Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2022-1-102-105
Б.О. Чецький
The research was conducted in 2017-2020 in apple orchards, which were located in the garden of FG "Neophytes" - a branch of the Department of Horticulture and Viticulture Uman National University of Horticulture. The objects were apple varieties: Golden Delicious (control), Fuji, Red Chief, Florina and Jonagold, grafted on rootstock M.9 and planted in 2014 according to the scheme 3.5 x 1 m. The high photosynthetic potential of the studied phytocenosis has been established. The highest parameters of leaf area were in the varieties Red Chief (18399 m2 / ha) and Jonagold (19485 m2 / ha), other pomological varieties accumulated from 14971 m2 / ha (Fuji) to 17199 m2 / ha (Florina) of leaf cover. At the age of three, the largest phytomass - 4,394 kg / tree was produced by Jonagold plants, and the smallest - 2,088 kg / tree - Red Chief. As the age of plantations increased, the phytomass of Jonagold trees increased to 20.4 kg / tree and Golden Delicious plants to 14.9 kg / tree. The actual yield of apple phytocenosis was the highest in the four-year period and the leader was the Jonagold variety, which 3.1 kg of fruit from the tree exceeded the Golden Delicious variety and 5.3 - Florina. The Red Chief and Fuji varieties produced 5.1 and 5.8 kg / tree of fruit during this period. The analysis of the obtained indicators indicates a rather high - from 68.1 to 80.5% share of fruits at the age of three. The pomological variety Red Chief prevailed, and the strongest results were grown by the vigorous Jonagold variety. As the age of plantations increased to six years, the share of fruits in the total phytomass of trees decreased to 32.4 (Jonagold) - 44.1% (Florina). The final analysis of the productive potential of new apple varieties gives reason to believe that the intensive phytocenosis of apple trees, depending on age can realize from 29.8% to 80.5% of the accumulated phytomass on the economically valuable part - the fruit. Preference should be given to new varieties of Red Chief, Fuji and Florina.
该研究于2017-2020年在位于FG“Neophytes”花园的苹果园进行，该花园是国立园艺大学园艺与葡萄栽培系的一个分支。研究对象为苹果品种:金冠(对照)、富士、红酋长、Florina和Jonagold，嫁接到m. 9砧木上，并于2014年按照3.5 x 1 m的方案种植。所研究的植藻病具有较高的光合潜力。叶面积参数最高的品种为红首席(18399 m2 / ha)和约纳金(19485 m2 / ha)，其他品种叶盖累积在14971 m2 / ha(富士)至17199 m2 / ha(弗洛里纳)之间。在三岁时，最大的植物质量为每棵4,394公斤，最小的植物为红酋长，每棵2,088公斤。随着人工林树龄的增加，约纳金的生物量增加到20.4 kg /棵，金冠的生物量增加到14.9 kg /棵。4年间苹果病实产量最高，以约纳金品种居首，超过金冠品种3.1公斤，超过弗洛里纳品种5.3公斤。红酋长和富士品种在此期间每棵果实产量分别为5.1和5.8公斤。对所得指标的分析表明，在三岁时，水果的份额从68.1到80.5%相当高。果实品种红酋长占了上风，强壮的约纳金品种生长出了最强的果实。随着林龄增加到6年，果实占树木总生物量的比例下降到32.4(约纳戈尔德)- 44.1%(弗洛里纳)。通过对苹果新品种生产潜力的最终分析，我们有理由相信，对苹果树进行集约植瘤，根据树龄的不同，可以在经济价值部分——果实上实现其累积植物质量的29.8% ~ 80.5%。应优先考虑红酋长、富士和弗洛里纳新品种。
{"title":"PHOTOSYNTHETIC FOUNDATIONS OF PRODUCTIVE PROCESS OF APPLE VARIETIES","authors":"Б.О. Чецький","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2022-1-102-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2022-1-102-105","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted in 2017-2020 in apple orchards, which were located in the garden of FG \"Neophytes\" - a branch of the Department of Horticulture and Viticulture Uman National University of Horticulture. The objects were apple varieties: Golden Delicious (control), Fuji, Red Chief, Florina and Jonagold, grafted on rootstock M.9 and planted in 2014 according to the scheme 3.5 x 1 m. The high photosynthetic potential of the studied phytocenosis has been established. The highest parameters of leaf area were in the varieties Red Chief (18399 m2 / ha) and Jonagold (19485 m2 / ha), other pomological varieties accumulated from 14971 m2 / ha (Fuji) to 17199 m2 / ha (Florina) of leaf cover. At the age of three, the largest phytomass - 4,394 kg / tree was produced by Jonagold plants, and the smallest - 2,088 kg / tree - Red Chief. As the age of plantations increased, the phytomass of Jonagold trees increased to 20.4 kg / tree and