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AN ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL VALUE AND DEFENCE MECHANISM IN “LIFE OF PI” NOVEL BY YANN MARTEL 马特尔小说《少年派的奇幻漂流》的教育价值与防御机制分析
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.8266
Nurul Azmi Aprianti
This research was aimed to analyze an educational value and defence mechanism in life of pi novel by Yann Martel. Life of Pi is an award-winning novel written by Yann Martel, a Canadian author. The novel depicts the topic of struggle for life and against death in an emergency situation. It tells about the struggle of an Indian boy who spent 227 days with a fierce tiger in the Pacific Ocean, and as the sole survivor in a shipwreck that killed his family. There are two problems are formulated to guide and limit the discussion in this study. The first problem examines the description of the educational value, the second problem examines the defence mechanism in that novel. The methodology of this research is descriptive qualitative method. All of the data are gathered by reading the novel, identifying, classifying, and reducing the data. The primary data of the study are in the form of monologues and dialogues of the novel itself. The primary data is supported by secondary data that is taken from books, journals, articles, essays, and sites that relate to the study. The selected data is interpreted into understandable meaning by descriptive technique. The result of the research finds that educational value in life of pi novel: he is intelligent, he was able to enter the best secondary school in his town and later achieved top grades as a university student; open- minded, He is open-minded in his way of thinking; spiritual, He practices three religions with the reason that he wants to love God; and has strong determination, He has a strong will and he does not give up or become desperate easily. The defence mechanism carried out by Pi Patel: by recognizing and using his strength, which is made possible by his intelligence; by being realistic about the situation, which is facilitated by his open- mindedness; and by adopting positive attitude, which is facilitated by his spirituality and strong determination.
本研究旨在分析扬·马特尔小说《少年派》的人生教育价值及其防御机制。《少年派的奇幻漂流》是加拿大作家扬·马特尔的获奖小说。这部小说描绘了在紧急情况下与死神搏斗的主题。它讲述了一个印度男孩与一只凶猛的老虎在太平洋上度过了227天的挣扎,并在一场遇难的海难中成为唯一的幸存者。提出了两个问题来指导和限制本研究的讨论。第一个问题考察了小说中对教育价值的描述,第二个问题考察了小说中的防御机制。本研究的方法论为描述定性方法。所有的数据都是通过阅读小说、识别、分类和减少数据来收集的。本研究的主要资料是小说本身的独白和对话。次要数据来源于与研究相关的书籍、期刊、文章、论文和网站。通过描述技术将所选数据解释为可理解的含义。研究结果发现,少年派小说的人生教育价值在于:少年派的聪明才智,使他能够进入本镇最好的中学,后来成为一名成绩优异的大学生;他的思维方式很开放;精神上,他信仰三种宗教,原因是他想爱上帝;他有坚强的意志,他不轻易放弃,也不轻易绝望。派·帕特尔的防御机制:通过认识和利用他的力量,这是他的智力;通过对形势的现实认识,这得益于他的开放心态;并采取积极的态度,这得益于他的灵性和坚定的决心。
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引用次数: 0
ERRORS IN WORD ORDER AND SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT IN THE UNDERGRADUATE THESIS ABSTRACTS 本科毕业论文摘要中语序和主谓一致的错误
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.6899
I. Febrianti, Mashadi Said
The objectives of the research were formulated to find out the errors of word order and the subject-verb agreement made by the English department students at universities in Indonesia in their undergraduate thesis abstracts. The method of the research was qualitative descriptive. The source of data was 35 undergraduate thesis abstracts from 2017 to 2019 year made by the English department students at universities in Indonesia. Technique of data analysis was through collecting data, identifying of errors, classifying of errors, explaining of errors and evaluating of errors. The classification of the errors is based on Surface Taxonomy category. The research findings reveal that the most common error of word order in the surface taxonomy was omission consisting of 76 or 38% errors. Meanwhile, the most error of subject- verb agreement was omission and misformation with 21 or 48,83%.
