Introduction: To investigate the intention of older Brazilian adults to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, to find out their perception of the older adults' fragility to the virus, and to know their opinion on the progress of the national immunization plan against COVID-19. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out through semi-structured telephone calls with 32 participants (aged 60–89), between February and March 2021. Data were analyzed thematically, emerging three major themes. Results: Most participants expressed concern about the vulnerability of their immune system to the coronavirus, and dissatisfaction with the organization of the national immunization plan. Strong criticism was leveled at the leadership of the President of the Republic due to his resistance to vaccination and encouraging the use of hydroxychloroquine. Conclusion: The vast majority of respondents reported an intention to receive the vaccine. The short time for the production of vaccines generated distrust with its effectiveness. All expressed dissatisfaction with the organization of the national immunization plan, and agreed that after the pandemic, their lives and the world will no longer be as before.
{"title":"“I believe in science and in all vaccines:” Older adult and the intention for a vaccine against COVID-19","authors":"M. Nascimento, Allysson Nunes, Luciano Juchem","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To investigate the intention of older Brazilian adults to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, to find out their perception of the older adults' fragility to the virus, and to know their opinion on the progress of the national immunization plan against COVID-19. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out through semi-structured telephone calls with 32 participants (aged 60–89), between February and March 2021. Data were analyzed thematically, emerging three major themes. Results: Most participants expressed concern about the vulnerability of their immune system to the coronavirus, and dissatisfaction with the organization of the national immunization plan. Strong criticism was leveled at the leadership of the President of the Republic due to his resistance to vaccination and encouraging the use of hydroxychloroquine. Conclusion: The vast majority of respondents reported an intention to receive the vaccine. The short time for the production of vaccines generated distrust with its effectiveness. All expressed dissatisfaction with the organization of the national immunization plan, and agreed that after the pandemic, their lives and the world will no longer be as before.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Payam Rashnuodi, M. Nourollahi-Darabad, D. Afshari, G. Shirali, A. Amiri, Ehsan Rotkhali, Zohreh Shabgard
Introduction: Resilience is one of the competencies that enable nurses to adapt to stressful risk factors at work and demonstrate a healthy and stable psychological performance. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive role of resilience on job stress among Iranian nurses. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted in Ahvaz, Iran, with participation of 200 nurses in May 2019. Participants were recruited via stratified random sampling. The resilience indicators and job stress data were collected by the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and OSIPOW Job Stress Questionnaire. Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between resilience and job stress (r = −0.824, P < 0.05). Similarly, a significant linear regression existed between job stress and resilience (β = −0.824, P < 0.05) in such a way that resilience predicted 67.9% of the job stress variance in the participants (R2 = 0.679). In addition, it was revealed that the multi-aspect model could significantly predict job stress based on linear resilience indicators (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that resilience indicators have a significant relationship with job stress, and this relationship can be used to predict changes in job stress based on resilience. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that resilience improvement programs should be developed and implemented for nurses.
