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Global, Continental, and Regional Development Agendas – What Does It Mean to Domesticate or Localise These? 全球、大陆和区域发展议程——本土化或本地化意味着什么?
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.531
Lusanda Batala
The domestication of regional, continental and global development agendas can be confusing, leading to one concluding that these are either an addition to or a replacing of, a country's national development plan. What do these various development agendas mean for a country like South Africa versus the country's domestic development focus as espoused in the National Development Plan (NDP)? What does domestication of the various agendas mean? The key idea to note here is that domestication is not about replacing a country's development agenda with a regional or continental or global development agenda. What is important is to ensure that there is alignment of the domestic plan (objectives, priorities) with those of the rest of the world, the continent and the region.  Global, continental and regional agendas are not separate programmes. They are part of the National Development Plan. South Africa's implementation of its own development plan indirectly implements other development agendas.
区域、大陆和全球发展议程的本土化可能令人困惑,导致人们得出结论,这些议程要么是对一个国家的国家发展计划的补充,要么是对其的替代。与国家发展计划(NDP)所支持的国内发展重点相比,这些不同的发展议程对南非这样的国家意味着什么?各种议程的驯化意味着什么?这里需要注意的关键思想是,本土化不是用区域、大陆或全球发展议程取代一个国家的发展议程。重要的是要确保国内计划(目标、优先事项)与世界其他国家、非洲大陆和该地区的计划保持一致。全球、大陆和区域议程不是单独的方案。它们是国家发展计划的一部分。南非实施自己的发展计划间接地实施了其他发展议程。
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引用次数: 0
The Dilemma of Vulnerable Groups During Lockdown: Implications for Social Work Education and Practice in Ghana 封锁期间弱势群体的困境:对加纳社会工作教育和实践的启示
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.532
John Boulard Forkuor, Charles Selorm Deku, Eric Agyemang
The Covid-19 pandemic has created socio-economic challenges for countries globally and has touched lives in some of the world’s most remote areas. While other countries have been proactive in addressing these challenges, I fear that Ghana, and to an extent most of sub-Saharan Africa, have failed to adequately prepare for and anticipate these challenges. This reflective essay discusses the paradoxes that the pandemic and the measures used to curb it have created for two vulnerable groups: informal economy workers and women and children in abusive relationships. I introduce the essay with a reflective account of the relevance and practicality of social work education and practice in Ghana in light of the ongoing pandemic. Subsequently, I focus on the two aforementioned vulnerable groups. I present a reflective account of how the challenges that emerged from this pandemic create new opportunities for my work as a social work educator and also for practice with these groups in Ghana.
2019冠状病毒病大流行给全球各国带来了社会经济挑战,并影响到世界上一些最偏远地区的生活。虽然其他国家积极主动地应对这些挑战,但我担心,加纳以及撒哈拉以南非洲的大部分国家,未能为这些挑战做好充分的准备和预测。这篇反思性文章讨论了流行病及其遏制措施给两个弱势群体造成的矛盾:非正规经济工作者和处于虐待关系中的妇女和儿童。鉴于目前的流行病,我在介绍这篇文章时,反思了加纳社会工作教育和实践的相关性和实用性。随后,我将重点关注上述两个弱势群体。我对这次大流行带来的挑战如何为我作为一名社会工作教育者的工作以及在加纳与这些群体的实践创造了新的机会进行了反思。
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引用次数: 0
New Book: Ideas and Actionable Steps for Scaling Africa’s Blue Economy Strategy 新书:扩大非洲蓝色经济战略的思路和可行步骤
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.537
Francis Onditi, Douglas Yates, Narnia Bohler-Muller
Illusions of Location Theory: Consequences for Blue Economy in Africa, a new book edited by Dr. Francis Onditi and Prof. Douglas Yates, with a foreword by Prof. Narnia Bohler-Muller, is finally published and can now be ordered from global leading platforms, including Amazon.The subject of the blue economy is fast emerging both as a concept and practice. Within the African Union development envisioning, the blue economy ecosystem is considered as a strategy towards revamping the Agenda 2063. Due to its expansion in the policy realm and the academy, the scope and debate have considerably widened. This evolution has triggered fundamental questions: What does it mean for environmental sustainability? What does it mean for inclusivity in the exploitation of the blue economy ecosystem? These are some of the questions the current blue economy framework and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) (established in 1982) seek to address (Bueger, 2017). However, there is more to the shareability and exploitation of the blue economy than these policy and legal frameworks, an extra dimension that can be housed in the geopolitical and diplomatic works that showcase the experiences of landlocked states and how states are/or aren’t resolving disputes emerging from the changing boundaries and resource locations triggered by natural forces and environmental change.
