Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033148
Chang Phang, Yong Hong Wu
In this paper, we study the bifurcation of an epidemic model with sub-optimal immunity and saturated treatment/recovery rate. Different from classical models, sub-optimal models are more realistic to explain the microparasite infections disease such as Pertussis and Influenza A. By carrying out the bifurcation analysis of the model, we show that for certain values of the model parameters, Hopf bifurcation, Bogdonov-Takens bifurcation and its associated homoclinic bifurcation occur. By studying the bifurcation curves, we can predict the persistence or extinction of diseases.
{"title":"Bifurcation of an epidemic model with sub-optimal immunity and saturated recovery rate","authors":"Chang Phang, Yong Hong Wu","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033148","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the bifurcation of an epidemic model with sub-optimal immunity and saturated treatment/recovery rate. Different from classical models, sub-optimal models are more realistic to explain the microparasite infections disease such as Pertussis and Influenza A. By carrying out the bifurcation analysis of the model, we show that for certain values of the model parameters, Hopf bifurcation, Bogdonov-Takens bifurcation and its associated homoclinic bifurcation occur. By studying the bifurcation curves, we can predict the persistence or extinction of diseases.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114072403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033182
Toutai Mituyama
3,361 putative RNA secondary structure conserved regions were identified from mammalian syntenies by using leading-edge RNA sequence data analysis tools. The identified candidates are found to be concentrated in transcription factor binding sites of various genes, which infer secondary structure conserved elements play certain roles for transcription regulation.
{"title":"An identification of secondary structure conserved elements in mammalian syntenic regions","authors":"Toutai Mituyama","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033182","url":null,"abstract":"3,361 putative RNA secondary structure conserved regions were identified from mammalian syntenies by using leading-edge RNA sequence data analysis tools. The identified candidates are found to be concentrated in transcription factor binding sites of various genes, which infer secondary structure conserved elements play certain roles for transcription regulation.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115716317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033119
Xiao-Rong Yang, Ke-Ang Fu
In this article, an efficient algorithm to detect the breakpoints in DNA copy number alterations is considered. In view of the influence of the heavy noises, the self-weighted least square estimation is adopted to downweight the covariance matrix of the wild observations (outliers), which ensure the convergence between the estimated parameters and the true values. The proposed approach makes use of the most of the data itself to reduces the complexity of the model, and presents an insightful discussion for discovery of copy number alterations.
{"title":"Copy number detection using self-weighted least square regression","authors":"Xiao-Rong Yang, Ke-Ang Fu","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033119","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, an efficient algorithm to detect the breakpoints in DNA copy number alterations is considered. In view of the influence of the heavy noises, the self-weighted least square estimation is adopted to downweight the covariance matrix of the wild observations (outliers), which ensure the convergence between the estimated parameters and the true values. The proposed approach makes use of the most of the data itself to reduces the complexity of the model, and presents an insightful discussion for discovery of copy number alterations.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124799116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033159
Xionghui Zhou, Juan Liu, Changning Liu, S. Rayner, Fengji Liang, J. Ju, Yinghui Li, Shanguang Chen, J. Xiong
MicroRNAs can regulate hundreds of target genes and play a pivotal role in a broad range of biological process. However, relatively little is known about how these highly connected miRNAs-target networks are remodelled in the context of various diseases. Here we examine the dynamic alteration of context-specific miRNA regulation to determine whether modified microRNAs regulation on specific biological processes is a useful information source for predicting cancer prognosis. A new concept, Context-specific miRNA activity (CoMi activity) is introduced to describe the statistical difference between the expression level of a miRNA's target genes and non-targets genes within a given gene set (context).
