Euskararen biziberritze-prozesuan hizkuntzaren ezagutza eta erabilera ari dira garatzen aldi berean. Ezagutzari dagokionean, espero zena baino gehiago hazi dela esan daiteke, eta erabileraren alorrean ezin ukatuzkoa da irabazi kualitatiboa, espazio sozialetan, gai espezializatuetan, eta estandarizazio kulturalean asko hazi baita. Euskal Herriko kaleetan egiten den euskararen erabileraren bilakaerak, ordea, frustrazioa sortzen du. Baina, arretaz begiratu behar zaie, nahia eta errealitatea baldintzatzen duten ezaugarriei. Kontuan izan behar dira gizartea eraldatu eta erabilera mugatzen duten gizartearen ezaugarri soziologikoak; demografikoak (biztanleriaren zahartzea, egiturazko migrazio-mugimenduak, lurralde desberdinetako euskaldunen dentsitateak), teknologikoak (komunikazio-modu eta produktu berriak), ekonomikoak eta kulturalak. Aurrerantzean ere, hizkuntza-politikak diseinatzeko orduan, arretaz aztertu beharko dira honako elementu hauek: etorkinen integrazioa ziurra ala ahula den, enplegu-munduko berriak zein diren, hezkuntzaren segregazio potentziala, goranzko mugikortasunaren ahultzea, klase sozialen araberako praktika linguistikoak eta, euskara tarteko, euskal elite mugatu berri baten arriskua. Horiek guztiak kontuan izanda, eta sor daitekeen gatazka politikoaren arriskua alboratuz, hartu beharko dira erabakiak, ahalik eta gizarte kohesionatu zabalenean oinarritutako euskararen biziberritze-plangintza diseinatzeko. • Hitz gakoak: euskara, immigrazioa, hizkuntza-plangintza, klase soziala.
{"title":"Euskararen erresaka etenezina eta Sisifo","authors":"Xabier AIERDI URRAZA","doi":"10.55714/bat-125.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-125.6","url":null,"abstract":"Euskararen biziberritze-prozesuan hizkuntzaren ezagutza eta erabilera ari dira garatzen\u0000aldi berean. Ezagutzari dagokionean, espero zena baino gehiago hazi dela esan daiteke, eta erabileraren\u0000alorrean ezin ukatuzkoa da irabazi kualitatiboa, espazio sozialetan, gai espezializatuetan, eta estandarizazio\u0000kulturalean asko hazi baita. Euskal Herriko kaleetan egiten den euskararen erabileraren bilakaerak,\u0000ordea, frustrazioa sortzen du. Baina, arretaz begiratu behar zaie, nahia eta errealitatea baldintzatzen\u0000duten ezaugarriei. Kontuan izan behar dira gizartea eraldatu eta erabilera mugatzen duten gizartearen\u0000ezaugarri soziologikoak; demografikoak (biztanleriaren zahartzea, egiturazko migrazio-mugimenduak,\u0000lurralde desberdinetako euskaldunen dentsitateak), teknologikoak (komunikazio-modu eta produktu\u0000berriak), ekonomikoak eta kulturalak.\u0000Aurrerantzean ere, hizkuntza-politikak diseinatzeko orduan, arretaz aztertu beharko dira honako elementu\u0000hauek: etorkinen integrazioa ziurra ala ahula den, enplegu-munduko berriak zein diren, hezkuntzaren\u0000segregazio potentziala, goranzko mugikortasunaren ahultzea, klase sozialen araberako praktika\u0000linguistikoak eta, euskara tarteko, euskal elite mugatu berri baten arriskua. Horiek guztiak kontuan\u0000izanda, eta sor daitekeen gatazka politikoaren arriskua alboratuz, hartu beharko dira erabakiak, ahalik\u0000eta gizarte kohesionatu zabalenean oinarritutako euskararen biziberritze-plangintza diseinatzeko. •\u0000Hitz gakoak: euskara, immigrazioa, hizkuntza-plangintza, klase soziala.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114999338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Euskararen kale-erabiera (EKE) adin-taldeka aztertuz, emaitza deigarri eta joera esanguratsuekin egiten dugu topo. Halakoak eta beren zergatiak ulertzeko, soziolinguistikak zenbait kontzeptu eta ikuspegi baliotsu eskaintzen ditu, hala nola hizkuntza-sozializazioa, hizkuntza-identitatea, gizarte-araua eta abar. Izan ere, hiztun elebidun edo eleaniztunek ez dute ausaz hautatzen unean-unean erabiliko duten hizkuntza, baizik eta egoera bakoitzeko baldintza sozialen arabera. Horietako batzuk islatzen dira Euskal Herriko hizkuntzen erabileran. Abiapuntu horretatik abiatuz, saiatzen gara hemen adin-taldeen EKE maila ezberdinak ulertzen, batetik, eta balizko interpretazioez hausnartzen, bestetik. • Hitz gakoak: Hizkuntza-sozializazioa, hizkuntza indarberritzea, hizkuntza-transmisioa, identitatea, gizarte-araua.