由Francis Onditi博士和Douglas Yates教授编辑、由Narnia Bohler-Muller教授作序的新书《位置理论的幻想:非洲蓝色经济的后果》终于出版,现在可以在包括亚马逊在内的全球领先平台上订购。蓝色经济的概念和实践正在迅速兴起。在非洲联盟的发展设想中,蓝色经济生态系统被视为修订《2063年议程》的一项战略。由于其在政策领域和学术界的扩展,其范围和争论范围都大大扩大。这种演变引发了一些根本性的问题:这对环境的可持续性意味着什么?这对开发蓝色经济生态系统的包容性意味着什么?这些都是当前蓝色经济框架和《联合国海洋法公约》(1982年成立)试图解决的一些问题(Bueger, 2017)。然而,除了这些政策和法律框架之外,蓝色经济的可共享性和利用还有更多的内容,这是地缘政治和外交著作中可以包含的一个额外维度,这些著作展示了内陆国家的经验,以及各国如何解决由自然力量和环境变化引发的边界和资源位置变化所产生的争端。
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引用次数: 0
The Necessary Accidental 必要的意外
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.527
Ashraf Jamal
This essay on William Kentridge’s ideas and practice, in particular regarding his multi-media theatrical works, was prompted by a visit to Zeitz MOCAA to see his retrospective in 2019. Watching a documentary on the making of the ‘The Head and The Load’, I was struck by the production’s frenzied energy, and the exhaustive attempt to break down any predictive or conclusive vision. This has always been Kentridge’s approach – his animated works are exercises in a deconstructive erasure. I have addressed this matter elsewhere, in my essay ‘Faith in a Practical Epistemology: On Collective Creativity in Theatre’ (Predicaments of Culture in South Africa, 2005), but on this occasion, while watching the documentary, it was Nietzsche’s view in Contra Wagner which proved the trigger, namely, that ‘Wagner’s art is sick. The problems he brings to the stage – purely hysteric’s problems – the convulsiveness of his affects, his over-charged sensibility … the instability he disguises as a principle’. While Kentridge does not share Wagner’s reactionary ideology, I argue that there is a connection between the two whose root lies in a decadent sensibility. And the peculiarly late-modern Western crisis that underlies it.
这篇关于威廉·肯特里奇的思想和实践的文章,特别是关于他的多媒体戏剧作品,是在参观2019年蔡茨当代艺术博物馆的回顾展后产生的。在观看《头与负荷》(the Head and the Load)制作过程中的纪录片时,我被剧组疯狂的精力和打破任何预测性或结论性愿景的详尽尝试所打动。这一直是肯特里奇的方法——他的动画作品是解构主义抹除的练习。我已经在其他地方讨论过这个问题,在我的文章“实践认识论的信仰:关于戏剧中的集体创造力”(南非文化困境,2005),但在这个场合,当观看纪录片时,尼采在《反瓦格纳》中的观点证明了触发因素,即“瓦格纳的艺术是病态的”。他带到舞台上的问题——纯粹歇斯底里的问题——他的情感的痉挛,他过度的感性……他伪装成原则的不稳定。”虽然肯特里奇并不认同瓦格纳的反动思想,但我认为这两者之间存在着一种联系,其根源在于一种颓废的情感。以及其背后的近代西方特有的危机。
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引用次数: 0
For Engineering to Champion Future Industrial Revolutions, It Must Look to the Past 工程学要赢得未来工业革命的胜利,就必须回顾过去
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.533
Edward Chikuni
This article discusses Engineering and the Engineer in an informal way intended to attract the attention of engineering educators, industry professionals and students. By tracing the definition term “Engineer” to ancient Greek which translates to genius, it is hoped that those of us who are engineers or those that intend to become engineers will be made aware of the respect and reverence which National Leaders have had bestowed upon them, through all industrial resolutions. Indeed, Some National Leaders have been Engineers and Scientists themselves. The article gives some early examples of geniuses of ancient Egypt and latterly those in Europe, Asia and the United States. The article discloses that what we call STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) was in fact not new and gives examples of Thomas Edison and Benjamin Franklin of the United States. With these examples, it is hoped that Engineers will embrace roles in public life and national governance. The article goes into particular depth the importance of a broadened curriculum, bemoaning the present trend of overspecialization. Here the article gives an example of the curriculum he himself followed in the 1970’s. In what can be called an autobiographical sketch, the article describes his own experience as a Trainee / Graduate Engineer with the National Railways of Zimbabwe, which had a solid training reputation, especially during the 1980’s. In this sketch, the importance of humility, order, and adherence to professionalisms are recommended as part of the repertoire to a future successful Engineer.
