Akiyoshi Ohgoshi, Shuya Gao, Kazuya Takahashi, K. Nakane
The performance of an electronic product depends on how efficiently it can dissipate the heat of its parts. As a result, intensive ongoing research seeks to improve the thermal conductivity of polymeric materials. In this study, we investigate magnesia nanofibers as thermal conductive filler in the resin and compared them to conventional spherical filler. Magnesia nanofiber mats were fabricated by electrospinning a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium ethoxide mixtures; they were then impregnated with resins to obtain a composite sheet. We assessed the thermal conductivity of the composite sheet. The resin sheet with aligned magnesia nanofibers content (49 vol%) had high thermal conductivity (12.9 W/mK) in the direction parallel to the aligned magnesia nanofibers. The conductivity increased in proportion to magnesia nanofiber content. In addition, the magnesia nanofiber composite sheet showed anisotropic thermal conductivity derived from the fiber direction and had electrical insulation (7.7 × 1012 Ω/□), and flexibility. These electrically insulating sheets with anisotropy in thermal conductivity would be useful in designing effective heat removal paths in electronic devices.
{"title":"Polymer/Alumina Nanofiber Composite Sheets with Anisotropic High Thermal Conductivity","authors":"Akiyoshi Ohgoshi, Shuya Gao, Kazuya Takahashi, K. Nakane","doi":"10.4188/jte.65.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/jte.65.67","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of an electronic product depends on how efficiently it can dissipate the heat of its parts. As a result, intensive ongoing research seeks to improve the thermal conductivity of polymeric materials. In this study, we investigate magnesia nanofibers as thermal conductive filler in the resin and compared them to conventional spherical filler. Magnesia nanofiber mats were fabricated by electrospinning a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium ethoxide mixtures; they were then impregnated with resins to obtain a composite sheet. We assessed the thermal conductivity of the composite sheet. The resin sheet with aligned magnesia nanofibers content (49 vol%) had high thermal conductivity (12.9 W/mK) in the direction parallel to the aligned magnesia nanofibers. The conductivity increased in proportion to magnesia nanofiber content. In addition, the magnesia nanofiber composite sheet showed anisotropic thermal conductivity derived from the fiber direction and had electrical insulation (7.7 × 1012 Ω/□), and flexibility. These electrically insulating sheets with anisotropy in thermal conductivity would be useful in designing effective heat removal paths in electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90525387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the purpose of custom-made garment design, the 3D-body curved surface shapes of 1,348 females in an extensive age group were investigated using the angle values of three curvatures (Kc, kc, and Hc) by multivariate analysis. The nine 3D shape types (three types in the 30s and 40s age groups, two types in the 50s age group, and one type of the 60s age group) were categorized by using each sum angle value of the elliptical (+Kc), the hyperbolic (–Kc), the convex (+Hc), and the concave (–Hc) curved shapes in ten areas. The different features of the 3D shape types mainly displayed higher or lower convex elliptical and concave hyperbolic curved shapes in the neck, shoulder, chest, sides of trunk, and arms areas. Age also factored into the 3D shape types, and was particularly notable in the differences between the higher convex elliptical curved shape of the 50s and 60s age groups and the lower convex elliptical curved shape of the 30s and 40s age groups in the abdomen, buttocks, and legs areas. Several 3D-body shape types were extracted in the concrete body forms and angle curvature values and were provided as useful information for numerically developing visual designs in custom-made garments.
{"title":"Classification of 3D-body Curved Surface Shape of Adult Females in the Extensive Age Group Using Angle Curvatures","authors":"T. Masuda","doi":"10.4188/jte.65.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/jte.65.55","url":null,"abstract":"For the purpose of custom-made garment design, the 3D-body curved surface shapes of 1,348 females in an extensive age group were investigated using the angle values of three curvatures (Kc, kc, and Hc) by multivariate analysis. The nine 3D shape types (three types in the 30s and 40s age groups, two types in the 50s age group, and one type of the 60s age group) were categorized by using each sum angle value of the elliptical (+Kc), the hyperbolic (–Kc), the convex (+Hc), and the concave (–Hc) curved shapes in ten areas. The different features of the 3D shape types mainly displayed higher or lower convex elliptical and concave hyperbolic curved shapes in the neck, shoulder, chest, sides of trunk, and arms areas. Age also factored into the 3D shape types, and was particularly notable in the differences between the higher convex elliptical curved shape of the 50s and 60s age groups and the lower convex elliptical curved shape of the 30s and 40s age groups in the abdomen, buttocks, and legs areas. Several 3D-body shape types were extracted in the concrete body forms and angle curvature values and were provided as useful information for numerically developing visual designs in custom-made garments.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83212046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Wakamatsu, Kotaro Yoshida, E. Morinaga, E. Arai, T. Kubo
A method to predict the shape of a paper model of a two piece brassiere cup is proposed. A brassiere cup consists of several cloth parts referred to as patterns, and wires. The shapes of patterns are designed by repeatedly making a cup model composed of paper patterns and then checking its 3D shape. To reduce such trial and error process, it is required to predict the 3D shape of such model with simulation. As a model is made of paper, each part is inextensible and its deformed surface is developable. Then, the potential energy of a pattern can be represented as a function of its principal curvature and principal direction. Minimizing the potential energy under geometric constraints derives the stable shape of the cup model. The computed shape of a cup almost coincided with the measured shape of an actual paper model. Especially, the shape of the joint line between two patterns was predicted with the average position error of 1.53 mm.
