Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-85-88
K. S. Belyuk, E. Mogilevets, A. Zabolotnaya, D. Y. Yakovchik, R. S. Shilo, L. F. Vasilchuk, O. S. Soroka
Background. Hemobilia is the excretion of blood alongside with bile through intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. Despite the use of new methods of diagnosis and treatment, the mortality rate from hemobilia remains high (20-40%). Objective. To demonstrate a clinical case and some methods of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with hemobilia. Material and methods. The article presents our own clinical observation of a patient with a penetrating knife wound of the abdominal cavity with liver injury complicated by hemobilia. Two-stage treatment was performed including upper midline laparotomy, cholecystectomy, and biliary tract sanitation with external drainage of the common bile duct according to Pikovsky in combination with angioembolization of the damaged artery of the 4th liver segment. Results. The analysis of the clinical case shows X-ray endovascular methods to be one of the promising ways of increasing surgical management efficiency of traumatic hemobilia. Conclusions. This observation shows the possibility of developing hemobilia without signs of intra-abdominal bleeding in penetrating abdominal wounds with liver injury. The use of X-ray endovascular diagnostic methods can improve treatment outcomes of patients with hemobilia of traumatic origin.
{"title":"THE USE OF X-RAY ENDOVASCULAR METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN A PATIENT WITH POSTTRAUMATIC HEMOBILIA DUE TO PENETRATING WOUND OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY. OUR OWN EXPERIENCE","authors":"K. S. Belyuk, E. Mogilevets, A. Zabolotnaya, D. Y. Yakovchik, R. S. Shilo, L. F. Vasilchuk, O. S. Soroka","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-85-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-85-88","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Hemobilia is the excretion of blood alongside with bile through intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. Despite the use of new methods of diagnosis and treatment, the mortality rate from hemobilia remains high (20-40%). Objective. To demonstrate a clinical case and some methods of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with hemobilia. Material and methods. The article presents our own clinical observation of a patient with a penetrating knife wound of the abdominal cavity with liver injury complicated by hemobilia. Two-stage treatment was performed including upper midline laparotomy, cholecystectomy, and biliary tract sanitation with external drainage of the common bile duct according to Pikovsky in combination with angioembolization of the damaged artery of the 4th liver segment. Results. The analysis of the clinical case shows X-ray endovascular methods to be one of the promising ways of increasing surgical management efficiency of traumatic hemobilia. Conclusions. This observation shows the possibility of developing hemobilia without signs of intra-abdominal bleeding in penetrating abdominal wounds with liver injury. The use of X-ray endovascular diagnostic methods can improve treatment outcomes of patients with hemobilia of traumatic origin.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43312760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-50-55
E. N. Priima, A. D. Bushmanova, K. E. Novak, E. Esaulenko
Background. Currently, etiotropic therapy of hepatitis B in most cases is carried out using nucleot(s)ide analogues. The ultimate goal of the therapy depends on the period of its administration – in acute or chronic hepatitis. The influence of the molecular genetic profile of the hepatitis B virus on the effectiveness of therapy in both acute and chronic forms of the disease has not yet been established, which requires further research. Objective. To assess the possibilities of modern etiotropic therapy in acute and chronic forms of hepatitis B. Material and methods. The article analyzes the indicators of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data of patients who received etiotropic therapy with nucleot(s)ide analogues. Results. Etiotropic therapy resulted in a viral load decrease to an undetectable level in all patients regardless of the course of hepatitis B and infection with either a "mutant" or "wild" virus strain. In acute hepatitis B, HBV DNA was not detected in 100% of cases after 24 weeks of therapy, in HBsAg seroconversion - after 36 weeks; in chronic hepatitis B - after 36 weeks without HBsAg seroconversion. Six months after the completion of the treatment, the patients with chronic hepatitis B developed relapse in 89.7% of cases, but the viral load was less than 2000 IU / ml, and the severity of liver fibrosis was insignificant. In the rest of the cases, resumption of therapy was required. Conclusions. It was found that mutations of the hepatitis B virus do not affect the effectiveness of etiotropic therapy. The rate of viral load decrease correlates with the form of hepatitis B and is significantly higher in acute disease.