Euskararen kale-erabiera (EKE) adin-taldeka aztertuz, emaitza deigarri eta joera esanguratsuekinegiten dugu topo.在此基础上，我们还提出了 "社会语言"（soziolinguistikak zenbait kontzepueta ikuspegi baliotsu eskaintzen ditu）、"社会认同"（hizkuntza-sozializazioa）、"身份认同"（hizkuntza-identitatea）、"文化认同"（gizarte-araua eta abar）等概念。在这里，我们可以看到，我们的生活方式、生活习惯、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式、生活方式等。在巴斯克语中，"Horietako batzukislatzen dira Euskal Herriko hizkuntzen erabileran.Abiapuntu horretatik abiatuz, saiatzen gara hemenadin-taldeen EKE maila ezberdinak ulertzen, batetik, eta balizko interpretazioez hausnartzen, bestetik.- Hitz gakoak：Hizkuntza-sozializazioa, hizkuntza indarberritzea, hizkuntza-transmissionoa, identitatea, gizarte-araua.
{"title":"Zer erakusten du adinak kale-erabileran?","authors":"Iñaki MARTINEZ DE LUNA","doi":"10.55714/bat-125.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-125.5","url":null,"abstract":"Euskararen kale-erabiera (EKE) adin-taldeka aztertuz, emaitza deigarri eta joera esanguratsuekin\u0000egiten dugu topo. Halakoak eta beren zergatiak ulertzeko, soziolinguistikak zenbait kontzeptu\u0000eta ikuspegi baliotsu eskaintzen ditu, hala nola hizkuntza-sozializazioa, hizkuntza-identitatea,\u0000gizarte-araua eta abar. Izan ere, hiztun elebidun edo eleaniztunek ez dute ausaz hautatzen unean-unean\u0000erabiliko duten hizkuntza, baizik eta egoera bakoitzeko baldintza sozialen arabera. Horietako batzuk\u0000islatzen dira Euskal Herriko hizkuntzen erabileran. Abiapuntu horretatik abiatuz, saiatzen gara hemen\u0000adin-taldeen EKE maila ezberdinak ulertzen, batetik, eta balizko interpretazioez hausnartzen, bestetik.\u0000• Hitz gakoak: Hizkuntza-sozializazioa, hizkuntza indarberritzea, hizkuntza-transmisioa, identitatea,\u0000gizarte-araua.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134521428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soziolinguistika Klusterrak hizkuntzen erabileraren kale-neurketa egin du 2021. urtean eta hainbat txosten prestatu ditu Euskal Herriko zein tokian tokiko emaitzak azaltzeko. Testu honetan Gasteiz hiriari dagokion txostenaren irakurketa kritikoa egin nahi izan da, bestelako datu batzuekin gurutzatuz, ikuspegi osatuagoa eman nahian. Bertan, bestelako gogoetak ere egin dira, hiriko euskararen egoeraz eta kale-erabileraz, bereziki. • Hitz gakoak: Gasteiz; euskararen erabilera; euskararen biziberritzea; hiriburuak; soziolinguistika.