{"title":"3D Shape Prediction of a Paper Model of a Brassiere Cup toward Its Design Support","authors":"H. Wakamatsu, Kotaro Yoshida, E. Morinaga, E. Arai, T. Kubo","doi":"10.4188/jte.65.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/jte.65.35","url":null,"abstract":"A method to predict the shape of a paper model of a two piece brassiere cup is proposed. A brassiere cup consists of several cloth parts referred to as patterns, and wires. The shapes of patterns are designed by repeatedly making a cup model composed of paper patterns and then checking its 3D shape. To reduce such trial and error process, it is required to predict the 3D shape of such model with simulation. As a model is made of paper, each part is inextensible and its deformed surface is developable. Then, the potential energy of a pattern can be represented as a function of its principal curvature and principal direction. Minimizing the potential energy under geometric constraints derives the stable shape of the cup model. The computed shape of a cup almost coincided with the measured shape of an actual paper model. Especially, the shape of the joint line between two patterns was predicted with the average position error of 1.53 mm.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72537394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akichika Nakashima, Yusuke Higuchi, Yohei Sato, Lina Wakako, T. Kinari
The purpose of this research is to clarify the contractile force mechanism of a shape memory alloy (SMA) knitted fabric actuator. We knitted SMA yarn with plain stitches. We then determined the limit up to which SMA plain knitted fabric can be uniaxially elongated and thereafter the original dimensions can be recovered through its repeated heating. Moreover, the temperature dependence of SMA plain knitted fabric in the case of contractile force is quantitatively evaluated experimentally by heating it and then measuring its tension after it is extended to a certain length and fixed at both ends. The results show that, in its wale direction, the maximum tension by heating exceeds the tension corresponding to the extension. Furthermore, it is confirmed that theoretical calculations for the tensile properties of the knitted fabric of spun yarn and filament yarn can be applied to plain knitted fabric of SMA yarn. Using this theoretical calculation, and the flexural rigidity measured by KES system, it is clarified the contractile force of the SMA knitted fabric actuator is affected not only by contraction of SMA yarn but also an increase in its flexural rigidity.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties and Contractile Force Mechanism of Shape Memory Alloy Knitted Fabric Actuator","authors":"Akichika Nakashima, Yusuke Higuchi, Yohei Sato, Lina Wakako, T. Kinari","doi":"10.4188/jte.65.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/jte.65.47","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to clarify the contractile force mechanism of a shape memory alloy (SMA) knitted fabric actuator. We knitted SMA yarn with plain stitches. We then determined the limit up to which SMA plain knitted fabric can be uniaxially elongated and thereafter the original dimensions can be recovered through its repeated heating. Moreover, the temperature dependence of SMA plain knitted fabric in the case of contractile force is quantitatively evaluated experimentally by heating it and then measuring its tension after it is extended to a certain length and fixed at both ends. The results show that, in its wale direction, the maximum tension by heating exceeds the tension corresponding to the extension. Furthermore, it is confirmed that theoretical calculations for the tensile properties of the knitted fabric of spun yarn and filament yarn can be applied to plain knitted fabric of SMA yarn. Using this theoretical calculation, and the flexural rigidity measured by KES system, it is clarified the contractile force of the SMA knitted fabric actuator is affected not only by contraction of SMA yarn but also an increase in its flexural rigidity.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78935257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Portable devices are among the products made from fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), which is characterized by high strength and low weight. The molding method for small devices involves use of flat sheets, but use of such methods for structures with highly curved corners, for example portable devices with right angles, either results in wrinkles or requires that the FRP be cut into pieces, introducing discontinuities where failure is more likely to occur. This issue results when structures with highly curved corners are made using flat fabric, and it can be solved by creating a threedimensional fabric. This study proposes a new method for manufacturing three-dimensional fabric to cover highly curved corners and edges. The authors also carried out a four-point bending test of the edge portion of such fabric based on the method described in ASTM D 6435. The result is a new molding method for three-dimensional fabric FRP that promises to play a more useful role than conventional molding processes in manufacturing future portable devices.
