的升高，石墨化度(g)和微晶尺寸（Lc和La）显著增加。而在空气气氛下，碳的损失主要由氧化引起，但比表面积（433.32 m2/g）较高，并抑制了长程有序结构的形成。大气诱导含氧官能团发生动态变化，产物以CO2和H2O为主。在氩气气氛下，热解产物释放出更多的碳氢化合物，热解产物总释放量在450℃时最大。最后进行Pearson相关分析，并利用分析结果提出煅烧分解机理。本研究为低阶煤在工业硅领域的应用提供了理论依据，具有重要的实用价值。

{"title":"Research on carbon structure evolution, surface chemical properties, microstructure, and mechanism of low-rank coal pyrolysis under different atmospheres","authors":"Xiaowei Gan , Zhengjie Chen , Wenhui Ma , Yakun Zhang , Junyu Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of different calcination temperatures (300–900 °C) and atmospheres (air and argon) on the pyrolysis of low-rank non-coking coal from Xinjiang, China. Changes in the carbon structure, surface chemical properties, microstructure, and reaction mechanism of the coal were analyzed. Elemental analysis, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, BET, SEM, XPS, TG-FTIR, and PY-GC-MS were used to investigate the mechanism by which the atmosphere regulated the pyrolysis of low-rank unbound coal. The results were used to correlate the relationship between the atmosphere, structure, and products. Under an argon atmosphere, the carbon content of coke (90.18 % at 900 °C) and calorific value (HHV = 31.53 MJ/kg) were higher, which promoted the graphitization of carbon materials. The degree of graphitization (<em>g</em>) and microcrystalline size (<em>Lc</em> and <em>La</em>) increased significantly upon increasing the temperature. However, under an air atmosphere, carbon loss was caused by oxidation, but the specific surface area (433.32 m<sup>2</sup>/g) was higher, and the formation of long-range ordered structures was inhibited. The air atmosphere induced dynamic changes in oxygen-containing functional groups, and the products were mainly CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O. Under an argon atmosphere, more hydrocarbons were released, and the largest total release of pyrolysis products occurred at 450 °C. Finally, Pearson correlation analysis was performed, and the results were used to propose the calcination decomposition mechanism. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of low-rank coal in the industrial silicon sector, and has significant practical value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 107607"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into speciation evolution of N-P-K in food waste hydrothermal-pyrolysis process 食物垃圾水热热解过程中N-P-K的形态演化

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107603

Chengyang Qin, Haodi Tan, Danchen Zhu, Yingquan Chen, Ziyue Tang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen

Food waste (FW) with complex components can be turned into high value-added products using food waste hydrothermal-pyrolysis (HT-Py) technology, but existing processes overlook nutrient synchronous recovery in biochar through HT-Py. In this study, food waste was first converted to hydrothermal char by hydrothermal, and then to pyrolysis char by pyrolysis, with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N, P, K) migration and speciation evolution investigated. Results indicated that 52.8 % of N in food waste was retained in the hydrothermal char, and the retained N was mainly present in three forms: protein-N (28.08 %), pyrrole-N (45.78 %), and quaternary-N (21.19 %). During subsequent hydrothermal char pyrolysis, the N content in pyrolysis char decreased gradually with temperature increasing. Specifically, protein-N was cracked to form pyridinic-N, with some further converted to quaternary-N. Additionally, higher pyrolysis temperatures reduced bio-oil amide content significantly, while nitriles and N-heterocyclic compounds increased. Regarding P migration, 84.4 % of P in food waste was retained in hydrothermal char, which contained 72.8 % of inorganic P and 27.2 % of organic P. Following pyrolysis, a considerable quantity (62.6 %∼77.6 %) of inorganic-P in hydrothermal char was retained within the pyrolysis char, which is more readily available for plant growth. However, 96.6 % of the potassium in food waste is lost during hydrothermal treatment, resulting in the low potassium content of hydrothermal char and pyrolysis char. This work will provide guidance for targeted modulation of the distribution and types of nutrients derived from FW, which is of great significance for improving nutrient recycling and attaining sustainable management of biowaste.