背景。目前，乙型肝炎的致病因治疗在大多数情况下是使用核苷类似物进行的。治疗的最终目的取决于给药的时间——急性或慢性肝炎。乙型肝炎病毒的分子遗传谱对急性和慢性乙型肝炎治疗有效性的影响尚未确定，这需要进一步研究。目标。评估现代致病因治疗急性和慢性乙型肝炎的可能性。本文分析了接受核苷类似物致病因治疗患者的临床指标、实验室指标和仪器数据。结果。致病因治疗导致所有患者的病毒载量下降到无法检测的水平，无论乙肝病程如何，感染的是“突变”病毒株还是“野生”病毒株。在急性乙型肝炎中，治疗24周后没有100%的病例检测到HBV DNA，治疗36周后HBsAg血清转化;慢性乙型肝炎- 36周后无HBsAg血清转化。治疗结束6个月后，89.7%的慢性乙型肝炎患者复发，但病毒载量低于2000 IU / ml，肝纤维化严重程度不显著。在其余病例中，需要恢复治疗。结论。研究发现，乙型肝炎病毒的突变不影响致病因治疗的有效性。病毒载量下降率与乙型肝炎的形式相关，在急性疾病中明显更高。
{"title":"ETIOTROPIC THERAPY FOR DIFFERENT FORMS OF HEPATITIS B","authors":"E. N. Priima, A. D. Bushmanova, K. E. Novak, E. Esaulenko","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-50-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-50-55","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Currently, etiotropic therapy of hepatitis B in most cases is carried out using nucleot(s)ide analogues. The ultimate goal of the therapy depends on the period of its administration – in acute or chronic hepatitis. The influence of the molecular genetic profile of the hepatitis B virus on the effectiveness of therapy in both acute and chronic forms of the disease has not yet been established, which requires further research. Objective. To assess the possibilities of modern etiotropic therapy in acute and chronic forms of hepatitis B. Material and methods. The article analyzes the indicators of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data of patients who received etiotropic therapy with nucleot(s)ide analogues. Results. Etiotropic therapy resulted in a viral load decrease to an undetectable level in all patients regardless of the course of hepatitis B and infection with either a \"mutant\" or \"wild\" virus strain. In acute hepatitis B, HBV DNA was not detected in 100% of cases after 24 weeks of therapy, in HBsAg seroconversion - after 36 weeks; in chronic hepatitis B - after 36 weeks without HBsAg seroconversion. Six months after the completion of the treatment, the patients with chronic hepatitis B developed relapse in 89.7% of cases, but the viral load was less than 2000 IU / ml, and the severity of liver fibrosis was insignificant. In the rest of the cases, resumption of therapy was required. Conclusions. It was found that mutations of the hepatitis B virus do not affect the effectiveness of etiotropic therapy. The rate of viral load decrease correlates with the form of hepatitis B and is significantly higher in acute disease.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45480462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-56-60
G. M. Jeenalieva
Background. Viral hepatitis C (CHC) is an urgent problem due to its prevalence, high risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Viral hepatitis C can cause disruption of many biochemical processes in the liver cells, primarily that of carbohydrate - lipid metabolism. Objective. To study carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disturbances in patients with CHC. Material and methods. The study included 124 patients with paucisymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the indicators recommended by the Committee of Experts of the Russian Society of Cardiology (2007). Results. The parameters of lipid metabolism were studied in 52 of 124 patients with CHC. 29 of 52 patients with CHC (55.7%) showed a decrease in HDL cholesterol and an increase in LDL cholesterol, including a 2- fold increase in VLDL. The metabolic syndrome was detected in 22.5% of patients with CHC, 62.9% of patients had the manifestations of dyslipidemia (steatosis or steatohepatitis of the liver, obesity, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus). Conclusions. In patients with CHC, carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disturbance was revealed as an integral indicator of metabolic syndrome, its incidence rising with the increase in activity and duration of the infectious process.
