Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000026
A. El-Agwany
{"title":"Chemotherapy response assessment using ultrasound in ovarian cancer","authors":"A. El-Agwany","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"183 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000020
Andrea Tinelli
{"title":"Minimally invasive methods with no fibroid surgical removal to treat uterine fibroids: utility or advertising?","authors":"Andrea Tinelli","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"13 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000007
Sepideh Rezaei Ghamsari, Shahla Faal Siahkal, Bibihajar Zahmatkesh, Elham Ebrahimi
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescents causes appearance changes such as hirsutism, alopecia, acne and long-term complications, such as metabolic syndrome and infertility. This study aimed to compare physical activity status and food patterns, as prominent predictive factors, in adolescents with and without PCOS.This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 400 adolescents at health centres affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tools include a demographic questionnaire, a standard adolescents’ Physical Activity Status Questionnaire and a Nutritional Status Questionnaire. SPSS V.20 software was used to analyse the data.The mean age of participants was 19.16±3.18. The results of the study showed that height, weight and menstrual status were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). The calorie intake in affected adolescents was high, and the physical activity status was unfavourable (p<0.05).Adolescents with PCOS have been found to have different physical activity levels, nutritional patterns and calorie intake compared to non-affected individuals. This is a critical issue, as high caloric intake and insufficient physical activity can exacerbate the development of PCOS in adolescents.
{"title":"Comparative study of physical activity status and food patterns in adolescents with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: an analytical approach","authors":"Sepideh Rezaei Ghamsari, Shahla Faal Siahkal, Bibihajar Zahmatkesh, Elham Ebrahimi","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000007","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescents causes appearance changes such as hirsutism, alopecia, acne and long-term complications, such as metabolic syndrome and infertility. This study aimed to compare physical activity status and food patterns, as prominent predictive factors, in adolescents with and without PCOS.This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 400 adolescents at health centres affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tools include a demographic questionnaire, a standard adolescents’ Physical Activity Status Questionnaire and a Nutritional Status Questionnaire. SPSS V.20 software was used to analyse the data.The mean age of participants was 19.16±3.18. The results of the study showed that height, weight and menstrual status were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). The calorie intake in affected adolescents was high, and the physical activity status was unfavourable (p<0.05).Adolescents with PCOS have been found to have different physical activity levels, nutritional patterns and calorie intake compared to non-affected individuals. This is a critical issue, as high caloric intake and insufficient physical activity can exacerbate the development of PCOS in adolescents.","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000008
Emily J Callander, Hannah Jackson, H. McLachlan, Mary-Ann Davey, Della A Forster
Caseload midwifery (continuity of midwifery carer) offers benefits including lower caesarean section rates, lower risks of preterm birth and stillbirth, and improved maternal satisfaction of care. Despite these advantages, concerns about additional costs hinder widespread implementation. This study examines the cost of caseload midwifery compared with standard maternity care from the perspective of both public hospitals and public funders.A cost analysis was conducted using data from a randomised controlled trial of 2314 low-risk pregnant women in Melbourne, Australia. Women randomised to caseload care received antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care from a primary midwife, with some care provided by a ‘back-up’ midwife. Women in standard care received midwifery-led care with varying levels of continuity, junior obstetric care or community-based medical care. The cost analysis compared differences in mean costs of health resources to public hospitals and to public funders. Additionally, a budget impact analysis estimated total costs to the health system between 2023 and 2027.For public hospitals, there was no significant difference in overall costs between women receiving caseload midwifery (n=1146) versus standard care (n=1151) ($A12 363 (SD: $A4967) vs $A12 323 (SD: $A7404); p=0.85). Conversely, public funders incurred lower expenditures for women receiving caseload midwifery ($A20 330 (SD: $A8312)) versus standard care ($A21 637 (SD: $A11 818); p <0.001). The budget impact analysis estimated savings of $A625 million to the health system over the next 5 years with expanded access to caseload midwifery in Australia.Caseload midwifery in low-risk women is cost-neutral to public hospitals and cost-saving to public funders.Continuity of midwifery for low-risk women reduces costs to public funders, with no additional costs to hospitals.