Soziolinguistika Klusterrak hizkuntzen erabileraren kale-neurketa egin du 2021.urteaneta hainbat txosten prestatu ditu Euskal Herriko zein tokian tokiko emaitzak azaltzeko.该测试的荣誉是由该公司承诺提供最好的服务，并确保其产品和服务的质量。Bertan, bestelako gogoetak ere egin dira, hiriko euskararenegoeraz eta kale-erabileraz, bereziki.- """"：Gasteiz; euskararen erabilera; euskararen biziberritzea; hiriburuak; soziolinguistika.
{"title":"Hizkuntzen erabileraren kale-neurketa Gasteizen. Hainbat apunte","authors":"Alex VADILLO OTXOA","doi":"10.55714/bat-125.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-125.4","url":null,"abstract":"Soziolinguistika Klusterrak hizkuntzen erabileraren kale-neurketa egin du 2021. urtean\u0000eta hainbat txosten prestatu ditu Euskal Herriko zein tokian tokiko emaitzak azaltzeko. Testu honetan\u0000Gasteiz hiriari dagokion txostenaren irakurketa kritikoa egin nahi izan da, bestelako datu batzuekin gurutzatuz,\u0000ikuspegi osatuagoa eman nahian. Bertan, bestelako gogoetak ere egin dira, hiriko euskararen\u0000egoeraz eta kale-erabileraz, bereziki. • Hitz gakoak: Gasteiz; euskararen erabilera; euskararen biziberritzea;\u0000hiriburuak; soziolinguistika.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126715398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Euskal Herriko neurketa nagusiaren joerak berretsi ditu UEMAko udalerrietako neurketak: erabilera orokorra bere horretan dago, baina herri euskaldunenetan, arnasguneetan, euskara gutxiago entzun da. Urte gutxian aldaketa handiak gertatu dira udalerri euskaldunetan, batez ere arnasguneetan, eta, oro har, ez dira euskararen erabilerarentzat mesedegarriak izan. Hala ere, alde handiz, udalerri horiek dute euskara erabiltzeko egokierarik onena, eta horietan erabiltzen da gehien. Euskara indarberritzeko prozesuan ezinbesteko heldulekua dira, hortaz. • Hitz gakoak: Arnasguneak, udalerri euskaldunak, UEMA, kale-neurketa, estatistikak.
在欧洲共同体，"Euskal Herriko neurketa nagusiaren joerak berretsi ditu UEMAko udalerrietako neurketak:erabilera orokorra bere horretan dago, baina herri euskaldunenetan, arnasguneetan, euskara gutxiagoentzun da.Urte gutxian aldaketa handiak gertatu dira udalerri euskaldunetan, batez ere arnasguneetan, eta, oro har, ez dira euskararen erabilerarentzat mesedegarriak izan.在这里，我们可以看到，我们的祖先正在为我们的家园而努力，我们的祖先也在为我们的家园而努力，我们的祖先也在为我们的家园而努力，我们的祖先也在为我们的家园而努力。Euskaraindarberritzeko prozesuan ezinbesteko heldulekua dira, hortaz.- Hitz gakoak：Arnasguneak, udalerrieuskaldunak, UEMA, kale-neurketa, estatistikak.