便携式设备是由纤维增强塑料(FRP)制成的产品之一，具有高强度和低重量的特点。小型设备的成型方法包括使用平板，但对于具有高度弯曲角的结构(例如直角的便携式设备)使用这种方法，要么会导致褶皱，要么需要将FRP切割成块，从而引入不连续，更有可能发生故障。当使用平面织物制作具有高度弯曲角的结构时，这个问题就会出现，并且可以通过创建三维织物来解决。本研究提出了一种制造覆盖高弯曲角和边缘的三维织物的新方法。作者还根据ASTM D 6435中描述的方法对这种织物的边缘部分进行了四点弯曲试验。结果是一种新的三维纤维FRP成型方法，有望在制造未来的便携式设备中发挥比传统成型工艺更有用的作用。
{"title":"Development of a Simple Molding Method for Continuous Fiber Reinforcement FRP in Shapes with Highly Curved Corners","authors":"L. Bao, Kentaro Suzuki, Jian Shi","doi":"10.4188/jte.65.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/jte.65.19","url":null,"abstract":"Portable devices are among the products made from fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), which is characterized by high strength and low weight. The molding method for small devices involves use of flat sheets, but use of such methods for structures with highly curved corners, for example portable devices with right angles, either results in wrinkles or requires that the FRP be cut into pieces, introducing discontinuities where failure is more likely to occur. This issue results when structures with highly curved corners are made using flat fabric, and it can be solved by creating a threedimensional fabric. This study proposes a new method for manufacturing three-dimensional fabric to cover highly curved corners and edges. The authors also carried out a four-point bending test of the edge portion of such fabric based on the method described in ASTM D 6435. The result is a new molding method for three-dimensional fabric FRP that promises to play a more useful role than conventional molding processes in manufacturing future portable devices.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85542184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to make clear the mechanism of interlacing process in a slit-type interlacer, the effects of supplied air pressure on filaments motion were studied using a high-speed video camera and particle image velocimetry (PIV). Results obtained are as follows: (1) The cycle time, tangling state time and opening state time were clarified by measuring 20 cycles of interlacing process independently of supplied air pressures. (2) The mean number of tangles and the calculated number of tangles were almost the same at supplied air pressures of 0.2 MPa and 0.3 MPa. Meanwhile, the calculated number of tangles was higher than the mean number of tangles at supplied air pressures of 0.1 MPa, 0.4 MPa and 0.5 MPa. (3) The summed deviation coefficient was effective to extract a characteristic cycle in the interlacing process. (4) The supplied air pressure of 0.3 MPa was the optimum condition to generate tangling parts when the interlacer and the sample yarn were used in this study. In this case, the average distance of filaments was over 0.4 mm and the opening state time was over 0.70 ms. In case that the supplied air pressure is less than 0.3 MPa, the average distance of filaments was under 0.4 mm and the opening state time became longer.
