In March 1979, the New Jewel Movement (NJM) transitioned into the People’s Revolu- tionary Government (PRG) through a bloodless coup that for a time revolutionized the structure of governments in the Com- mon-law Caribbean. This policy review seeks to consider the success of the revolution based on: its aim of developing and sustaining a grassroots democracy, emphasis on mass education and its expansion of agribusiness initiatives as a part of broader industrialization efforts. Through an investigation of some of the critical events, ideological frameworks and ambitious political objectives that briefly transformed Grenadian society from 1979 to 1983 this review illustrates the complexity of the political experiment undertaken by the People’s Revolutionary Government and argues that despite its short time span, the Grenada Revolution remains one of the most critical examples of revolutionary potential and radical self-rule in the twentieth-century Caribbean.
{"title":"Grenada Revolution: Investigating the Ambitions and Shortcomings of a Radical Caribbean Political Experiment","authors":"Shenhat Haile","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i2.36634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i2.36634","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000In March 1979, the New Jewel Movement (NJM) transitioned into the People’s Revolu- tionary Government (PRG) through a bloodless coup that for a time revolutionized the structure of governments in the Com- mon-law Caribbean. This policy review seeks to consider the success of the revolution based on: its aim of developing and sustaining a grassroots democracy, emphasis on mass education and its expansion of agribusiness initiatives as a part of broader industrialization efforts. Through an investigation of some of the critical events, ideological frameworks and ambitious political objectives that briefly transformed Grenadian society from 1979 to 1983 this review illustrates the complexity of the political experiment undertaken by the People’s Revolutionary Government and argues that despite its short time span, the Grenada Revolution remains one of the most critical examples of revolutionary potential and radical self-rule in the twentieth-century Caribbean.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43619067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In May 2020, two months after the COVID-19 pandemic struck the world, forcing humans stationary...at home...and unable to work and carry out routine, everyday activities, the brutal murder of George Floyd was captured on camera and broadcast on social media. Largely peaceful protests against police brutality and systemic racism erupted over- night, beginning in Minneapolis, and rapidly growing all over the United States. The Black Lives Matter (BLM) Movement’s quickfire blaze continued to spread from Minneapolis all the way to the West Indies within a week. The longstanding relationship between the United States and the Caribbean region is evident, leading to the populariza- tion of the regional idiom, “when the US sneezes, the Caribbean catches a cold.” The impact of the BLM Move- ment on the Caribbean is comparable to that of the Civil Rights and Pan Africanism movements of the latter half of the 20th century and reminds the world of the significance of regional revolutions such as the Grenada Revolution. One year into a crippling pandemic, the irony of this article will explore the aforementioned influences, comment on US intervention in Grenada and contextualize the adage- “When the US sneezes, the Caribbean catches a cold.”
{"title":"The Influence of American Hegemony on Revolutionary thought","authors":"Kennedy-Jude Providence","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i1.36945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i1.36945","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000In May 2020, two months after the COVID-19 pandemic struck the world, forcing humans stationary...at home...and unable to work and carry out routine, everyday activities, the brutal murder of George Floyd was captured on camera and broadcast on social media. Largely peaceful protests against police brutality and systemic racism erupted over- night, beginning in Minneapolis, and rapidly growing all over the United States. The Black Lives Matter (BLM) Movement’s quickfire blaze continued to spread from Minneapolis all the way to the West Indies within a week. The longstanding relationship between the United States and the Caribbean region is evident, leading to the populariza- tion of the regional idiom, “when the US sneezes, the Caribbean catches a cold.” The impact of the BLM Move- ment on the Caribbean is comparable to that of the Civil Rights and Pan Africanism movements of the latter half of the 20th century and reminds the world of the significance of regional revolutions such as the Grenada Revolution. One year into a crippling pandemic, the irony of this article will explore the aforementioned influences, comment on US intervention in Grenada and contextualize the adage- “When the US sneezes, the Caribbean catches a cold.”\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48468593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One prevalent issue regarding the enfranchisement of Indigenous communities within the politics of the Caribbean includes the idea that such communities cease to exist. Though the impact of European colonization in the region proved to be destructive to Indigenous ways of life, this impact was far from exterminatory, and Caribbean govern- ments and authorities who argue the contrary base their testimony upon groundless claims. This paper analyses the actions of Trinidad and Tobago’s post-independence government in curating a nationalist discourse based on the histories of its Afro-Creole population, and how that discourse was ultimately founded on a complete disregard for the country’s Indigenous population. The paper first delves into the colonial extinction narratives that have served to restrain Trinidad’s Indigenous community, then it investi- gates various biological and historical evidence that prove Indigenous diffusion beyond the limits outlined in extinction narratives. Finally, Trinidad’s Afro-Creole-based nation- alism is explored to gain insight on how such an ethnically-driven nationalism has hindered the concerns of Trinidad’s overall Indigenous community.