本研究的目的是找出印尼大学英语系学生在其本科论文摘要中出现的语序错误和主动一致错误。本研究采用定性描述方法。数据来源为印尼大学英语系学生2017 - 2019学年的35篇本科论文摘要。数据分析的技术是通过收集数据、识别错误、分类错误、解释错误和评价错误。错误分类基于Surface Taxonomy分类。研究结果表明,表面分类中最常见的语序错误是遗漏,错误率分别为76%和38%。同时,主谓一致错误最多的是遗漏和误读,分别为21.8%和48.83%。
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引用次数: 0
LEXICAL COLLOCATION AND TEXTUAL COHESION IN STUDENT’S ENGLISH WRITING DISCUSSION TEXT 学生英语写作讨论篇中的词汇搭配与语篇衔接
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.8068
Putri Sundari Minang, Gustaman Saragih
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the form of significant lexical collocation in student's English writing discussion text, (2) the process of lexical collocation creates cohesion in student's English writing discussion text, and (3) the cultural reflection displayed by the structure of lexical collocation and textual cohesion in student's English writing discussion text. This study applies a mixture of descriptive and quantitative qualitative methods in describing research findings. The data source of this research is the results of writing discussion texts in 3 PKBM Karawang. Data that has been documented in total is 30 discussion texts with 5274 words and 1664 types of words.  The author uses the help of a computer application called Antconc to obtain the collocation data. The findings show that (1) the lexical collocations produced by students in Paket C in the discussion text are L1 (15%), L2 (34%), L3 (18%), L4 (4%), L5 (18%), and L7 (11%); (2) reference data are personal (51%), demonstrative (30%), and comparative (10%); conjunction data are additive (44%), adversative (15%), temporal (5%), and causal (36%). (3) The cultural representation found was the issue raised as the title of the text sourced from daily activities and used the words claim and assumed to describe students' ideas and opinions in the text.  This shows that collocation is able to get a special place in learning English to improve the writing ability of students in Paket C in PKBM.
摘要:本研究的目的是确定(1)学生英语写作讨论语篇中重要词汇搭配的形式;(2)词汇搭配的过程在学生英语写作讨论语篇中产生衔接;(3)学生英语写作讨论语篇中词汇搭配结构和语篇衔接所表现出的文化反映。本研究采用描述性和定量定性相结合的方法来描述研究结果。本研究的数据来源是在3 PKBM卡拉旺撰写讨论文本的结果。总共记录的数据是30个讨论文本,5274个单词,1664个类型的单词。作者使用计算机应用程序Antconc来获取搭配数据。结果表明:(1)学生在讨论文本中产生的词汇搭配是L1(15%)、L2(34%)、L3(18%)、L4(4%)、L5(18%)和L7 (11%);(2)参考资料为个人资料(51%)、示范资料(30%)和比较资料(10%);关联数据是可加性(44%)、不利性(15%)、时间性(5%)和因果性(36%)。(3)发现的文化表征是作为文章标题提出的问题,来源于日常活动,并使用claim和assume这两个词来描述学生在文章中的想法和观点。由此可见,搭配能够在PKBM中提高Paket C学生的写作能力,在英语学习中占有特殊的地位。
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引用次数: 0
SOCIO-CULTURAL AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL POSTMODERNITY IN THE MOVIE WALL-E DIRECTED BY ANDREW STANTON 安德鲁·斯坦顿导演的电影《瓦力》中的社会文化和社会心理后现代主义
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.6913
Aditya Chandra Nugroho, M. Lapasau
This research has a purpose to analyze the theme elements inside the movie of WALL-E. The theme that is going to be analyzed are the socio-cultural and socio-psychological postmodernity. This research is designed by using the approach of qualitative argumentative research. The data for this research is collected directly from the movie itself, its screenplay and its novel adaptation. The form of the data collected is in narrative and descriptive text, dialogue, symbols and images. The result founds that the elements and themes of socio-cultural and socio-psychological postmodernity truly reigns the movie WALL-E; 1). The socio-cultural postmodernity depiction in this movie shows many aspects such as; the abrupt modern culture and technology, the modern world consumerism, the modern human relationship, and also the government negligence toward its own people. The portion of this theme is 54,8%. 2). The depiction of socio-psychological postmodernity in this movie shows the birth of the agent of change among the society and the abrupt modern world social awareness. The portion of this theme is 29,6%. 3). The pure postmodernity symbols (in a form of either the wordplay or the images used in the movie) that are also shown vividly has the portion of 15,6%. This means that the theme of socio-cultural postmodernity dominates the movie. But alas, due to the connection of every themes of the movie toward postmodern theme, in conclusion, the postmodernity is the theme that truly dominates the movie 100%.
