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Analysis and Classification of Biomedical and Bioinformation Systems Using a Generalized Spectral Analytical Approach 使用广义光谱分析方法对生物医学和生物信息系统进行分析和分类
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040259
L. I. Kulikova, S. A. Makhortykh

Abstract

A generalized spectral analytical method is outlined—a new approach to processing information arrays. The theoretical foundations of the method are presented, as well as its applications to various problems of processing of experimental data and problems of analysis, recognition, and diagnostics of biomedical and bioinformation systems. Examples of its use for studying biomagnetic data and structures of biomacromolecules are given. The problems of its application for image analysis and recognition are formulated. The method is based on the adaptive decomposition of the original arrays in a functional basis from among classical algebraic systems of polynomials and functions (Jacobi, Chebyshev, Lagrange, Laguerre, and Gegenbauer polynomials, etc., having one and two variables), as well as spherical functions. This approach combines analytical and digital data-processing procedures and is in fact a universal combined technology for processing information arrays.

摘要 概述了一种通用光谱分析方法--一种处理信息阵列的新方法。介绍了该方法的理论基础及其在各种实验数据处理问题以及生物医学和生物信息系统的分析、识别和诊断问题中的应用。举例说明了该方法在研究生物磁数据和生物大分子结构方面的应用。还提出了该方法在图像分析和识别中的应用问题。该方法的基础是在经典多项式和函数代数系统(Jacobi、Chebyshev、Lagrange、Laguerre 和 Gegenbauer 多项式等,具有一个和两个变量)以及球形函数的函数基础上对原始阵列进行自适应分解。这种方法结合了分析和数字数据处理程序,实际上是一种处理信息阵列的通用组合技术。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetometric SQUID Systems and Magnetic Measurement Methods for Biomedical Research 用于生物医学研究的磁测量 SQUID 系统和磁测量方法
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040296
Yu. V. Maslennikov, V. Yu. Slobodchikov, V. A. Krymov, Yu. V. Gulyaev

Abstract

This article presents a review of domestic research on the development of new medical equipment and technologies using equipment and methods of detection of natural magnetic fields of biological objects. The core of the biomagnetic research technology consists of noncontact detection, special mathematical processing, and analysis of the values of the parameters of the magnetic field of the investigated bioobject (generated by the heart, brain, muscles, etc.) found in the specified points of space outside the body of the bioobject using highly sensitive magnetometer equipment, and in particular, using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Based on the studies of myocardial electrophysiology, the samples of technical solutions of magnetometric SQUID-systems for magnetocardiography (MCG), data on diagnostic capabilities, and prospects of practical application of MCG in cardiology are presented. The methodology of magnetocardiographic examination is described and the advantages of MCG application for early diagnosis and control of therapy of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are described. The work of the software of MAG-SCAN diagnostic complexes for the analysis of magnetocardiosignals is illustrated by solving the problem of classifying groups of cardiological patients.

摘要 本文综述了国内利用生物物体天然磁场检测设备和方法开发新型医疗设备和技术的研究情况。生物磁场研究技术的核心是利用高灵敏度磁强计设备,特别是利用超导量子干涉装置(SQUID),对被调查生物物体(由心脏、大脑、肌肉等产生)在生物物体体外指定空间点的磁场参数值进行非接触式检测、特殊数学处理和分析。在心肌电生理学研究的基础上,介绍了用于磁心动图(MCG)的磁测量 SQUID 系统的技术解决方案样本、诊断能力数据以及 MCG 在心脏病学中的实际应用前景。介绍了磁心动图检查的方法,以及应用 MCG 对各种心血管疾病(CVDs)进行早期诊断和控制治疗的优势。通过解决心脏病患者群体分类问题,说明了 MAG-SCAN 诊断综合软件在分析磁心动图信号方面的工作。
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引用次数: 0
Image Analysis and Enhancement: General Methods and Biomedical Applications 图像分析与增强:一般方法和生物医学应用
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040235
A. S. Krylov, A. V. Nasonov, D. V. Sorokin, A. V. Khvostikov, E. A. Pavelyeva, Ya. A. Pchelintsev

