Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804540
M. Shadmand, R. Balog, H. Abu rub
Due to the variable, stochastic behavior of the solar energy resource, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of photovoltaic (PV) is required to ensure continuous operation at the maximum power point to generate the most electrical energy. This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) MPPT technique. Extracting the maximum power from PV systems has been widely investigated within the literature; the main contribution of this paper is improvement of the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method through a fixed step predictive control under measured fast solar radiation variation. The proposed predictive control to achieve Maximum Power Point (MPP) speeds up the control loop since it predicts error before the switching signal is applied to the flyback DC/DC converter. Comparing the developed technique to the conventional P&O method indicates significant improvement in PV system performance. The proposed MPC-MPPT technique for a flyback converter is implemented using the dSpace CP 1103.
{"title":"Maximum Power Point Tracking using Model Predictive Control of a flyback converter for photovoltaic applications","authors":"M. Shadmand, R. Balog, H. Abu rub","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804540","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the variable, stochastic behavior of the solar energy resource, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of photovoltaic (PV) is required to ensure continuous operation at the maximum power point to generate the most electrical energy. This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) MPPT technique. Extracting the maximum power from PV systems has been widely investigated within the literature; the main contribution of this paper is improvement of the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method through a fixed step predictive control under measured fast solar radiation variation. The proposed predictive control to achieve Maximum Power Point (MPP) speeds up the control loop since it predicts error before the switching signal is applied to the flyback DC/DC converter. Comparing the developed technique to the conventional P&O method indicates significant improvement in PV system performance. The proposed MPC-MPPT technique for a flyback converter is implemented using the dSpace CP 1103.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120913329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804567
M. Kazerooni, Hao Zhu, T. Overbye
Power system is a highly interconnected network which delivers electric power to the electricity users. Sustaining the secure and reliable delivery of electric power requires continuous monitoring of the system. To process the large volumes of data obtained from the measuring devices, it is essential to investigate effective data enhancement techniques. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the applications of data mining in power systems is presented. Data visualization, clustering, outliers detection and classification are investigated as four major areas of data mining and related works in power systems which utilize each of these methods are presented in an organized and structured fashion.
{"title":"Literature review on the applications of data mining in power systems","authors":"M. Kazerooni, Hao Zhu, T. Overbye","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804567","url":null,"abstract":"Power system is a highly interconnected network which delivers electric power to the electricity users. Sustaining the secure and reliable delivery of electric power requires continuous monitoring of the system. To process the large volumes of data obtained from the measuring devices, it is essential to investigate effective data enhancement techniques. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the applications of data mining in power systems is presented. Data visualization, clustering, outliers detection and classification are investigated as four major areas of data mining and related works in power systems which utilize each of these methods are presented in an organized and structured fashion.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131139930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804568
Shamina Hossain, S. Mohapatra, T. Overbye, C. Marzinzik
The advent of large-scale power system software packages has made a crucial impact on tasks performed both in industry and research domains. However, additional analysis on the results in an external program is commonly necessitated for a variety of applications. This requires importing and managing the resulting data into an external platform, increasing user effort and rendering the process cumbersome. One of the capabilities of commercial software is an automation server which allows the software to be directly interfaced with an external processing program. This enables automatic retrieval of data without the need to maintain a database manually. This automation would allow for more straightforward algorithms and freedom in design, motivating more innovative data-driven methods with the use of multiple programs in a single environment. In this paper, we will discuss the generic capabilities of such automation servers, their setup, and explore the development of a simulation-based fault location algorithm applying this technique and the subsequent results.