{"title":"Limits to Recognition: The Trinidadian State and Its Indigenous Population","authors":"Adam Rudder","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i2.36951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i2.36951","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000One prevalent issue regarding the enfranchisement of Indigenous communities within the politics of the Caribbean includes the idea that such communities cease to exist. Though the impact of European colonization in the region proved to be destructive to Indigenous ways of life, this impact was far from exterminatory, and Caribbean govern- ments and authorities who argue the contrary base their testimony upon groundless claims. This paper analyses the actions of Trinidad and Tobago’s post-independence government in curating a nationalist discourse based on the histories of its Afro-Creole population, and how that discourse was ultimately founded on a complete disregard for the country’s Indigenous population. The paper first delves into the colonial extinction narratives that have served to restrain Trinidad’s Indigenous community, then it investi- gates various biological and historical evidence that prove Indigenous diffusion beyond the limits outlined in extinction narratives. Finally, Trinidad’s Afro-Creole-based nation- alism is explored to gain insight on how such an ethnically-driven nationalism has hindered the concerns of Trinidad’s overall Indigenous community.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41426469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evident within many diasporic communities is a group consciousness and organization that operates in non-institutional spaces outside the realms of government agencies. The case of Puerto Ricans is no different and beyond collective organization, islanders in the diaspora went further in redefining the very criteria of Puerto Rican identity. This paper focuses on the migrant communities located in New York and the ways in which informal activities and non-institutional venues served as community centres. Food traditions, sporting competitions, and poetic practices all acted as cultural bases. Such activities fostered a democratic and participatory formation of Puerto Rican identity and played a critical role in the socio- economic development of migrants. These spaces also provided room for the complex nuances of Puertoricanness that were overlooked or purposely excluded from dominant ideologies by both the American and Puerto Rican government. Looking at bodegas, athletic clubs, and the Nuyorican Poets Cafe, we can observe the vital role of spaces outside the state’s control in facilitating an egalitarian and communal process of identity-making.
{"title":"Bodegas, Baseball & Ballads: The Democratization of Puerto Rican Identity","authors":"Ruth Masuka","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i2.35974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i2.35974","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Evident within many diasporic communities is a group consciousness and organization that operates in non-institutional spaces outside the realms of government agencies. The case of Puerto Ricans is no different and beyond collective organization, islanders in the diaspora went further in redefining the very criteria of Puerto Rican identity. This paper focuses on the migrant communities located in New York and the ways in which informal activities and non-institutional venues served as community centres. Food traditions, sporting competitions, and poetic practices all acted as cultural bases. Such activities fostered a democratic and participatory formation of Puerto Rican identity and played a critical role in the socio- economic development of migrants. These spaces also provided room for the complex nuances of Puertoricanness that were overlooked or purposely excluded from dominant ideologies by both the American and Puerto Rican government. Looking at bodegas, athletic clubs, and the Nuyorican Poets Cafe, we can observe the vital role of spaces outside the state’s control in facilitating an egalitarian and communal process of identity-making.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43761522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claudia Jones’ life and intellectual work have made impactful contributions in several spaces, including Marxist-Leninist ideology and anti-imperialism discourse. This review analyzes The Left of Karl Marx: The Political Life of Black Communist Claudia Jones written by Carol Boyce Davies. Davies offers valuable insight into Jones’ anti-imperialist ideas, which are layered as she believed imperialism was the root cause of racism and fascism. Further- more, Davies draws upon a wide range of Jones’ journalistic pieces to highlight the impact she has had in areas like Communist ideology and women’s political liberation.