{"title":"THE SIGNS OF CARBOHYDRATE-LIPID METABOLISM DISTURBANCE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C","authors":"G. M. Jeenalieva","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-56-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-56-60","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Viral hepatitis C (CHC) is an urgent problem due to its prevalence, high risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Viral hepatitis C can cause disruption of many biochemical processes in the liver cells, primarily that of carbohydrate - lipid metabolism. Objective. To study carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disturbances in patients with CHC. Material and methods. The study included 124 patients with paucisymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the indicators recommended by the Committee of Experts of the Russian Society of Cardiology (2007). Results. The parameters of lipid metabolism were studied in 52 of 124 patients with CHC. 29 of 52 patients with CHC (55.7%) showed a decrease in HDL cholesterol and an increase in LDL cholesterol, including a 2- fold increase in VLDL. The metabolic syndrome was detected in 22.5% of patients with CHC, 62.9% of patients had the manifestations of dyslipidemia (steatosis or steatohepatitis of the liver, obesity, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus). Conclusions. In patients with CHC, carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disturbance was revealed as an integral indicator of metabolic syndrome, its incidence rising with the increase in activity and duration of the infectious process.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43429975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-89-92
Z. P. Lemeshevskaya, M. V. Pavlukevich, N. I. Procopchik
Background. COVID-19 infection keeps changing our understanding of its clinical course when associated with various somatic diseases. Objective. To present a clinical case of a patient with non-specific ulcerative colitis (NUC) and COVID-19 infection. Material and methods: medical documentation, general clinical, laboratory and instrumental data as well as histological examination of bioptates stained with hematoxylin and eosin that were obtained during colonoscopy. Results. The article presents a case history of a patient with manifestations of severe total NUC developed in association with the subclinical form of COVID-19 infection, the former being the cause of death in concomitant pathology. Conclusions. This clinical case describes a variant of an unfavorable outcome of NUC, one of the reasons for the manifestation of which was the atypical form of COVID-19 infection, which became a trigger for an autoimmune inflammatory process in the intestine. The accumulation of new knowledge about the features of the pathogenesis and manifestations of both pathologies will make it possible to improve the effectiveness of treatment and predict the course and outcomes of combined pathology.
{"title":"NON-SPECIFIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND COVID-19, A CASE STUDY","authors":"Z. P. Lemeshevskaya, M. V. Pavlukevich, N. I. Procopchik","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-89-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-89-92","url":null,"abstract":"Background. COVID-19 infection keeps changing our understanding of its clinical course when associated with various somatic diseases. Objective. To present a clinical case of a patient with non-specific ulcerative colitis (NUC) and COVID-19 infection. Material and methods: medical documentation, general clinical, laboratory and instrumental data as well as histological examination of bioptates stained with hematoxylin and eosin that were obtained during colonoscopy. Results. The article presents a case history of a patient with manifestations of severe total NUC developed in association with the subclinical form of COVID-19 infection, the former being the cause of death in concomitant pathology. Conclusions. This clinical case describes a variant of an unfavorable outcome of NUC, one of the reasons for the manifestation of which was the atypical form of COVID-19 infection, which became a trigger for an autoimmune inflammatory process in the intestine. The accumulation of new knowledge about the features of the pathogenesis and manifestations of both pathologies will make it possible to improve the effectiveness of treatment and predict the course and outcomes of combined pathology.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49224099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-25-29
N. Silivontchik, A. I. Lednik, O. P. Levchuk, L. Plotnikova
Measurement of serum enzyme activity is one of the most common laboratory tests. Increased activity may be caused by abnormal enzymes with a high molecular mass, the so-called macroenzymes. Macroenzymes may be seen in healthy subjects, but can also be related to disease. Macro-aspartate aminotransferase (macro-AST) is a macroenzyme that results from an enzymatic complex consisting of AST linked to serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG or both). MacroAST persistence is a rare benign condition. Macro-AST is generally characterized by increased serum AST activity. The article contains analysis of literature data on patients with macro-AST.
