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2021 11th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC)最新文献

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Parameter Study on the Effects of Spot-welding on the Electromagnetic Properties of Magnetic Cores Constructed from Electrical Steel. 点焊对电工钢磁芯电磁性能影响的参数研究。
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684225
D. Ukwungwu, T. Krichel, B. Schauerte, N. Leuning, S. Olschok, U. Reisgen, K. Hameyer
In this paper, a parameter study on the effects of spot-welding of thin electrical steel sheets is reported and evaluated by experimental measurements. Welding is a typical method to connect iron stacks of electrical machines. However, this process deteriorates the magnetic properties of the said electrical sheets, thereby increasing the iron losses and decreasing the magnetization of the magnetic core. The effects of three main welding process parameters namely: laser-power, laser focal position and working pressure are studied and evaluated. The dependency of the material degradation due to these parameters are quantified and metrologically characterized. In particular the approach of a stochastic spot-welding procedure is studied. This is due to its apparently less electromagnetic degradation, when compared to other welding procedures. Employing the stochastic spot-welding joins two or three single ring-shaped sheets together in an stochastic pattern, which reduces the eddy-current losses around the welded point.
本文报道了薄电工钢板点焊效果的参数研究,并通过实验测量对其进行了评价。焊接是连接电机铁堆的一种典型方法。然而,这一过程恶化了所述电片的磁性,从而增加了铁损耗并降低了磁芯的磁化强度。对激光功率、激光聚焦位置和工作压力三个主要焊接工艺参数的影响进行了研究和评价。这些参数对材料降解的依赖性进行了量化和计量表征。特别研究了随机点焊过程的求解方法。这是由于其明显较少的电磁退化,当与其他焊接程序。采用随机点焊将两片或三片单环状薄板以随机方式连接在一起,减少了焊接点周围的涡流损耗。
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引用次数: 1
[Copyright notice] (版权)
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/edpc53547.2021.9684216
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引用次数: 0
Initial Strength Joining of Flat Conductor-Based Shaped Coils for Optimised Laser Welding Preparation in Hairpin Technology 基于发夹技术优化激光焊接制备的扁平导体异形线圈初始强度连接
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684220
A. Kampker, Sebastian Kawollek, Benjamin Dorn, C. Stäck
The rising electromobility represents a solution to stronger regulations and increasing environmental awareness, but also brings its own set of obstacles [1]. In order to meet increasing demand, innovative electric motor topologies have been developed, with hairpin stator technology in particular [2]. While this technology promises high potential on both the product and process side, there are still challenges that need to be addressed. Currently high scrap rates are largely attributable to laser welding. As a decisive quality-determining process step, laser welding is thus considered as a quality gate in the process chain as it represents a highly sensitive and strongly interacting process. Furthermore, the main cause of scrap in hairpin welding is often ascribed to direct and indirect weld preparation. More specifically, to the geometric alignment and clamping of the joint. Traditionally used clamping devices for this process represent a compromise between positioning accuracy and process integrity. The use of fixtureless processes, the so-called initial strength joining, promises to be a remedy. Here, an active decoupling of laser welding from the upstream processes is established. In the context of this paper, the clamping and alignment methods currently used in hairpin production are analysed. Subsequently, existing fixtureless joining techniques are collected and additionally novel approaches are developed. Here, joining techniques with the functional methods of forming, additional elements and functional integration are considered, described and evaluated with regard to their potential and functionality. Concluding, the integration capability of the developed approaches into the existing process chain is examined.