简介:弹性是一种能力，使护士能够适应工作中的压力风险因素，并表现出健康和稳定的心理表现。本研究旨在探讨心理弹性对伊朗护士工作压力的预测作用。方法:目前的横断面研究于2019年5月在伊朗阿瓦士进行，有200名护士参与。参与者采用分层随机抽样方式招募。采用Connor-Davidson弹性量表和OSIPOW工作压力问卷收集弹性指标和工作压力数据。结果:心理弹性与工作压力呈显著负相关(r = - 0.824, P < 0.05)。同样，工作压力与心理弹性之间也存在显著的线性回归(β = - 0.824, P < 0.05)，心理弹性预测了67.9%的工作压力方差(R2 = 0.679)。此外，基于线性弹性指标的多面向模型能够显著预测工作压力(P < 0.05)。结论:心理弹性指标与工作压力之间存在显著的相关关系，这种关系可用于预测基于心理弹性的工作压力变化。因此，强烈建议为护士制定和实施弹性改善计划。
{"title":"The effect of resilience indicators on the job stress level among nurses: A predictor study","authors":"Payam Rashnuodi, M. Nourollahi-Darabad, D. Afshari, G. Shirali, A. Amiri, Ehsan Rotkhali, Zohreh Shabgard","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_4_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_4_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Resilience is one of the competencies that enable nurses to adapt to stressful risk factors at work and demonstrate a healthy and stable psychological performance. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive role of resilience on job stress among Iranian nurses. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted in Ahvaz, Iran, with participation of 200 nurses in May 2019. Participants were recruited via stratified random sampling. The resilience indicators and job stress data were collected by the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and OSIPOW Job Stress Questionnaire. Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between resilience and job stress (r = −0.824, P < 0.05). Similarly, a significant linear regression existed between job stress and resilience (β = −0.824, P < 0.05) in such a way that resilience predicted 67.9% of the job stress variance in the participants (R2 = 0.679). In addition, it was revealed that the multi-aspect model could significantly predict job stress based on linear resilience indicators (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that resilience indicators have a significant relationship with job stress, and this relationship can be used to predict changes in job stress based on resilience. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that resilience improvement programs should be developed and implemented for nurses.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47687192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shabnam Kadian, J. Joseph, Sat Pal, Rajeshwari Devi
Introduction: The resilience interventions have the potential to enhance the protective factors to prevent mental health problems in young adolescents. The present study evaluated the feasibility of brief resilience interventions in a sample of college students. Methods: The present randomized controlled study was conducted among 220 college students and the study protocol was registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of India (Ref.No.CTRI/2021/04/032716). The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: (i) A brief resilience intervention program group and (ii) a resilience self-help pamphlet group. The brief resilience intervention program is based on positive psychology and consists of two sessions, delivered on a 2-week interval period. The outcome measures were changes in the scores of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), Perceived Stress Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.31 years (standard deviation – 1.17) and both the study groups were comparable during baseline (P > 0.05). At the 1-month follow-up, there was a slight increase in the mean BRCS scores of the brief resilience intervention group (15.57 vs. 15.87) as compared to the resilience self-help pamphlet group (16.15 vs. 15.79). There was no evidence that brief resilience intervention was superior to the self-help booklet in any of the outcome measures (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Brief resilience interventions have the potential to promote resilience and coping skills among college-going students in this setting. The integration of brief resilience interventions among college-based cohorts would appear to be an appropriate strategy for building protective factors to bolster resilience.
{"title":"Brief resilience interventions for mental health among college students: Randomized controlled trial","authors":"Shabnam Kadian, J. Joseph, Sat Pal, Rajeshwari Devi","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The resilience interventions have the potential to enhance the protective factors to prevent mental health problems in young adolescents. The present study evaluated the feasibility of brief resilience interventions in a sample of college students. Methods: The present randomized controlled study was conducted among 220 college students and the study protocol was registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of India (Ref.No.CTRI/2021/04/032716). The participants were randomly allocated to two groups: (i) A brief resilience intervention program group and (ii) a resilience self-help pamphlet group. The brief resilience intervention program is based on positive psychology and consists of two sessions, delivered on a 2-week interval period. The outcome measures were changes in the scores of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), Perceived Stress Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.31 years (standard deviation – 1.17) and both the study groups were comparable during baseline (P > 0.05). At the 1-month follow-up, there was a slight increase in the mean BRCS scores of the brief resilience intervention group (15.57 vs. 15.87) as compared to the resilience self-help pamphlet group (16.15 vs. 15.79). There was no evidence that brief resilience intervention was superior to the self-help booklet in any of the outcome measures (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Brief resilience interventions have the potential to promote resilience and coping skills among college-going students in this setting. The integration of brief resilience interventions among college-based cohorts would appear to be an appropriate strategy for building protective factors to bolster resilience.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42307465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Joveini, Zeinab Malaijerdi, N. Sharifi, R. Borghabani, M. Hashemian
Introduction: Promoting physical activity (PA) behavior by education can help people to create and maintain an active lifestyle until old age. This study aimed to design and evaluate a theory-based educational intervention to promote behavior change and PA in middle-aged women. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 73 middle-aged women in Jovein, Iran, from January to November 2018. A researcher-made questionnaire based on the volition phase constructs of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model was used. Randomly, one health base and one health house were assigned to the intervention group and one health base and one health house were assigned to the control group, and the participants were randomly selected from these centers. Both the groups completed the questionnaires before, immediately after, and 3 months after the educational intervention. The educational intervention was held in three 60-min sessions among three groups of approximately 17 participants. PA maintenance was measured 6 months after the intervention. Results: Immediately and 3 months after the intervention, the mean scores of all the volition phase constructs significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Three and 6 months after the intervention, the number of people who had at least 150 min of moderate PA per week was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The educational intervention based on the volition phase constructs of the HAPA increased PA intention and facilitated the transition from an inactive lifestyle to an active lifestyle among middle-aged women.