{"title":"Filaments Motion in a Slit-Type Interlacer: Role of Supplied Air Pressure","authors":"Ryo Jinno, Y. Iemoto, H. Uematsu, S. Tanoue","doi":"10.4188/jte.65.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/jte.65.25","url":null,"abstract":"In order to make clear the mechanism of interlacing process in a slit-type interlacer, the effects of supplied air pressure on filaments motion were studied using a high-speed video camera and particle image velocimetry (PIV). Results obtained are as follows: (1) The cycle time, tangling state time and opening state time were clarified by measuring 20 cycles of interlacing process independently of supplied air pressures. (2) The mean number of tangles and the calculated number of tangles were almost the same at supplied air pressures of 0.2 MPa and 0.3 MPa. Meanwhile, the calculated number of tangles was higher than the mean number of tangles at supplied air pressures of 0.1 MPa, 0.4 MPa and 0.5 MPa. (3) The summed deviation coefficient was effective to extract a characteristic cycle in the interlacing process. (4) The supplied air pressure of 0.3 MPa was the optimum condition to generate tangling parts when the interlacer and the sample yarn were used in this study. In this case, the average distance of filaments was over 0.4 mm and the opening state time was over 0.70 ms. In case that the supplied air pressure is less than 0.3 MPa, the average distance of filaments was under 0.4 mm and the opening state time became longer.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75609735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the textile industry, fabric hand is one of the crucial aspects that influence the value of fabric. However, the judgement of fabric hand may vary across subjects. Thus, this study proposes to group the subjects based on their evaluation of fabric hand, and the tactile sensations that are dominantly related to fabric hand are investigated. First, a sensory evaluation of eight knitted fabric samples was carried out using 14 verbal expressions of tactile sensation. These 14 verbal expressions were hierarchically classified into three stages which were called as low-order of tactile sensation, high-order of tactile sensation and lastly, fabric hand. After grouping the subjects by using cluster analysis, a principal component analysis was conducted in each stage of tactile sensation to gather the strong correlations of the verbal expressions. Then, the correlations between principal components of each stage were determined by multiple regression analysis. As a result, the study showed that the subjects could be mainly grouped into two. The former group expressed fabric hand as good when the fabric is soft and moist. On the other hand, the latter group defined good fabric hand when the fabric is silky and smooth.
{"title":"Difference of Tactile Perception Models by Individuals and Dominant Factor of Fabric Hand for Knitted Fabric for Underwear","authors":"I. S. M. Hashim, Sumi Nakamura, K. Takemura","doi":"10.4188/JTE.65.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/JTE.65.1","url":null,"abstract":"In the textile industry, fabric hand is one of the crucial aspects that influence the value of fabric. However, the judgement of fabric hand may vary across subjects. Thus, this study proposes to group the subjects based on their evaluation of fabric hand, and the tactile sensations that are dominantly related to fabric hand are investigated. First, a sensory evaluation of eight knitted fabric samples was carried out using 14 verbal expressions of tactile sensation. These 14 verbal expressions were hierarchically classified into three stages which were called as low-order of tactile sensation, high-order of tactile sensation and lastly, fabric hand. After grouping the subjects by using cluster analysis, a principal component analysis was conducted in each stage of tactile sensation to gather the strong correlations of the verbal expressions. Then, the correlations between principal components of each stage were determined by multiple regression analysis. As a result, the study showed that the subjects could be mainly grouped into two. The former group expressed fabric hand as good when the fabric is soft and moist. On the other hand, the latter group defined good fabric hand when the fabric is silky and smooth.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73433284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanang Endriatno, K. Kawai, Takuru Suehiro, S. Kitayama, J. Sakamoto, T. Kinari
Braided carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) can be employed in the construction of pressurized vessels to increase performance and reduce overall weight. However, owing to the complex braiding structures resulting from the braiding process, an analysis of the elastic modulus is important as it affects the hoop stress on the pressure vessel. In this study, braided preformed CFRP constructed on a steel cylinder subjected to internal pressure was experimentally investigated using a simple approach that involved estimating the elastic modulus and hoop stress. Five types of braided preformed CFRP with different braiding angles and number of applied layers were analyzed. The elastic modulus and hoop stress can be estimated from these measurements of the internal pressure. The differences in the braided structures result in different strain values and affect the elastic modulus. High braiding angles tend to be more stable against high internal pressure, and exhibit small strain differences and high elastic modulus in the hoop direction. Similar results were observed when additional layers were applied. Increasing the braiding angle and the number of layers can increase the average elastic modulus.
{"title":"Experimental Study on Hoop Stress Affecting Braided Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Subjected to Internal Pressure","authors":"Nanang Endriatno, K. Kawai, Takuru Suehiro, S. Kitayama, J. Sakamoto, T. Kinari","doi":"10.4188/JTE.65.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/JTE.65.11","url":null,"abstract":"Braided carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) can be employed in the construction of pressurized vessels to increase performance and reduce overall weight. However, owing to the complex braiding structures resulting from the braiding process, an analysis of the elastic modulus is important as it affects the hoop stress on the pressure vessel. In this study, braided preformed CFRP constructed on a steel cylinder subjected to internal pressure was experimentally investigated using a simple approach that involved estimating the elastic modulus and hoop stress. Five types of braided preformed CFRP with different braiding angles and number of applied layers were analyzed. The elastic modulus and hoop stress can be estimated from these measurements of the internal pressure. The differences in the braided structures result in different strain values and affect the elastic modulus. High braiding angles tend to be more stable against high internal pressure, and exhibit small strain differences and high elastic modulus in the hoop direction. Similar results were observed when additional layers were applied. Increasing the braiding angle and the number of layers can increase the average elastic modulus.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86330141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hair colouring by using dyestuffs formed by the oxidation of (+)-catechin (Cat.) under light irradiation was studied and the oxidation system was combined with photosensitisers which absorb visible light and generate oxidants. Rose bengal (RB) and Methylene Blue (MB) were used as the visible light photosensitiser. Hair was treated with the solutions containing them and was irradiated with artificial sunbeam in dry condition or in Cat. aqueous solution. It was found that hair is not coloured when it is pretreated with the aqueous solutions containing Cat., RB and MB, and irradiated with the light in the dry condition (dry system). In contrast, hair is coloured most when it is pretreated with the solutions containing RB and MB, and then irradiated with the light in Cat. aqueous solution (wet system). The RB and MB in hair may promote the oxidation of Cat. and production of colourants to give better colouration results, when the treated hair is irradiated with visible light in the solution condition.
