Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1169
D. Uwizeyimana
This article evaluates the contributions that have been made by Black Africans (in Africa and the diaspora) to the different industrialrevolutions. The methodology used in this research was mainly qualitative. The findings confirm that Black Africans had achieved technological advances before the arrival of Western and Eastern slave traders and colonialism in Africa, and had made substantialcontributions to the pre-industrial revolution and the first industrial revolution. Even though slavery and colonisation halted further technological innovation and advancements, there is strong evidence to suggest that Black Africans are currently contributing to theFourth Industrial Revolution. Impressive innovations are coming from Africa. African leaders must support Africans’ technological innovations through funding, proper training, and availing raw materials for them to contribute to the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
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Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1175
P. Bond
South Africans really must confront two conjoined crises that affect both the majority here, and the vast majority next door in Mozambique. First, the climate catastrophe’s amplification due to rising dependency upon Liquefied Natural Gas (which is more than 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide in coming decades), leaving our neighbour as the world’s fourth worst-affected country since 2000, at a time when South Africa is already the third-highest greenhouse gas emitter per person/ GDP among major countries. Second, the deplorable trajectory of Pretoria’s sub-imperialist adventurism, now represented by the army’s deployment in CaboDelgado province in order to promote gas drilling by multinational corporations. In part because of the corrupt, repressive Maputo government, many Southern African civil society organisations regularly appeal for an end to both Mozambique’s ‘blood methane’ war and, behind it, the fossil fuel extraction that amplifies the climate crisis. The innovative demand is for Global-North payment of climate reparations to victims of extreme weather, plus financial compensation so as to leave the world’s fourth-largest gas ftield unexploited. Against these arguments and movements, there is a vociferous South African lobby—which can be termed ‘laptop bombardiers’—ignoring or brazenly dismissing both crises: climate and the danger of further sub-imperial mishaps. It is long overdue to confront this lobby by objecting to damaging fossil fuels and militarism, and call it to account for the vast ethical lapses in their analyses.
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Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1181
Robyn Williams, Lisa Otto
Contributors to this edition
本期撰稿人
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Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1171
Robyn Williams, Lisa Otto
Iran and the United States (U.S.) have had a volatile relationship for decades, with continuous threats of violence, sanctions, and internet blocks. In the last decade, we have seen a third force at play as technology becomes an integral aspect of diplomatic relations. The last three U.S. administrations have displayed mixed attempts at salvaging diplomatic relations with Iran. This article explores how artificial intelligence driven communication can be a critical tool in improving the relationship between the two states. Utilising a desktop research approach, exploring primary and secondary literature, this article explores possible artificial intelligence solutions to improve the communicational aspect in the public diplomacy between Iran and the U.S. It is evident that artificial intelligence has had negative implications on the public diplomacy between the two states as we witness the increasing use of deep-fakes and websiteblocks. However, processes such as natural language understanding allows governments to have more targeted foreign policy objectives and language translation creates a direct and enhanced line of communication between the state and foreign audience.
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Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1177
Temitope Fagunwa
Intellectuals are the threads that hold societies together. They form the basis upon which the making and unmaking of the future of societies are built. In fact, it is almost impossible to assess the progression of earliest societies without considerations of the transformative roles of individuals with inimitable intellectual skills and essence. This article will attempt a preliminary study on the socio-cultural and political tasks of intellectuals in neo-colonial Africa. Since there is a nexus between colonial domination vis-àvisthe production and consumption of knowledge, the existence of neo-colonial Africa thus presents a society whose intellectuals are behind in the fulfilment of their historical task. The dominance of Western liberal epistemologies and methodologies across the purported African academy have precluded, to a reasonable extent, the existence of ‘African’ intellectuals whose mission ordinarily ought to be related to the actualisation of the African revolution. Nkrumah has argued that in birthing a revolutionised postcolonial Africa—a society free from all forces of capitalism and neo-colonialism—the intellectuals are destined for an important role. Chomsky has echoed this position when he posited that there has to be a connection between scholarship and activism. By exploring the socio-political activities of the ‘mighty giant’ Professor Ayodele Oluwatuminu Awojobi, this article examines the mandate of ‘African’ intellectuals as both the ‘producers of ideas’ and ‘workers for ideas’. Through the exploration of existing primary and secondary sources, this article argues that postcolonial African intellectuals have the duty of being inspired by the revolutionary life and works of the activistscholar Ayodele Awojobi. The ultimate submission of this article is that scholarship cannot only be an arena for rhetoric, but must also be committed to the production of pragmatic thoughts, ideas, and actions that have the capacity of transforming the prevailing repellent social conditions and realities of the vast majority of the downtrodden African masses.