{"title":"Continuity of care by a primary midwife (caseload midwifery): a cost analysis using results from the COSMOS randomised controlled trial","authors":"Emily J Callander, Hannah Jackson, H. McLachlan, Mary-Ann Davey, Della A Forster","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000008","url":null,"abstract":"Caseload midwifery (continuity of midwifery carer) offers benefits including lower caesarean section rates, lower risks of preterm birth and stillbirth, and improved maternal satisfaction of care. Despite these advantages, concerns about additional costs hinder widespread implementation. This study examines the cost of caseload midwifery compared with standard maternity care from the perspective of both public hospitals and public funders.A cost analysis was conducted using data from a randomised controlled trial of 2314 low-risk pregnant women in Melbourne, Australia. Women randomised to caseload care received antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care from a primary midwife, with some care provided by a ‘back-up’ midwife. Women in standard care received midwifery-led care with varying levels of continuity, junior obstetric care or community-based medical care. The cost analysis compared differences in mean costs of health resources to public hospitals and to public funders. Additionally, a budget impact analysis estimated total costs to the health system between 2023 and 2027.For public hospitals, there was no significant difference in overall costs between women receiving caseload midwifery (n=1146) versus standard care (n=1151) ($A12 363 (SD: $A4967) vs $A12 323 (SD: $A7404); p=0.85). Conversely, public funders incurred lower expenditures for women receiving caseload midwifery ($A20 330 (SD: $A8312)) versus standard care ($A21 637 (SD: $A11 818); p <0.001). The budget impact analysis estimated savings of $A625 million to the health system over the next 5 years with expanded access to caseload midwifery in Australia.Caseload midwifery in low-risk women is cost-neutral to public hospitals and cost-saving to public funders.Continuity of midwifery for low-risk women reduces costs to public funders, with no additional costs to hospitals.","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141396848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000023
Rong Li, Rui Yang
{"title":"Is intracytoplasmic sperm injection an add-on to conventional in vitro fertilisation for infertility without severe male factors?","authors":"Rong Li, Rui Yang","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000032
Edward Mayeaux, Yun Zhao
{"title":"For cervical cancer screening, which test is better, and for whom?","authors":"Edward Mayeaux, Yun Zhao","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141402663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000014
Dongmei Wei, Yaoming Chen, Yueyue Chen, Tao Cui, Xiaoyu Niu
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cranberry extracts: A-type proanthocyanidins (A-PACs) in the treatment and prevention of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).An open, randomised, parallel-design study was conducted. A cohort of 300 eligible patients with VVC was recruited from the hospital. All participants were randomly divided into three groups according to a computer-generated randomisation list. Patients in group 1 were treated with standard antifungal therapy (oral single-dose fluconazole 150 mg and vaginal miconazole suppository 400 mg at bedtime for 3 days); patients in group 2 received oral A-PACs 16 mL two times per day for 6 days based on the treatment regimen of group 1; patients in group 3 were given oral A-PACs 16 mL two times per day for 6 days and vaginal miconazole suppository 400 mg at bedtime for 3 days. Patients who were clinically cured at the seventh day of follow-up in group 2 received maintenance therapy by oral A-PACs for 12 weeks.At the seventh day of follow-up, the vaginal mycological results of all patients in group 2 who initially tested positive for pseudohyphae exhibited negative results. The negative conversion rates of fungal spores and blastospores in group 2 were superior to those in both group 1 and group 3. The symptoms of patients in group 2 ameliorated conspicuously compared with those in group 1 (p<0.05). The clinical cure rate of VVC in both group 2 and group 3 was not inferior to group 1. Cox regression analysis showed maintenance therapy was not significantly associated with short-term recurrence (HR 0.44 (0.11, 1.67); p=0.23) but could significantly diminish the risk of long-term recurrence (HR 0.57 (0.33, 0.99); p<0.05).This study revealed that A-PACs in cranberry juice combined with azole antibiotics can be used as a novel therapeutic option for the treatment and prevention of long-term recurrence of VVC.ChiCTR2300076392.
{"title":"Assessing the treatment effect of cranberry type A proanthocyanidins on vulvovaginal candidiasis: a randomised controlled clinical interventional study","authors":"Dongmei Wei, Yaoming Chen, Yueyue Chen, Tao Cui, Xiaoyu Niu","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000014","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cranberry extracts: A-type proanthocyanidins (A-PACs) in the treatment and prevention of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).An open, randomised, parallel-design study was conducted. A cohort of 300 eligible patients with VVC was recruited from the hospital. All participants were randomly divided into three groups according to a computer-generated randomisation list. Patients in group 1 were treated with standard antifungal therapy (oral single-dose fluconazole 150 mg and vaginal miconazole suppository 400 mg at bedtime for 3 days); patients in group 2 received oral A-PACs 16 mL two times per day for 6 days based on the treatment regimen of group 1; patients in group 3 were given oral A-PACs 16 mL two times per day for 6 days and vaginal miconazole suppository 400 mg at bedtime for 3 days. Patients who were clinically cured at the seventh day of follow-up in group 2 received maintenance therapy by oral A-PACs for 12 weeks.At the seventh day of follow-up, the vaginal mycological results of all patients in group 2 who initially tested positive for pseudohyphae exhibited negative results. The negative conversion rates of fungal spores and blastospores in group 2 were superior to those in both group 1 and group 3. The symptoms of patients in group 2 ameliorated conspicuously compared with those in group 1 (p<0.05). The clinical cure rate of VVC in both group 2 and group 3 was not inferior to group 1. Cox regression analysis showed maintenance therapy was not significantly associated with short-term recurrence (HR 0.44 (0.11, 1.67); p=0.23) but could significantly diminish the risk of long-term recurrence (HR 0.57 (0.33, 0.99); p<0.05).This study revealed that A-PACs in cranberry juice combined with azole antibiotics can be used as a novel therapeutic option for the treatment and prevention of long-term recurrence of VVC.ChiCTR2300076392.","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"36 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141414837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1136/gocm-2024-000010
Can Luo, Dongmei Wei, Yueyue Chen, Ling Mei, Xiaoyu Niu
Currently, the global ageing population is becoming increasingly severe, and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is rising year by year, which seriously impacts the psychosomatic health and the quality of life in female patients. Surgical treatments for POP still face enormous challenges.The aim of this review is to discuss the laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS) approach to the management of POP. We use MeSH terms for each topic to retrieve relevant literature from the PubMed and Embase databases. Our group reviewed, synthesised and summarised included studies.LLS has been widely applied in the treatment of middle pelvic compartment defects. In comparison to sacrocolpopexy (SC), the most significant advantage of LLS is that it avoids dissecting the complex sacral region and possesses simple surgical procedures. But its cure, recurrence, reoperation and complication rates have been widely discussed. Issues regarding its value and its potential equivalence in surgical therapeutic effects compared with SC have gained continuous attention.Based on the existing research, LLS demonstrates advantages in the treatment of POP, particularly in cases of middle pelvic compartment defects. However, solely based on current clinical studies, it is premature to establish superiority or inferiority compared with SC. LLS is not yet a substitute for SC.