{"title":"Context-specific miRNA regulation network predicts cancer prognosis","authors":"Xionghui Zhou, Juan Liu, Changning Liu, S. Rayner, Fengji Liang, J. Ju, Yinghui Li, Shanguang Chen, J. Xiong","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033159","url":null,"abstract":"MicroRNAs can regulate hundreds of target genes and play a pivotal role in a broad range of biological process. However, relatively little is known about how these highly connected miRNAs-target networks are remodelled in the context of various diseases. Here we examine the dynamic alteration of context-specific miRNA regulation to determine whether modified microRNAs regulation on specific biological processes is a useful information source for predicting cancer prognosis. A new concept, Context-specific miRNA activity (CoMi activity) is introduced to describe the statistical difference between the expression level of a miRNA's target genes and non-targets genes within a given gene set (context).","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130011827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
More and more gene expression data are available due to the rapid development of high-throughput experimental techniques such as microarray and next generation sequencing (NGS). The gene expression data analysis is still one of the fundamental tasks in bioinformatics. In this paper, we propose a new profile-state hidden Markov model (HMM) for analyzing time-course gene expression data, which gives a new point of view to explain the variation of gene expression and regulation in different time. This model addresses the bicluster problem in time-course data efficiently and can identify the irregular shape and overlapping biclusters. The comprehensive computational experiments on simulated and real data show that the new method is effective and useful.
{"title":"Analyzing time-course gene expression data using profile-state hidden Markov model","authors":"Qiang Huang, Ling-Yun Wu, Jibin Qu, Xiang-Sun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033177","url":null,"abstract":"More and more gene expression data are available due to the rapid development of high-throughput experimental techniques such as microarray and next generation sequencing (NGS). The gene expression data analysis is still one of the fundamental tasks in bioinformatics. In this paper, we propose a new profile-state hidden Markov model (HMM) for analyzing time-course gene expression data, which gives a new point of view to explain the variation of gene expression and regulation in different time. This model addresses the bicluster problem in time-course data efficiently and can identify the irregular shape and overlapping biclusters. The comprehensive computational experiments on simulated and real data show that the new method is effective and useful.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121764865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033142
Yang Gao, Yan Zhang
Homologous recombination is a fundamental cellular process that is most widely used by cells to rearrange genes and accurately repair DNA double-strand breaks. It may result in the formation of a critical intermediate named Holliday junction, which is a four-way DNA junction and needs to be resolved to allow chromosome segregation. Different Holliday junction resolution systems and enzymes have been characterized from all three domains of life. In bacteria, the RuvABC complex is the most important resolution system. In this study, we conducted comparative genomics studies to identify a novel DNA-binding protein, YebC, which may serve as a key regulator of RuvABC resolvasome. On the other hand, the presence of YebC orthologs in some organisms lacking RuvC implied that it might participate in other biological processes. Further phylogenetic analysis of YebC protein sequences revealed two functionally different subtypes of this family: YebC_I and YebC_II. Only YebC_I subgroup may play an important role in regulating RuvABC gene expression in bacteria. Investigation of YebC-like proteins in eukaryotes suggested that they may have originated from YebC_II proteins and evolved a new function as a specific translational activator in mitochondria. Finally, additional phylum-specific genes associated with Holliday junction resolution were predicted. Overall, this study provides new insight into the basic mechanism of Holliday junction resolution and homologous recombination in bacteria.
{"title":"Comparative genomics revealed a novel DNA-binding regulatory protein involved in homologous recombination in bacteria","authors":"Yang Gao, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033142","url":null,"abstract":"Homologous recombination is a fundamental cellular process that is most widely used by cells to rearrange genes and accurately repair DNA double-strand breaks. It may result in the formation of a critical intermediate named Holliday junction, which is a four-way DNA junction and needs to be resolved to allow chromosome segregation. Different Holliday junction resolution systems and enzymes have been characterized from all three domains of life. In bacteria, the RuvABC complex is the most important resolution system. In this study, we conducted comparative genomics studies to identify a novel DNA-binding protein, YebC, which may serve as a key regulator of RuvABC resolvasome. On the other hand, the presence of YebC orthologs in some organisms lacking RuvC implied that it might participate in other biological processes. Further phylogenetic analysis of YebC protein sequences revealed two functionally different subtypes of this family: YebC_I and YebC_II. Only YebC_I subgroup may play an important role in regulating RuvABC gene expression in bacteria. Investigation of YebC-like proteins in eukaryotes suggested that they may have originated from YebC_II proteins and evolved a new function as a specific translational activator in mitochondria. Finally, additional phylum-specific genes associated with Holliday junction resolution were predicted. Overall, this study provides new insight into the basic mechanism of Holliday junction resolution and homologous recombination in bacteria.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130921445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033127
Fuyan Hu, Xingming Zhao
Identifying dysregulation modules for complex diseases, such as B-cell lymphomas, can provide insights into the mechanisms of diseases and help to identify novel drug targets. In this work, based on molecular interaction network, we applied a network flow model to identify the dysregulation modules for three subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, including Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In our identified dysregulation modules, there are multiple genes that were reported in literature to be related to B-cell lymphomas, which demonstrate that our presented method is really effective for identifying dysregulation modules related to diseases.