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Advocates and critics of literature on Pan-Africanism stand to studiously benefit from this contemporary book on the theme of Pan-Africanism, meticulously edited by Nigerian scholar Adekeye Adebajo. For the record, Adebajo is the incumbent Director of the Institute for Pan-African Thought and Conversation at the University of Johannesburg (UJ). When contextualised, this edited text is certainly a welcome addition to the discourse on Pan-Africanism. This book adroitly adds to contributions made by other scholars who have also addressed the theme of Pan-Africanism. A sample of preceding texts include Hakim Adi and Marika Sherwood’s Pan-Africanism History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787 (2003), followed by Guy Martin’s African Political Thought (2012), and Marika Sherwood’s Origins of Pan-Africanism: Henry Sylvester Williams, Africa, and the African Diaspora (2012). Observably, Adebajo’s text shares the same publication year as African-American Reiland Rabaka’s edited volume The Routledge Handbook of Pan-Africanism (2020). From this list of scholars, one may justly opine that the theme of Pan-Africanism has been addressed by scholars from around the world.
{"title":"The Pan-African Pantheon","authors":"T. Moloi","doi":"10.7765/9781526156839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526156839","url":null,"abstract":"Advocates and critics of literature on Pan-Africanism stand to studiously benefit from this contemporary book on the theme of Pan-Africanism, meticulously edited by Nigerian scholar Adekeye Adebajo. For the record, Adebajo is the incumbent Director of the Institute for Pan-African Thought and Conversation at the University of Johannesburg (UJ). When contextualised, this edited text is certainly a welcome addition to the discourse on Pan-Africanism. This book adroitly adds to contributions made by other scholars who have also addressed the theme of Pan-Africanism. A sample of preceding texts include Hakim Adi and Marika Sherwood’s Pan-Africanism History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora since 1787 (2003), followed by Guy Martin’s African Political Thought (2012), and Marika Sherwood’s Origins of Pan-Africanism: Henry Sylvester Williams, Africa, and the African Diaspora (2012). Observably, Adebajo’s text shares the same publication year as African-American Reiland Rabaka’s edited volume The Routledge Handbook of Pan-Africanism (2020). From this list of scholars, one may justly opine that the theme of Pan-Africanism has been addressed by scholars from around the world.","PeriodicalId":34673,"journal":{"name":"The Thinker","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90684675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1174
Bhaso Ndzendze, T. Marwala
This article reviews the insights made throughout this volume by the contributors and notes the myriad ways the articles haveadvanced our knowledge, on their own and in the aggregate. It also reviews the potential for further incorporating 4IR technologies into the political science methodological arsenal and making a case for theory-building inquiry on account of, and through, the emerging technologies as the next frontier in this expanding discipline.
