Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416611
R. Jez, M. Lazarczyk
Oil & Gas industry is a major consumer of electrical power. Its focus on subsea oil fields development lead to emerging of new types of electrical loads and new design approaches. One of such technologies is Electrically Trace Heated Pipe-in-Pipe (ETH-PiP). This paper focuses on power system protection challenges posed by electrical loads in form of long, heated pipelines with distributed electrical parameters based on ETH-PiP particulars. Since such electrical heating systems are terminated with permanent short circuit, a thorough protection analysis has to be conducted to ensure high robustness of the system. After a brief overview of the system application and its driving factors, a characteristic of such electrical load is described, followed by an example of analysis and discussion of typical protection functions applicability.
{"title":"Understanding Trace-Heated Pipelines Electrical Protection Challenges and Associated Solutions","authors":"R. Jez, M. Lazarczyk","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416611","url":null,"abstract":"Oil & Gas industry is a major consumer of electrical power. Its focus on subsea oil fields development lead to emerging of new types of electrical loads and new design approaches. One of such technologies is Electrically Trace Heated Pipe-in-Pipe (ETH-PiP). This paper focuses on power system protection challenges posed by electrical loads in form of long, heated pipelines with distributed electrical parameters based on ETH-PiP particulars. Since such electrical heating systems are terminated with permanent short circuit, a thorough protection analysis has to be conducted to ensure high robustness of the system. After a brief overview of the system application and its driving factors, a characteristic of such electrical load is described, followed by an example of analysis and discussion of typical protection functions applicability.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115416512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416637
A. Mondal, V. Bhavaraju, Souvik Chandra, Yi Yang, E. Buck
This paper describes the implementation of a microgrid with upgrade of existing distributed energy resources (DERs), design of the MV interconnection, and implementation of a microgrid control system to meet the Department of Defense (DoD) needs at Fort Custer, Michigan. A battery energy storage system (BESS) was newly installed to manage intermittencies for the existing solar generation and to support the microgrid. A proven microgrid controller was added to the system with upgrade of the network interface. The individual DER assets were integrated with the Microgrid and controlled in a coordinated manner to achieve seamless islanding and reconnection with the utility grid at the point of common coupling (PCC), managed by a control-plus-protection integrated switchgear. The paper provides the test data demonstrating the improvement in resiliency through islanded operation as well as maintaining power quality when operating in parallel with the utility. The economic operation of the assets and participation in utility ancillary services for the microgrid is also discussed. This ability allows the military to reduce their TCO (total cost of ownership) to achieve their mandated energy security needs with the microgrid.
{"title":"DER Control and Utility Interconnection Management of a Distributed Microgrid","authors":"A. Mondal, V. Bhavaraju, Souvik Chandra, Yi Yang, E. Buck","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416637","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the implementation of a microgrid with upgrade of existing distributed energy resources (DERs), design of the MV interconnection, and implementation of a microgrid control system to meet the Department of Defense (DoD) needs at Fort Custer, Michigan. A battery energy storage system (BESS) was newly installed to manage intermittencies for the existing solar generation and to support the microgrid. A proven microgrid controller was added to the system with upgrade of the network interface. The individual DER assets were integrated with the Microgrid and controlled in a coordinated manner to achieve seamless islanding and reconnection with the utility grid at the point of common coupling (PCC), managed by a control-plus-protection integrated switchgear. The paper provides the test data demonstrating the improvement in resiliency through islanded operation as well as maintaining power quality when operating in parallel with the utility. The economic operation of the assets and participation in utility ancillary services for the microgrid is also discussed. This ability allows the military to reduce their TCO (total cost of ownership) to achieve their mandated energy security needs with the microgrid.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"34-35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114915795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416633
David F. Celeita, M. Petit, T. Le, Amine Hmaidouch
Traditional protective relays work based on a frequency domain since many decades ago. Over the last decades, the fundamentals of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) have shown fair performance when computing the signals before entering a protection algorithm. However, modern power systems integrate complex elements that may affect the response of a trip under particular faults. This research addresses the problem of the phasor computing of a traditional relay. The problem is identified specifically with the selectivity and the accuracy of zone detection for an impedance based protection. A novel moving average module is proposed and assessed with playback simulation and further development of a prototype in a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) for the industrial development of relays. The contribution is focused on the better accuracy of zone detection, including higher selectivity with a low impact on the protection speed.