利用食物垃圾水热热解（HT-Py）技术可以将含有复杂成分的食物垃圾转化为高附加值产品，但现有的工艺忽略了通过HT-Py在生物炭中同步回收营养物质。本研究首先通过水热将食物垃圾转化为水热炭，然后通过热解将食物垃圾转化为热解炭，研究了氮、磷、钾（N、P、K）的迁移和形态演化。结果表明，餐厨垃圾中52.8 %的N在水热炭中被保留，保留的N主要以蛋白质N（28.08 %）、吡咯N（45.78 %）和季铵盐N（21.19 %）三种形式存在。在后续的水热炭热解过程中，随着温度的升高，热解炭中的N含量逐渐降低。具体来说，蛋白质n被裂解形成吡啶- n，其中一些进一步转化为季铵盐- n。此外，较高的热解温度显著降低了生物油酰胺含量，而腈和n -杂环化合物含量增加。在磷迁移方面，餐厨垃圾中84.4 %的磷被保留在水热炭中，其中无机磷含量为72.8 %，有机磷含量为27.2 %。热解后，水热炭中相当数量（62.6 % ~ 77.6% %）的无机磷被保留在热解炭中，更有利于植物生长。但在水热处理过程中，食物垃圾中有96.6% %的钾流失，导致水热炭和热解炭的钾含量较低。该工作将为有针对性地调控FW养分的分布和种类提供指导，对促进养分循环利用和实现生物废弃物的可持续管理具有重要意义。

{"title":"Insights into speciation evolution of N-P-K in food waste hydrothermal-pyrolysis process","authors":"Chengyang Qin, Haodi Tan, Danchen Zhu, Yingquan Chen, Ziyue Tang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food waste (FW) with complex components can be turned into high value-added products using food waste hydrothermal-pyrolysis (HT-Py) technology, but existing processes overlook nutrient synchronous recovery in biochar through HT-Py. In this study, food waste was first converted to hydrothermal char by hydrothermal, and then to pyrolysis char by pyrolysis, with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N, P, K) migration and speciation evolution investigated. Results indicated that 52.8 % of N in food waste was retained in the hydrothermal char, and the retained N was mainly present in three forms: protein-N (28.08 %), pyrrole-N (45.78 %), and quaternary-N (21.19 %). During subsequent hydrothermal char pyrolysis, the N content in pyrolysis char decreased gradually with temperature increasing. Specifically, protein-N was cracked to form pyridinic-N, with some further converted to quaternary-N. Additionally, higher pyrolysis temperatures reduced bio-oil amide content significantly, while nitriles and N-heterocyclic compounds increased. Regarding P migration, 84.4 % of P in food waste was retained in hydrothermal char, which contained 72.8 % of inorganic P and 27.2 % of organic P. Following pyrolysis, a considerable quantity (62.6 %∼77.6 %) of inorganic-P in hydrothermal char was retained within the pyrolysis char, which is more readily available for plant growth. However, 96.6 % of the potassium in food waste is lost during hydrothermal treatment, resulting in the low potassium content of hydrothermal char and pyrolysis char. This work will provide guidance for targeted modulation of the distribution and types of nutrients derived from FW, which is of great significance for improving nutrient recycling and attaining sustainable management of biowaste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107603"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microwave-assisted catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil into hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil: Optimization of dual-stage catalysis and techno-economic assessment 微波辅助催化裂解废食用油制备富烃生物油：双级催化优化及技术经济评价

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107604

Qiuhao Wu , Anqi Dai , Tianyu Wang , Linyao Ke , Liangliang Fan , Hui Li , Roger Ruan , Yunpu Wang