{"title":"Conclusion: Towards a General Theory of Technology and Politics?","authors":"Bhaso Ndzendze, T. Marwala","doi":"10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1174","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the insights made throughout this volume by the contributors and notes the myriad ways the articles haveadvanced our knowledge, on their own and in the aggregate. It also reviews the potential for further incorporating 4IR technologies into the political science methodological arsenal and making a case for theory-building inquiry on account of, and through, the emerging technologies as the next frontier in this expanding discipline.","PeriodicalId":34673,"journal":{"name":"The Thinker","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85232049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1173
Samantha Layton-Matthews, C. Landsberg
In recent decades, the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has added a new dimension to change and has been exponential in its development. It is important to understand its effects in various environments, particularly the opportunities and challenges it bringsto public sector functioning, where there needs to be a greater drive towards innovative service delivery. This article explores 4IR within the context of public sector service delivery, focusing on South Africa as a developmental nation. It examines technologicaladvancements of 4IR in line with some of the aims of local government, particularly in its mandate to be more responsive and effective in its service delivery. It also establishes how 4IR platforms are being adopted for effective citizen engagement, which is an essentialgoal of service delivery within the sphere of local government. It examines some of the gaps that need to be addressed around the essential practicalities required to integrate 4IR effectively and explores the readiness of the general public sector environment torespond to the demands of 4IR. Key factors regarding what is needed to create a more enabling environment for local government service delivery and its prevalent developmental constraints are also discussed.
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Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1176
A. V. van Breda
Covid-19 poses the greatest challenges for effective leadership in many years. Covid-19 undermines the deepest security we feelas humans and disables people’s capacity to work and create. This opinion piece argues that leaders should not merely hold on until Covid-19 passes, but rather learn the lessons Covid-19 wishes to teach us. In so doing, leaders become resilient to adversity and can facilitate the resilience of employees, teams, and organisations. This article addresses these lessons in relation to our common humanity, the centrality of relationships, the vital importance of spirituality, and the need for structure to enable productivity.
{"title":"Building Resilient Leadership","authors":"A. V. van Breda","doi":"10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v90i1.1176","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 poses the greatest challenges for effective leadership in many years. Covid-19 undermines the deepest security we feelas humans and disables people’s capacity to work and create. This opinion piece argues that leaders should not merely hold on until Covid-19 passes, but rather learn the lessons Covid-19 wishes to teach us. In so doing, leaders become resilient to adversity and can facilitate the resilience of employees, teams, and organisations. This article addresses these lessons in relation to our common humanity, the centrality of relationships, the vital importance of spirituality, and the need for structure to enable productivity.","PeriodicalId":34673,"journal":{"name":"The Thinker","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74291333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.36615/thethinker.v89i4.733
Tlhabane M. Dan Motaung
Ethnic identity has continued to undermine national unity and integration across post-colonial Africa, and South Africa seems to be no exception. Post-apartheid South Africa has been bedevilled by the spectre of ethnic politics in a way which shows the durability of toxic ethnicity. Ethnic identities in Africa and South Africa in particular, were forged by colonial powers and apartheid (in the case of the latter) through identity construction and the classic strategy of divide and rule. Fluid pre-colonial social ‘identities’ were recast and calcified into hide-bound, immutable and toxic ethnicity that was invested with a separatist consciousness underwritten by corresponding differential economic livelihoods. This study argues for the need to dig deeper into history to understand the state of pre-colonial identities and how colonial designs constructed the latter to undermine resistance by indigenous people and therefore to perpetuate its domination.
{"title":"Colonialism and Historical Imagination","authors":"Tlhabane M. Dan Motaung","doi":"10.36615/thethinker.v89i4.733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v89i4.733","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnic identity has continued to undermine national unity and integration across post-colonial Africa, and South Africa seems to be no exception. Post-apartheid South Africa has been bedevilled by the spectre of ethnic politics in a way which shows the durability of toxic ethnicity. Ethnic identities in Africa and South Africa in particular, were forged by colonial powers and apartheid (in the case of the latter) through identity construction and the classic strategy of divide and rule. Fluid pre-colonial social ‘identities’ were recast and calcified into hide-bound, immutable and toxic ethnicity that was invested with a separatist consciousness underwritten by corresponding differential economic livelihoods. This study argues for the need to dig deeper into history to understand the state of pre-colonial identities and how colonial designs constructed the latter to undermine resistance by indigenous people and therefore to perpetuate its domination.","PeriodicalId":34673,"journal":{"name":"The Thinker","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76067991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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