{"title":"Automation of commercial power system software for data-driven research","authors":"Shamina Hossain, S. Mohapatra, T. Overbye, C. Marzinzik","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804568","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of large-scale power system software packages has made a crucial impact on tasks performed both in industry and research domains. However, additional analysis on the results in an external program is commonly necessitated for a variety of applications. This requires importing and managing the resulting data into an external platform, increasing user effort and rendering the process cumbersome. One of the capabilities of commercial software is an automation server which allows the software to be directly interfaced with an external processing program. This enables automatic retrieval of data without the need to maintain a database manually. This automation would allow for more straightforward algorithms and freedom in design, motivating more innovative data-driven methods with the use of multiple programs in a single environment. In this paper, we will discuss the generic capabilities of such automation servers, their setup, and explore the development of a simulation-based fault location algorithm applying this technique and the subsequent results.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129240187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804574
Joseph A. Silvers, H. Liu
The utility industry is predicting an increase of renewable electrical energy resources into the existing power grid. Understanding the impacts associated with renewable energy penetration are vital for future network planning and operation. Using probabilistic uncertainty models for power injections of these resources, this paper uses their statistical distribution to determine corresponding distributions for network state variables. The Jacobian linearization matrix is determined using the Newton-Raphson power flow method, and the statistical distributions of state variables at all buses in a network are obtained from a linear transformation of the injection distribution function. With these distributions, first and second moments of state variables in a given network can be approximated.
{"title":"Estimation of state variable statistics in the presence of intermittent energy resources","authors":"Joseph A. Silvers, H. Liu","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804574","url":null,"abstract":"The utility industry is predicting an increase of renewable electrical energy resources into the existing power grid. Understanding the impacts associated with renewable energy penetration are vital for future network planning and operation. Using probabilistic uncertainty models for power injections of these resources, this paper uses their statistical distribution to determine corresponding distributions for network state variables. The Jacobian linearization matrix is determined using the Newton-Raphson power flow method, and the statistical distributions of state variables at all buses in a network are obtained from a linear transformation of the injection distribution function. With these distributions, first and second moments of state variables in a given network can be approximated.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"69 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114102705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804571
S. Akhlaghi, A. Ghadimi, A. Akhlaghi
In this paper a novel hybrid method for islanding detection of inverter- based distributed generation is proposed. This algorithm which is a combination of Slip mode frequency-shift (SMS) and reactive power versus frequency (Q-f) as active methods detects the islanding phenomena by forcing the DG lose its stable operation and drift the frequency out of the allowed normal range of the frequency relays. A simple passive islanding detection scheme that relies on frequency relays such as under/over frequency protection (UFP/OFP) would be sufficient to detect the moment of islanding. For demonstrating the performance of the proposed method, it is evaluated under the IEEE 1547, UL 1741 anti-islanding test configuration and multiple-DG operation. The studies reported in this paper are based on time-domain simulations in the MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed hybrid method detects islanding more efficiently for loads with high quality factor (Qf); also it operates accurately in condition of load switching and does not interfere with the power system operation during normal conditions. Simulation results prove that the proposed method decreases the time of islanding detection and has less Non Detection Zone in comparison to previous methods. In addition, the technique represents to be robust under multiple-DG operations.
{"title":"A novel hybrid islanding detection method combination of SMS and Q-f for islanding detection of inverter- based DG","authors":"S. Akhlaghi, A. Ghadimi, A. Akhlaghi","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804571","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel hybrid method for islanding detection of inverter- based distributed generation is proposed. This algorithm which is a combination of Slip mode frequency-shift (SMS) and reactive power versus frequency (Q-f) as active methods detects the islanding phenomena by forcing the DG lose its stable operation and drift the frequency out of the allowed normal range of the frequency relays. A simple passive islanding detection scheme that relies on frequency relays such as under/over frequency protection (UFP/OFP) would be sufficient to detect the moment of islanding. For demonstrating the performance of the proposed method, it is evaluated under the IEEE 1547, UL 1741 anti-islanding test configuration and multiple-DG operation. The studies reported in this paper are based on time-domain simulations in the MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed hybrid method detects islanding more efficiently for loads with high quality factor (Qf); also it operates accurately in condition of load switching and does not interfere with the power system operation during normal conditions. Simulation results prove that the proposed method decreases the time of islanding detection and has less Non Detection Zone in comparison to previous methods. In addition, the technique represents to be robust under multiple-DG operations.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132916485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804555
M. Aleenejad, R. Ahmadi, Parvin Moamaei
This paper presents a curve fitting based method for generating suitable switching angles for selective line-to-line voltage harmonic elimination in cascaded multicell (CM) multilevel power converters. The selective harmonic elimination techniques derive feasible switching angles to eliminate the dominant low-order line-to-line voltage harmonics in a cascaded multicell multilevel power converter. In this paper, first the structure and operation of an eleven-level cascaded H-Bridge converter is reviewed and the general concept of selective harmonic elimination for this type of converter is studied briefly. Then, the proposed curve fitting based implementation method is presented. Finally, simulation results are provided to validate the proposed method.