{"title":"A moving average smoother to improve the accuracy of impedance based protection","authors":"David F. Celeita, M. Petit, T. Le, Amine Hmaidouch","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416633","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional protective relays work based on a frequency domain since many decades ago. Over the last decades, the fundamentals of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) have shown fair performance when computing the signals before entering a protection algorithm. However, modern power systems integrate complex elements that may affect the response of a trip under particular faults. This research addresses the problem of the phasor computing of a traditional relay. The problem is identified specifically with the selectivity and the accuracy of zone detection for an impedance based protection. A novel moving average module is proposed and assessed with playback simulation and further development of a prototype in a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) for the industrial development of relays. The contribution is focused on the better accuracy of zone detection, including higher selectivity with a low impact on the protection speed.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"316 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115559034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416624
Md Rahan Chowdhury, A. Jobayer, Long Zhao
Due to global environmental issues, rising energy demand, and declining per unit generation cost of renewable energy sources (RES), RES has gradually replaced a large portion of conventional energy generations over the last few decades. According to the United States utility-scale, distributed energy resources (DER) such as wind and solar energy have an annual growth rate of 10% and 49%, respectively, from 2009 to 2019. In the Contiguous United States, the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) serves 12% of the nation's electricity customers, which covers 56% of the landmass of the region. Around 55% of all renewable energy projects have been directed to rural areas by the U.S. government because of the large land space requirements of wind and solar generations. In this paper, the development of DER, including wind and solar generations for the rural electric system in the United States is presented. Additionally, the potential of distributed wind and solar energies in rural electric systems is discussed considering the most recent Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Order 2222. Preliminary analysis for wind and solar generations is conducted in this paper.
{"title":"Potential of Distributed Energy Resources for Electric Cooperatives in the United States","authors":"Md Rahan Chowdhury, A. Jobayer, Long Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416624","url":null,"abstract":"Due to global environmental issues, rising energy demand, and declining per unit generation cost of renewable energy sources (RES), RES has gradually replaced a large portion of conventional energy generations over the last few decades. According to the United States utility-scale, distributed energy resources (DER) such as wind and solar energy have an annual growth rate of 10% and 49%, respectively, from 2009 to 2019. In the Contiguous United States, the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) serves 12% of the nation's electricity customers, which covers 56% of the landmass of the region. Around 55% of all renewable energy projects have been directed to rural areas by the U.S. government because of the large land space requirements of wind and solar generations. In this paper, the development of DER, including wind and solar generations for the rural electric system in the United States is presented. Additionally, the potential of distributed wind and solar energies in rural electric systems is discussed considering the most recent Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Order 2222. Preliminary analysis for wind and solar generations is conducted in this paper.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123467018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To improve the adaptability for renewable energy sources (RES), a multi-time scale optimal dispatching strategy based on the scenario method is proposed in the active distribution network (ADN). In the day-ahead stage, polynomial normal transformation and Latin hypercube sampling technology are employed to generate scenarios with temporal correlation. By optimizing the operation state of slow-response resources, the expected cost of ADN under all scenarios achieves a minimum. In the intraday stage, based on the updated predicted output of RES, the operation status of the fast-response resources is optimized using the same procedure. In the real-time stage, a rolling finite time-domain optimization strategy is adopted to minimize the deviation between the actual output and the intraday reference. Through the coordination of different time scales, the proposed method can reduce the action numbers of discrete reactive power compensation devices and restrain the fluctuation of bus voltage. A case study on a modified IEEE 33-bus system verified the economy and effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Multi-Time Scale Active and Reactive Power Coordinated Optimal Dispatch in Active Distribution Network Based on Scenario Method","authors":"Shuai Chen, Chengfu Wang, Hongzhang Sheng, Zhenwei Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416635","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the adaptability for renewable energy sources (RES), a multi-time scale optimal dispatching strategy based