Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis最新文献_第10页

Optimizing Fe-loaded catalysts in dual-stage pyrolysis-volatile reforming of biomass: Enhancing aromatic and hydrogen yield from wheat straw 生物质双段热解-挥发重整中载铁催化剂的优化：提高麦秸芳香烃和氢的产率

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107539

Yansong Shi , Wenjing Zhao , Mudassir Hussain Tahir , Electo Eduardo Silva Lora , Alexander N. Kozlov , Maxim V. Penzik , Yuming Zhang , Shu Zhang

This study investigates the optimization of Fe-loaded catalysts made from Al₂O₃ and char derived from wheat straw (WS) biomass, aimed at enhancing the yield of aromatic compounds and hydrogen (H₂) during dual-stage pyrolysis-volatile reforming. The findings indicate that a Fe loading of 15 wt% notably improves aromatic production and H₂ yields; specifically, the Fe/Char composite achieves an aromatic yield of 86.8 % and an H₂ output of 81.39 mL/g, compared to yields of 79.8 % and 36.37 mL/g for the Fe/Al₂O₃ catalyst at an optimal reforming temperature of 750°C. Without catalysts at 450°C, the yields of aromatic compounds and H₂ are 65.9 % and 1.81 mL/g, respectively. These results underscore the synergistic effects of elevated temperatures and the catalytic efficiency of Fe/Char in significantly enhancing aromatic and H₂ yields. Furthermore, biochar produced at the optimal temperature exhibits a yield of 67.8 %, demonstrating its potential as an effective support material for the Fe/Char composite and emphasizing the process's efficiency and economic sustainability for full product utilization. Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirm the superior catalytic properties and structural advantages of biochar over Al₂O₃. This research emphasizes the critical role of catalyst design in the sustainable production of high-value biofuels from agricultural wastes, proposing a viable pathway for the advancement of efficient thermochemical biorefineries.

研究了以Al₂O₃和小麦秸秆炭为原料制备的载铁催化剂的优化设计，以提高双阶段热解-挥发重整过程中芳香族化合物和氢（H₂）的收率。结果表明，铁负荷为15 wt%显著提高了芳烃产量和H₂产率；具体来说，Fe/Char复合材料的芳香产率为86.8 %，H₂产率为81.39 mL/g，而Fe/Al₂O₃催化剂在750℃的最佳重整温度下的产率为79.8 %，H₂产率为36.37 mL/g。450℃无催化剂时，芳香族化合物和H₂的产率分别为65.9% %和1.81 mL/g。这些结果强调了高温和Fe/Char的催化效率在显著提高芳香和H₂产率方面的协同效应。此外，在最佳温度下生产的生物炭的产率为67.8% %，表明其作为铁/炭复合材料的有效支撑材料的潜力，并强调了该工艺的效率和经济可持续性，以充分利用产品。表征技术，包括x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散光谱（EDS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS），证实了生物炭优于Al₂O₃的催化性能和结构优势。本研究强调了催化剂设计在从农业废弃物中可持续生产高价值生物燃料中的关键作用，为推进高效热化学生物炼制提出了可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Insight on oxygen-carrying and catalyst performance of sludge ash during Fe-rich sludge gasification 富铁污泥气化过程中污泥灰分载氧及催化性能的研究

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107490

Cuiping Wang , Sheng Yao , Yusheng Zhang , Xiaoying Yuan , Wanxia Hu , Jiye Li , Xin Meng