{"title":"Selective harmonic elimination for cascaded multicell multilevel power converters with higher number of H-Bridge modules","authors":"M. Aleenejad, R. Ahmadi, Parvin Moamaei","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804555","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a curve fitting based method for generating suitable switching angles for selective line-to-line voltage harmonic elimination in cascaded multicell (CM) multilevel power converters. The selective harmonic elimination techniques derive feasible switching angles to eliminate the dominant low-order line-to-line voltage harmonics in a cascaded multicell multilevel power converter. In this paper, first the structure and operation of an eleven-level cascaded H-Bridge converter is reviewed and the general concept of selective harmonic elimination for this type of converter is studied briefly. Then, the proposed curve fitting based implementation method is presented. Finally, simulation results are provided to validate the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"33 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133583132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804575
Bogdan Pinte, M. Quinlan, A. Yoon, K. Reinhard, P. Sauer
Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are devices which provide near real-time synchronized data (synchrophasor data) at widely separated points across the power grid and are mainly installed at the transmission level. The widespread installation of PMUs across the power grid is gradually becoming a reality - and promises new capabilities to significantly improve real time knowledge of the power grid's operating state. Archived synchrophasor data provides a wealth of high-fidelity data to aid power system model sustainability analyses and to reconstruct unusual power system events. While the PMU device concept is well known in the power industry, the challenges of designing and implementing a PMU which integrates field measurements to deliver Global Positioning System (GPS) synchronized phasor data to the power industries' networks are not as well known or understood. This paper describes the steps, challenges, and reasoning involved in building a single-phase, distribution-level PMU. Our efforts have provided a fundamental understanding of a PMU's inner workings and direction to future efforts to improve PMU performance.
{"title":"A one-phase, distribution-level phasor measurement unit for post-event analysis","authors":"Bogdan Pinte, M. Quinlan, A. Yoon, K. Reinhard, P. Sauer","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804575","url":null,"abstract":"Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are devices which provide near real-time synchronized data (synchrophasor data) at widely separated points across the power grid and are mainly installed at the transmission level. The widespread installation of PMUs across the power grid is gradually becoming a reality - and promises new capabilities to significantly improve real time knowledge of the power grid's operating state. Archived synchrophasor data provides a wealth of high-fidelity data to aid power system model sustainability analyses and to reconstruct unusual power system events. While the PMU device concept is well known in the power industry, the challenges of designing and implementing a PMU which integrates field measurements to deliver Global Positioning System (GPS) synchronized phasor data to the power industries' networks are not as well known or understood. This paper describes the steps, challenges, and reasoning involved in building a single-phase, distribution-level PMU. Our efforts have provided a fundamental understanding of a PMU's inner workings and direction to future efforts to improve PMU performance.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122406793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804561
E. D. dos Santos, O. Nezamuddin
This paper proposes an on-line transformerless UPS system based on the integrated power electronics converters that is able to control the input power factor, charge the battery, and guarantee backup operation in the case of utility power outage. The main advantages of the proposed UPS are: 1) active power factor correction (PFC) without any feedback control, and 2) integrated functions of the battery charger circuit and PFC by using only three power switches. Details regarding the operation modes of the system and modulation strategy are presented. Simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical expectations.