on the scenario method is proposed in the active distribution network (ADN). In the day-ahead stage, polynomial normal transformation and Latin hypercube sampling technology are employed to generate scenarios with temporal correlation. By optimizing the operation state of slow-response resources, the expected cost of ADN under all scenarios achieves a minimum. In the intraday stage, based on the updated predicted output of RES, the operation status of the fast-response resources is optimized using the same procedure. In the real-time stage, a rolling finite time-domain optimization strategy is adopted to minimize the deviation between the actual output and the intraday reference. Through the coordination of different time scales, the proposed method can reduce the action numbers of discrete reactive power compensation devices and restrain the fluctuation of bus voltage. A case study on a modified IEEE 33-bus system verified the economy and effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132558509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416618
Quynh Thi Tu Tran, Kevin L. Davies, Leon R. Roose
This paper proposed a low-cost method to build the machine learning training dataset for assessing service transformer health by using fuzzy logic method. The training dataset is tested on a stimulated 50kVA server transformer. The monitoring data is collected from the real-time energy monitoring device which is installed near the transformer to measure ambient temperature, current, and voltage. The condition of transformer is evaluated by using Support Vector Machine algorithm. The data generation proposed in this paper has high feature continuity and good scalability that can be used as a training data for machine learning, deep learning models.
{"title":"Building Machine learning datasets for oil-immersed service transformer health assessment using Fuzzy logic method","authors":"Quynh Thi Tu Tran, Kevin L. Davies, Leon R. Roose","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416618","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed a low-cost method to build the machine learning training dataset for assessing service transformer health by using fuzzy logic method. The training dataset is tested on a stimulated 50kVA server transformer. The monitoring data is collected from the real-time energy monitoring device which is installed near the transformer to measure ambient temperature, current, and voltage. The condition of transformer is evaluated by using Support Vector Machine algorithm. The data generation proposed in this paper has high feature continuity and good scalability that can be used as a training data for machine learning, deep learning models.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134588696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416636
Anusha Papasani, Kaynat Zia, Weijen Lee
The power system industry often operates close to its limits to accommodate the increased demand posing a high risk of blackouts. Power system restoration techniques are utilized post breakout focusing on load pickup and speedy recovery. In traditional heuristic methods, the load is considered to be constant after it is picked. However, from a system operation point of view, the load varies once picked up. This is commonly observed in industrial loads. In Industrial systems, loads, which involve many induction motors. The high starting currents of the induction motors leads to voltage sags that may affect variable speed drives and cause contactors to drop out. If the load variation and inrush currents are not considered, load will be significantly underestimated at the time of pickup which might lead to a system re-collapse. Besides, one may have to prioritize the loads to help the operator during restoration. An automatic power system restoration tool is developed using graph theory to provide an efficient restoration path and considers the priority of loads, Cold load pickup, Inrush currents, and load variation after picking up for a smooth and successful restoration process. Evolution of smart grid, the Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) has been deployed throughout the power system network for monitoring and control. Therefore, this paper takes advantages on the availability of IEDs to report the loads right before the blackout and the real-time load during the restoration. The industrial system is used as a test case to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
{"title":"Automatic Power System Restoration With Inrush Current Estimation For Industrial Facility","authors":"Anusha Papasani, Kaynat Zia, Weijen Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416636","url":null,"abstract":"The power system industry often operates close to its limits to accommodate the increased demand posing a high risk of blackouts. Power system restoration techniques are utilized post breakout focusing on load pickup and speedy recovery. In traditional heuristic methods, the load is considered to be constant after it is picked. However, from a system operation point of view, the load varies once picked up. This is commonly observed in industrial loads. In Industrial systems, loads, which involve many induction motors. The high starting currents of the induction motors leads to voltage sags that may affect variable speed drives and cause contactors to drop out. If the load variation and inrush currents are not considered, load will be significantly underestimated at the time of pickup which might lead to a system re-collapse. Besides, one may have to prioritize the loads to help the operator during restoration. An automatic power system restoration tool is developed using graph theory to provide an efficient restoration path and considers the priority of loads, Cold load pickup, Inrush currents, and load variation after picking up for a smooth and successful restoration process. Evolution of smart grid, the Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) has been deployed throughout the power system network for monitoring and control. Therefore, this paper takes advantages on the availability of IEDs to report the loads right before the blackout and the real-time load during the restoration. The industrial system is used as a test case to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114439354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416620