本研究旨在分析《机器人总动员》电影内部的主题元素。我们要分析的主题是社会文化和社会心理的后现代性。本研究采用定性论证研究的方法进行设计。这项研究的数据是直接从电影本身、剧本和小说改编中收集的。所收集的数据的形式是叙述性和描述性的文本、对话、符号和图像。结果发现,社会文化和社会心理的后现代元素和主题真正支配着电影《机器人总动员》;1)本片对社会文化后现代的刻画体现在以下几个方面:突兀的现代文化和技术,现代世界消费主义,现代人际关系,以及政府对本国人民的疏忽。这个主题的比例是54,8%。2)本片对社会心理上的后现代性的刻画,体现了社会变革主体的诞生和现代世界社会意识的突兀。这个主题的比例是29.6%。3)纯粹的后现代性符号(以文字游戏或电影中使用的图像的形式)也被生动地表现出来,占15.6%。这意味着社会文化后现代的主题主导了这部电影。但遗憾的是,由于电影的每一个主题都与后现代主题联系在一起,总之,后现代是真正100%主导电影的主题。
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引用次数: 0
Examining Debate in Developing Higher-order Thinking Skills: A Case of English Language Class in Senior High School Context 探讨辩论在培养高阶思维能力中的作用:以高中英语课堂为例
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.7625
Susianti Rosalina, Hanna Sundari
The concept of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) has become an important issue in 21st-century learning. One of the skills reflecting higher-order thinking skills is critical thinking that also becomes another important concept that has recently been studied in some researches. The number of previous studies supporting the influence of debate as a beneficial pedagogy on the development of critical thinking skills have been conducted through some researches. However, the studies contradicting the issue also need to be concerned to consider the influence of debate particularly in enhancing critical thinking in English language class. Having conducted a study by using a quantitative method and objective assessment, the purpose of the present study was to find significant effect of debate on the development of students’ higher-order thinking skills in English language class. The study was conducted in public senior high school 1 in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, involving 68 students divided into two groups. The result shows that there was no significant mean difference of the scores obtained, despite the higher scores achieved by the experimental group in which the group using debate, since the th is lower than the tt(1.21 < 1.669). In other words, the study reveals that debate does not have significant effect on the development of higher-order thinking skills. Some possible reasons are then discussed and illustrated.