Golden Delicious plants to 14.9 kg / tree. The actual yield of apple phytocenosis was the highest in the four-year period and the leader was the Jonagold variety, which 3.1 kg of fruit from the tree exceeded the Golden Delicious variety and 5.3 - Florina. The Red Chief and Fuji varieties produced 5.1 and 5.8 kg / tree of fruit during this period. The analysis of the obtained indicators indicates a rather high - from 68.1 to 80.5% share of fruits at the age of three. The pomological variety Red Chief prevailed, and the strongest results were grown by the vigorous Jonagold variety. As the age of plantations increased to six years, the share of fruits in the total phytomass of trees decreased to 32.4 (Jonagold) - 44.1% (Florina). The final analysis of the productive potential of new apple varieties gives reason to believe that the intensive phytocenosis of apple trees, depending on age can realize from 29.8% to 80.5% of the accumulated phytomass on the economically valuable part - the fruit. Preference should be given to new varieties of Red Chief, Fuji and Florina.","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121284583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2022-1-37-45
В. В. Яценко
The article presents the results of studies of biological and morphological features of introduced forms of Elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L.) in comparison with garlic cultivars (Allium sativum L.) Sofiivskyi and Prometei. Research on collection samples began in 2016. Samples of Elephant garlic were obtained by expeditionary method (from Greece and Khmelnytsky region). Several plants with long dark green, broad and leathery leaves, pink inflorescences with microcloves (bulbils), large bulbs were selected and vegetatively (clonally) propagated to create a population of homogeneous plants. The study used field, laboratory, statistical, computational and analytical methods. The research was conducted in the training and production department of Uman National University of Horticulture during 2020-2021, using collection varieties of different ecological and geographical origin (Ukraine and Greece). Cultivars/varieties were evaluated according to the following parameters: plant height, leaf area, and indicators of individual productivity (bulb weight, number of teeth and bulbils, etc.), yield and nutritional value. It was found that varieties of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. react more sharply to changes in growing conditions than cultivars of Allium sativum L. Winter hardiness of cultivars of Elephant garlic was in the range of 98,0–100%, but they had low adaptability, where the coefficient of adaptability (CA) was 0,45–0,49, and in winter garlic CA = 0,95–0,97. Plants of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. do not form air bubbles, but on the bottom and under the covering scales of the bulb is formed from 3-5 to 10 pcs. bulbils. Varieties № 2 and № 3 have 7.1 and 5.1 large teeth in their structure, respectively. The weight of the bulb without removal of the flowering scape in the cultivar Sofiivskyi was less than the samples № 2 and № 3, respectively, by 28.4-53.3 g. With the removal of the flowering scape, the difference increased to 60.5-68.6 g. Yield of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. without removal of the flowering scape № 2 was lower than the standard by 1.7 t/ha, at the same time the variety № 3 exceeded the standard by 1.1 t/ha. With the removal of the flowering scape, the yield of cultivars № 2 and № 3 exceeded the cultivar Sofiivskyi by 1.6 and 2.2 t/ha. As a result of research it was found that the introduced forms of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. have high indicators of economic value, but they are limited in the first years of cultivation, the period of adaptation to new soil and climatic conditions, which creates some difficulties in their cultivation and reproduction.