{"title":"A theory-based educational intervention to promote behavior change and physical activity participation in middle-aged women: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"H. Joveini, Zeinab Malaijerdi, N. Sharifi, R. Borghabani, M. Hashemian","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_35_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_35_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Promoting physical activity (PA) behavior by education can help people to create and maintain an active lifestyle until old age. This study aimed to design and evaluate a theory-based educational intervention to promote behavior change and PA in middle-aged women. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 73 middle-aged women in Jovein, Iran, from January to November 2018. A researcher-made questionnaire based on the volition phase constructs of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model was used. Randomly, one health base and one health house were assigned to the intervention group and one health base and one health house were assigned to the control group, and the participants were randomly selected from these centers. Both the groups completed the questionnaires before, immediately after, and 3 months after the educational intervention. The educational intervention was held in three 60-min sessions among three groups of approximately 17 participants. PA maintenance was measured 6 months after the intervention. Results: Immediately and 3 months after the intervention, the mean scores of all the volition phase constructs significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Three and 6 months after the intervention, the number of people who had at least 150 min of moderate PA per week was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The educational intervention based on the volition phase constructs of the HAPA increased PA intention and facilitated the transition from an inactive lifestyle to an active lifestyle among middle-aged women.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48066894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sandya, Kannappa V. Shetty, J. Jaise, S. Manikappa, N. Pai
Introduction: Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a severe mental illness causing significant problems in the lives of individuals with the disorder and those who care for them as well are. Most of the time people with mental illness are taken care of by mental health professionals, while little priority is given to their caregivers. There are numerous studies in India attempting to understand the impact of illness on caregivers and the problems faced by the caregivers of persons with BPAD. Methods: The study aimed to assess the family caregivers' stress and burden among caregivers of persons with BPAD at a tertiary care center in Dharwad, India. Descriptive research design and simple random sampling was used for recruiting 50 samples. Apart from sociodemographic schedule, burden assessment scale and perceived stress scale (PSS) were used for data collection. Results: The mean age of caregivers was 44.76 years. The average duration of illness of the patients was 9.80 years and their mean annual income was 35,500 rupees reported in the study. The mean score of impact of wellbeing subscale was higher (11.34) when compared with other sub scales of the burden assessment scale, and the overall score of burden assessment scale (31.82) indicated high levels of burden. PSS mean was 21.44, indicating high stress levels. Conclusion: The study concludes that burden and perceived stress were elevated among the caregivers of people with BPAD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Stress and burden among caregivers of persons with bipolar affective disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in India","authors":"P. Sandya, Kannappa V. Shetty, J. Jaise, S. Manikappa, N. Pai","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_158_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_158_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is a severe mental illness causing significant problems in the lives of individuals with the disorder and those who care for them as well are. Most of the time people with mental illness are taken care of by mental health professionals, while little priority is given to their caregivers. There are numerous studies in India attempting to understand the impact of illness on caregivers and the problems faced by the caregivers of persons with BPAD. Methods: The study aimed to assess the family caregivers' stress and burden among caregivers of persons with BPAD at a tertiary care center in Dharwad, India. Descriptive research design and simple random sampling was used for recruiting 50 samples. Apart from sociodemographic schedule, burden assessment scale and perceived stress scale (PSS) were used for data collection. Results: The mean age of caregivers was 44.76 years. The average duration of illness of the patients was 9.80 years and their mean annual income was 35,500 rupees reported in the study. The mean score of impact of wellbeing subscale was higher (11.34) when compared with other sub scales of the burden assessment scale, and the overall score of burden assessment scale (31.82) indicated high levels of burden. PSS mean was 21.44, indicating high stress levels. Conclusion: The study concludes that burden and perceived stress were elevated among the caregivers of people with BPAD during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47011686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Sangma, Parveen Kumar, L. Nerli, Abhijit Khanna, D. Vasavada, D. Tiwari