{"title":"Hair Colouring by the Use of Dyestuffs Formed by Oxidation of (+)-Catechin Combined with Photosensitisers Absorbing Visible Light","authors":"H. Yasunaga, A. Uchida","doi":"10.4188/JTE.64.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/JTE.64.145","url":null,"abstract":"Hair colouring by using dyestuffs formed by the oxidation of (+)-catechin (Cat.) under light irradiation was studied and the oxidation system was combined with photosensitisers which absorb visible light and generate oxidants. Rose bengal (RB) and Methylene Blue (MB) were used as the visible light photosensitiser. Hair was treated with the solutions containing them and was irradiated with artificial sunbeam in dry condition or in Cat. aqueous solution. It was found that hair is not coloured when it is pretreated with the aqueous solutions containing Cat., RB and MB, and irradiated with the light in the dry condition (dry system). In contrast, hair is coloured most when it is pretreated with the solutions containing RB and MB, and then irradiated with the light in Cat. aqueous solution (wet system). The RB and MB in hair may promote the oxidation of Cat. and production of colourants to give better colouration results, when the treated hair is irradiated with visible light in the solution condition.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73029239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safety quality on the static electrical propensity of work clothes in Japan is confirmed by electrical resistivity or frictional electric charge obtained from the results of test methods specified by International Electrotechnical Commission standard (IEC) or Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). In practical use, we consider that the hazard related to static electrical charge is dependent on human body voltage caused by various movement of worker during working hours as well as electrical resistance or electric charge amount of work clothes. We thought up two trial movements for determination of human body voltage: one is taking off movement after performing frictional action between work clothes and inner wear during 20 seconds at speed of 90 times per one second, and the other is standing up from the seat of popular use chair quickly after performing frictional action between the back part of work clothes and the back of a chair during 60 seconds at speed of 90 times per one second. Experimental works were performed by using four types of unprotected commercial work clothes and six types of static protected commercial work clothes. As the experimental results, standing up movements from the seat of chair were recorded higher human body voltages than taking off movement. From the almost all work clothes including static protected work clothes, the human body voltage above 3000 voltage which many human felt static electrical shock were detected by the standing up from the chair quickly after performing frictional action.
{"title":"Assessment of Static Electrical Propensity for Work Clothes Using Human Body Voltage Measuring Methods","authors":"Hirokazu Kimura, Ryotaro Yamamoto, A. Sakaguchi","doi":"10.4188/JTE.64.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4188/JTE.64.163","url":null,"abstract":"Safety quality on the static electrical propensity of work clothes in Japan is confirmed by electrical resistivity or frictional electric charge obtained from the results of test methods specified by International Electrotechnical Commission standard (IEC) or Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). In practical use, we consider that the hazard related to static electrical charge is dependent on human body voltage caused by various movement of worker during working hours as well as electrical resistance or electric charge amount of work clothes. We thought up two trial movements for determination of human body voltage: one is taking off movement after performing frictional action between work clothes and inner wear during 20 seconds at speed of 90 times per one second, and the other is standing up from the seat of popular use chair quickly after performing frictional action between the back part of work clothes and the back of a chair during 60 seconds at speed of 90 times per one second. Experimental works were performed by using four types of unprotected commercial work clothes and six types of static protected commercial work clothes. As the experimental results, standing up movements from the seat of chair were recorded higher human body voltages than taking off movement. From the almost all work clothes including static protected work clothes, the human body voltage above 3000 voltage which many human felt static electrical shock were detected by the standing up from the chair quickly after performing frictional action.","PeriodicalId":35429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Textile Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84524516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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