Abstract

General methods of image processing, analysis and enhancement and their biomedical applications developed by the scientific school of the Laboratory of Mathematical Methods of Image Processing of the Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics of Lomonosov Moscow State University are reviewed. The suggested general methods and algorithms of image quality enhancement for image resampling and super-resolution, ringing artifact reduction, image sharpening, image denoising, and image registration are described. Image analysis methods based on Hermite projection method, Gauss-Laguerre functions and the use of phase information are presented. We describe and review the developed methods for medical imaging tasks solution, including problems in histology, color Doppler flow mapping, ultrasound liver fibrosis diagnostics, CT brain perfusion, Alzheimer’s disease diagnostics, dermatology, chest X-ray image analysis, live cell image registration, tracking, segmentation and synthesis. The paper illustrates the basic research idea of the effectiveness of the hybrid approach when we jointly use classical mathematical methods and deep learning approaches.

摘要 综述了莫斯科国立罗蒙诺索夫大学计算数学与控制论学院图像处理数学方法实验室科学流派开发的图像处理、分析和增强的一般方法及其生物医学应用。文中介绍了针对图像重采样和超分辨率、减少振铃伪影、图像锐化、图像去噪和图像配准的图像质量提升建议的一般方法和算法。介绍了基于 Hermite 投影法、高斯-拉盖尔函数和使用相位信息的图像分析方法。我们描述并回顾了已开发的医学成像任务解决方案,包括组织学、彩色多普勒血流图、超声肝纤维化诊断、CT 脑灌注、老年痴呆症诊断、皮肤病学、胸部 X 射线图像分析、活细胞图像配准、跟踪、分割和合成等方面的问题。本文阐述了我们联合使用经典数学方法和深度学习方法时混合方法有效性的基本研究思路。
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引用次数: 0
The Possibilities of Diagnosis and Prediction of Cardiac Disorders Based on the Results of Mathematical Modeling of the Myocardium and Regulation of Action of the Heart 根据心肌数学建模和心脏作用调节的结果诊断和预测心脏疾病的可能性
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040272
S. A. Makhortykh, A. V. Moskalenko

Abstract

Theoretical approaches to solving problems of diagnosing and predicting cardiac dysfunctions within the framework of modern mathematical physics of the heart (cardiophysics) are presented. The possibilities for diagnostic purposes of using recognition of patterns of behavior of autowave vortices that arise in the heart during dangerous disturbances in its functioning are considered. The prospects for the development of new methods for diagnosing patterns of the basic heart rhythm in the development of already recognized methods for analyzing heart rate variability are discussed.

摘要 介绍了在现代心脏数学物理学(心脏物理学)框架内解决诊断和预测心脏功能障碍问题的理论方法。考虑了利用识别心脏功能出现危险干扰时产生的自波涡流的行为模式来进行诊断的可能性。讨论了在发展已被认可的心率变异性分析方法的过程中,开发诊断基本心律模式的新方法的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Algebra of Orthogonal Series 正交序列代数
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1134/s105466182304034x
A. N. Pankratov, R. K. Tetuev

Abstract

An algebra of orthogonal series has been developed for the operations of multiplication and division, differentiation and integration of signals represented by series of classical orthogonal polynomials and functions. It is shown that the considered linear transformations for classical orthogonal polynomials and functions are subject to recurrence relations of a special form, which makes it possible to perform these transformations over series in the space of expansion coefficients. A theorem on the condition for the existence of a recurrence relation for the inverse transformation is proven. A general scheme of an algorithm for calculating the coefficients of the resulting series from the coefficients of the original series through the coefficients of recurrent relations is proposed. It has been proven that the linear transformation of a series of length (N) is executed by a linear complexity algorithm ({{Theta }}left( N right)). Formulas for the Chebyshev, Jacobi, Laguerre, and Hermite polynomials are given.