Introduction: World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) as global pandemic on March 20, 2020. Highly contagious nature of this new virus and high propensity for human-to-human transmission led to various challenges, one of them is stigma and discrimination. This led to ill-treatment, devaluation of affected individuals, termination of employment, abandonment, and physical violence. The current study attempts to assess the magnitude of social stigma and discrimination among COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Longitudinal study was conducted among COVID-19 survivors from June 2020 to February 2021 at tertiary care center, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. Participants were contacted through telephone, interview was conducted at 1 and 6 months, using pro forma containing demographic details, “Stigma questionnaire” and “Discrimination questionnaire.” Results: A total of 420 participants of age 18–60 years participated in the study. Participants experienced personalized stigma had concerns regarding disclosure of illness and public attitudes. Discrimination at their respective workplace was also observed. Stigma was statistically significant related to gender and geographical area (F = 3.879, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.45), while discrimination statistically significant related to geographical area (F = 2.407, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.028). The stigma and discrimination was still prevalent after 6 months; however, there was a reduction in overall stigmatization which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The large cohort of participants faced significant social stigma and discrimination in terms of personalized stigma, negative self-image, and workplace discrimination. Increasing awareness, knowledge about illness, and availability of treatment facilities can contribute in lowering the stigma.
2020年3月20日，世界卫生组织宣布2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)为全球大流行。这种新病毒的高度传染性和人与人之间传播的高度倾向导致了各种挑战，其中之一是耻辱和歧视。这导致了虐待、受影响个人的贬值、终止就业、遗弃和身体暴力。目前的研究试图评估COVID-19幸存者中社会耻辱和歧视的程度。方法:对2020年6月至2021年2月在印度古吉拉特邦贾姆讷格尔三级保健中心的COVID-19幸存者进行了纵向研究。通过电话与参与者联系，在1个月和6个月时进行访谈，使用包含人口学详细信息的形式问卷，“耻辱问卷”和“歧视问卷”。结果:共有420名年龄在18-60岁的参与者参与了这项研究。经历过个性化耻辱的参与者对疾病的披露和公众态度感到担忧。在她们各自的工作场所也发现了歧视现象。耻辱感与性别、地理区域相关(F = 3.879, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.45)，歧视与地理区域相关(F = 2.407, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.028)。6个月后，耻辱感和歧视仍然普遍存在;然而，总体污名化有所减少，有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论:大量受试者在个性化污名、消极自我形象和工作场所歧视方面面临显著的社会污名和歧视。提高对疾病的认识和知识以及治疗设施的可用性有助于降低耻辱感。
{"title":"Social stigma and discrimination in Coronavirus Disease-2019 survivors and its changing trend: A longitudinal study at tertiary care center Gujarat, India","authors":"R. Sangma, Parveen Kumar, L. Nerli, Abhijit Khanna, D. Vasavada, D. Tiwari","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_12_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_12_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) as global pandemic on March 20, 2020. Highly contagious nature of this new virus and high propensity for human-to-human transmission led to various challenges, one of them is stigma and discrimination. This led to ill-treatment, devaluation of affected individuals, termination of employment, abandonment, and physical violence. The current study attempts to assess the magnitude of social stigma and discrimination among COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Longitudinal study was conducted among COVID-19 survivors from June 2020 to February 2021 at tertiary care center, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. Participants were contacted through telephone, interview was conducted at 1 and 6 months, using pro forma containing demographic details, “Stigma questionnaire” and “Discrimination questionnaire.” Results: A total of 420 participants of age 18–60 years participated in the study. Participants experienced personalized stigma had concerns regarding disclosure of illness and public attitudes. Discrimination at their respective workplace was also observed. Stigma was statistically significant related to gender and geographical area (F = 3.879, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.45), while discrimination statistically significant related to geographical area (F = 2.407, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.028). The stigma and discrimination was still prevalent after 6 months; however, there was a reduction in overall stigmatization which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The large cohort of participants faced significant social stigma and discrimination in terms of personalized stigma, negative self-image, and workplace discrimination. Increasing awareness, knowledge about illness, and availability of treatment facilities can contribute in lowering the stigma.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47646228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Suicidal ideation is a public health concern. The percentage of prevalence of suicidal ideation found among attendees of primary and religious care centers in Thailand is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate suicidal ideation and associated factors among clients of primary care and religious care centers in Thailand. Methods: In a cross-sectional interview survey, 1214 consecutively sampled adult clients from three religious and three primary care centers participated in the study in 2018–2019. They completed information on suicidal ideation, social and demographic factors, chronic conditions, and mental and substance use disorders. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of suicidal ideation. Results: One in ten clients (10.0%) reported suicidal ideation. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in clients attending religious compared to primary care, but the difference was not significant. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.49, 3.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86–6.56), anxiety disorder (AOR: 6.03, 95% CI: 2.82–12.95), somatization disorder (AOR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.17–3.53), cancer (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.02–6.50), and sore joints (AOR: 2.24: 95% CI: 1.16–4.31) were positive associated with suicidal ideation, while secondary education (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20–0.77), employed (AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32–0.85), and high social support (AOR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13–0.56) were negatively associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in clients attending religious care compared to primary care, but the difference was not significant. Factors associated with suicidal ideation include sociodemographic factors, mental disorders, and chronic conditions.
{"title":"Suicidal ideation and associated factors among clients of primary care and religious care centers in Thailand","authors":"K. Peltzer, S. Pengpid","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_101_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_101_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Suicidal ideation is a public health concern. The percentage of prevalence of suicidal ideation found among attendees of primary and religious care centers in Thailand is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate suicidal ideation and associated factors among clients of primary care and religious care centers in Thailand. Methods: In a cross-sectional interview survey, 1214 consecutively sampled adult clients from three religious and three primary care centers participated in the study in 2018–2019. They completed information on suicidal ideation, social and demographic factors, chronic conditions, and mental and substance use disorders. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of suicidal ideation. Results: One in ten clients (10.0%) reported suicidal ideation. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in clients attending religious compared to primary care, but the difference was not significant. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.49, 3.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86–6.56), anxiety disorder (AOR: 6.03, 95% CI: 2.82–12.95), somatization disorder (AOR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.17–3.53), cancer (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.02–6.50), and sore joints (AOR: 2.24: 95% CI: 1.16–4.31) were positive associated with suicidal ideation, while secondary education (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20–0.77), employed (AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32–0.85), and high social support (AOR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13–0.56) were negatively associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in clients attending religious care compared to primary care, but the difference was not significant. Factors associated with suicidal ideation include sociodemographic factors, mental disorders, and chronic conditions.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46497785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nayan, M. Uddin, M. Hossain, M. Alam, M. Zinnia, Iqramul Haq, Md Rahman, Rejwana Ria, Md Haq Methun
Introduction: The purpose of this research was to predict mental illness among university students using various machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods: A structured questionnaire-based online survey was conducted on 2121 university students (private and public) living in Bangladesh. After obtaining informed consent, the participants completed a web-based survey examining sociodemographic variables and behavioral tests (including the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 scale). This study applied six well-known ML algorithms, namely logistic regression, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), linear discriminate analysis, K-nearest neighbors, Naïve Bayes, and which were used to predict mental illness among university students from Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Results: Of the 2121 eligible respondents, 45% were male and 55% were female, and approximately 76.9% were 21–25 years old. The prevalence of severe depression and severe anxiety was higher for women than for men. Based on various performance parameters, the results of the accuracy assessment showed that RF outperformed other models for the prediction of depression (89% accuracy), while SVM provided the best result than other models for the prediction of anxiety (91.49% accuracy). Conclusion: Based on these findings, we recommend that the RF algorithm and the SVM algorithm were more moderate than any other ML algorithm used in this study to predict the mental health status of university students in Bangladesh (depression and anxiety, respectively). Finally, this study proposes to apply RF and SVM classification when the prediction of mental illness status is the core interest.