本文以一种非正式的方式讨论工程和工程师,旨在吸引工程教育者、行业专业人士和学生的注意。通过追溯“工程师”一词的定义,“工程师”一词源于古希腊语,意为天才,希望我们这些工程师或打算成为工程师的人能够意识到国家领导人通过所有工业决议赋予他们的尊重和崇敬。事实上,一些国家领导人本身就是工程师和科学家。本文列举了古埃及早期天才和欧洲、亚洲和美国后期天才的一些例子。这篇文章揭示了我们所说的STEAM(科学、技术、工程、艺术和数学)实际上并不新鲜,并以美国的托马斯·爱迪生和本杰明·富兰克林为例。通过这些例子,我们希望工程师能够在公共生活和国家治理中发挥作用。文章特别深入地探讨了拓宽课程的重要性,哀叹了目前过度专业化的趋势。这篇文章给出了他自己在70年代所遵循的课程的一个例子。这篇文章可以说是一篇自传体小品,描述了他在津巴布韦国家铁路公司担任实习/研究生工程师的经历,该公司在培训方面享有很高的声誉,尤其是在20世纪80年代。在这个草图中,谦逊、秩序和坚持专业的重要性被推荐为未来成功工程师的曲目的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurship Development Among Black Youths in South Africa: A Choice or Neccesity? 南非黑人青年创业发展:选择还是需要?
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.529
Thulani Andrew Chauke
Black-youth-owned enterprises are essential to sustainable development and wealth creation for rural-based municipalities like the Vhembe District Municipality, where they can play a pivotal role in economic growth. This paper aims to explore the socio-economic determinates of entrepreneurship trends among Black youths in the Vhembe District Municipality. The investigation focused on youths living in the Vhembe District Municipality in Limpopo province, South Africa. The study used judgmental non-probability sampling to sample the participants. The study used qualitative research to collect and analyse data. The unstructured interview was used to gather data from the participants. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data collected. The study findings revealed that Black youths in the Vhembe District decided to be entrepreneurs to empower their communities, escape underemployment and scarcity of jobs, create jobs, and stimulate economic growth. The paper recommends that the Department of Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities in the Presidency, in collaboration with the Department of Small Business Enterprise Development and the National Youth Development Agency, should provide a two-year internship for young Black entrepreneurs in foreign companies that specialize in mining, technology, creative industries, and agriculture. When these Black youth return home, the government should set aside a Presidential Youth Fund to assist them to start their own businesses in the same industry.