摘要 针对经典正交多项式和函数序列所代表信号的乘除、微分和积分运算,开发了一种正交序列代数。研究表明,所考虑的经典正交多项式和函数的线性变换受制于特殊形式的递推关系,这使得在膨胀系数空间中对序列进行这些变换成为可能。证明了关于逆变换递推关系存在条件的定理。提出了通过递推关系系数从原数列系数计算所得数列系数的算法的一般方案。证明了长度为 (N) 的数列的线性变换是通过线性复杂性算法 ({{Theta }}left( N right))执行的。给出了切比雪夫、雅可比、拉盖尔和赫米特多项式的公式。
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引用次数: 0
Methods and Algorithms for Extracting and Classifying Diagnostic Information from Electroencephalograms and Videos 从脑电图和视频中提取诊断信息并进行分类的方法和算法
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040338
Yu. V. Obukhov, I. A. Kershner, D. M. Murashov, R. A. Tolmacheva

Abstract

This article describes new approaches and methods for analyzing long-term EEG data and synchronous video-EEG monitoring of patients with epilepsy and restoration of cognitive functions after moderate traumatic brain injury. EEG analysis is performed using the ridges of its wavelet spectrograms, the power spectral density, the frequency and phase of which, under certain conditions, corresponds to the square of the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the EEG signal. The results of studies of the frequency characteristics of a video stream when analyzing data from long-term synchronous video-EEG monitoring of patients with epilepsy are presented. Signs were obtained for recognizing epileptic seizures and differentiating them from events of a nonepileptic nature. Periodograms of smoothed optical flow calculated from fragments of patient video recordings were analyzed. Welch’s method was used to obtain periodograms. The values of the power spectral density of the optical flow at selected frequencies were used as features. A joint analysis of interchannel frequency synchronization, power spectral density of wavelet spectrogram ridges, and synchronous video made it possible to identify fragments with epileptic seizures on a long-term EEG, excluding various artifacts from consideration. Interchannel phase connectivity of the ridges makes it possible to observe the dynamics of EEG synchronization in patients with moderate traumatic brain injury during cognitive tests. Analysis of a network of phase-related pairs of EEG channels allows determining the positive dynamics of patient rehabilitation.

摘要 本文介绍了分析癫痫患者长期脑电图数据和同步视频脑电图监测以及中度脑外伤后认知功能恢复的新方法和新途径。脑电图分析是利用其小波频谱图的脊线、功率谱密度进行的,在特定条件下,功率谱密度的频率和相位与脑电信号的振幅、频率和相位的平方相对应。本文介绍了在分析癫痫患者长期同步视频-脑电图监测数据时对视频流频率特性的研究结果。研究获得了识别癫痫发作并将其与非癫痫性事件区分开来的迹象。分析了根据患者视频记录片段计算出的平滑光流周期图。采用韦尔奇方法获得周期图。选定频率下的光流功率谱密度值被用作特征。通过对通道间频率同步性、小波频谱脊线的功率谱密度和同步视频进行联合分析,可以识别出长期脑电图中的癫痫发作片段,同时排除了各种伪像。脊的通道间相位连通性使得观察中度脑外伤患者在认知测试期间的脑电图同步动态成为可能。对相位相关的脑电图通道对网络进行分析,可以确定患者康复的积极动态。
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引用次数: 0
From Tsetlin’s School of Learning Automata towards Artificial Intelligence 从蔡特林的学习自动机学派走向人工智能
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040478

Abstract

Though there is a widely spread opinion that Artificial Intelligence had been formulated as an independent science first of all in the United States, where it was supported with computer science, the present paper demonstrates that in Russia, AI development went through the study of some fundamental questions underlying intelligent activity applicable to various scientific and technical fields such as biology, engineering, linguistics, probability, control theory, and many others. The high scientific level of the school of Professor Mikhail Tsetlin is illustrated below via three important problems that confirm the role and the quality of his school at the Lomonosov Moscow State University, aimed towards development creative abilities among students, permitting them to formulate new and extremely promising tasks as a result of their intensive discussion in the main seminars of this school.