Ming-Tse Kuo
In this study, a low voltage ride-through (LVRT) curve was produced to facilitate stable operation of solar power systems when connected to electric grids in an extensive scale. The procedure for establishing a LVRT curve was as follows: The power flow was first simulated, after which various three-phase short-circuit fault cases were simulated to perform steady-state and transient stability analyses. After the lowest voltage, critical clearing time, and other factors were identified, a LVRT curve was established for a solar power system to better accommodate regional demands, reduce the probability of solar power system tripping caused by system failures, and maintaining stability. To ensure that the parameters used in this study complied with relevant energy policies, the IEEE 39 Bus power system was used as the electric grid and verifications performed using actual Taiwan Power Company systems. The Taiwan Power Company's 2025 data were used with peak and off-peak systems operating during the summer and winter, respectively. The solar power systems were connected to electric grids in central and southern Taiwan, and regulations stipulated in the guidelines were referenced for subsequent analyses. Whether results satisfied related power regulations could thereby be determined. A LVRT curve was established based on the real power, reactive power, voltage, and system rotational angles measured during system failures. The simulation results showed that no solar power system tripping occurred, and system stability was maintained. The LVRT curve proposed in this study can be referenced by countries worldwide for the establishment of LVRT curve.
{"title":"Establishment of Low Voltage Ride-Through Curves and Stability Analysis with High Photovoltaic Penetration in Power Systems","authors":"Ming-Tse Kuo","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416620","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a low voltage ride-through (LVRT) curve was produced to facilitate stable operation of solar power systems when connected to electric grids in an extensive scale. The procedure for establishing a LVRT curve was as follows: The power flow was first simulated, after which various three-phase short-circuit fault cases were simulated to perform steady-state and transient stability analyses. After the lowest voltage, critical clearing time, and other factors were identified, a LVRT curve was established for a solar power system to better accommodate regional demands, reduce the probability of solar power system tripping caused by system failures, and maintaining stability. To ensure that the parameters used in this study complied with relevant energy policies, the IEEE 39 Bus power system was used as the electric grid and verifications performed using actual Taiwan Power Company systems. The Taiwan Power Company's 2025 data were used with peak and off-peak systems operating during the summer and winter, respectively. The solar power systems were connected to electric grids in central and southern Taiwan, and regulations stipulated in the guidelines were referenced for subsequent analyses. Whether results satisfied related power regulations could thereby be determined. A LVRT curve was established based on the real power, reactive power, voltage, and system rotational angles measured during system failures. The simulation results showed that no solar power system tripping occurred, and system stability was maintained. The LVRT curve proposed in this study can be referenced by countries worldwide for the establishment of LVRT curve.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114664577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416598
G. Parise, L. Parise, M. Allegri, M. Mazzaro, R. Pennacchia, F. Regoli, V. Marra
A high diffusion of electric vehicles promoted by international policies for the gas emissions reduction requires the electrification of car parks. The literature on e-mobility is currently very numerous on the problems of the energy demand that the diffusion of EVs will pose and on the integration systems with renewable sources. This paper focuses on the power distribution system for several cars in an electrified outdoor parking that requires special arrangements that are solved at present adapting existing components to the specific use and prospecting the development of dedicated components in the near future. It suggests a system topology that promotes the modularity for outdoor parking to facilitate the installation, maintenance, operation and efficient control. In particular, it proposes LV prefabricated busbars for the power distribution to the recharging sockets along the main lines of the parking lot. The safety problems mainly related to the risk of fire and/ or explosion of the EVs, contribute to determine for EV parks some characteristics of sizing, equipment and the need to define some forensic aspects. The parking power supply system can be integrated with photovoltaic panel covers and with storage systems as flywheel of energy absorption.