{"title":"Zer gertatzen ari da udalerri euskaldunetan?","authors":"","doi":"10.55714/bat-125.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-125.3","url":null,"abstract":"Euskal Herriko neurketa nagusiaren joerak berretsi ditu UEMAko udalerrietako neurketak:\u0000erabilera orokorra bere horretan dago, baina herri euskaldunenetan, arnasguneetan, euskara gutxiago\u0000entzun da. Urte gutxian aldaketa handiak gertatu dira udalerri euskaldunetan, batez ere arnasguneetan,\u0000eta, oro har, ez dira euskararen erabilerarentzat mesedegarriak izan. Hala ere, alde handiz,\u0000udalerri horiek dute euskara erabiltzeko egokierarik onena, eta horietan erabiltzen da gehien. Euskara\u0000indarberritzeko prozesuan ezinbesteko heldulekua dira, hortaz. • Hitz gakoak: Arnasguneak, udalerri\u0000euskaldunak, UEMA, kale-neurketa, estatistikak.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133050032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julen LARRAÑAGA MTNEZ DE AGIRRE, Leire CANCIO ORUETA, Gorka ESPIAU IDOIAGA, Jokin LEKUONA ZABALA
Artikulu hau “Gazteen pertzepzioa euskararen erabileraren inguruan” azterlanaren laburpena da, Eusko Jaurlaritzako Hizkuntza Politikarako Sailburuordetzaren eskariz Agirre Lehendakaria Centerrek 2021ean burututakoa. Gizarte eraldaketaren oinarrian gizarte horrek aldaketarekiko aukera eta erronken pertzepzioak kokatzen dira, eta horiek estuki daude lotuta aldaketa ahalbidetu edota oztopatuko duten jarrera eta jokamoldeekin. Azterketak gazteen artean euskararen erabileraren inguruan dauden narratibak ezagutu nahi izan ditu 88 gazteen artean egindako ikerketa kualitatiboaren bidez (hurbilpen etnografikoa), eta narratibak multzokatuz gazteen segmentazio bat proposatzen du. • Hitz gakoak: Narratibak; Pertzepzioak; Euskararen erabilera; Gizarte berrikuntza; Gazteak.
Eusko Jaurlaritzako Hizkuntza Politikarako Sailburuordetzaren eskariz Agirre LehendakariaCenterrek 2021ean burutakoa "Gazteen pertzepzioa euskararen erabileraren inguruan" azterlanaren laburpenada，Eusko Jaurlaritzako Hizkuntza Politikarako Sailburuordetzaren eskariz Agirre LehendakariaCenterrek 2021ean burutakoa。我们的目标是：在国家、地区和国际层面上，建立起一个由政府、非政府组织和民间社会共同参与的社会治理体系，并在此基础上建立起一个由政府、非政府组织和民间社会共同参与的社会治理机制。在 88 个艺术项目中，有 4 个项目的艺术创作（人种学）和一个项目的艺术创作（民族学）。-Hitz gakoak：Narratibak; Pertzepzioak; Euskararen erabilera; Gizarte berrikuntza; Gazteak.
{"title":"Gazteen pertzepzioa euskararen erabileraren inguruan","authors":"Julen LARRAÑAGA MTNEZ DE AGIRRE, Leire CANCIO ORUETA, Gorka ESPIAU IDOIAGA, Jokin LEKUONA ZABALA","doi":"10.55714/bat-125.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-125.8","url":null,"abstract":"Artikulu hau “Gazteen pertzepzioa euskararen erabileraren inguruan” azterlanaren laburpena\u0000da, Eusko Jaurlaritzako Hizkuntza Politikarako Sailburuordetzaren eskariz Agirre Lehendakaria\u0000Centerrek 2021ean burututakoa. Gizarte eraldaketaren oinarrian gizarte horrek aldaketarekiko\u0000aukera eta erronken pertzepzioak kokatzen dira, eta horiek estuki daude lotuta aldaketa ahalbidetu\u0000edota oztopatuko duten jarrera eta jokamoldeekin. Azterketak gazteen artean euskararen erabileraren\u0000inguruan dauden narratibak ezagutu nahi izan ditu 88 gazteen artean egindako ikerketa kualitatiboaren\u0000bidez (hurbilpen etnografikoa), eta narratibak multzokatuz gazteen segmentazio bat proposatzen du. •\u0000Hitz gakoak: Narratibak; Pertzepzioak; Euskararen erabilera; Gizarte berrikuntza; Gazteak.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130637798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study starts from two weak points that are usually identified in the sociolinguistic profile of young people in Euskal Herria: 1) the imbalance that exists between knowledge and use, and 2) the need to have an impact on prejudices. The experts defend that the reflection on sociolinguistics and linguistic ecology and the transmission of this scientific knowledge to students can have a positive influence. Furthermore, different levels of curricula in the Basque Autonomous Community, Navarre and Iparralde also establish the need to carry out this work. As a result, the main objectives of our research study are to compile, analyse and classify existing materials and resources in the Basque Country to work on sociolinguistics and linguistic ecology in compulsory secondary education and high school, to get to know the perceptions and opinions of the different stakeholders in the education community on the reality of addressing these issues, and to offer the education community the classification that has been drawn up. • Key words: compulsory secondary education, high school, sociolinguistics, linguistic ecology, material, resources