{"title":"MACRO-ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE","authors":"N. Silivontchik, A. I. Lednik, O. P. Levchuk, L. Plotnikova","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-25-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-25-29","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of serum enzyme activity is one of the most common laboratory tests. Increased activity may be caused by abnormal enzymes with a high molecular mass, the so-called macroenzymes. Macroenzymes may be seen in healthy subjects, but can also be related to disease. Macro-aspartate aminotransferase (macro-AST) is a macroenzyme that results from an enzymatic complex consisting of AST linked to serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG or both). MacroAST persistence is a rare benign condition. Macro-AST is generally characterized by increased serum AST activity. The article contains analysis of literature data on patients with macro-AST.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44004324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-30-36
T. Artyukh, T. N. Sokolova, V. Sheibak
The article outlines the main methods of studying microbial biofilms, which make it possible to reveal: the patterns of biofilm formation by microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family, genetic programs regulating the processes of film formation, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the components of microbial communities, the influence of external factors on the stages of biofilm formation and dispersion. The study of the phenomenon of film formation in combination with monitoring the resistance of intestinal microorganisms in the biofilm to antibacterial drugs will make it possible to get closer to understanding the role of biofilms in the course of infectious processes of a microbial origin.
{"title":"MODERN METHODS FOR RESEARCHING MICROBIAL BIOFILMS OF THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE FAMILY","authors":"T. Artyukh, T. N. Sokolova, V. Sheibak","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-30-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-30-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article outlines the main methods of studying microbial biofilms, which make it possible to reveal: the patterns of biofilm formation by microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family, genetic programs regulating the processes of film formation, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the components of microbial communities, the influence of external factors on the stages of biofilm formation and dispersion. The study of the phenomenon of film formation in combination with monitoring the resistance of intestinal microorganisms in the biofilm to antibacterial drugs will make it possible to get closer to understanding the role of biofilms in the course of infectious processes of a microbial origin.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43380441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-37-43
A. N. Ignatsiuk, A. Karpitski
Background. Rendering medical care to patients with damage and failure of esophageal sutures remains a controversial and relevant topic. Objective. To provide a literature review on the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal perforation (EP), paying particular attention to the group of patients with delayed admission to the hospital and with various complications. Material and methods. The data published by domestic and foreign authors are analyzed and treatment outcomes of patients with EP admitted to the Department of thoracic surgery of Brest Regional Clinical Hospital are presented. Results. The literature data on EP treatment options are reflected and clinical outcomes of EP patients treated in the Department of thoracic surgery of the Healthcare Institution ‘Brest Regional Clinical Hospital’ using an original technique involving installation of a collapsible T-shaped drainage system with the formation of a “controlled fistula” are presented. The mortality rate of patients with endoscopic interventions for PN amounted to 10%. Conclusions. Currently, according to various authors, the overall EP mortality rate reaches 67%. The use of videothoracoscopic interventions for EP can reduce the mortality up to 10%.