黑人青年拥有的企业对于Vhembe区等农村城市的可持续发展和财富创造至关重要,它们可以在经济增长中发挥关键作用。本文旨在探讨Vhembe区市黑人青年创业趋势的社会经济决定因素。调查的重点是生活在南非林波波省Vhembe区市的年轻人。该研究采用判断性非概率抽样对参与者进行抽样。该研究采用定性研究来收集和分析数据。非结构化访谈用于收集参与者的数据。专题分析用于分析收集到的数据。研究结果显示,Vhembe地区的黑人青年决定成为企业家,以赋予他们的社区权力,摆脱就业不足和工作短缺,创造就业机会,刺激经济增长。该文件建议,总统妇女、青年和残疾人部应与小企业发展部和国家青年发展署合作,为专门从事采矿、技术、创意产业和农业的外国公司的年轻黑人企业家提供为期两年的实习机会。当这些黑人青年回国后,政府应该设立总统青年基金,帮助他们在同一行业创业。
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引用次数: 0
‘What’s Your Story?’ Building Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion “你有什么故事?”“建设多元化、公平和包容
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.530
Candice Harrison-Train, Carmel Marock, Sally Field
Diversity, equity, and inclusion (EDI) are critical issues for leaders, communities, and organisations. Throughout history, telling stories has been a method for people to make sense of their environment, organise experiences and ideas, and communicate with their community to create shared understanding. Heartlines, a South African centre for values promotion, developed ‘What’s Your Story?’ (WYS) – a simple, yet effective initiative to build greater understanding, cohesion, trust, and reconciliation through the sharing of stories. An external evaluation of the programme used a mix of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods to assess WYS implementation in church communities and workplaces. The study showed strong evidence that being exposed to WYS results in positive changes at the level of the individual, within churches, workplaces or other organisations, and in the wider community. The findings demonstrated that WYS enhanced empathic skills and suggests that this is a useful approach to enhancing appreciation of diversity and building inclusivity.
多样性、公平和包容(EDI)是领导者、社区和组织的关键问题。纵观历史,讲故事一直是人们理解环境、组织经验和想法、与社区沟通以达成共识的一种方法。南非价值观推广中心Heartlines开发了“你的故事是什么?”(WYS) -一个简单而有效的倡议,通过分享故事来建立更多的理解、凝聚力、信任和和解。该方案的外部评估使用了定性和定量评估方法的混合来评估WYS在教会社区和工作场所的实施情况。研究表明,有强有力的证据表明,接触WYS会在个人层面、教堂、工作场所或其他组织以及更广泛的社区中产生积极的变化。研究结果表明,WYS提高了移情技能,并表明这是提高对多样性的欣赏和建立包容性的有用方法。
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引用次数: 0
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) In Africa: Challenges and Prospects 在非洲实现可持续发展目标:挑战与前景
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.535
Kennedy Mahlatsi
The implication of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development is that Africa’s structural transformation must be anchored by the principles of sustainable development. It is noted that Agenda 2030 does not provide political economy approach to understanding the genesis and cycles of poverty and inequality. The article further noted that Africa lags most significantly behind in its achievement of the SDGs, with a lower percent of countries achieving target by 2030 than any other region. Only limited progress towards achieving human development related SDGs is likely. However, due to their strong inclusivity focus, the SDGs present a better opportunity to involve more effectively different stakeholders. Achieving 2030 Agenda and Agenda 2063 calls for the African Union to focus more on implementation and follow up mechanisms, using monitoring frameworks that are robust enough to translate strategies into concrete development outcomes. The article argues that neoliberalism undermines the ability of developing countries in achieving sustainable development because of its emphasis in promoting the interest of the market at the expense of social and environment development. The article proposes the sustainable development model, which integrates economic, environmental and social objectives, to fully replace current growth-led models. To achieve pro-poor growth, countries must develop policies that have the potential of increasing growth and reducing poverty simultaneously. The article concludes that it is impossible to eradicate poverty without radically changing the system of global industrial capitalist production. In addition, Africa must develop holistic and all-encompassing approach with a view to achieving of SDGs while reformulating the short-term and mid-term policies during and the post-COVID period. Achieving the objective of eradicating extreme poverty and leaving no one behind by 2030 will be difficult if corruption and other development challenges are not seriously tackled.