高阶思维技能(HOTS)的概念已成为21世纪学习中的一个重要问题。反映高阶思维技能的技能之一是批判性思维,这也是最近一些研究中研究的另一个重要概念。以前的一些研究支持辩论作为一种有益的教学法对批判性思维技能发展的影响。然而,与这一问题相矛盾的研究也需要考虑辩论的影响,特别是在英语课堂上提高批判性思维。本研究采用定量方法和客观评价的方法,旨在发现辩论对英语课堂学生高阶思维能力发展的显著影响。这项研究是在印度尼西亚西爪哇茂物的公立高中进行的,共有68名学生被分为两组。结果表明,尽管使用辩论组的实验组得分较高,但由于th低于tt(1.21 < 1.669),因此所得分数的平均差异不显著。换句话说,这项研究表明,辩论对高阶思维技能的发展没有显著影响。然后讨论并说明了一些可能的原因。
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引用次数: 0
THE USE NOUN PHRASE AND ADVERB PHRASE IN SENTENCE OF SIMPLE PAST TENSE ON RECOUNT TEXT 叙述文本中一般过去时句中名词短语和副词短语的用法
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.6988
Wahyu Sulistya Pambudi
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引用次数: 0
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING ABILITY IN SIMPLE PAST AND PRESENT PERFECT TENSE THROUGH TEACHING STRATEGY OF ERROR RECOGNITION 通过错误识别教学策略提高学生一般过去时和现在完成时的写作能力
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.7386
M. Sholehah, S. Supeno
The research was done because more students met difficulties in writing. The objectives of the research are 1. To improve students’ writing ability in simple past tense through teaching strategy of error recognition; 2. To improve students’ writing ability in present perfect tense through teaching strategy of error recognition. The total subject of research is 43 students of two different schools. Techniques of collecting data are test, observation, document, and photograph. The research was in Classroom Action Research with two cycles and each cycle has four steps; planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The result of analyzing data for students’ ability in simple past tense in cycle I, the “mean” was 60,8. The percentage was 23,37 %. In step II, the “mean” was 78,65 (more than KKM). The percentage of passing was 76,63%. (higher than 75 %). There were improvements from cycle I to cycle II. It is concluded that teaching Strategy of Error recognition in teaching and learning process can improve the students’ ability in writing simple past tense at private senior high school Serang. The result of test score for students’ ability in present perfect tense in step I,  the “mean” was 61,35 (less than KKM). The percentage of passing was 23,69 % (less than 75 % minimal mastery level criterion of passing). In step II, the “mean” was 78,25 (more than KKM). The percentage of passing was 76,63 % (higher 75 % minimal mastery level criterion of passing). There were improvements from step I to step II. It is concluded that teaching strategy of error recognition in teaching and learning process can also improve the students’ ability in writing present perfect tense at private senior high school Serang.
之所以进行这项研究,是因为更多的学生在写作方面遇到了困难。本研究的目的是:1。通过错误识别教学策略提高学生一般过去时写作能力2. 通过错误识别教学策略提高学生的现在完成时写作能力。研究对象是来自两个不同学院的43名学生。收集数据的技术有测试、观察、记录和摄影。本研究采用课堂行动研究,分为两个周期,每个周期分为四个步骤;计划、行动、观察和反思。循环1学生一般过去时能力数据分析结果,“平均值”为60,8。这个比例是23.37%。在步骤II中,“平均值”为78,65(大于KKM)。通过率为76.63%。(高于75%)。从第1周期到第2周期有所改善。研究结果表明,教学过程中的错误识别教学策略可以提高民办高中学生一般过去时的写作能力。第一步学生现在完成时能力测试成绩的“平均值”为61,35(小于KKM)。通过率为23.69%(低于75%的最低掌握水平及格标准)。在步骤II中,“平均值”为78,25(大于KKM)。通过率为76.63%(高于75%的最低掌握水平及格标准)。从第一步到第二步都有改进。在教学过程中识别错误的教学策略也能提高民办高中学生的现在完成时写作能力。
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引用次数: 1
THE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AND THE SUBORDINATE CLAUSES IN “DAVID COPPERFIELD” BY CHARLES DICKENS: A STUDY OF SYNTAX 查尔斯·狄更斯《大卫·科波菲尔》中介词短语和从句的句法研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.7134
Gemi Salvianto, M. Sulhan
The objectives of the research are to know the prepositional phrases and subordinate clauses in “David Copperfield” by Charles Dickens. The total sample data of this research are sixty each for two variables. The technique of collecting data of prepositional phrases and subordinate clauses is determining texts in the novel, collecting the selected sentences, and storing them in a table. The research methodology applied is qualitative, and the technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis and hierarchical structures of syntax. Three categories are used to analyze prepositional phrases: post-modifier of a noun (pN), post-modifier of an adjective (pAdj) and adverbial (pA) while to analyze the subordinate clauses, complement clauses (CC), adjunct or adverbial clauses (AC), and relative clauses (RC) are employed. The results of the research are: 1) Prepositional phrases that function as adverbial (pA) are found to be the most category used with 65%, and the preposition of is the most used among others with twelve times in total. 2) Subordinate clauses that function as adjunct clauses (AC) are found to be the most category used with 62%, and the subordinate conjunction when is the most used among others with eleven times in total.