{"title":"ESOPHAGEAL PERFORATIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT","authors":"A. N. Ignatsiuk, A. Karpitski","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-37-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-37-43","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Rendering medical care to patients with damage and failure of esophageal sutures remains a controversial and relevant topic. Objective. To provide a literature review on the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal perforation (EP), paying particular attention to the group of patients with delayed admission to the hospital and with various complications. Material and methods. The data published by domestic and foreign authors are analyzed and treatment outcomes of patients with EP admitted to the Department of thoracic surgery of Brest Regional Clinical Hospital are presented. Results. The literature data on EP treatment options are reflected and clinical outcomes of EP patients treated in the Department of thoracic surgery of the Healthcare Institution ‘Brest Regional Clinical Hospital’ using an original technique involving installation of a collapsible T-shaped drainage system with the formation of a “controlled fistula” are presented. The mortality rate of patients with endoscopic interventions for PN amounted to 10%. Conclusions. Currently, according to various authors, the overall EP mortality rate reaches 67%. The use of videothoracoscopic interventions for EP can reduce the mortality up to 10%.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48284378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-61-64
P. V. Harelik, M. I. Mileshko, A. N. Dziashuk, O. A. Fisenko
Background. Due to the use of modern diagnostic technique the detection rate of gallbladder polyps constitutes 3-6%, and the number of cholecystectomies for polyps reaches up to 10% of all operations on this organ. Objective. To evaluate diagnosis and treatment outcomes in patients with gallbladder polyps and to define specific indications for surgical treatment (on the basis of a large number of observations). Material and methods. The article evaluates diagnosis and treatment outcomes in 237 patients with gallbladder polyps. Results. 235 (99,2%) patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 2 (0,8%) patients with concomitant postoperative ventral hernia underwent herniolaparotomy, open cholecystectomy, anterior abdominal wall repair using a polypropylene mesh. Conclusions. Patients with small polyps (up to 5 mm) undergo follow-up ultrasound examination every 6 months; in case of doubtful findings CT or MRI of the gallbladder should be performed. The patients with medium polyps (5-10 mm) undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy provided the polyps are multiple or with a broad base, otherwise such patients are followed-up. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be performed in case of large polyps or in patients with gallstone disease regardless of polyp size.
{"title":"SURGICAL TACTICS FOR GALLBLADDER POLYPS","authors":"P. V. Harelik, M. I. Mileshko, A. N. Dziashuk, O. A. Fisenko","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-61-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-61-64","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Due to the use of modern diagnostic technique the detection rate of gallbladder polyps constitutes 3-6%, and the number of cholecystectomies for polyps reaches up to 10% of all operations on this organ. Objective. To evaluate diagnosis and treatment outcomes in patients with gallbladder polyps and to define specific indications for surgical treatment (on the basis of a large number of observations). Material and methods. The article evaluates diagnosis and treatment outcomes in 237 patients with gallbladder polyps. Results. 235 (99,2%) patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 2 (0,8%) patients with concomitant postoperative ventral hernia underwent herniolaparotomy, open cholecystectomy, anterior abdominal wall repair using a polypropylene mesh. Conclusions. Patients with small polyps (up to 5 mm) undergo follow-up ultrasound examination every 6 months; in case of doubtful findings CT or MRI of the gallbladder should be performed. The patients with medium polyps (5-10 mm) undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy provided the polyps are multiple or with a broad base, otherwise such patients are followed-up. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be performed in case of large polyps or in patients with gallstone disease regardless of polyp size.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47435577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-17-24
Рак Печени, O. E. Kuznetsov, V. Tsyrkunov
The review presents epidemiological data on the prevalence of hepatocellular liver cancer (HCC) in different countries of the world including the Republic of Belarus, that belongs to the countries with a low prevalence of HCC. The review also contains information about variants of liver cancer associated with various hepatotropic viruses (HBV, HCV, HDV), the pathological process in which manifests itself as a mono or mixed viral infection. The mechanisms of transformation of an infectious process into an oncological one are considered. The importance of liver cirrhosis fibrosis in the development of cancer as a competing disease, the peculiarities of the morphological picture in the liver and the effect of therapy on the course of cirrhosis and hepatocellular liver cancer are emphasized.