{"title":"Hezkuntza soziolinguistikoa. Euskal Herrian han eta hemen dauden material eta baliabideen bilketa, azterketa eta sailkapena","authors":"Izaro Arruti, Sandra Prieto","doi":"10.55714/bat-122123.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-122123.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study starts from two weak points that are usually identified in the sociolinguistic profile of young people in Euskal Herria: 1) the imbalance that exists between knowledge and use, and 2) the need to have an impact on prejudices. The experts defend that the reflection on sociolinguistics and linguistic ecology and the transmission of this scientific knowledge to students can have a positive influence. Furthermore, different levels of curricula in the Basque Autonomous Community, Navarre and Iparralde also establish the need to carry out this work. As a result, the main objectives of our research study are to compile, analyse and classify existing materials and resources in the Basque Country to work on sociolinguistics and linguistic ecology in compulsory secondary education and high school, to get to know the perceptions and opinions of the different stakeholders in the education community on the reality of addressing these issues, and to offer the education community the classification that has been drawn up. • Key words: compulsory secondary education, high school, sociolinguistics, linguistic ecology, material, resources","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114347932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
These are not good times for colloquial relationships in the Basque language. The knowledge and use of hitano (the familiar form of the language) have diminished in recent decades. In places where it is still used is increasingly restricted to conversations between men, for many reasons. The study sets out to analyse the current situation and offer a snapshot –as complete as possible– from various perspectives: data on use, transmission, the importance of the gender variable, hitano in the cultural world in euskera, among others. We reach the conclusion that the academic world and social movements should go hand-in-hand so that hitano can flourish and not just remain in a bubble. • Key words: hitano, transmission, gender, the media, cultural expressions, new speakers.
{"title":"Hitanoa euskal hiztunen komunitate garaikidean: molde zaharretatik ertz berrietara","authors":"Beñat Muguruza Aseginolaza, Garbiñe Bereciartua Etxeberria","doi":"10.55714/bat-122123.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-122123.5","url":null,"abstract":"These are not good times for colloquial relationships in the Basque language. The knowledge and use of hitano (the familiar form of the language) have diminished in recent decades. In places where it is still used is increasingly restricted to conversations between men, for many reasons. The study sets out to analyse the current situation and offer a snapshot –as complete as possible– from various perspectives: data on use, transmission, the importance of the gender variable, hitano in the cultural world in euskera, among others. We reach the conclusion that the academic world and social movements should go hand-in-hand so that hitano can flourish and not just remain in a bubble. • Key words: hitano, transmission, gender, the media, cultural expressions, new speakers.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125163334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the European Union between 40 and 50 million people speak one of its regional and minority languages, some of which are at great risk. International bodies such as UNESCO, the Council of Europe and the OSCE are implementing initiatives to combat the loss of minority languages and protect their linguistic rights. Not respecting the rights of regions or minorities constitutes racial discrimination and the infringement of human rights. Although language policy is an exclusive competence of the Member States, the EU can support action to promote and protect the languages of the regions and their minorities. However, the complex political and economic situation of the EU at present is not conducive to such efforts. Nevertheless, over the years the European Union has implemented initiatives related to education in all areas of language use. The European Parliament supports the promotion of regional and minority languages and advocates the protection of languages at risk. This article sets out to describe the sociolinguistic situation in the European Union and to share the tools and initiatives created to maintain this linguistic diversity. • Key words: European Union, minority languages, language policy, legal protection, region.