Polyferric coagulants are employed in municipal wastewater treatment, resulting in sludges with higher iron concentrations. In this study, iron-rich sludge ash was utilized as an oxygen carrier to systematically explore its catalytic performance in sludge gasification. The oxygen carrying performance of sludge ash was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and multi-cycle testing in fixed bed, the oxygen release characteristics, oxygen carrying capacity and cycling stability of sludge ash were analyzed. TG analysis showed that sludge ash had peak oxygen release capacity at 775– 850 °C, with the highest oxygen release of 15.9 % in H₂ and 5.6 % in CO initially, the oxygen-carrying capacity under syngas fell between the two values during subsequent redox cycles, and the sludge was gasified in a chemical looping gasification (CLG) way. The oxygen-carbon (O/C) ratio, significantly affected syngas quality at the beginning of the redox cycle in sludge CLG. When the initial O/C ratio was 1:10, the oxygen carrier performance of sludge ash was optimal, and the hydrogen yield was reaching 63.1 %, and syngas calorific value of 15.4 MJ/Nm³ . With the increasing cycles, there was a decrease in syngas quality due to the reduction in sludge ash 's oxygen carrier performance, the sintering and pore structure degradation occurred. The optimal redox cycles with O/C ratio of 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20 were determined to be 3, 4, and 5 cycles, respectively. This study provides a theoretical foundation for sludge resource utilization and confirms the feasibility of sludge ash as a low-cost iron-based oxygen carrier in CLG technology.

聚铁混凝剂用于城市污水处理，产生的污泥铁浓度较高。本研究以富铁污泥灰为氧载体，系统探索其在污泥气化中的催化性能。采用热重分析（TGA）和固定床多循环试验研究了污泥灰分的携氧性能，分析了污泥灰分的氧释放特性、携氧能力和循环稳定性。TG分析表明，污泥灰分在775 ~ 850℃时氧释放量最大，初始H₂释放量最高，为15.9 %，CO释放量最高，在随后的氧化还原循环中，合成气下的携氧能力介于这两个值之间，污泥以化学环气化（CLG）方式气化。氧碳比（O/C）显著影响污泥CLG氧化还原循环开始时的合成气质量。初始O/C比为1:10时，污泥灰分载氧性能最佳，产氢率达到63.1 %，合成气热值为15.4 MJ/Nm³ 。随着循环次数的增加，由于污泥的载氧性能降低，合成气质量下降，发生烧结和孔隙结构退化。O/C比为1:5、1:10和1:20时，最佳氧化还原周期分别为3、4和5个周期。本研究为污泥资源化利用提供了理论基础，证实了污泥灰分作为低成本铁基氧载体在CLG工艺中的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Catalytic pyrolysis of endogenous nitrogen in feather protein enhances the generation of nitriles and pyrroles in pyrolysis oil: N element migration mechanism 羽毛蛋白中内源氮的催化热解促进了热解油中腈和吡咯的生成：N元素迁移机制

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107600

Shanjian Liu , Guanshuai Zhang , Jiyan Ma , Qingqing Qian , Chengxizi Zhang , Bin Zhou

The production of high-value-added nitrogenous chemicals through pyrolysis technology is a new approach to realize the utilization of waste poultry feathers. In this research, aiming at the problem of low yield of nitrogenous chemicals obtained by conventional pyrolysis, it is proposed to use four catalysts, namely MCM-41, ZSM-5, ZIF-67 and γ-Al₂O₃, for the directional regulation of products during the pyrolysis process. The influence of catalyst types and addition ratios on the distribution of bio-oil components were investigated. The results indicated that MCM-41 and ZIF-67 significantly boosted the generation of nitrogen-containing compounds, especially nitriles and pyrroles. When using MCM-41, the nitrogenous compounds content grew from 66.3 % to a maximum of 81.8 %. Pyrroles increased from 7.7 % to 26.9 %, and that of nitriles rose from 9.9 % to 29.8 %. ZSM-5 and γ-Al₂O₃ had no significant effect on the generation of nitrogen-containing compounds. Finally, combined with the research findings, the influence mechanism of different types of catalysts on the migration and transformation of nitrogen in feather was analyzed. The results of this research provide a guide for the preparation of highly selective nitrogenous chemicals using feathers as raw materials.