This study addresses the need for sustainable waste cooking oil valorization by developing a continuous catalytic pyrolysis system to produce hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil. The research focuses on optimizing both the pyrolysis process and catalytic upgrading to maximize bio-oil yield and hydrocarbon content while ensuring process stability. The pyrolysis system demonstrated excellent thermal stability across the pyrolysis process at all bed heights, with a maximum heating rate of 224.0 °C/min. The maximum catalytic bed heating rate was 322.5 °C/min. Temperature overshooting was observed when the CaMg-to-CS ratio reached 1.4 mol/20 g. Average bio-oil yield reached its peak yield of 63.23 wt% at a CaMg-to-CS ratio of 1.0 mol/20 g. Significantly, the hydrocarbon content in bio-oil peaked at 91.37 % when using a ratio of 0.6 mol/20 g. Comparative analysis revealed distinct performance characteristics between single-stage and dual-stage catalysis. While HZSM-5-CS single-stage catalysis showed higher initial activity, but the catalyst deactivated more quickly. In contrast, the dual-stage catalysis demonstrated superior initial activity and more stable catalytic performance. Catalyst characterization showed that the dual-stage catalysis helps mitigate coke-induced deactivation of the HZSM-5-CS catalyst. Microwave radiation had a positive effect on promoting deoxygenation of pyrolysis vapors and aromatization. Catalyst characterization showed that microwave radiation slowed the deactivation of the catalytic bed by reducing coke deposition. Aspen Plus simulate results showed that producing hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil through catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil, especially bio-oil with high benzene, toluene, and xylene content and low oxygen-containing compounds content, is economically feasible.

本研究通过开发一种连续催化热解系统来生产富含碳氢化合物的生物油，解决了废弃食用油可持续增值的需求。研究的重点是优化热解工艺和催化升级，以最大限度地提高生物油收率和碳氢化合物含量，同时确保工艺稳定性。热解体系在所有床层高度的热解过程中均表现出良好的热稳定性，最大升温速率为224.0 °C/min。催化床的最大升温速率为322.5 °C/min。当camg - cs比达到1.4 mol/20 g时，出现温度超调现象。在camg / cs比为1.0 mol/20 g时，平均生物油收率达到63.23 wt%的峰值。当比值为0.6 mol/20 g时，生物油中烃类含量达到91.37 %。对比分析表明，单级催化和双级催化具有明显的性能特点。HZSM-5-CS单级催化表现出较高的初始活性，但失活速度较快。相比之下，双级催化表现出更好的初始活性和更稳定的催化性能。催化剂表征表明，双级催化有助于减轻HZSM-5-CS催化剂的焦炭失活。微波辐射对热解蒸汽的脱氧和芳构化有积极的促进作用。催化剂表征表明，微波辐射通过减少焦炭沉积减缓了催化床的失活。Aspen Plus模拟结果表明，利用废食用油催化热解生产富碳氢生物油，特别是高苯、甲苯、二甲苯含量和低含氧化合物含量的生物油在经济上是可行的。

{"title":"Microwave-assisted catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil into hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil: Optimization of dual-stage catalysis and techno-economic assessment","authors":"Qiuhao Wu , Anqi Dai , Tianyu Wang , Linyao Ke , Liangliang Fan , Hui Li , Roger Ruan , Yunpu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the need for sustainable waste cooking oil valorization by developing a continuous catalytic pyrolysis system to produce hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil. The research focuses on optimizing both the pyrolysis process and catalytic upgrading to maximize bio-oil yield and hydrocarbon content while ensuring process stability. The pyrolysis system demonstrated excellent thermal stability across the pyrolysis process at all bed heights, with a maximum heating rate of 224.0 °C/min. The maximum catalytic bed heating rate was 322.5 °C/min. Temperature overshooting was observed when the CaMg-to-CS ratio reached 1.4 mol/20 g. Average bio-oil yield reached its peak yield of 63.23 wt% at a CaMg-to-CS ratio of 1.0 mol/20 g. Significantly, the hydrocarbon content in bio-oil peaked at 91.37 % when using a ratio of 0.6 mol/20 g. Comparative analysis revealed distinct performance characteristics between single-stage and dual-stage catalysis. While HZSM-5-CS single-stage catalysis showed higher initial activity, but the catalyst deactivated more quickly. In contrast, the dual-stage catalysis demonstrated superior initial activity and more stable catalytic performance. Catalyst characterization showed that the dual-stage catalysis helps mitigate coke-induced deactivation of the HZSM-5-CS catalyst. Microwave radiation had a positive effect on promoting deoxygenation of pyrolysis vapors and aromatization. Catalyst characterization showed that microwave radiation slowed the deactivation of the catalytic bed by reducing coke deposition. Aspen Plus simulate results showed that producing hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil through catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil, especially bio-oil with high benzene, toluene, and xylene content and low oxygen-containing compounds content, is economically feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107604"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the pyrolysis characteristics and product distribution of chemical mixtures of epoxy resin/carbon fiber from end-of-life wind turbine blades 风电报废叶片环氧树脂/碳纤维混合物热解特性及产物分布分析