{"title":"Comparison of the performance of machine learning-based algorithms for predicting depression and anxiety among University Students in Bangladesh: A result of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"M. Nayan, M. Uddin, M. Hossain, M. Alam, M. Zinnia, Iqramul Haq, Md Rahman, Rejwana Ria, Md Haq Methun","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_38_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_38_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of this research was to predict mental illness among university students using various machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods: A structured questionnaire-based online survey was conducted on 2121 university students (private and public) living in Bangladesh. After obtaining informed consent, the participants completed a web-based survey examining sociodemographic variables and behavioral tests (including the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 scale). This study applied six well-known ML algorithms, namely logistic regression, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), linear discriminate analysis, K-nearest neighbors, Naïve Bayes, and which were used to predict mental illness among university students from Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Results: Of the 2121 eligible respondents, 45% were male and 55% were female, and approximately 76.9% were 21–25 years old. The prevalence of severe depression and severe anxiety was higher for women than for men. Based on various performance parameters, the results of the accuracy assessment showed that RF outperformed other models for the prediction of depression (89% accuracy), while SVM provided the best result than other models for the prediction of anxiety (91.49% accuracy). Conclusion: Based on these findings, we recommend that the RF algorithm and the SVM algorithm were more moderate than any other ML algorithm used in this study to predict the mental health status of university students in Bangladesh (depression and anxiety, respectively). Finally, this study proposes to apply RF and SVM classification when the prediction of mental illness status is the core interest.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46519584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Violence against women is becoming more prevalent over the world, particularly in India. Assessing the causes of violence in community will aid in planning supports for victims. This study aimed to compare the performance of various regression models for count data and focused on choosing appropriate count regression model to identify factors related with the number of domestic violence experienced by young married women. Methods: Data for this study were retrieved from “The Youth in India: Situation and Needs Study.” The current study took the data of 1495 married women in Tamil Nadu. Factors associated with physical violence considered for the study were place of residence, age of husband and wife, education of husband and wife, dowry, miscarriage, abortion, and marriage type. Ordinary least square, Poisson regression, and negative binomial regression models were fitted for the data, and the best fitted model was identified using Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Results: Proportion of married women who have perpetrated any forms of physical violence was 30.8%. Among the fitted models, negative binomial regression model (AIC = 3020.621, BIC = 3079.030) was found to be the best model to predict violence. Significant factors identified were type of residence, marriage type, education of wife and spouse, miscarriage, and abortion. Conclusion: To tackle this public health issue, multisectoral approaches such as boosting literacy, raising awareness about legal assistance, and monitoring victims of violence at primary health facilities should be implemented. Comprehensive model testing is highly suggested for determining the best acceptable analytic model when dependent variable being studied comprises count data.