利用热解技术生产高附加值含氮化学品是实现废禽羽毛资源化利用的新途径。本研究针对常规热解获得含氮化学品产率低的问题，提出采用MCM-41、ZSM-5、ZIF-67和γ-Al2O3四种催化剂对热解过程中的产物进行定向调控。考察了催化剂类型和添加比例对生物油组分分布的影响。结果表明，MCM-41和ZIF-67显著促进了含氮化合物的生成，尤其是腈和吡咯的生成。使用MCM-41后，氮化合物含量由66.3% %提高到81.8 %。吡咯由7.7 %增加到26.9 %，腈由9.9 %增加到29.8 %。ZSM-5和γ-Al2O3对含氮化合物的生成无显著影响。最后，结合研究结果，分析了不同类型催化剂对羽毛中氮迁移转化的影响机理。本研究结果为以羽毛为原料制备高选择性含氮化学品提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Insight into the relationship between carbon structure and coke performance during coal blending coking 配煤炼焦过程中碳结构与焦炭性能关系的探讨

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107598

Hanwen Zhu , Peng Yu , Xinni Zhao , Lu Tian , Hua Li , Xingxing Chen , Jinxiao Dou , Jianglong Yu

To address the increasing scarcity of high-quality coking coal resources and the theoretical need to improve coke quality through optimized coal blending, Hongsheng coking coal (HSCC) and Kunpeng fat coal (KPFC) were selected as primary coals, with Huangling gas coal (HLGC) and Yonghesheng lean coal (YHSLC) as blending coals. By comprehensively utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid-state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), a 10 kg laboratory-scale simulated coke oven, and coke thermal reactivity analysis, the relationship between carbon structures and coke properties in different coal blending systems during the coking process from 600 to 1000°C was systematically investigated. The results showed that coal blending characteristics significantly affect the uniformity of temperature and pressure distribution within the coke oven. An excessively high proportion of gas coal impedes heat transfer toward the center, while an increased proportion of lean coal aggravates temperature non-uniformity due to reduced plasticity. The thermal properties of coke can be directionally regulated by blending. A high proportion of aromatic bridgehead carbon (X_b) and a low degree of aromatic ring substitution (δ) are conducive to increasing coke strength after reaction (CSR). Additionally, a high lattice fringe tortuosity is associated with a high coke reactivity index (CRI). The 9HS1YHS and 8HS2YHS exhibit excellent thermal properties, while 7KP3HL demonstrates a synergistic effect. This multi-scale analysis provides a theoretical basis for optimizing blending ratios and coke quality.

为解决优质炼焦煤资源日益紧缺和通过优化配煤提高焦炭质量的理论需要，选择宏升炼焦煤（HSCC）和鲲鹏肥煤（KPFC）作为原煤，黄陵气煤（HLGC）和永和升贫煤（YHSLC）作为配煤。综合利用x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、固态13C核磁共振（13C NMR）、高分辨率透射电镜（HRTEM）、10 kg实验室规模模拟焦炉和焦炭热反应性分析，系统研究了600 ~ 1000℃焦化过程中不同配煤体系中碳结构与焦炭性质的关系。结果表明，配煤特性对焦炉内温度和压力分布的均匀性有显著影响。气煤比例过高会阻碍热量向中心的传递，而贫煤比例增加会导致塑性降低，从而加剧温度的不均匀性。焦炭的热性能可以通过掺合进行定向调节。较高的芳香桥头堡碳（Xb）比例和较低的芳香环取代度（δ）有利于提高反应后焦炭的强度（CSR）。此外，高晶格条纹弯曲度与高焦炭反应性指数（CRI）有关。9HS1YHS和8HS2YHS表现出优异的热性能，而7KP3HL表现出协同效应。该多尺度分析为优化配合比和焦炭质量提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic regulation of lignite thermal conversion and product evolution by carbide slag addition strategies 电石渣添加策略对褐煤热转化和产物演化的协同调控

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2026.107595

Lujie Wang , Yunfei Wang , Quansheng Liu , Jianxiu Hao , Na Li , Keduan Zhi , Huacong Zhou , Yanpeng Ban