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107601

Lichao Ge , Qingyuan Yang , Hongcui Feng , Xi Li , Kefeng Wu , Yanquan Liu , Huiwen Liu , Yang Wang , Chang Xu

This paper builds upon previous research on physical mixtures of epoxy resin/carbon fiber to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics and product distribution of the chemical mixtures of epoxy resin/carbon fiber at mixing ratios of 2:7, 3:6, and 4:5, and proposes a pyrolysis mechanism. TG results show that the pyrolysis process occurs in three stages, with pyrolysis characteristic parameters remaining largely consistent across different mixing ratios. The activation energy increases with rising fiber proportion, but the variation is minimal, with values of 155.97, 151.05, and 150.58 kJ/mol at ratios of 2:7, 3:6, and 4:5, respectively. TG–FTIR analysis indicates higher CO₂ release at elevated temperatures compared to physical blending, suggesting more complete epoxy resin depolymerization. Overall, the pyrolysis process demonstrates a relatively low sensitivity to variations in the mixing ratio. However, isothermal pyrolysis analysis conducted in a tube furnace at 600 °C reveals significant variations in pyrolysis product distribution across different mixing ratios. The calorific value of the pyrolysis gas increases with the resin proportion, with values of 15.76, 18.09, and 21.11 MJ/Nm³ at mixing ratios of 2:7, 3:6, and 4:5, respectively. After pyrolysis, the structure of the fibers is maintained, but the higher the epoxy proportion, the higher the adhesion, which may affect the performance of the fibers. This study provides a basis for developing universal pyrolysis processes adaptable to varying blade material proportions. Future work should focus on synergistic techniques like catalytic pyrolysis to enhance the quality and consistency of recycled products from different blade manufacturers.

本文在前人对环氧树脂/碳纤维物理混合物研究的基础上，研究了环氧树脂/碳纤维化学混合物在混合比为2:7、3:6和4:5时的热解特性和产物分布，并提出了热解机理。热重分析结果表明，热解过程分为三个阶段，不同混合比下热解特征参数基本一致。随着纤维比例的增加，活化能增加，但变化很小，在比例为2:7、3:6和4:5时，活化能分别为155.97、151.05和150.58 kJ/mol。TG-FTIR分析表明，与物理共混相比，高温下CO₂释放量更高，表明环氧树脂解聚更完全。总体而言，热解过程对混合比变化的敏感性相对较低。然而，在600°C管式炉中进行的等温热解分析表明，不同混合比例下热解产物分布存在显著差异。热解气的热值随着树脂比例的增加而增加，在混合比为2:7、3:6和4:5时，热值分别为15.76、18.09和21.11 MJ/Nm³ 。热解后，纤维的结构保持不变，但环氧树脂比例越高，粘结力越高，可能影响纤维的性能。该研究为开发适应不同叶片材料比例的通用热解工艺提供了基础。未来的工作应侧重于催化热解等协同技术，以提高来自不同叶片制造商的回收产品的质量和一致性。