日益兴起的电动汽车代表了对更严格的监管和日益提高的环保意识的解决方案,但也带来了自己的一系列障碍[1]。为了满足日益增长的需求,人们开发了创新的电动机拓扑结构,特别是发夹定子技术[2]。虽然这项技术在产品和工艺方面都有很大的潜力,但仍有一些挑战需要解决。目前高废品率很大程度上归因于激光焊接。作为决定质量的决定性工艺步骤,激光焊接是一个高度敏感且相互作用强烈的过程,因此被认为是工艺链中的质量关口。此外,发夹焊产生废钢的主要原因往往是直接和间接的焊前准备。更具体地说,是对关节的几何对准和夹紧。传统上用于此过程的夹紧装置代表了定位精度和过程完整性之间的折衷。使用无夹具工艺,即所谓的初始强度连接,有望成为一种补救措施。在此,建立了激光焊接与上游工艺的主动解耦。本文分析了目前发卡生产中常用的夹紧和校中方法。然后,收集现有的无夹具连接技术,并开发新的方法。在这里,连接技术与形成的功能方法,附加元素和功能集成被考虑,描述和评估关于他们的潜力和功能。最后,研究了所开发方法与现有流程链的集成能力。
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引用次数: 5
Integration of electric vehicles in time-flexible charging processes through contracting models 基于契约模型的电动汽车时间柔性充电过程集成
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684213
Adrian Fehrle, Felix Funk, Franz Teske, Felix Dorscht, J. Franke
The increasing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) is leading to major challenges for utilities. The existing low-voltage grid will not be able to support the growing number of simultaneously charging vehicles and would therefore have to be expanded at high cost. In addition, these high charging phases lead to extreme demand peaks, which the utilities must meet by purchasing energy on the electricity spot market at expensive quarter-hourly rates. Through flexible charging processes controlled by the utilities, these costs could be significantly reduced. Similarly, grid utilization can be equalized by shifting the charging phases while parking to more beneficial electricity price periods. Nevertheless, it is guaranteed that there will be no comfort restrictions for the EV owner. To make this possible, EV owners have to enable the utilities to include their vehicles in the flexible charging process. In this paper, we present a contracting model for EVs, in which costumers do not buy the vehicle but lease it from the local utility instead. Reduced leasing rates incentivize end costumers to integrate their EV into the charging process optimization of the utility. Our findings show that this contracting model leads to significant cost savings for all parties involved.
电动汽车(ev)的日益普及给公用事业带来了重大挑战。现有的低压电网将无法支持越来越多的同时充电的车辆,因此必须以高成本进行扩建。此外,这些高充电阶段导致了极端的需求高峰,公用事业公司必须通过在电力现货市场上以昂贵的季度电价购买能源来满足需求。通过由公用事业公司控制的灵活的收费过程,这些成本可以大大降低。同样,通过将停车时的充电阶段转移到更有利的电价时期,可以平衡电网利用率。尽管如此,保证不会对电动车主的舒适性有任何限制。为了实现这一目标,电动汽车车主必须允许公用事业公司将他们的车辆纳入灵活的充电过程。在本文中,我们提出了一个电动汽车的合同模型,在该模型中,消费者不购买电动汽车,而是从当地公用事业公司租赁电动汽车。降低租赁费率激励终端用户将其电动汽车整合到公用事业的充电过程优化中。我们的研究结果表明,这种承包模式为所有相关方节省了大量成本。
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引用次数: 1
Design and Analysis of a Coupled Inductor for Material Reduction in a Two-Phase Buck Converter 两相降压变换器材料减量耦合电感的设计与分析
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684207
Lukas Reißenweber, Marlon Zoll, A. Stadler, D. Lange, S. Weber
Coupled inductors offer advantages in terms of cost and efficiency for multiphase DC/DC converters. Using the example of a two-phase 48/12 V buck converter, the system behavior with uncoupled and coupled inductors are compared. For the same system characteristics, less material (core and winding) is required using a coupled inductor. Three approximation equations for the fringing field of the air gaps are compared by using a reluctance model. The inductor properties of the coupled and uncoupled inductors are compared with FEM simulations, small-signal and pulse measurements.