The utilization of carbide slag (CS) as a calcium-based catalyst in coal gasification and pyrolysis presents significant economic and environmental benefits, enabling efficient conversion of low-rank coals such as lignite while facilitating the valorization of industrial waste. However, the impacts of different CS addition strategies on the thermal conversion behavior of lignite remain poorly understood. The present study addresses this issue by introducing CS as a catalyst in lignite by means of four different treatment methods, including physical mixing, mechanical activation, impregnation, and hydrothermal treatment. The treated samples were subjected to detailed physicochemical characterization, and the main syngas constituents during gasification and the dominant molecular species in pyrolysis tar were systematically analyzed. The results reveal that mechanical activation, impregnation, and hydrothermal treatment exerted pronounced influences on syngas composition, reducing the temperature corresponding to the maximum decomposition rate by 199 °C, 227 °C, and 229 °C, respectively, compared with the untreated lignite. The treatment method also affected the ratio of liquid product yields to gas product yields, where physical mixing and mechanical activation increased this ratio, while impregnation and hydrothermal treatment significantly decreased this ratio. Regarding liquid pyrolysis products, mechanical activation, impregnation, and hydrothermal treatment enhanced the formation of hydrocarbon compounds while reducing the abundance of alcohols, phenols, and ethers. This work provides valuable theoretical insights and practical guidance for optimizing calcium-based catalytic coal conversion, thereby advancing the development of clean and efficient coal utilization technologies.

电石渣（CS）作为钙基催化剂用于煤的气化和热解具有显著的经济效益和环境效益，可以实现褐煤等低阶煤的高效转化，同时促进工业废物的增值。然而，不同CS添加策略对褐煤热转化行为的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过四种不同的处理方法，包括物理混合、机械活化、浸渍和水热处理，引入CS作为褐煤催化剂来解决这一问题。对处理后的样品进行了详细的物理化学表征，系统地分析了气化过程中的主要合成气成分和热解焦油中的优势分子种。结果表明，机械活化、浸渍和水热处理对合成气组成有显著影响，与未处理褐煤相比，最大分解速率对应的温度分别降低了199℃、227℃和229℃。处理方法对液气产物产率也有影响，物理混合和机械活化使液气产物产率提高，浸渍和水热处理使液气产物产率显著降低。对于液态热解产物，机械活化、浸渍和水热处理都促进了烃类化合物的形成，同时降低了醇类、酚类和醚类的丰度。本研究为优化钙基催化煤转化提供了有价值的理论见解和实践指导，从而推动煤炭清洁高效利用技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Oxidative torrefaction-modulated preparation of biochar supported Ni catalysts for catalytic cracking of bio-oil heavy fractions 生物油重馏分催化裂化用生物炭负载镍催化剂的氧化反应调控制备

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107496

Zhiyuan Zhang, Feihao Shen, Xingwang Xi, Shuping Zhang

Addressing global warming and fossil fuel scarcity necessitates the valorization of biomass waste. This study developed a high-performance biochar supported Ni catalyst derived from nut shells via oxidative torrefaction pretreatment coupled with carbothermal reduction, targeting the low-temperature catalytic cracking of bio-oil heavy fractions. Results show that the oxidative torrefaction process significantly increased the phenols content in bio-oil produced by subsequent carbothermal reduction, while simultaneously reducing the content of furans. Simultaneously, the oxidative cross-linking degree of the carbon-based catalyst precursor was enhanced by oxidative torrefaction, the carbon skeleton structure was effectively regulated, and the catalyst's specific surface area was increased by 15 % (516 m²/g). Critically, oxidative torrefaction pretreatment markedly reduced the size of active Ni⁰ particles (from 30.27 nm to 19.75 nm), improved their dispersion, strengthened metal-support interaction, and increased the number of surface-active sites and oxygen-containing functional groups. Benefiting from these structural advantages, the optimized catalyst demonstrated outstanding performance in low-temperature (550 ℃) catalytic cracking of bio-oil heavy fraction, achieving a high conversion ratio of 77.83 % for bio-oil heavy fraction. Meanwhile, cyclic stability tests on the same catalyst Ni@C-250–20 % showed its catalytic efficiency gradually decreased with increasing number of cycles, yet remained at 69.32 % after five cycles. This work validates oxidative torrefaction as an effective strategy, offering a novel approach for designing low-cost, sustainable biochar supported metal catalysts for efficient low-temperature catalytic cracking of bio-oil heavy fraction.