{"title":"Detecting B-cell lymphomas dysregulation modules based on molecular interaction network","authors":"Fuyan Hu, Xingming Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033127","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying dysregulation modules for complex diseases, such as B-cell lymphomas, can provide insights into the mechanisms of diseases and help to identify novel drug targets. In this work, based on molecular interaction network, we applied a network flow model to identify the dysregulation modules for three subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, including Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In our identified dysregulation modules, there are multiple genes that were reported in literature to be related to B-cell lymphomas, which demonstrate that our presented method is really effective for identifying dysregulation modules related to diseases.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115430873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033180
Tao Zeng, Luonan Chen
Phase transition widely exists in the biological world, such as the transformation of cell cycle phases, cell differentiation stages, cancer development steps, and so on. These are considered as the conversions of a genetic system from one phenotype/genotype to another. In previous studies, the molecular mechanisms of biological phase transition have attracted much attention, in particular, on the different genotypes related to specific phase but less of focus on the cascade of genes' functions during the phase change. However, it is a fundamental but important mission to track the temporal characteristics of a genetic system during specific phase transition or process, which can offer clues for understanding life and advancing its quality. By overcoming the hurdles of traditional time segmentation and temporal biclustering methods, a causal process model (CPM) in the present work is proposed to study the biological phase transition in a systematic way: boundary gene estimation for gene-specific segmentation and temporal block construction for whole data division. After the computational validation on synthetic data, CPM was used to analyze the well-known Yeast cell cycle data to identify the time periods of six phases in two cell cycles, and revealed phase/cycle related biological processes. These primary results demonstrate that CPM is efficient comparing to traditional methods, and has potential to elucidate the genetic mechanism with more complicated phase transitions.
{"title":"Identifying temporal trace of biological process during phase transition","authors":"Tao Zeng, Luonan Chen","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033180","url":null,"abstract":"Phase transition widely exists in the biological world, such as the transformation of cell cycle phases, cell differentiation stages, cancer development steps, and so on. These are considered as the conversions of a genetic system from one phenotype/genotype to another. In previous studies, the molecular mechanisms of biological phase transition have attracted much attention, in particular, on the different genotypes related to specific phase but less of focus on the cascade of genes' functions during the phase change. However, it is a fundamental but important mission to track the temporal characteristics of a genetic system during specific phase transition or process, which can offer clues for understanding life and advancing its quality. By overcoming the hurdles of traditional time segmentation and temporal biclustering methods, a causal process model (CPM) in the present work is proposed to study the biological phase transition in a systematic way: boundary gene estimation for gene-specific segmentation and temporal block construction for whole data division. After the computational validation on synthetic data, CPM was used to analyze the well-known Yeast cell cycle data to identify the time periods of six phases in two cell cycles, and revealed phase/cycle related biological processes. These primary results demonstrate that CPM is efficient comparing to traditional methods, and has potential to elucidate the genetic mechanism with more complicated phase transitions.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127170050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033144
Yu-Xia Chu, Min Wang, M. Yao, Xin-mei Zhou, Xia-Ying Du, Xiao Wan, Zi-Fang Li, Mengyin Zhu, Xiao Chen
Microglia play a pivotal role in synaptic plasticity of chronic pain. In this study, the potential role of interleukin 1beta (IL-1β), mainly released by microglia in early stage of nerve injury, in mechanical allodynia induced by tetanic stimulation of the sciatic nerve (TSS) was examined. Mechanical allodynia was observed on both ipsilateral and contralateral sides of TSS. Moreover, the expression of the microglial marker Iba-1 and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β were significantly increased. Intrathecal injection of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra, 3.5 µg/ml, 20 µl/rat) 30 min before TSS significantly inhibited bilateral mechanical allodynia on day 3, 5 and 7 after TSS. Immunohistochemistry showed that IL-1β was colocalized with the microglial marker OX-42 in the spinal superficial dorsal horn, but not with the astrocytic marker GFAP and the neuronal marker NeuN on day 4 following TSS. The results demonstrate that microglial IL-1β participates in the hypersensitivity of pain behaviors induced by TSS.