耦合电感为多相DC/DC变换器提供了成本和效率方面的优势。以两相48/12 V降压变换器为例,比较了电感不耦合和电感耦合时的系统性能。对于相同的系统特性,使用耦合电感所需的材料(铁芯和绕组)更少。用磁阻模型比较了气隙边缘场的三种近似方程。通过有限元仿真、小信号测量和脉冲测量,比较了耦合电感和不耦合电感的电感性能。
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引用次数: 0
Increasing charging station availability through peer-to-peer reservation markets 通过点对点预订市场增加充电站的可用性
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684228
Felix Funk, Franz Teske, Adrian Fehrle, J. Franke
A key condition for the continued proliferation of electric vehicles (EV) is the availability of EV charging infrastructure. While the expansion of the public network is progressing slowly, the number of private installations of charging stations is growing rapidly. In combination with a rooftop photovoltaic system (PV), private wallboxes provide inexpensive EV charging while simultaneously increasing the level of self-consumption. However, individual charging demand is limited and surplus energy has to be fed into the grid at unfavorable prices, which in addition leads to feed-in peaks that stress the electrical infrastructure. In this work, we hence propose the creation of a public marketplace for private charging capacity. Through this marketplace the availability of charging stations is improved, feed-in peaks in the grid are diminished, and an additional, more profitable revenue stream for PV-owners is created while charging prices are reduced at the same time. We validate the proposition by approximating the market size and estimating the capacity utilization based on real data from a geographically coherent example region.
电动汽车持续普及的一个关键条件是电动汽车充电基础设施的可用性。虽然公共充电站网络的扩展进展缓慢,但私人充电站的安装数量正在迅速增长。与屋顶光伏系统(PV)相结合,私人墙箱提供廉价的电动汽车充电,同时提高了自我消费水平。然而,个人充电需求是有限的,多余的能源必须以不利的价格输入电网,这还会导致上网高峰,给电力基础设施带来压力。因此,在这项工作中,我们建议为私人充电能力创建一个公共市场。通过这个市场,充电站的可用性得到了改善,电网的上网高峰减少了,在降低充电价格的同时,为光伏业主创造了一个额外的、更有利可图的收入流。我们通过近似市场规模和基于地理上连贯的示例区域的实际数据估计容量利用率来验证该命题。
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引用次数: 0
Towards the Forming of concentrated Windings with trapezoidal Cross Sections for Increasing the Slot Filling Factor 提高槽填充系数的梯形截面集中绕组成形研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684199
M. Bach, M. Linnemann, M. Bergmann, V. Psyk, V. Kräusel, Niclas Pohl
The steadily growing use of industrial electric motors worldwide, combined with the need for improved efficiency, require advanced technologies that are beneficial with regard to resource efficiency and productivity. One possibility for saving raw materials is to reduce the size and weight of motors while maintaining the same performance. This can be achieved through an increase of the so-called slot filling factor, which has substantial influence on the torque generation in the electric machine. One way of increasing the slot filling factor is to shape the respective conductors in such a way that the cross sections correspond to their position. The focus of this paper lies on the description of interactions in the forming process of tooth coils with trapezoidal cross section geometry of the individual turns. In particular, the shaping of the coil heads of coils produced by sequential forming and subsequent bending is characterized via FEM forming simulation. Furthermore, the contribution presents a possibility for manufacturing coils of different geometries at high output rate by using flexible forming operations. Compared to manufacturing process chains suggested earlier, this approach allows considerable shortening and optimization of the process chain.
全世界工业电动机的使用不断增加,加上需要提高效率,需要在资源效率和生产力方面有利的先进技术。节省原材料的一种可能是在保持相同性能的情况下减小电机的尺寸和重量。这可以通过增加所谓的槽填充系数来实现,这对电机中的转矩产生有实质性的影响。增加槽填充系数的一种方法是使各自的导体的横截面与其位置相对应。本文的重点是描述具有单匝梯形截面几何形状的齿圈成形过程中的相互作用。特别地,通过有限元成形模拟,表征了顺序成形和随后弯曲线圈的线圈头的成形。此外,该贡献提供了使用柔性成形操作以高输出速率制造不同几何形状线圈的可能性。与前面提出的制造过程链相比,这种方法可以大大缩短和优化过程链。
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引用次数: 0
Performance evaluation of a high-performance motor with thermoset molded internal cooling 热固性模塑内冷却高性能电机的性能评估
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684222
S. Reuter, L. Berg, M. Doppelbauer
This paper presents the development and the validation by testing of an electric motor with an internal cooling system produced by transfer molding. The performance of the motor and challenging areas are first partially simulated also in detail before being validated on the test bench. In order to be able to classify the results in the best possible way, a second motor with an electrically identical design, but with a state-of-the-art cooling sleeve, is built in order to allow direct back-to-back testing and comparison of the results.