要解决全球变暖和化石燃料短缺的问题，就必须使生物质废物增值。本研究以坚果壳为原料，通过氧化焙烧预处理和碳热还原制备了高性能生物炭负载镍催化剂，用于生物油重质馏分的低温催化裂化。结果表明，氧化焙烧过程显著提高了后续碳热还原生物油中酚类化合物的含量，同时降低了呋喃的含量。同时，通过氧化焙烧提高了碳基催化剂前驱体的氧化交联度，有效调节了碳骨架结构，催化剂的比表面积提高了15 %（516 m²/g）。关键是，氧化还原预处理显著降低了活性Ni⁰颗粒的尺寸（从30.27 nm到19.75 nm），改善了它们的分散性，加强了金属-载体相互作用，并增加了表面活性位点和含氧官能团的数量。利用这些结构优势，优化后的催化剂在生物油重质馏分低温（550℃）催化裂化中表现优异，生物油重质馏分的转化率高达77.83 %。同时，对同一催化剂Ni@C-250 -20 %的循环稳定性测试表明，随着循环次数的增加，其催化效率逐渐降低，循环5次后仍保持在69.32 %。这项工作验证了氧化焙烧是一种有效的策略，为设计低成本、可持续的生物炭负载金属催化剂提供了一种新的方法，用于高效低温催化裂化生物油重质馏分。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose of feedstock and pyrolytic temperature on the composition and properties of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter 原料木质素、半纤维素和纤维素及热解温度对生物炭衍生溶解有机物组成和性质的影响

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107572

Manrong Yu , Yining Gao , Ruiyi Wang , Weijia Wu , Jiao Qiu , Yuping Huang , Jingzi Beiyuan , Hu Cheng , Yan-ping Zhao , Zihang Cheng , Hailong Wang

Biochar has been widely applied across diverse fields, and its derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) is attracting growing research interest, particularly concerning the environmental fate and transport of various contaminants. However, systematic studies on BDOM produced from feedstocks with varying lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose contents under different pyrolysis temperatures are still limited. Differences in the pyrolysis behaviors of these components may lead to significant variations in the BDOM properties, thereby influencing its environmental behaviors and application. To address this knowledge gap, six types of agricultural waste—walnut shell (WAS), corn cob (CC), peanut shell (PS), rice husk (RH), wheat husk (WHS), and corn stalk (CS) with distinct lignocellulosic components—were selected as raw materials to produce biochars at 300°C, 400°C, and 500°C. BDOM was extracted and comprehensively characterized. The results indicate that in addition to pyrolysis temperature, lignocellulosic components also significantly affect the quantity, aromaticity, and composition of BDOM, particularly in biochars produced at lower temperature (≤400°C). A higher cellulose content promoted the release of more BDOM in biochars pyrolyzed at 400°C, as confirmed by the detection of fulvic-like and humic-like substances through fluorescence spectroscopy and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis. Additionally, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy highlighted oxygen-containing functional groups as the most temperature-sensitive structural features. This study not only provides systematic evidence of the importance of lignocellulosic components on the properties and composition of BDOM, but also offers new insights into the potential applications of biochar in environmental remediation.

生物炭已被广泛应用于各个领域，其衍生的溶解有机物（BDOM）引起了越来越多的研究兴趣，特别是涉及各种污染物的环境命运和运输。然而，在不同热解温度下，不同木质素、半纤维素和纤维素含量的原料制备BDOM的系统研究仍然有限。这些组分热解行为的差异可能导致BDOM性质的显著变化，从而影响其环境行为和应用。为了解决这一知识差距，研究人员选择了六种农业废弃物——核桃壳（WAS）、玉米芯（CC）、花生壳（PS）、稻壳（RH）、小麦壳（WHS）和玉米秸秆（CS），它们具有不同的木质纤维素成分——作为原料，在300°C、400°C和500°C下生产生物炭。提取BDOM并对其进行综合表征。结果表明，除热解温度外，木质纤维素组分也显著影响BDOM的数量、芳香性和组成，特别是在较低温度（≤400℃）生产的生物炭中。通过荧光光谱和三维荧光光谱结合平行因子分析检测黄腐钙样物质和腐殖质样物质，证实了纤维素含量越高，400℃热解的生物炭释放的BDOM越多。此外，二维相关光谱显示含氧官能团是对温度最敏感的结构特征。该研究不仅系统地证明了木质纤维素组分对BDOM性质和组成的重要性，而且为生物炭在环境修复中的潜在应用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Steam reforming mechanism of acetic acid for hydrogen production over the Ni/biochar catalyst: The effect of steam 镍/生物炭催化剂上醋酸制氢的蒸汽重整机理：蒸汽的影响