{"title":"Laparoscopic lateral suspension (Dubuisson) in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse","authors":"Can Luo, Dongmei Wei, Yueyue Chen, Ling Mei, Xiaoyu Niu","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000010","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the global ageing population is becoming increasingly severe, and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is rising year by year, which seriously impacts the psychosomatic health and the quality of life in female patients. Surgical treatments for POP still face enormous challenges.The aim of this review is to discuss the laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS) approach to the management of POP. We use MeSH terms for each topic to retrieve relevant literature from the PubMed and Embase databases. Our group reviewed, synthesised and summarised included studies.LLS has been widely applied in the treatment of middle pelvic compartment defects. In comparison to sacrocolpopexy (SC), the most significant advantage of LLS is that it avoids dissecting the complex sacral region and possesses simple surgical procedures. But its cure, recurrence, reoperation and complication rates have been widely discussed. Issues regarding its value and its potential equivalence in surgical therapeutic effects compared with SC have gained continuous attention.Based on the existing research, LLS demonstrates advantages in the treatment of POP, particularly in cases of middle pelvic compartment defects. However, solely based on current clinical studies, it is premature to establish superiority or inferiority compared with SC. LLS is not yet a substitute for SC.","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"21 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141395249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dysfunction of the immune system is one of the pathogeneses of endometriosis. Immune cells can not only affect the microenvironment of the endometrium by secreting cytokines and defensins but also promote angiogenesis, growth and invasion of endometrial stromal cells.ATP is a key mediator in the immune mechanism of endometriosis and plays a crucial role in endometriosis. While ATP acts as a purinergic signalling molecule, it has a close relationship with the pain of endometriosis via activating ATP receptors, including P2X3, P2X4, P2X7 and P2Y receptors, after being activated by the immune system. Besides, ATP levels reflect the impairment of mitochondrial function in granulosa cells, which could lead to infertility. The modulation of ATP expression levels is controlled by ectonucleotidases. The content of ectonucleotidases is altered in endometriosis which may be emerging non-invasive biomarkers.In the present review, we briefly introduce the relationship between the change of ATP level controlled by ectonucleotidases and endometriosis-associated infertility and pain, and illustrate our prospects for future research.
{"title":"Relationship between the change of ATP level controlled by ectonucleotidases and endometriosis-associated infertility and pain","authors":"Yiling Wang, Qing-jie Zhai, Zhao Tian, Xiaohong Chang, Hong-Lan Zhu","doi":"10.1136/gocm-2024-000019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000019","url":null,"abstract":"The dysfunction of the immune system is one of the pathogeneses of endometriosis. Immune cells can not only affect the microenvironment of the endometrium by secreting cytokines and defensins but also promote angiogenesis, growth and invasion of endometrial stromal cells.ATP is a key mediator in the immune mechanism of endometriosis and plays a crucial role in endometriosis. While ATP acts as a purinergic signalling molecule, it has a close relationship with the pain of endometriosis via activating ATP receptors, including P2X3, P2X4, P2X7 and P2Y receptors, after being activated by the immune system. Besides, ATP levels reflect the impairment of mitochondrial function in granulosa cells, which could lead to infertility. The modulation of ATP expression levels is controlled by ectonucleotidases. The content of ectonucleotidases is altered in endometriosis which may be emerging non-invasive biomarkers.In the present review, we briefly introduce the relationship between the change of ATP level controlled by ectonucleotidases and endometriosis-associated infertility and pain, and illustrate our prospects for future research.","PeriodicalId":34826,"journal":{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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