本文介绍了用传递模塑生产的带内冷却系统的电动机的研制和试验验证。在测试台架上进行验证之前,首先对电机和挑战区域的性能进行了部分的详细模拟。为了能够以最好的方式对结果进行分类,第二台电机具有相同的电气设计,但具有最先进的冷却套管,以便进行直接的背靠背测试和结果比较。
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引用次数: 3
Metamodeling of Numerical Simulations for Optimization of Hairpin Bending Processes 发夹弯曲工艺优化数值模拟的元建模
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684203
F. Wirth, L. Hausmann, André K. Eppler, J. Fleischer
As a result of the progressive electrification of mobility solutions, manufacturing technologies for distributed stator windings need to be improved in order to meet the automotive demand for productivity and quality. In this context, the hairpin technology already provides advantages regarding the possible level of automation and productivity in comparison to conventional winding technologies, but still shows technological weaknesses concerning process reliability. Against this background, approaches for optimized process control based on physical process models have a high potential to minimize waste in production resulting from variations in wire properties or an inappropriate machine parametrization. However, the accuracy of analytical modeling techniques is limited due to complex interactions of machine kinematics, tooling and material properties in rectangular wire bending processes. Hence, the calculation effort of more precise finite element simulations needs to be reduced in order to enable model-based process control and economic tool design. Therefore, conventional and AI-based methodologies for meta modeling of numerical process simulations are introduced and compared in this paper. Furthermore, opportunities of optimized process control of hairpin shaping processes based on efficient but also accurate metamodels are discussed.
由于移动解决方案的逐步电气化,分布式定子绕组的制造技术需要改进,以满足汽车对生产率和质量的需求。在这种情况下,与传统缠绕技术相比,发夹技术已经在自动化和生产率方面提供了优势,但在工艺可靠性方面仍然显示出技术弱点。在这种背景下,基于物理过程模型的优化过程控制方法具有很大的潜力,可以最大限度地减少由于线材性能变化或不适当的机器参数化而导致的生产浪费。然而,由于在矩形线材弯曲过程中机器运动学、工具和材料特性的复杂相互作用,分析建模技术的准确性受到限制。因此,为了实现基于模型的过程控制和经济的工具设计,需要减少更精确的有限元模拟的计算工作量。因此,本文介绍并比较了传统方法和基于人工智能的数值过程模拟元建模方法。此外,还讨论了基于高效和精确元模型的发夹成形过程优化控制的机会。
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引用次数: 1
Interaction between a spray-insulation for phase separation in the winding head and the following impregnation process in insertion winding stators 绕组头中用于相分离的喷雾绝缘与插入绕组定子中的浸渍过程之间的相互作用
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1109/EDPC53547.2021.9684196
A. Mahr, Barbara Hartz, J. Franke
As part of the secondary insulation system for insertion winding stators, a new method was developed to apply the interphase insulation in the winding head. This invention is based on a robot guided spraying process that applies a plastic insulation layer on to the respective winding parts in the stator winding head. With an initial material selection and the construction of a prototype machine, the basic suitability as an automatable phase isolation process was verified in a previous paper at FAIM2021. For the use of spray insulation in the complex general system of insulation of an electrical machine, the new insulation must meet similar requirements as the paper insulation frequently used up to now. It is therefore essential to analyze the interactions between the newly applied spray insulation and further downstream processes, such as subsequent impregnation. Therefore, in this paper, the mechanical and electrical properties of unimpregnated and impregnated spray insulation layers are analyzed using DoE studies.
作为插入绕组定子二次绝缘系统的一部分,提出了一种在绕组头中应用相间绝缘的新方法。本发明基于机器人引导喷涂工艺,将塑料绝缘层涂在定子绕组头的各绕组部件上。通过最初的材料选择和原型机的构建,FAIM2021上的一篇论文验证了作为自动化相隔离过程的基本适用性。在复杂的电机通用绝缘系统中使用喷雾绝缘,新型绝缘必须达到与目前常用的纸绝缘类似的要求。因此,有必要分析新应用的喷雾绝缘和进一步的下游工艺,如随后的浸渍之间的相互作用。因此,本文采用DoE研究方法对未浸渍和浸渍喷雾保温层的力学性能和电性能进行了分析。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2021 11th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC)
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