{"title":"Thought Leadership and Women’s Liberation Politics","authors":"Janae Knott","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i2.36953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i2.36953","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Claudia Jones’ life and intellectual work have made impactful contributions in several spaces, including Marxist-Leninist ideology and anti-imperialism discourse. This review analyzes The Left of Karl Marx: The Political Life of Black Communist Claudia Jones written by Carol Boyce Davies. Davies offers valuable insight into Jones’ anti-imperialist ideas, which are layered as she believed imperialism was the root cause of racism and fascism. Further- more, Davies draws upon a wide range of Jones’ journalistic pieces to highlight the impact she has had in areas like Communist ideology and women’s political liberation.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43575656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this self-translated bilingual poem, Puerto Rican poet Urayoán Noel reflects on life and death in the Caribbean from a contemporary diasporic perspective, recasting the 15th-century Castilian poet Jorge Manrique and his famous version of the copla verse form
{"title":"Copla por la muerte de su padre","authors":"Urayoán Noel","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i1.37445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i1.37445","url":null,"abstract":"In this self-translated bilingual poem, Puerto Rican poet Urayoán Noel reflects on life and death in the Caribbean from a contemporary diasporic perspective, recasting the 15th-century Castilian poet Jorge Manrique and his famous version of the copla verse form","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45081762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the connection between the ways in which history in the Caribbean is written and understood, and between revolutionary move- ments and thought today in the Anglophone Caribbean, are explored. It is argued that it is not possible to achieve a decolonized Caribbe- an, a necessary condition for the inclusive development of the region, when histories of revolution and development remain thoroughly steeped in colonial biases and imbalances of power. Through examining the colonial context of knowledge production and consumption while also acknowledging that the past is often used as a model for the future, it is concluded that a focus on writing decolonized histories is essential to imagining a decolonized future in the Caribbean.
{"title":"Envisioning the Future using the Dreams of the Past","authors":"A. Freeman","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i2.36849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i2.36849","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000In this paper, the connection between the ways in which history in the Caribbean is written and understood, and between revolutionary move- ments and thought today in the Anglophone Caribbean, are explored. It is argued that it is not possible to achieve a decolonized Caribbe- an, a necessary condition for the inclusive development of the region, when histories of revolution and development remain thoroughly steeped in colonial biases and imbalances of power. Through examining the colonial context of knowledge production and consumption while also acknowledging that the past is often used as a model for the future, it is concluded that a focus on writing decolonized histories is essential to imagining a decolonized future in the Caribbean.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49530777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reparations are widely understood as the process by which compensation is given or amends made for previous wrongdoing. In the context of the Caribbean, it may refer to official actions taken by former colonial powers to acknowledge and recompense states affected by colonialism and slavery. This paper seeks to analyse discussions of reparations in the region and consider how the lack of com- pensation may be perceived as demonstrating that modern power relations are merely repackaged propagations of imperialism. Fundamentally, this paper argues that the notion that colonisation was left behind in the 19th century with the abolition of slavery or mid-20th Century with the political indepen- dence of Caribbean nation-states is a facade and uses reparations discourse as the foremost example of such. This is demonstrated through the following questions: Why do reparations need to be paid? Why are they not being paid? And What needs to change?