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107586

Han-xian Meng , Ji Liu , Zhi Zhou , Wen-tao Li , Bin Hu , Zhen-xi Zhang , Qiang Lu

The catalytic steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis vapors on Ni-doped biochar (Ni/biochar) is an attractive approach to produce hydrogen. However, pyrolysis vapors consist of complex components, and their reforming mechanism remains comprehensively unclear. In this work, the steam reforming mechanism of pyrolysis vapors over Ni/biochar with acetic acid as the model compound was studied by density functional theory (DFT), wave function analysis, and transition state theory (TST) methods. Particularly, the role of steam in this process was primarily discussed. Acetic acid tends to interact with Ni/biochar by its dissociative OH adsorption at the active carbon position. The decomposition of acetic acid for forming carbon oxides and hydrogen is initiated by its CC and CH homolysis. The activation energy for CC homolysis increases with adding steam adjacent to reactive sites, while its addition promotes the CH homolysis (reducing from 203 kJ/mol to 151.5 kJ/mol) at the set temperatures, enhancing the competitiveness of hydrogen formation. The reactions of steam with acetic acid and its decomposed intermediates primarily result in the formation of methane, followed by carbon monoxide and methanol. These results can provide theoretical insights for the improvement and optimization of the pyrolysis and reforming technology of biomass to produce hydrogen.

生物质热解蒸汽在Ni掺杂生物炭（Ni/biochar）上的催化蒸汽重整是一种有吸引力的制氢方法。然而，热解蒸汽由复杂的组分组成，其重整机制尚不完全清楚。本文采用密度泛函理论（DFT）、波函数分析和过渡态理论（TST）等方法，研究了以乙酸为模型化合物的Ni/生物炭热解蒸汽重整机理。重点讨论了蒸汽在这一过程中的作用。乙酸倾向于与Ni/生物炭相互作用，通过其在活性炭位置的解离OH吸附。醋酸分解生成碳氧化物和氢是由其CC和CH均解引起的。在反应位点附近加入蒸汽，CC均裂活化能增加，而在设定温度下，水蒸气的加入促进了CH均裂（从203 kJ/mol降低到151.5 kJ/mol），增强了CH的竞争性生成氢。蒸汽与乙酸及其分解的中间体的反应主要生成甲烷，其次是一氧化碳和甲醇。这些结果可为生物质热解重整制氢工艺的改进和优化提供理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Oxidative torrefaction of large biomass particle in a fixed-bed reactor 大颗粒生物质在固定床反应器中的氧化焙烧

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107592

Na Liu , Tianyu Lu , Yajing He , Qingfa Zhang , Mingfeng Wang , Weiwei Liu , Zhong Ma , Shihong Zhang , Haiping Yang , Bin Li

Oxidative torrefaction of large paulownia wood particle (12 ×12 ×12 mm) was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor, and the effects of oxygen concentration (0–21 vol%) and torrefaction temperature (200–290 °C) on the torrefaction process and product properties were investigated. The results showed that oxygen concentration was a dominant factor regulating the torrefaction process: as oxygen concentration increased from 0 to 21 vol% at 260 °C, the torrefied wood yield decreased from 80.32 wt% to 55.54 wt%, while the yields of torrefied gas and liquid increased significantly. Torrefied gas was dominated by CO₂ and CO, with low oxygen concentrations (≤10 vol%) favoring CO formation and high concentrations (≥15 vol%) promoting CO₂ generation. The synergy of higher temperature and oxygen further enhanced biomass thermal decomposition. A 5–15 vol% oxygen concentration was identified as optimal, yielding torrefied wood with elevated carbon content (up to 66.95 wt%), higher heating value (up to 26.91 MJ/kg), reduced H/C (0.73) and O/C (0.32) ratios, and enhanced aromaticity. Excessive oxygen (21 vol%) caused over-oxidation particularly at higher temperatures, resulting in a low energy yield of 55.59 %. This study clarifies the regulatory mechanisms of oxidative torrefaction for large biomass particle and provides critical data for its industrialization, suggesting that flue gas can be used as a cost-effective atmosphere and that matching temperature, residence time, and oxygen concentration is key to avoiding over-oxidation.