{"title":"AGROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION ALLIUM AMPELOPRASUM VAR. AMPELOPRASUM L.","authors":"В. В. Яценко","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2022-1-37-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2022-1-37-45","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of biological and morphological features of introduced forms of Elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L.) in comparison with garlic cultivars (Allium sativum L.) Sofiivskyi and Prometei. Research on collection samples began in 2016. Samples of Elephant garlic were obtained by expeditionary method (from Greece and Khmelnytsky region). Several plants with long dark green, broad and leathery leaves, pink inflorescences with microcloves (bulbils), large bulbs were selected and vegetatively (clonally) propagated to create a population of homogeneous plants. The study used field, laboratory, statistical, computational and analytical methods. The research was conducted in the training and production department of Uman National University of Horticulture during 2020-2021, using collection varieties of different ecological and geographical origin (Ukraine and Greece). Cultivars/varieties were evaluated according to the following parameters: plant height, leaf area, and indicators of individual productivity (bulb weight, number of teeth and bulbils, etc.), yield and nutritional value. It was found that varieties of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. react more sharply to changes in growing conditions than cultivars of Allium sativum L. Winter hardiness of cultivars of Elephant garlic was in the range of 98,0–100%, but they had low adaptability, where the coefficient of adaptability (CA) was 0,45–0,49, and in winter garlic CA = 0,95–0,97. Plants of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. do not form air bubbles, but on the bottom and under the covering scales of the bulb is formed from 3-5 to 10 pcs. bulbils. Varieties № 2 and № 3 have 7.1 and 5.1 large teeth in their structure, respectively. The weight of the bulb without removal of the flowering scape in the cultivar Sofiivskyi was less than the samples № 2 and № 3, respectively, by 28.4-53.3 g. With the removal of the flowering scape, the difference increased to 60.5-68.6 g. Yield of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. without removal of the flowering scape № 2 was lower than the standard by 1.7 t/ha, at the same time the variety № 3 exceeded the standard by 1.1 t/ha. With the removal of the flowering scape, the yield of cultivars № 2 and № 3 exceeded the cultivar Sofiivskyi by 1.6 and 2.2 t/ha. As a result of research it was found that the introduced forms of Аllium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum L. have high indicators of economic value, but they are limited in the first years of cultivation, the period of adaptation to new soil and climatic conditions, which creates some difficulties in their cultivation and reproduction.","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131958136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-45-51
К.В. Костецька
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXTRUSION PROCESS DURING THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUND FEEDS","authors":"К.В. Костецька","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-45-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-45-51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121429892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-52-57
Т.М. Бербец
{"title":"EDIBLE FLOWERS ARE A NEW TREND IN MODERN COOKING","authors":"Т.М. Бербец","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-52-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-52-57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117162988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-9-12
С.А. Вдовенко
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF PLANTING SCHEME ON BIOMETRIC INDICATORS AND YIELD OF SWEET PEPPER","authors":"С.А. Вдовенко","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-9-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-9-12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128055180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-73-77
І.Л. Заморська
{"title":"DURATION OF ACHIEVEMENT OF GARLIC BERRIES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC FACTORS","authors":"І.Л. Заморська","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-73-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-73-77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123228826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-78-83
Ольга Миколаївна Алексєєва
{"title":"FORMATION OF POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PEACH CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"Ольга Миколаївна Алексєєва","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-78-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-78-83","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129463330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-20-30
Т. В. Сіліфонов
{"title":"YIELD FORMATION OF VARIOUS SOFT WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AND ITS COMPONENTS UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SYSTEMS","authors":"Т. В. Сіліфонов","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-20-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-20-30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126171958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-58-62
В.М. Челябієва
{"title":"USE OF MOLASSES CANE OF SUGAR IN CUPCAKE TECHNOLOGY","authors":"В.М. Челябієва","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-58-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-58-62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124284258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-69-72
Р.В. Яковенко
{"title":"REPLANT DISEASE AND THE PRACTICES TO REDUCE IT IN THE APPLE-TREE ORCHARDS","authors":"Р.В. Яковенко","doi":"10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-69-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31395/2310-0478-2021-2-69-72","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353923,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122171770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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