本研究的目的是了解查尔斯·狄更斯《大卫·科波菲尔》中的介词短语和从句。本研究的总样本数据为两个变量各60个。介词短语和从句的数据收集技术是在小说中确定文本,收集选定的句子,并将其存储在表格中。研究方法采用定性分析,数据分析技术采用描述性分析和句法层次结构。分析介词短语主要采用名词后修饰语(pN)、形容词后修饰语(pAdj)和状语(pA)三种类型,而分析介词短语则主要采用从句、补语从句、副语或状语从句和关系从句。研究结果表明:1)具有副词功能的介词短语是使用频率最高的类别,占65%,其中使用频率最高的是介词of,共使用了12次。(2)作为副语的从句(AC)是使用次数最多的类别(62%),其中when是使用次数最多的类别(11次)。
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引用次数: 1
[RETRACTED] THE EFFECTS OF LEARNING MEDIA AND MOTIVATION TOWARDS STUDENTS’ READING ABILITY (Experiment Study at Private Colleges in Subang Regency) [RETRACTED] 学习媒介和学习动机对学生阅读能力的影响——苏邦县民办高校实验研究[撤回]
Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v5i1.6914
Dody Wahyudi Purnama, Gustaman Saragih

This article is retracted

这篇文章被撤回
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引用次数: 0
THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE AND TEACHING STRATEGY IN “FREEDOM WRITER” BY RICHARD LAGRAVENESE 理查德·拉格文尼斯《自由作家》的教育价值与教学策略
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.30998/inference.v4i3.9109
Ayu Kartika Listiyana, Rifari Baron
Abstract: This research aims to analyze the educational value and teaching strategy in the “Freedom Writer” film by Richard Lagravenese. Based on the theories of educational value and teaching strategies, there are four primary points to analyze: 1) How is Educational Value in ‘Freedom Writer Film’ by Richard Lagravenese? 2) What are the Teaching Strategies in ‘Freedom Writer Film’ by Richard Lagravenese? 3) There are eleven kinds of educational value that appear in “Freedom Writer” by Richard Lagravenese based on Linda, they are honesty, courage, peace-ability, self-reliance and potential, self-discipline and moderation, loyalty and dependability, respect, unselfishness, and sensitivity, kindness & friendliness, justice and mercy, and love. 4) There are five kinds of teaching strategies that appear in Richard Lagravenese based on Brown; they are content-based instruction, theme-based instruction, experiential learning, episode hypothesis, and task-based teaching.Keywords: educational value, teaching strategy, film.
摘要:本研究旨在分析理查德·拉格文尼斯的电影《自由作家》的教育价值和教学策略。基于教育价值理论和教学策略理论,本文主要从四个方面进行分析:1)理查德·拉格文内斯的《自由作家电影》的教育价值是怎样的?2) Richard Lagravenese“自由作家电影”的教学策略是什么?3) Richard Lagravenese以Linda为原型创作的《自由作家》中出现了11种教育价值,分别是诚实、勇敢、平和、自立与潜能、自律与节制、忠诚与可靠、尊重、无私与敏感、善良与友善、正义与仁慈、爱。4)以布朗为基础的Richard Lagravenese提出了五种教学策略;它们是基于内容的教学、基于主题的教学、基于体验的学习、基于情节的假设和基于任务的教学。关键词:教育价值,教学策略,电影。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
INFERENCE: Journal of English Language Teaching
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