{"title":"Count regression model to predict spousal harms in Tamil Nadu","authors":"Elizabeth Varghese, Adhin Bhaskar, C. Ponnuraja","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_171_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_171_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Violence against women is becoming more prevalent over the world, particularly in India. Assessing the causes of violence in community will aid in planning supports for victims. This study aimed to compare the performance of various regression models for count data and focused on choosing appropriate count regression model to identify factors related with the number of domestic violence experienced by young married women. Methods: Data for this study were retrieved from “The Youth in India: Situation and Needs Study.” The current study took the data of 1495 married women in Tamil Nadu. Factors associated with physical violence considered for the study were place of residence, age of husband and wife, education of husband and wife, dowry, miscarriage, abortion, and marriage type. Ordinary least square, Poisson regression, and negative binomial regression models were fitted for the data, and the best fitted model was identified using Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Results: Proportion of married women who have perpetrated any forms of physical violence was 30.8%. Among the fitted models, negative binomial regression model (AIC = 3020.621, BIC = 3079.030) was found to be the best model to predict violence. Significant factors identified were type of residence, marriage type, education of wife and spouse, miscarriage, and abortion. Conclusion: To tackle this public health issue, multisectoral approaches such as boosting literacy, raising awareness about legal assistance, and monitoring victims of violence at primary health facilities should be implemented. Comprehensive model testing is highly suggested for determining the best acceptable analytic model when dependent variable being studied comprises count data.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42153766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilesh Kotecha, D. Vasavada, Parveen Kumar, L. Nerli, D. Tiwari, Dipesh V. Parmar
Introduction: India approved the “Covishield” vaccine for emergency use and began the first vaccination drive from January 16, 2021. As the new coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine was developed within a short period, public acceptance for this new vaccine remains uncertain. Vaccine hesitancy remains an important challenge in the immunization against COVID-19. The aim of the current study was to assess different hesitancies, attitude, and beliefs about COVID-19 vaccine among health-care workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among health-care professionals from 5th to January 15, just before the commencement of the first vaccination drive. All the participants were requested to fill out semi-structured pro forma containing following sections: (1) demographic details and (2) attitude and belief questionnaire. Following this, a lecture of around 45–60 min was conducted by trained professionals comprising of an education module. After the educational session, participants' willingness to take the vaccine was reassessed. Results: Totally, 598 participants participated in the study. Of these, 47% participants were not willing to take the vaccine. Participants with age <35 years, experience <5 years, and working in rural areas have statistically significant unwillingness to take vaccine, on Chi-square test. Getting sick from vaccine, contracting the disease after vaccination, fear of adverse effect, uncertain efficacy, and death due to vaccine are concerns related to vaccination hesitancy. After the educational session, 82% of the participants were willing to take the vaccine. Conclusion: Inadequate knowledge about vaccine contributed significantly to denial for vaccination. Educational program was effective in addressing the concerns of participants about vaccination, improving vaccine usage and hence control of the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and belief of health-care workers toward COVID-19 Vaccine at a tertiary care center in India","authors":"Ilesh Kotecha, D. Vasavada, Parveen Kumar, L. Nerli, D. Tiwari, Dipesh V. Parmar","doi":"10.4103/shb.shb_20_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/shb.shb_20_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India approved the “Covishield” vaccine for emergency use and began the first vaccination drive from January 16, 2021. As the new coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine was developed within a short period, public acceptance for this new vaccine remains uncertain. Vaccine hesitancy remains an important challenge in the immunization against COVID-19. The aim of the current study was to assess different hesitancies, attitude, and beliefs about COVID-19 vaccine among health-care workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among health-care professionals from 5th to January 15, just before the commencement of the first vaccination drive. All the participants were requested to fill out semi-structured pro forma containing following sections: (1) demographic details and (2) attitude and belief questionnaire. Following this, a lecture of around 45–60 min was conducted by trained professionals comprising of an education module. After the educational session, participants' willingness to take the vaccine was reassessed. Results: Totally, 598 participants participated in the study. Of these, 47% participants were not willing to take the vaccine. Participants with age <35 years, experience <5 years, and working in rural areas have statistically significant unwillingness to take vaccine, on Chi-square test. Getting sick from vaccine, contracting the disease after vaccination, fear of adverse effect, uncertain efficacy, and death due to vaccine are concerns related to vaccination hesitancy. After the educational session, 82% of the participants were willing to take the vaccine. Conclusion: Inadequate knowledge about vaccine contributed significantly to denial for vaccination. Educational program was effective in addressing the concerns of participants about vaccination, improving vaccine usage and hence control of the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":34783,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44157011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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