摘要 尽管有一种广泛流传的观点认为,人工智能首先是在美国作为一门独立的科学发展起来的,在那里它得到了计算机科学的支持,但本文表明,在俄罗斯,人工智能的发展是通过对适用于生物学、工程学、语言学、概率论、控制论等各种科学和技术领域的智能活动的一些基本问题的研究进行的。下文将通过三个重要问题来说明米哈伊尔-采特林教授学校的高科学水平,这三个问题证实了莫斯科国立罗蒙诺索夫大学米哈伊尔-采特林教授学校的作用和质量,其目的是培养学生的创新能力,使他们能够在学校的主要研讨会上进行深入讨论后,制定出新的、极具前景的任务。
{"title":"From Tsetlin’s School of Learning Automata towards Artificial Intelligence","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1054661823040478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1054661823040478","url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Though there is a widely spread opinion that Artificial Intelligence had been formulated as an independent science first of all in the United States, where it was supported with computer science, the present paper demonstrates that in Russia, AI development went through the study of some fundamental questions underlying intelligent activity applicable to various scientific and technical fields such as biology, engineering, linguistics, probability, control theory, and many others. The high scientific level of the school of Professor Mikhail Tsetlin is illustrated below via three important problems that confirm the role and the quality of his school at the Lomonosov Moscow State University, aimed towards development creative abilities among students, permitting them to formulate new and extremely promising tasks as a result of their intensive discussion in the main seminars of this school.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":35400,"journal":{"name":"PATTERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140198895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Computer Vision, Image Processing, and Analysis at the Digital Optics Laboratory of the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences 俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所数字光学实验室计算机视觉、图像处理和分析的发展情况
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040223

Abstract

Optical and digital images are one of the most important channels for transmitting information. At the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IITP RAS), this topic has always, since the founding of the institute, been given the closest attention. The institute’s employees have made significant contributions to both the domestic and global science of image processing. In this work, the authors touched only on the main stages of the development of the theory, methods, and algorithms for image processing and analysis in the Laboratory of Digital Optics of the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

摘要 光学和数字图像是信息传输的最重要渠道之一。自俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所(IITP RAS)成立以来,该课题一直受到最密切的关注。该研究所的员工为国内和全球的图像处理科学做出了重大贡献。在本著作中,作者仅介绍了俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所数字光学实验室图像处理与分析理论、方法和算法发展的主要阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Image Analysis and Processing Theory, Methods, and Algorithms. Review of Research at the Iconics Laboratory of the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute) 图像分析与处理理论、方法和算法。俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所(哈尔科维奇研究所)图像学实验室研究综述
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040119

Abstract

A historical and analytical review is given of the development of the Iconics Laboratory at the Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences since the establishment of the Institute. The main research areas of the laboratory are discussed including image models, spatial and frequency methods of video data analysis and processing, issues of distortion elimination, image decomposition and enhancement, object detection, image segmentation; application of the developed methods for processing space images of planets; issues of constructing specialized image processing systems, and others.

摘要 对俄罗斯科学院信息传输问题研究所图像学实验室自成立以来的发展进行了历史和分析回顾。文中讨论了实验室的主要研究领域,包括图像模型、视频数据分析和处理的空间和频率方法、失真消除、图像分解和增强、物体检测、图像分割等问题;所开发方法在行星空间图像处理中的应用;构建专业图像处理系统等问题。
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引用次数: 0
Methods for Processing and Understanding Image Sequences in Autonomous Navigation Problems 处理和理解自主导航问题中图像序列的方法
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1054661823040156

Abstract

This article presents the results of research into methods and algorithms for processing image sequences aimed at application in autonomous navigation systems. The methods are grouped in the following areas: pre-processing, generation of 2D and 3D scene models, object recognition. and determination of motion parameters from a sequence of images. The article presents methods and algorithms proposed and researched by the authors of the article over the past decade. Description of the methods and algorithms is accompanied by examples and results of experimental studies.

摘要 本文介绍了旨在应用于自主导航系统的图像序列处理方法和算法的研究成果。这些方法分为以下几个方面:预处理、生成二维和三维场景模型、物体识别以及根据图像序列确定运动参数。文章介绍了作者在过去十年中提出和研究的方法和算法。在介绍方法和算法的同时,还提供了实验研究的实例和结果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
PATTERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS
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