{"title":"Power System Topology for EV Parks","authors":"G. Parise, L. Parise, M. Allegri, M. Mazzaro, R. Pennacchia, F. Regoli, V. Marra","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416598","url":null,"abstract":"A high diffusion of electric vehicles promoted by international policies for the gas emissions reduction requires the electrification of car parks. The literature on e-mobility is currently very numerous on the problems of the energy demand that the diffusion of EVs will pose and on the integration systems with renewable sources. This paper focuses on the power distribution system for several cars in an electrified outdoor parking that requires special arrangements that are solved at present adapting existing components to the specific use and prospecting the development of dedicated components in the near future. It suggests a system topology that promotes the modularity for outdoor parking to facilitate the installation, maintenance, operation and efficient control. In particular, it proposes LV prefabricated busbars for the power distribution to the recharging sockets along the main lines of the parking lot. The safety problems mainly related to the risk of fire and/ or explosion of the EVs, contribute to determine for EV parks some characteristics of sizing, equipment and the need to define some forensic aspects. The parking power supply system can be integrated with photovoltaic panel covers and with storage systems as flywheel of energy absorption.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116183576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416592
Jingang Lai, Xiaoqing Lu, Fei Wang
This paper proposes a multiagent-based distributed self-organizing control scheme that will enable the power sharing of massive renewable distributed generators (DG) in a low-voltage microgird. The proposed fully distributed self-organizing control strategy can achieve effective power sharing challenge among massive DGs by adopts a peer-to-peer diffusion protocol, in which DGs from the same neighborhood are allowed to communicate with each other at every iteration. Furthermore, learning adaptability via automatic agent discovery is proposed to alter topologies as a result of incoming or outgoing DGs in the microgird network. The resulting algorithm is distributed, cooperative and able to respond in real time to changes in the environment. Eventually, the proposed algorithm is superior over consensus algorithms in terms of convergence speed and utilizes reduced communication infrastructure compared to centralized controllers. The proposed approach can handle networks of different size and topology using the information about the number of nodes which is also evaluated in a distributed fashion. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified under various scenarios by a modified IEEE 34-bus test network.
{"title":"Distributed Diffusion-Oriented Cooperation for Power Sharing in Self-Expanding Microgrids","authors":"Jingang Lai, Xiaoqing Lu, Fei Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS51807.2021.9416592","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a multiagent-based distributed self-organizing control scheme that will enable the power sharing of massive renewable distributed generators (DG) in a low-voltage microgird. The proposed fully distributed self-organizing control strategy can achieve effective power sharing challenge among massive DGs by adopts a peer-to-peer diffusion protocol, in which DGs from the same neighborhood are allowed to communicate with each other at every iteration. Furthermore, learning adaptability via automatic agent discovery is proposed to alter topologies as a result of incoming or outgoing DGs in the microgird network. The resulting algorithm is distributed, cooperative and able to respond in real time to changes in the environment. Eventually, the proposed algorithm is superior over consensus algorithms in terms of convergence speed and utilizes reduced communication infrastructure compared to centralized controllers. The proposed approach can handle networks of different size and topology using the information about the number of nodes which is also evaluated in a distributed fashion. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified under various scenarios by a modified IEEE 34-bus test network.","PeriodicalId":350508,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/IAS 57th Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128636462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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