在固定床反应器中对大泡桐木颗粒（12 ×12 ×12 mm）进行了氧化焙烧，考察了氧浓度（0-21 vol%）和焙烧温度（200-290 °C）对焙烧过程和产物性能的影响。结果表明，氧浓度是调节碳化过程的主要因素，在260 ℃下，当氧浓度从0增加到21 vol%时，碳化木的产率从80.32 wt%下降到55.54 wt%，而碳化气和碳化液的产率则显著增加。碳化气体以CO2和CO为主，低氧浓度（≤10 vol%）有利于CO的形成，高浓度（≥15 vol%）促进CO2的生成。高温和氧气的协同作用进一步促进了生物质热分解。5-15 vol%的氧浓度被确定为最佳，得到的碳化木材具有较高的碳含量（高达66.95 wt%），较高的热值（高达26.91 MJ/kg），降低的H/C（0.73）和O/C（0.32）比，增强的芳香性。过量的氧气（21 vol%）引起过度氧化，特别是在较高温度下，导致55.59 %的低能量产率。该研究阐明了大型生物质颗粒氧化焙烧的调控机制，为其产业化提供了关键数据，表明烟气可以作为具有成本效益的气氛，匹配的温度、停留时间和氧浓度是避免过度氧化的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental impact and water footprint of biofuel production from microalgae biomass based on life cycle assessment 基于生命周期评估的微藻生物燃料生产的环境影响和水足迹

IF 6.2 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107535

Shannan Xu , Feng Tan , Zhe Zhang , Wanming Lu , Chuan Yuan , Mao Mu , Shuang Wang

Algae is a promising raw material for producing biofuels, which has sparked a lot of interest in the utilization process. Taking three pyrolytic utilization processes into consideration, this paper conducted three pyrolytic experiments of Chlorella (CV) to accurately evaluate the environmental impact and water resource consumption. The pyrolysis catalyzed by ZSM catalyst exhibited the smallest global warming potential (GWP: 25711.158 kg CO₂ eq/t biofuel) and water resource consumption (WCP: 1716.010 m³/t biofuel). All the three processes integrated with hydrogenation process, which requires hydrogen. However, hydrogen production from pyrolytic gas has the greatest portion GWP at the three processes. Instead, if the hydrogen was meted by green hydrogen from renewable electricity, GWP and WCP can be reduced by up to 16 % and 4 %, respectively. In order to comprehensively evaluate the impact on the environment and water consumption, a reasonable plan for preparing biofuels in provinces with high algae yields was calculated and evaluated. Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hubei are selected as the oil producing provinces in each region in the article. The whole life cycle assessment results of this paper can be used as a reference for the subsequent algal oil production program in China.

藻类是一种很有前途的生产生物燃料的原料，这引起了人们对其利用过程的极大兴趣。考虑到三种热解利用工艺，本文对小球藻（CV）进行了三次热解实验，以准确评价其对环境的影响和对水资源的消耗。ZSM催化剂催化的热解表现出最小的全球变暖潜势（GWP: 25711.158 kg CO2当量/t生物燃料）和水资源消耗（WCP: 1716.010 m3/t生物燃料）。这三个过程都与加氢过程相结合，加氢过程需要氢气。然而，在这三个过程中，热解气制氢的GWP比例最大。相反，如果氢是由可再生电力产生的绿色氢来满足的，GWP和WCP可以分别减少16% %和4% %。为了综合评价其对环境和用水量的影响，计算并评价了在藻类高产省份合理的生物燃料制备方案。本文选取新疆、黑龙江、江苏、广东、广西、湖北作为各区域的产油省。本文的全生命周期评价结果可为中国后续的藻类采油方案提供参考。

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引用次数: 0