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The purpose of the research is to identify what functional morpheme is and how to recognize it in “Hansel and Gretel” short story. A functional morpheme is a part of free morpheme. A morpheme is the smallest unit in English linguistics that forms a word. There are two kinds of morpheme; they are free morpheme and bound morpheme. A morpheme that can stand on its own is called free, and ones that cannot are bound. A free morpheme has two types; they are lexical and functional morpheme. Functional morpheme is a morpheme that is commonly used in some articles to connect words or sentences. A functional morpheme is a part of Morphology. Functional morpheme is mostly used in English and it can be found in an English story. It is used because it gives influences the sentences. Without functional morpheme, sometimes the sentences will have no meaning or read awkwardly so it can give a different meaning to the sentences themselves. The data of the research was taken from “Hansel and Gretel” short story and the results of students’ analysis. The participants of the research were the 1st semester of English Department students. A qualitative descriptive method was used to do the research. After doing the research, there are some results found in the research, they are (1) two items in the article section; (2) four items for the conjunction part; (3) eight items for the preposition part; and (4) eight items in the pronoun section.

Many universities in Indonesia require their students to conduct research article writing and publish it in reputable journal. Although, writing a research article in English is challenging, however, students must have an effective strategy to solve those challenges. In addition, the appearance of digital media might be very useful for students to conduct writing scientific research. This study aims to identify the challenges faced by four EFL postgraduate students while writing the research article and to explore the strategies and digital media used by them. An in-depth interview through narrative inquiry approach was employed to collect the data from the participants’ experiences. The findings of this study show that the participants find some challenges in writing a research article, there is the lack of language proficiency, the difficulty in finding the relevant respondents and references, and time management. However, it can be solved by strategies, such as, cognitive strategy, metacognitive strategy, social strategy, and affective strategy, and digital media used by them. This study might be used to provide additional information relating to the strategy and digital media to support research.

Using alternative assessments such as observation is one of the various types of evaluation that teachers can apply during the learning process. Each teacher is expected to monitor students while they are studying English in primary schools. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the uses of observation assessments with student learning outcomes. This research focused on 31 fourth graders enrolled in an Islamic elementary school. This research was a correlational study using the observation of evaluation of learning outcomes of alternative English topics for students. In this research, SPSS 25th Version was used to determine the validity or effect. Based on the calculation results, the r count is 0.820 according to the t table with a 5% significance criterion of 0.355; thus, Ha is allowed because r arithmetic is more significant than the r table. According to the research findings, using alternative evaluations in observation substantially give an impact for the academic results of elementary school students in English courses.

The goal of feminism is to fully establish gender equality in law and practice while combating sexism, sexist exploitation, and oppression. Cate Shortland is the director of the superhero science fiction film Black Widow. In the film, black widowed women are controlled by the Red Room Academy, a clandestine criminal organization. The primary character and former Black Widow Natasha Romanoff is depicted destroying the Red Room Academy and its male head, Dreykov. The theory of feminism and film analysis are used by the researcher to answer these research questions. There are three objectives in this research. The first objective is to describe the character value of Natasha in the movie. Next is to analyze the radical feminism shown by Natasha in the movie. Last, to analyze the moral value that the director wants to convey. This research was qualitative descriptive method by watching the movie and taking several scenes that were related to the theory. The results of this research reveal that: (1) There are three-character value from Natasha as the main character of the movie; independent, social care and perseverance. (2) The analysis reveals the radical feminism inclinations portrayed by Natasha Romanoff is the act of self-sacrifice. (3) The moral value found in Black Widow movie is about caring each other and women’s right.

This research aims to analyse whether the “Contrastive Linguistic and Error Analysis Book” is considered relevant to the SDGs criteria. The success of the English teaching learning process will also be encouraged by the application of instructional material. Most language programs rely heavily on teaching materials. Created material is one of the materials in a university. In this research, the writers used qualitative descriptive method. Then, the students who learned Contrastive Linguistics and Error Analysis (CLEA) and the lecturers who have taught CLEA were chosen to be the participants. The instruments used in this research were questionnaires both from student’s perspective and lecturer’s perspective. Student’s questionnaire consisted of 20 questions, and lecturer’s questionnaire consisted of 12 questions. The data collection was taken from 55 students and 8 lecturers who were given the questionnaire. Based on the results and discussion, it shows that dimension of “suit environment” from the lecturer’s perception, that the text in CLEA book is no longer suitable for this global era. Considering with Sustainable Development Goals, the CLEA textbook syllabus needs a revisiting to insert the SDGs theme in its reading text that is related with the 17 goals, such as: quality education, no poverty, zero hunger, gender equality, climate action, and many more. Since syllabus is guidance in achieving the learning objectives, it needs revisiting gradually to pursue the developing situation. The revisiting syllabus should consider both student and teacher as the practitioners of teaching and learning process. Hopefully by inserting the SDGs theme in the CLEA syllabus, student and teacher can be engaged together in creating a better life in the community.

Coherence and cohesion play crucial roles in writing an abstract of an undergraduate thesis. By ensuring the coherence and cohesion of the abstract, EFL undergraduate students can enhance its readability, can facilitate the understanding of the research content, and can enable readers to grasp the main points efficiently. However, EFL undergraduate students often need help achieving coherence and cohesion due to their limitations in understanding and practicing academic writing. The research aims to analyze how the sentences in the abstract are related to one another through logical connections and to identify the cohesive devices like conjunction, reference, substitution, or ellipsis to make the abstract coherent. Three abstracts were chosen randomly from 2020 to 2022. Then, the researchers analyzed the data qualitatively in words or sentences using document analysis. The results show that two out of three abstracts are coherent. It is highly suggested for EFL undergraduates whose abstracts must be more readable to improve cohesive devices and use different conjunction and adverbial sentences. Therefore, the suggestion is that EFL undergraduate students use other transitions to link each sentence to make coherent text.