{"title":"Analysis of the pyrolysis characteristics and product distribution of chemical mixtures of epoxy resin/carbon fiber from end-of-life wind turbine blades","authors":"Lichao Ge , Qingyuan Yang , Hongcui Feng , Xi Li , Kefeng Wu , Yanquan Liu , Huiwen Liu , Yang Wang , Chang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper builds upon previous research on physical mixtures of epoxy resin/carbon fiber to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics and product distribution of the chemical mixtures of epoxy resin/carbon fiber at mixing ratios of 2:7, 3:6, and 4:5, and proposes a pyrolysis mechanism. TG results show that the pyrolysis process occurs in three stages, with pyrolysis characteristic parameters remaining largely consistent across different mixing ratios. The activation energy increases with rising fiber proportion, but the variation is minimal, with values of 155.97, 151.05, and 150.58 kJ/mol at ratios of 2:7, 3:6, and 4:5, respectively. TG–FTIR analysis indicates higher CO₂ release at elevated temperatures compared to physical blending, suggesting more complete epoxy resin depolymerization. Overall, the pyrolysis process demonstrates a relatively low sensitivity to variations in the mixing ratio. However, isothermal pyrolysis analysis conducted in a tube furnace at 600 °C reveals significant variations in pyrolysis product distribution across different mixing ratios. The calorific value of the pyrolysis gas increases with the resin proportion, with values of 15.76, 18.09, and 21.11 MJ/Nm³ at mixing ratios of 2:7, 3:6, and 4:5, respectively. After pyrolysis, the structure of the fibers is maintained, but the higher the epoxy proportion, the higher the adhesion, which may affect the performance of the fibers. This study provides a basis for developing universal pyrolysis processes adaptable to varying blade material proportions. Future work should focus on synergistic techniques like catalytic pyrolysis to enhance the quality and consistency of recycled products from different blade manufacturers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107601"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Waste valorization through synergistic co-pyrolysis of cashew nut shell and HDPE for enhanced liquid fuel production 腰果壳和HDPE协同热解的废物增值技术，以提高液体燃料的产量

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107593

Hyeong-jin Kim , Jong-su Kim , Su-hyeon Choi , Sungyeon Heo , Soo-hwa Jeong

Co–pyrolysis of cashew nut shell (CNS) and high–density polyethylene (HDPE) waste was conducted in a fixed-bed pyrolysis system. The aim of the study is to produce fuel oil from CNS and to evaluate the synergistic effect between CNS and HDPE during pyrolysis. Co-pyrolysis with a 1:1 (wt./wt.) mixing ratio unexpectedly resulted in a liquid yield of 43.6 wt%, which is lower than the calculated value of 50.6 wt%. In addition, the liquid product consisted exclusively of wax. To enhance the synergistic effect, catalytic co-pyrolysis was conducted using HZSM-5 at catalyst bed temperatures of 510, 610, and 710 °C. The results indicated that the viscous-phase fraction constituted 53 wt% of the pyrolysis oil, and the oxygen content of the oil was 5.8 wt%, representing the lowest value among all runs conducted at a catalyst bed temperature of 610 °C. Furthermore, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), which is known to influence the viscous oil yield in previous studies, was investigated to clarify its effect during decomposition. Acetone–pretreated CNS with partially removed CNSL was pyrolyzed, as well as on the two-stage co-pyrolysis of CNS and HDPE. In the acetone-pretreated CNS, the viscous oil fraction accounted for 3 wt%, whereas the aqueous oil fraction accounted for 97 wt%. The characteristics of the viscous oils were quantitatively analyzed using GC-MS analysis. The results revealed that 3-methylphenol decreased from 13.1 wt% to 1.2 wt% in the viscous oil after CNSL removal. This implies that CNSL contributes to the viscous oil yield during CNS pyrolysis because of its chemical structure.

采用固定床热解系统对腰果壳（CNS）和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）废弃物进行共热解。本研究的目的是利用CNS生产燃料油，并评价CNS与HDPE在热解过程中的协同效应。当混合比为1:1 （wt./wt.）时，共热解的产液率出乎意料地达到43.6 wt%，低于计算值50.6 wt%。此外，液体产品完全由蜡组成。为增强协同作用，采用HZSM-5在510、610和710℃的催化床床温度下进行催化共热解。结果表明，在610℃的催化床层温度下，热解油的粘相分数为53 wt%，油的氧含量为5.8 wt%，是所有运行中最低的。此外，研究了以往研究中已知的影响稠油产率的腰果壳液（cashew nut shell liquid， CNSL）在分解过程中的作用。采用丙酮预处理CNS，对部分去除的CNSL进行了热解，并对CNS与HDPE进行了两段共热解。在丙酮预处理的CNS中，粘性油馏分占3 wt%，含水油馏分占97 wt%。采用气相色谱-质谱法定量分析了稠油的特性。结果表明，去除CNSL后，3-甲基苯酚在稠油中的含量从13.1 wt%降至1.2 wt%。这说明CNSL的化学结构对CNS热解过程中的稠油产率有一定的贡献。