{"title":"Uninterrupted power supply based on a new transformerless integrated power converter","authors":"E. D. dos Santos, O. Nezamuddin","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804561","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an on-line transformerless UPS system based on the integrated power electronics converters that is able to control the input power factor, charge the battery, and guarantee backup operation in the case of utility power outage. The main advantages of the proposed UPS are: 1) active power factor correction (PFC) without any feedback control, and 2) integrated functions of the battery charger circuit and PFC by using only three power switches. Details regarding the operation modes of the system and modulation strategy are presented. Simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical expectations.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124960246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804554
P. Hart, P. Kollmeyer, L. Juang, R. Lasseter, T. Jahns
A second-life battery is an electric vehicle battery pack that has reached an end-of-life condition for its vehicular use, yet retains enough performance to be re-purposed for another application. One promising application of a second-life battery is stationary energy storage within a CERTS microgrid. This paper investigates the modeling of multiple paralleled traction battery packs within a CERTS microgrid, examining the impacts of elevated internal pack impedance on microgrid system operation. Impedance spectroscopy and hybrid-pulse power characterization are used to model vehicular Li-ion cells under a range of conditions that include second-life aging. The ac bus dynamics of the microgrid model are validated experimentally. Second-life battery models are incorporated into two CERTS microgrid architectures and system-level effects of changing the battery impedance are explored. Simulation results indicate that the modeled EV second-life batteries deliver promising performance characteristics in both CERTS microgrid architectures that were investigated.
{"title":"Modeling of second-life batteries for use in a CERTS microgrid","authors":"P. Hart, P. Kollmeyer, L. Juang, R. Lasseter, T. Jahns","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804554","url":null,"abstract":"A second-life battery is an electric vehicle battery pack that has reached an end-of-life condition for its vehicular use, yet retains enough performance to be re-purposed for another application. One promising application of a second-life battery is stationary energy storage within a CERTS microgrid. This paper investigates the modeling of multiple paralleled traction battery packs within a CERTS microgrid, examining the impacts of elevated internal pack impedance on microgrid system operation. Impedance spectroscopy and hybrid-pulse power characterization are used to model vehicular Li-ion cells under a range of conditions that include second-life aging. The ac bus dynamics of the microgrid model are validated experimentally. Second-life battery models are incorporated into two CERTS microgrid architectures and system-level effects of changing the battery impedance are explored. Simulation results indicate that the modeled EV second-life batteries deliver promising performance characteristics in both CERTS microgrid architectures that were investigated.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131681972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-24DOI: 10.1109/PECI.2014.6804541
Manal Tahhan, A. Bazzi
This paper proposes a test rig design to test thermoelectric generators. It outlines the design process and the selection of utilized materials. Selection of the heat source, design of the heater platform, and temperature control and monitoring are all outlined. A LabVIEW interface is developed for this purpose and a TEG is tested. Results show that the desired temperature is reached though at a slow thermal time constant. Characterization of the TEG is also presented where TEG I-V and P-V curves are generated.
{"title":"A uniform temperature test rig for thermoelectric generator characterization and testing","authors":"Manal Tahhan, A. Bazzi","doi":"10.1109/PECI.2014.6804541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECI.2014.6804541","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a test rig design to test thermoelectric generators. It outlines the design process and the selection of utilized materials. Selection of the heat source, design of the heater platform, and temperature control and monitoring are all outlined. A LabVIEW interface is developed for this purpose and a TEG is tested. Results show that the desired temperature is reached though at a slow thermal time constant. Characterization of the TEG is also presented where TEG I-V and P-V curves are generated.","PeriodicalId":352005,"journal":{"name":"2014 Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133356617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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