{"title":"Antiallodynic effects of microglial interleukin-1β inhibition in the spinal cord","authors":"Yu-Xia Chu, Min Wang, M. Yao, Xin-mei Zhou, Xia-Ying Du, Xiao Wan, Zi-Fang Li, Mengyin Zhu, Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033144","url":null,"abstract":"Microglia play a pivotal role in synaptic plasticity of chronic pain. In this study, the potential role of interleukin 1beta (IL-1β), mainly released by microglia in early stage of nerve injury, in mechanical allodynia induced by tetanic stimulation of the sciatic nerve (TSS) was examined. Mechanical allodynia was observed on both ipsilateral and contralateral sides of TSS. Moreover, the expression of the microglial marker Iba-1 and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β were significantly increased. Intrathecal injection of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra, 3.5 µg/ml, 20 µl/rat) 30 min before TSS significantly inhibited bilateral mechanical allodynia on day 3, 5 and 7 after TSS. Immunohistochemistry showed that IL-1β was colocalized with the microglial marker OX-42 in the spinal superficial dorsal horn, but not with the astrocytic marker GFAP and the neuronal marker NeuN on day 4 following TSS. The results demonstrate that microglial IL-1β participates in the hypersensitivity of pain behaviors induced by TSS.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128718844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-03DOI: 10.1109/ISB.2011.6033157
Chao Xu, Jiajia Chen, Bairong Shen
The bidirectional promoter architecture has been reported in many organisms, and the conservation of bidirectional arrangement has also been studied in several former researches. However, the explanation for the evolutionary conservation about this genomic structure is still insufficient. In this study the large scale identification and pathway enrichment analysis for bidirectional genes were performed in several eukaryotes, and the comparative analysis of this arrangement between human and mouse were dissected for the purpose of discovering the drive force of the preservation of this genomic structure. The comparative analysis about the gene expression and biological functions between human and mouse bidirectional genes were performed. It was observed that the selective constraint of this architecture mainly derives from the function bias of bidirectional genes rather than the co-regulation between paired genes. The results of our analyses indicated that the bidirectional genes are conserved in pathway level and the potential selective constraints of bidirectional architecture conservation comes from the gene function preference rather than the co-regulation of paired genes' expression.
{"title":"The preservation of bidirectional promoter architecture in Eukaryotes - Functional or co-regulation constraint?","authors":"Chao Xu, Jiajia Chen, Bairong Shen","doi":"10.1109/ISB.2011.6033157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISB.2011.6033157","url":null,"abstract":"The bidirectional promoter architecture has been reported in many organisms, and the conservation of bidirectional arrangement has also been studied in several former researches. However, the explanation for the evolutionary conservation about this genomic structure is still insufficient. In this study the large scale identification and pathway enrichment analysis for bidirectional genes were performed in several eukaryotes, and the comparative analysis of this arrangement between human and mouse were dissected for the purpose of discovering the drive force of the preservation of this genomic structure. The comparative analysis about the gene expression and biological functions between human and mouse bidirectional genes were performed. It was observed that the selective constraint of this architecture mainly derives from the function bias of bidirectional genes rather than the co-regulation between paired genes. The results of our analyses indicated that the bidirectional genes are conserved in pathway level and the potential selective constraints of bidirectional architecture conservation comes from the gene function preference rather than the co-regulation of paired genes' expression.","PeriodicalId":355056,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128153192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：