《2030年可持续发展议程》的含义是,非洲的结构转型必须以可持续发展原则为基础。值得注意的是,《2030年议程》没有提供政治经济学方法来理解贫困和不平等的起源和循环。文章进一步指出,非洲在实现可持续发展目标方面最为落后,到2030年实现目标的国家比例低于其他任何地区。在实现与人类发展相关的可持续发展目标方面,可能只会取得有限的进展。然而,由于其强烈的包容性重点,可持续发展目标提供了一个更好的机会,让不同的利益相关者更有效地参与进来。实现《2030年议程》和《2063年议程》要求非洲联盟更加注重落实和后续机制,使用足够强大的监测框架,将战略转化为具体的发展成果。这篇文章认为,新自由主义削弱了发展中国家实现可持续发展的能力,因为它强调以牺牲社会和环境发展为代价来促进市场利益。文章提出了综合经济、环境和社会目标的可持续发展模式,以全面取代目前以增长为主导的模式。为了实现有利于贫困人口的增长,各国必须制定有可能同时促进增长和减少贫困的政策。文章的结论是,不从根本上改变全球工业资本主义生产体系,就不可能消除贫困。此外,非洲必须制定全面和无所不包的方法,以实现可持续发展目标,同时重新制定疫情期间和疫情后的短期和中期政策。如果不认真应对腐败和其他发展挑战,到2030年消除极端贫困和不让任何一个人掉队的目标将难以实现。
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引用次数: 0
Book Interview: Post-Apartheid Same-Sex Sexualities: Restless Identities in Literary and Visual Culture, by Andy Carolin 图书采访:后种族隔离时代的同性性行为:文学和视觉文化中不安分的身份,安迪·卡洛林著
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.536
Leila Hall, Andy Carolin
Leila Hall – a PhD student in the Department of English at the University of Johannesburg (UJ) and Assistant Editor of The Thinker – talks to Dr. Andy Carolin, Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Education at UJ, about his recently published book, Post-Apartheid Same-Sex Sexualities: Restless Identities in Literary and Visual Culture (Routledge, 2021).
Leila Hall -约翰内斯堡大学(UJ)英英系的博士生和the Thinker的助理编辑-与UJ教育学院的高级讲师Andy Carolin博士谈论他最近出版的书,后种族隔离的同性性行为:文学和视觉文化中的不安身份(Routledge, 2021)。
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引用次数: 0
I (Don’t) See You: Absence, Omissions, and Spectrality in the Works of Ishtiyaq Shukri 《我(看不见)你:Ishtiyaq Shukri作品中的缺席、遗漏和幽灵性
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v87i2.528
Iqra Raza
This paper studies the representation of the Muslim body (within the context of the War on Terror) as an instance of disembodied subjectivity that haunts through the remnants of its presence, via a close textual analysis of Ishtiyaq Shukri’s novels The Silent Minaret (2005) and I See You (2014). The paper examines the corporeal absence within the said texts as a template for understanding the modus operandi of the necropolitical regime and the extremities of state violence it implies. It explores the implications of spectrality within texts saturated by instances of taxonomical categorisations of the body and examines spectrality alongside the implications of absences and omissions in order to reveal how the three interact and inform each other. Conceptualising spectrality as the dominant mode of writing for post-9/11 novels, the paper engages with Derrida’s work on deferred mourning in relation to spectres, offering a new paradigm for an understanding of the post-9/11 Muslim experience.
本文通过对Ishtiyaq Shukri的小说《寂静的尖塔》(2005)和《我看见你》(2014)的文本分析,研究了穆斯林身体(在反恐战争的背景下)作为一种无实体的主体性的表现,这种主体性在其存在的残余中萦绕。本文考察了上述文本中的身体缺失,作为理解死亡政治政权的运作方式和它所暗示的国家暴力的极端的模板。它探讨了由身体分类学分类实例饱和的文本中的频谱性的含义,并检查了频谱性以及缺席和遗漏的含义,以揭示三者如何相互作用并相互通知。将幽灵性概念化为后9/11小说的主要写作模式,本文涉及德里达关于与幽灵有关的延迟哀悼的作品,为理解后9/11穆斯林的经历提供了一个新的范例。
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引用次数: 1
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