{"title":"Waste valorization through synergistic co-pyrolysis of cashew nut shell and HDPE for enhanced liquid fuel production","authors":"Hyeong-jin Kim , Jong-su Kim , Su-hyeon Choi , Sungyeon Heo , Soo-hwa Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co–pyrolysis of cashew nut shell (CNS) and high–density polyethylene (HDPE) waste was conducted in a fixed-bed pyrolysis system. The aim of the study is to produce fuel oil from CNS and to evaluate the synergistic effect between CNS and HDPE during pyrolysis. Co-pyrolysis with a 1:1 (wt./wt.) mixing ratio unexpectedly resulted in a liquid yield of 43.6 wt%, which is lower than the calculated value of 50.6 wt%. In addition, the liquid product consisted exclusively of wax. To enhance the synergistic effect, catalytic co-pyrolysis was conducted using HZSM-5 at catalyst bed temperatures of 510, 610, and 710 °C. The results indicated that the viscous-phase fraction constituted 53 wt% of the pyrolysis oil, and the oxygen content of the oil was 5.8 wt%, representing the lowest value among all runs conducted at a catalyst bed temperature of 610 °C. Furthermore, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), which is known to influence the viscous oil yield in previous studies, was investigated to clarify its effect during decomposition. Acetone–pretreated CNS with partially removed CNSL was pyrolyzed, as well as on the two-stage co-pyrolysis of CNS and HDPE. In the acetone-pretreated CNS, the viscous oil fraction accounted for 3 wt%, whereas the aqueous oil fraction accounted for 97 wt%. The characteristics of the viscous oils were quantitatively analyzed using GC-MS analysis. The results revealed that 3-methylphenol decreased from 13.1 wt% to 1.2 wt% in the viscous oil after CNSL removal. This implies that CNSL contributes to the viscous oil yield during CNS pyrolysis because of its chemical structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107593"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature on chemical and molecular characteristics of biochar-dissolved organic matter 原料类型和热解温度对生物炭溶有机质化学和分子特性的影响

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107602

Yuxuan Zhu , Junting Wang , Yanhui Dai , Zhixiang Jiang

This study systematically investigated the effects of feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature on the chemical and molecular characteristics of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM). Compared to feedstock-derived DOM (FDOM), BDOM consistently exhibited higher pH values and higher H/C and O/C ratios, indicating enhanced bioavailability. Dissolved organic carbon contents were significantly lower in biochars than in their corresponding feedstocks, with this reduction becoming more pronounced at higher pyrolysis temperatures. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed that elevating pyrolysis temperature substantially enhanced the aromaticity, molecular weight, and hydrophobicity of DOM derived from wood chip-, reed straw-, and cattle manure-biochars. FTIR spectroscopy also indicated a gradual decomposition of oxygen-containing functional groups with increasing pyrolysis temperature for these same BDOMs. In contrast, walnut shell- and sewage sludge-derived BDOMs exhibited the opposite trends. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that pyrolysis significantly improved the humification degree and structural complexity of BDOMs, as evidenced by increased humification index. Whereas, variations in fluorescence index and biological index were co-determined by feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships among fluorescent components, suggesting potential interconversions. Overall, the results highlight that the chemical and molecular characteristics of BDOM are co-regulated by feedstock characteristics (e.g., organic matter composition and inorganic mineral content) and pyrolysis temperature. The inclusion of a wide range of representative feedstocks provides a more comprehensive understanding of BDOM information, facilitating the targeted regulation of BDOM properties through optimized feedstock selection. This is essential for managing BDOM’s environmental behavior and promoting the sustainable application of biochar.