{"title":"Reality of Reparations: An Exploration of Neo-Colonialism, Morality and Control in the Caribbean","authors":"Amna Khan","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i1.36901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i1.36901","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Reparations are widely understood as the process by which compensation is given or amends made for previous wrongdoing. In the context of the Caribbean, it may refer to official actions taken by former colonial powers to acknowledge and recompense states affected by colonialism and slavery. This paper seeks to analyse discussions of reparations in the region and consider how the lack of com- pensation may be perceived as demonstrating that modern power relations are merely repackaged propagations of imperialism. Fundamentally, this paper argues that the notion that colonisation was left behind in the 19th century with the abolition of slavery or mid-20th Century with the political indepen- dence of Caribbean nation-states is a facade and uses reparations discourse as the foremost example of such. This is demonstrated through the following questions: Why do reparations need to be paid? Why are they not being paid? And What needs to change?\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43908075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Historically, the presence of religion in art is one that is very common and well documented. Like all art, the images and various projects produced, they all are up to the viewers interpretation, with underlining messages throughout. Religion being such a major influence in many different cultures, it isn’t surprising that there is such a connection to art and religion. This is true when looking at the art produced in the Caribbean or about the Caribbean, and also by the art produced by Caribbean artists. This research seeks to demon- strate some of the various Caribbean visual arts that have been produced and the portrayal or influence of religion presented, ranging from pre-colonization to post-colonization visual art projects. In turn, this will present the influence that religion has had in the Caribbean and how this has affected Caribbean communities, whilst also highlighting the lack of representation of some common religions that are present in the Caribbean today.
{"title":"Afro-Caribbean and Indigenous Religions as subject in Caribbean Art","authors":"Rachelle Sanicharan","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i1.36906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i1.36906","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Historically, the presence of religion in art is one that is very common and well documented. Like all art, the images and various projects produced, they all are up to the viewers interpretation, with underlining messages throughout. Religion being such a major influence in many different cultures, it isn’t surprising that there is such a connection to art and religion. This is true when looking at the art produced in the Caribbean or about the Caribbean, and also by the art produced by Caribbean artists. This research seeks to demon- strate some of the various Caribbean visual arts that have been produced and the portrayal or influence of religion presented, ranging from pre-colonization to post-colonization visual art projects. In turn, this will present the influence that religion has had in the Caribbean and how this has affected Caribbean communities, whilst also highlighting the lack of representation of some common religions that are present in the Caribbean today.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49096281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance The Couple in the Cage: A Guatinaui Odyssey by Coco Fusco and Guillermo Gómez Peña presents a piece mainly featuring two people where presented as a couple, from a fictional island called Guatinaui. The piece performed throughout the world from 1992 to 1994 and in a film in 1993, is narrated from the perspectives of colonial experts who guide the audience through the supposed features of the island, its peoples and the roles the couple played in society. The performance was a response to the quincentennial of Columbus’ arrival in the Americas and sought to highlight parts of this history that are often ignored. In this way, one of the main objectives of the performance was to demonstrate the general idea of the Other, and how people from developed countries viewed indigenous communities.
{"title":"Analysis of Coco Fusco and Guillermo Gómez Peña’s ‘The Couple in the Cage: A Guatinaui Odyssey’","authors":"Rachelle Sanicharan","doi":"10.33137/cq.v6i1.36921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/cq.v6i1.36921","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000The performance The Couple in the Cage: A Guatinaui Odyssey by Coco Fusco and Guillermo Gómez Peña presents a piece mainly featuring two people where presented as a couple, from a fictional island called Guatinaui. The piece performed throughout the world from 1992 to 1994 and in a film in 1993, is narrated from the perspectives of colonial experts who guide the audience through the supposed features of the island, its peoples and the roles the couple played in society. The performance was a response to the quincentennial of Columbus’ arrival in the Americas and sought to highlight parts of this history that are often ignored. In this way, one of the main objectives of the performance was to demonstrate the general idea of the Other, and how people from developed countries viewed indigenous communities.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":34856,"journal":{"name":"Caribbean Quilt","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43189195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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