{"title":"VIRUS-ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLULAR LIVER CANCER","authors":"Рак Печени, O. E. Kuznetsov, V. Tsyrkunov","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-17-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2021-5-1-17-24","url":null,"abstract":"The review presents epidemiological data on the prevalence of hepatocellular liver cancer (HCC) in different countries of the world including the Republic of Belarus, that belongs to the countries with a low prevalence of HCC. The review also contains information about variants of liver cancer associated with various hepatotropic viruses (HBV, HCV, HDV), the pathological process in which manifests itself as a mono or mixed viral infection. The mechanisms of transformation of an infectious process into an oncological one are considered. The importance of liver cirrhosis fibrosis in the development of cancer as a competing disease, the peculiarities of the morphological picture in the liver and the effect of therapy on the course of cirrhosis and hepatocellular liver cancer are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48730986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-04DOI: 10.25298/2616-5546-2020-4-1-90-95
Y. Novogrodskaya, A. Astrowskaja, R. Kravchuk, Y. Doroshenko, I. Huliai, A. Aleschyk, S. Shalesnaja, M. Kurbat
Background. The methods used in modelling of toxic liver damage are not always suitable for cirrhosis modelling, due to high mortality rate of experimental animals and poorly reproducible biochemical and morphological manifestations. Objective – to elaborate an experimental model of liver damage in rats, describe morphological changes in the liver as well as biochemical parameters revealing free radical processes and the state of antioxidant protection system in blood plasma of rats after prolonged administration of thioacetamide (ТАА). Material and methods. Rat liver damage was produced by TAA administration (200 mg/kg every other day, for 1 and for 3 months). The liver was subject to histological examination (hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory staining). The following biochemical parameters of blood plasma were determined: the activity of catalase, the content of malonic dialdehyde, diene/triene conjugates, and ceruloplasmin. Results. Long administration of TAA for 1 month induced the morphological picture of toxic hepatitis, for 3 months the micronodular liver cirrhosis characterized by pronounced fibrosis with rearrangement of lobular structure of the liver. Cirrhosis was also accompanied by changes in indices of free radical processes and antioxidant protection. Conclusions. 3-month intake of ТАА in the dose of 200 mg/kg every other day can be used for the reproduction of liver cirrhosis in rats. The latter is accompanied by elevation of plasma content of diene/triene conjugates and the activity of catalase, decrease of the level of ceruloplasmin, the malonic dialdehyde level being unchanged.
{"title":"THE METHOD OF MODELLING OF EXPERIMENTAL THIOACETAMIDE LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS","authors":"Y. Novogrodskaya, A. Astrowskaja, R. Kravchuk, Y. Doroshenko, I. Huliai, A. Aleschyk, S. Shalesnaja, M. Kurbat","doi":"10.25298/2616-5546-2020-4-1-90-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2020-4-1-90-95","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The methods used in modelling of toxic liver damage are not always suitable for cirrhosis modelling, due to high mortality rate of experimental animals and poorly reproducible biochemical and morphological manifestations. Objective – to elaborate an experimental model of liver damage in rats, describe morphological changes in the liver as well as biochemical parameters revealing free radical processes and the state of antioxidant protection system in blood plasma of rats after prolonged administration of thioacetamide (ТАА). Material and methods. Rat liver damage was produced by TAA administration (200 mg/kg every other day, for 1 and for 3 months). The liver was subject to histological examination (hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory staining). The following biochemical parameters of blood plasma were determined: the activity of catalase, the content of malonic dialdehyde, diene/triene conjugates, and ceruloplasmin. Results. Long administration of TAA for 1 month induced the morphological picture of toxic hepatitis, for 3 months the micronodular liver cirrhosis characterized by pronounced fibrosis with rearrangement of lobular structure of the liver. Cirrhosis was also accompanied by changes in indices of free radical processes and antioxidant protection. Conclusions. 3-month intake of ТАА in the dose of 200 mg/kg every other day can be used for the reproduction of liver cirrhosis in rats. The latter is accompanied by elevation of plasma content of diene/triene conjugates and the activity of catalase, decrease of the level of ceruloplasmin, the malonic dialdehyde level being unchanged.","PeriodicalId":34878,"journal":{"name":"Gepatologiia i gastroenterologiia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46778283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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