{"title":"Eskualdeetako hizkuntza gutxituen estatusa Europar Batasunean","authors":"Magdalena Pasikowska-Schnass","doi":"10.55714/bat-122123.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-122123.10","url":null,"abstract":"In the European Union between 40 and 50 million people speak one of its regional and minority languages, some of which are at great risk. International bodies such as UNESCO, the Council of Europe and the OSCE are implementing initiatives to combat the loss of minority languages and protect their linguistic rights. Not respecting the rights of regions or minorities constitutes racial discrimination and the infringement of human rights. Although language policy is an exclusive competence of the Member States, the EU can support action to promote and protect the languages of the regions and their minorities. However, the complex political and economic situation of the EU at present is not conducive to such efforts. Nevertheless, over the years the European Union has implemented initiatives related to education in all areas of language use. The European Parliament supports the promotion of regional and minority languages and advocates the protection of languages at risk. This article sets out to describe the sociolinguistic situation in the European Union and to share the tools and initiatives created to maintain this linguistic diversity. • Key words: European Union, minority languages, language policy, legal protection, region.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122965551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) as a tool to improve the level of English has increased substantially, in the Basque Country as well. However, the Basque Country already has an immersion model to secure the survival of its minority language (Basque) and the aim of this work is to investigate the effects that CLIL can have in students’ writing ability who follow this educational model. For this purpose, 138 instruction texts from secondary education students have been collected in the three languages present in the curriculum. The texts have been analysed using ESLCP (Jacobs et al., 1981) and the results show the following: (i) the students who follow CLIL methodology have achieved better results than the non-CLIL group, (ii) the sociolinguistic context can have an effect in the results of CLIL, (iii) it appears that CLIL does not have negative effects in the other two languages of the curriculum and (iv) it seems that there some kind of cognitive academic transfer among the writings of the subjects. • Key words: CLIL, writing skills, sociolinguistic context, multilingual contexts, minority languages. * Irakaslea.
在巴斯克地区，使用CLIL(内容和语言综合学习)作为提高英语水平的工具已经大大增加。然而，巴斯克地区已经有一个浸入式的模式，以确保其少数民族语言(巴斯克语)的生存，这项工作的目的是调查CLIL对遵循这种教育模式的学生的写作能力的影响。为此目的，从中学学生那里收集了138篇教学文本，用课程中的三种语言编写。文本进行了分析使用ESLCP (Jacobs et al ., 1981)和结果显示如下:(i)的学生跟随CLIL方法取得更好的结果比non-CLIL组,(2)社会语言学背景可以在CLIL的结果有影响,(3)看来CLIL没有负面影响的其他两种语言课程和(iv)似乎有某种认知学术著作中转移的受试者。•关键词:CLIL，写作技巧，社会语言学语境，多语语境，少数民族语言。* Irakaslea。
{"title":"Idatzizko trebetasuna testuinguru soziolinguistiko desberdinetako CLIL eta ez-CLIL ikasgeletan","authors":"Ainara Ortega Oar","doi":"10.55714/bat-122123.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55714/bat-122123.7","url":null,"abstract":"The use of CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) as a tool to improve the level of English has increased substantially, in the Basque Country as well. However, the Basque Country already has an immersion model to secure the survival of its minority language (Basque) and the aim of this work is to investigate the effects that CLIL can have in students’ writing ability who follow this educational model. For this purpose, 138 instruction texts from secondary education students have been collected in the three languages present in the curriculum. The texts have been analysed using ESLCP (Jacobs et al., 1981) and the results show the following: (i) the students who follow CLIL methodology have achieved better results than the non-CLIL group, (ii) the sociolinguistic context can have an effect in the results of CLIL, (iii) it appears that CLIL does not have negative effects in the other two languages of the curriculum and (iv) it seems that there some kind of cognitive academic transfer among the writings of the subjects. • Key words: CLIL, writing skills, sociolinguistic context, multilingual contexts, minority languages. * Irakaslea.","PeriodicalId":351175,"journal":{"name":"BAT SOZIOLINGUISTIKA ALDIZKARIA","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115516867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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