本研究系统研究了原料类型和热解温度对生物炭衍生溶解有机质（BDOM）化学和分子特性的影响。与原料源DOM （FDOM）相比，BDOM始终具有更高的pH值和更高的H/C和O/C比率，表明生物利用度更高。生物炭中的溶解有机碳含量明显低于其相应的原料，并且在较高的热解温度下，这种减少变得更加明显。紫外可见光谱分析表明，提高热解温度可显著提高木屑、芦苇秸秆和牛粪生物炭的DOM的芳香性、分子量和疏水性。FTIR光谱还表明，随着热解温度的升高，这些bdom的含氧官能团逐渐分解。相比之下，核桃壳和污水污泥来源的bdom表现出相反的趋势。三维激发-发射矩阵荧光光谱分析表明，热解显著提高了bdom的腐殖化程度和结构复杂性，腐殖化指数增加。而荧光指数和生物指数的变化受原料类型和热解温度的共同影响。相关分析显示，荧光成分之间存在显著的正相关关系，表明存在潜在的相互转换。总体而言，研究结果表明，BDOM的化学和分子特性受原料特性（如有机质组成和无机矿物含量）和热解温度的共同调节。广泛的代表性原料的加入，可以更全面地了解BDOM的信息，便于通过优化原料选择有针对性地调控BDOM的性质。这对于管理BDOM的环境行为和促进生物炭的可持续应用至关重要。

{"title":"Effects of feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature on chemical and molecular characteristics of biochar-dissolved organic matter","authors":"Yuxuan Zhu , Junting Wang , Yanhui Dai , Zhixiang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigated the effects of feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature on the chemical and molecular characteristics of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM). Compared to feedstock-derived DOM (FDOM), BDOM consistently exhibited higher pH values and higher H/C and O/C ratios, indicating enhanced bioavailability. Dissolved organic carbon contents were significantly lower in biochars than in their corresponding feedstocks, with this reduction becoming more pronounced at higher pyrolysis temperatures. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed that elevating pyrolysis temperature substantially enhanced the aromaticity, molecular weight, and hydrophobicity of DOM derived from wood chip-, reed straw-, and cattle manure-biochars. FTIR spectroscopy also indicated a gradual decomposition of oxygen-containing functional groups with increasing pyrolysis temperature for these same BDOMs. In contrast, walnut shell- and sewage sludge-derived BDOMs exhibited the opposite trends. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that pyrolysis significantly improved the humification degree and structural complexity of BDOMs, as evidenced by increased humification index. Whereas, variations in fluorescence index and biological index were co-determined by feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships among fluorescent components, suggesting potential interconversions. Overall, the results highlight that the chemical and molecular characteristics of BDOM are co-regulated by feedstock characteristics (e.g., organic matter composition and inorganic mineral content) and pyrolysis temperature. The inclusion of a wide range of representative feedstocks provides a more comprehensive understanding of BDOM information, facilitating the targeted regulation of BDOM properties through optimized feedstock selection. This is essential for managing BDOM’s environmental behavior and promoting the sustainable application of biochar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107602"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of pretreatment on aromatic production from catalytic pyrolysis of soy sauce residue for organic liquid hydrogen carriers 预处理对有机液态氢载体酱油渣催化热解制芳的影响

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107599

Qi Niu , Peng-yu Xing , Lei Yi , Ding-wang Qiao , Zhi-mo Fang , Ze-jun Luo , Shu Zheng , Kai Li , Xiang-yu Zhang , Qiang Lu

Aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) represent important organic liquid hydrogen carriers due to their abundant unsaturated bonds. As the only renewable carbon source, biomass can be directionally converted into AHs through catalytic pyrolysis, offering a low-carbon and environmentally friendly approach. Soy sauce residue (SSR), a fermentation by-product with high volatility and thermal decomposability, shows unique advantages for catalytic pyrolysis into AHs. However, SSR contains high mass fraction of salts and ash, which adversely affect the selective production of AHs. In this study, high-salt SSR was selected as the raw material and pretreated with deionized water and dilute HCl solution to remove salts and ash. The effects of washing pretreatment on the intrinsic physicochemical properties, pyrolysis kinetics, product distribution, and hydrogen storage performance of the resulting AHs were investigated. The pretreatment led to a significant increase in cellulose and lignin content and a reduction in hemicellulose. Moreover, washing pretreatment effectively removed ash from SSR, reduced the catalytic effects of inherent ash, and enhanced both the yield of AHs and their hydrogen storage capacity. Compared to water washing, acid washing pretreatment proved more effective, with higher temperatures favoring the removal of inorganic matter. At a pretreatment temperature of 80℃, acid washing removed 90.57 % of salts and 83.25 % of ash. Under optimal pyrolysis conditions (650℃, HZSM-5/SSR ratio of 12), the AH yields increased from 16.10 wt% (untreated SSR) to 24.82 wt% (HCl-treated SSR), and the hydrogen storage capacity of AHs also increased from 11.37 g/kg (untreated SSR) to 17.09 g/kg (HCl-treated SSR).

芳烃具有丰富的不饱和键，是重要的有机液氢载体。作为唯一的可再生碳源，生物质可以通过催化热解定向转化为AHs，提供了一种低碳环保的途径。酱油渣作为发酵副产物，具有高挥发性和热分解性，在催化热解制备AHs方面具有独特的优势。然而，SSR中盐和灰分的质量分数较高，这对AHs的选择性产生不利影响。本研究以高盐SSR为原料，用去离子水和稀HCl溶液对其进行预处理，去除盐分和灰分。研究了洗涤预处理对AHs的理化性质、热解动力学、产物分布和储氢性能的影响。预处理导致纤维素和木质素含量显著增加，半纤维素含量显著降低。水洗预处理能有效去除SSR中的灰分，降低固有灰分的催化作用，提高AHs的产率和储氢能力。与水洗相比，酸洗预处理被证明更有效，较高的温度有利于无机物的去除。在80℃的预处理温度下，酸洗盐去除率为90.57 %，灰分去除率为83.25 %。在最佳热解条件下（650℃，HZSM-5/SSR比为12），AH产率从16.10 wt%（未处理SSR）提高到24.82 wt%（盐酸处理SSR）， AHs的储氢量也从11.37 g/kg（未处理SSR）提高到17.09 g/kg（盐酸处理SSR）。

{"title":"Effects of pretreatment on aromatic production from catalytic pyrolysis of soy sauce residue for organic liquid hydrogen carriers","authors":"Qi Niu , Peng-yu Xing , Lei Yi , Ding-wang Qiao , Zhi-mo Fang , Ze-jun Luo , Shu Zheng , Kai Li , Xiang-yu Zhang , Qiang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) represent important organic liquid hydrogen carriers due to their abundant unsaturated bonds. As the only renewable carbon source, biomass can be directionally converted into AHs through catalytic pyrolysis, offering a low-carbon and environmentally friendly approach. Soy sauce residue (SSR), a fermentation by-product with high volatility and thermal decomposability, shows unique advantages for catalytic pyrolysis into AHs. However, SSR contains high mass fraction of salts and ash, which adversely affect the selective production of AHs. In this study, high-salt SSR was selected as the raw material and pretreated with deionized water and dilute HCl solution to remove salts and ash. The effects of washing pretreatment on the intrinsic physicochemical properties, pyrolysis kinetics, product distribution, and hydrogen storage performance of the resulting AHs were investigated. The pretreatment led to a significant increase in cellulose and lignin content and a reduction in hemicellulose. Moreover, washing pretreatment effectively removed ash from SSR, reduced the catalytic effects of inherent ash, and enhanced both the yield of AHs and their hydrogen storage capacity. Compared to water washing, acid washing pretreatment proved more effective, with higher temperatures favoring the removal of inorganic matter. At a pretreatment temperature of 80℃, acid washing removed 90.57 % of salts and 83.25 % of ash. Under optimal pyrolysis conditions (650℃, HZSM-5/SSR ratio of 12), the AH yields increased from 16.10 wt% (untreated SSR) to 24.82 wt% (HCl-treated SSR), and the hydrogen storage capacity of AHs also increased from 11.37 g/kg (untreated SSR) to 17.09 g/kg (HCl-treated SSR).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107599"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0